CHAPTER 18 : NUMBER BASES
1.1 Important concepts
Number Bases
Number in base Number in base Number in base
two eight five
Only use digits 0 Only use digits 0, Only use digits 0,
and 1. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 1, 2, 3 and 4
7,
Place value : Place value : Place value :
23222120 838 28180 53525150
1.2 Number in base two
1.2.1 State the value of a digit of a number in base two.
Example : 11012
The value of a digit 1 is 1 × 23 = 8
Exercises :
1. 11002 2. 1101102
3. 1000102 4. 11101002
5. 1001002 6. 10111112
7. 101111102 8. 111101102
9. 101011002 10. 10001111002
1.2.2 Conversion of numbers in base two to the number in base ten.
Example : 1102 = (1 × 22) + (1 × 21) + (0 × 20)
=4 + 2 + 0
= 610
Exercises :
Number Bases 12
1. 1012 2. 11012
3. 11002 4. 11102
5. 10112 6. 11012
7. 101102 8. 110112
Example : 10012 = 8 4 2 1
1 0 0 1
= 8+1
= 910
9. 1011102 10. 1110002
11. 11001112 12. 10100112
13. 101011012 14. 111011012
1.2.3 Conversion of numbers in base ten to the number in base two.
Example : 2510
2 25 remainder
2 12 1
2 6 0
2 3 0
2 1 1
0 1
2510 = 110012
Exercises :
1. 1610 2. 2910
3. 3410 4. 3910
5. 4410 6. 4710
Example : 1210
8 44 2 1
1 1 0 0
Number Bases 13
1210 = 1100 2
7. 5510 8. 6810
9. 8710 10. 9410
11. 10110 12. 11710
1.3 Number in base eight
1.3.1 State the value of a digit of a number in base eight.
Example : 148
The value of a digit 4 is 4 × 80 = 4
Exercises :
1. 158 2. 248
3. 618 4. 1458
5. 3278 6. 3268
7. 25168 8. 34048
9. 16258 10. 46138
1.3.2 Conversion of numbers in base eight to the number in base ten.
Example : 268 = ( 2 × 81) + (6 × 80)
= 16 + 6
= 2210
Exercises :
1. 238 2. 348
3. 638 4. 718
5. 1248 6. 1568
7. 2708 8. 3748
Example : 458 = 51 6 8 1
2 4
4 5
= 32
Number Bases 14
+5
= 37
9. 2058 10. 2728
11. 3168 12. 3658
13. 5138 14. 6528
1.3.3 Conversion of numbers in base ten to the number in base eight.
Example : 1910
8 19 remainder
8 2 3
0 2
1910 = 238
Exercises :
1. 2610 2. 4910
3. 6410 4. 9910
5. 14410 6. 54710
Example : 1710
512 64 8 1
2 1
1710 = 218
7. 1910 8. 2410
9. 5710 10. 6410
11. 12110 12. 21710
1.4 Number in base five
1.4.1 State the value of a digit of a number in base five.
Example : 225
The value of a digit 2 is 2 × 51 = 10
Number Bases 15
Exercises :
1. 145 2. 235
3. 325 4. 445
5. 1015 6. 1245
7. 2405 8. 12125
9. 32045 10. 42215
1.4.2 Conversion of numbers in base five to the number in base ten.
Example : 1425 = ( 1 × 52) + ( 4 × 51) + ( 2 × 50)
= 25 + 20 + 2
= 4710
Exercises :
1. 135 2. 205
3. 315 4. 425
5. 2115 6. 3025
7. 31105 8. 43215
Example : 1245 = 125 25 5 1
1 2 4
= 25 + 10 + 4
= 3910
9. 125 10. 215
11 1045 12. 2305
.
13 22345 14. 42135
.
