IP Addressing
By
Muhammad Niswar
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
Outline
l What is IP Address ?
l IP Address Format
l Classfull Scheme
l Class A, B, C, D, E
l Classless Scheme
l CIDR
l VLSM
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
IP Address
l Logical Network Address that identifies
particular host.
l IPv4 = 32 bits
l IPv6 = 128 bits
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
IP Address Format
32-bits
Network Host
00001010000000000000010100000001
00001010 00000000 00000101 00000001
10 . 0 . 5 . 1
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
Classfull Scheme
32-bits
Network Host
Netwo
rk
Host (24)
(8)
Class A
Network (16) Host (16)
Class B
Host
(8)
Class C Network (24)
Class D Multicast
Class E Reserved
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
Classfull Scheme
l PC/Router identifies the class of IP address
according to MSB
0111XXXX Host (24)
Class A
1011XXXX
Class B Host (16)
XXXXXXXX
Host
(8)
1101XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
Class C
Class D Multicast
Class E Reserved
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
Classfull Scheme
0111XXXX Host (24)
Class A
l Range = 1 126
l 0 = Reserved for Broadcast Address
l 127 = Reserved for Loopback Address
l Large Size Organization
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
Classfull Scheme
1011XXXX
Class B XXXXXXXX
Host (16)
lRange = 128 191
lMedium Size Organization
Host
(8)
1101XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
Class C
Range = 192 223
Small Size Organization
Class D 1110XXXX
Range = 224- 239
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
Subnet:
Class C
l [Link]
l Netmask: [Link]
l CIDR: [Link]/24
l Host = 8 bits
l # of Host = 2^8 2 = 254 Hosts
Network Host Range Broadcast
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
Subnet:
Class C
l [Link]
l Netmask: [Link]
l CIDR: [Link]/24
l Host = 8 bits
l # of Host = 2^8 2 = 254 Hosts
Network Host Range Broadcast
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
Subnet:
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
l ISP use CIDR method to allocate a number of
address to customer.
l [Link]/28
l /28 = # of bits are turned on (1s) = Network
l /28 = subnet prefix
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
Subnet
l [Link]/28
l 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000
l # of Subnet = 2^4 = 16 Subnets
l # of Host = 2^4 2 = 14 Hosts
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
Network Host Range Broadcast
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
192.168.10. 64 [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
[Link] [Link] ~ [Link] [Link]
Exercise
l [Link]/18
l Netmask?
l # of Subnets?
l # of Hosts?
l Valid Subnets, Hosts, Broadcasts Addresses:
Subnet Host Range Broadcast
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
Classless Scheme:
Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM)
l Divide an IP address space into subnets of
different sizes
l Subnetting the subnet
l Dealing with IP address wastage introduced by
Classfull Address Scheme.
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
VLSM Example
l Small company with class C network
l [Link]/24
l They have six subnets
l Subnet1, 2, 3 & 4 = 10 hosts
l Subnet5 = 50 hosts
l Subnet6 = 100 hosts
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
VLSM Example
(1st Division)
0 8 16 24 254 Hosts 32
192 168 10 [Link]/24
0 8 16 24 126 Hosts 32
192 168 10
[Link]/25
(Subnet6)
0 8 16 24 126 Hosts 32
192 168 10
[Link]/25
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
VLSM Example
nd
(2 Division)
0 8 16 24 126 Hosts 32
192 168 10
[Link]/25
0 8 16 24 62 Hosts 32
192 168 10
[Link]/26
(subnet5)
0 8 16 24 62 Hosts 32
192 168 10
[Link]/26
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
VLSM Example (3th Division)
0 8 16 24 62 Hosts 32
192 168 10
[Link]/26
0 8 16 24 14 Hosts 32
192 168 10
[Link]/28
(subnet1)
0 8 16 24 14 Hosts 32
192 168 10
[Link]/28
(subnet2)
0 8 16 24 14 Hosts 32
192 168 10
[Link]/28
(subnet3)
0 8 16 24 14 Hosts 32
192 168
Dr. Muhammad 10
Niswar [Link]/28
(subnet4)
Exercise
[Link]/24
Subnet A = 66 Hosts Subnet B = 19 Hosts
Subnet C = 2 Hosts
Internet RouterA RouterB
Subnet D = 6 Hosts Subnet E = 30 Hosts
Dr. Muhammad Niswar
