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Questions: Tutorial 1 (7 January 2010)

This document contains two math problems involving calculating runoff from rainfall data. The first problem calculates the flow rate in cubic meters per second from a given rainfall rate over an area. The second problem calculates the (i) runoff coefficient and (ii) increase in water absorption of a catchment area that was afforested, using flow rate data and annual rainfall amounts.

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Mohd Shahid
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76 views1 page

Questions: Tutorial 1 (7 January 2010)

This document contains two math problems involving calculating runoff from rainfall data. The first problem calculates the flow rate in cubic meters per second from a given rainfall rate over an area. The second problem calculates the (i) runoff coefficient and (ii) increase in water absorption of a catchment area that was afforested, using flow rate data and annual rainfall amounts.

Uploaded by

Mohd Shahid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tutorial 1 (7th January 2010)

QUESTIONS
1.1.

Two and half centimeters of rain per day over an area of 200 km2 is equivalent
to average rate of input of how many cubic meters per second of water to that
area?

1.2.

A catchment area of 140 km2 received 120 cm of rainfall in a year. At the


outlet of the catchment the flow in the stream draining the catchment was
found to have an average rate of 2.0 m3/s for 3 months, 3.0 m3/s for 6 months
and 5.0 m3/s for 3 months.
(i)
What is the runoff coefficient of the catchment?
(ii)
If the afforestation of the catchment reduces the runoff coefficient to
0.50, what is the increase in the abstraction from precipitation due to
infiltration, evaporation and transpiration, for the same annual rainfall
of 120 cm?

SOLUTIONS
1.1.

t = 1 day
Q 1 24 60 60 = (2.5 / 100 ) 200 10 6

Q = 5 10 6 / 86400
Q = 57.87 m3/s
1.2.

Period = t = 1 year
Input volume = 140 10 6 120 / 100 = 168 Mm3
Runoff = Output volume
= (2 3) + (3 6) + (5 3) = 39 m3/[Link]
= 39 (365 / 12 ) 24 60 60 = 102.492 Mm3
(i)
Runoff coefficient = 102.492/168.0 = 0.61
Abstraction = 168.0 102.492 = 65.508 Mm3
(ii)
Due to afforestation:
Runoff = 0.5 168.0 =84.0 Mm3
Abstraction = 168.0 84.0 = 84.0 Mm3
Increase in abstraction = 84.0 65.058 = 18.492 Mm3

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