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Young Modulus in Safety Design Analysis

1. A new bicycle grip design incorporates an elastic spring inside to reduce injuries from falls by absorbing impact energy. 2. The graph shows the stress-strain relationship of a material suitable for car seat belts. It can absorb significant energy as evidenced by the area under the graph. 3. Calculations show that a 2m long, 6cm wide seat belt of the material could absorb over 16kJ of energy from a 55kg passenger traveling at 24m/s, making it suitable for restraining passengers in sudden stops.

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320 views2 pages

Young Modulus in Safety Design Analysis

1. A new bicycle grip design incorporates an elastic spring inside to reduce injuries from falls by absorbing impact energy. 2. The graph shows the stress-strain relationship of a material suitable for car seat belts. It can absorb significant energy as evidenced by the area under the graph. 3. Calculations show that a 2m long, 6cm wide seat belt of the material could absorb over 16kJ of energy from a 55kg passenger traveling at 24m/s, making it suitable for restraining passengers in sudden stops.

Uploaded by

DhanBahadur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1. Children can seriously injure themselves when falling off bicycles if they land on upturned handlebars.

A
new design incorporates a spring inside the grip as shown below.

Grip

Handlebar

The grip needs to be tough.


(i) What does tough mean?
(ii) Suggest a suitable tough material.
(a) The behaviour of the spring over the range of compression expected in a fall is elastic.
What is meant by elastic?
1
(b) The maximum compression of the spring is 9.0 cm. Its stiffness is 1250 N m . The spring obeys
Hookes law. For maximum compression calculate
(i) the force in the spring,
(ii) the energy stored in the spring.
(c) The mass of a child is 30 kg. Calculate the childs weight. Discuss how this new design could reduce
the seriousness of an injury.
(d) The Young modulus of the material of a wire can be related to the stiffness of the wire. A student
suggests that if the cross-sectional area of the spring and the initial length of the spring were known,
then the Young modulus of the spring material could be calculated using the data given in this
question. Explain why this is incorrect.

2. The graph shows the stress-strain relationship for a material from which car seat belts can be made.

10
Stress/GPa
8

0
0 4 8 12 16 20
3
Strain/10

(a) What physical quantity does the area under this graph represent?

(b) A car seat belt is 2 m long, 6 cm wide and 1.5 mm thick. Show that the volume of the seat
4 3
belt is approximately 2 10 m .


(c) A passenger of mass 55 kg wears the seat belt when travelling in a car at a speed of 24 m s
1
. Show that the kinetic energy of the passenger is about 16 kJ

(d) Calculate the energy per unit volume which must be absorbed by the seat belt as it restrains
the passenger when the car stops suddenly. Assume that all the passengers kinetic energy
is absorbed by the seat belt.

(e) Use the graph to show that a seat belt made from this material would be satisfactory for
restraining the passenger in the situation described above. Assume the maximum strain in
3
the belt is 20 10 .

(f) In what way would the design of a seat belt, made from the same material, need to be
changed to make it suitable for restraining the driver of a racing car when the car stops
suddenly? Explain your answer.

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