1.4.3 Conversion of numbers in base ten to the number in base five.
Example : 2810
5 28 remainder
5 5 3
Number Bases 16
5 1 0
0 1
2810 = 1035
Exercises :
1. 1610 2. 2910
3. 7710 4. 8510
5. 14410 6. 44710
Example : 1210
12 2 5 1
5 5
2 2
1210 = 225
7. 5610 8. 7810
9. 8710 10. 10410
11. 20110 12. 31710
1.5 Conversion of number in certain base to a number in another base.
1.5.1 Conversion of number in base two to the number in base eight.
Example : 111012
4 2 1 4 2 1 4 2 1
1 1 10 1
3 5
111012 = 358
1. 11012 2. 10012
3. 110012 4. 110112
5. 1001112 6. 1110102
7. 11011112 8. 11010002
9. 100111012 10 111101102
11 1001110112 12 10011101102
Number Bases 17
13 100111011012 14 1101010100112
1.5.2 Conversion of number in base eight to the number in base two.
Example : 278
2 7
4 2 1 4 2 1 4 2 1
0 1 0 1 1 1
278 = 101112
1. 258 2. 368
3. 518 4. 2028
5. 5368 6. 6438
7. 12358 8. 25718
9. 32248 10 60478
11 25508 12 51018
13 710018 14 562218
1.5.3 Conversion of number in base five to the number in base two.
Number Bases 18
Example : 145
125 25 5 1
2 9 remainder
145= 5 1 4 +4 2 4 1
2 2 0
= 910 145 = 910 =
2 1 0
10012 0 1
Exercises :
1. 235 2. 435
3. 1345 4. 2125
5. 3015 6. 4235
1.5.4 Conversion of number in base five to the number in base eight.
Example : 145
125 25 5 1
8 9 remainder
14 5 = 5 1 4 + 4 8 1 1 145 = 910 = 118
0 1
= 910
Exercises :
1. 135 2. 335
3. 1245 4. 2215
5. 3105 6. 4135
Number Bases 19
1.5.5 Conversion of number in base two to the number in base five.
Example : 1112
8 4 2 1
5 7 remainder
1112 = 4 1 1 1 + 2 + 1 5 1 2 710 = 125
0 1
= 710
Exercises :
1. 1012 2. 11102
3. 110112 4. 101102
5. 1110112 6. 1011112
1.5.6 Conversion of number in base eight to the number in base five.
Example : 168
512 64 8 1
5 14 remainder
16 8 = 8 1 6 + 6 5 2 4 1410 = 245
0 2
= 1410
Exercises :
1. 178 2. 338
3. 1748 4. 2218
5. 5108 6. 7138
Number Bases 20
1.5.7 Perform computations involving addition of two numbers in base two.
Example : 1 0 0 12
+ 1 0 12
1 1 1 02
Exercises :
1. 1012 + 1102 2. 1112 + 11012
3. 101002 + 110112 4. 101102 + 11012
5. 1110112 + 101012 6. 1011112 + 101002
1.5.8 Perform computations involving subtraction of two numbers in base two.
Example : 1 0 0 12
- 1 0 12
1 0 02
Exercises :
1. 1012 - 102 2. 1112 - 1012
3. 101002 - 10112 4. 111102 - 101012
5. 1110112 - 1101012 6. 1101002 - 1011112
Objective Questions.
Number Bases 21
1. State the value of underlined digit in the in the 8. Express 93210 as number in base
number 10101012. five.
A 4A A 1435
B 8 B 2125
C 16 C 22125
D 32 D 122125
2. State the value of underlined digit in the 9. Express 110102 as a number in base
number 13240 5. eight.
A 75 A A 2A68
B 375 B 328
C 1875 C 1228
D 3 D 11018
3. Express 110111 2 as a number in base 10. Express 10 110 1012 as a number in base
eight.
ten.
A 2358
A 13
A 10
B 2648
B 3110
C 2658
C 5510
D 5518
D 11010
4. Express 1548 as a number in base ten.
A 80A 10 11 Express 4028 as a number in base two.
B 10810 A 110010
A 2
B 1100100102
C 86410 C 10000102
D 192510 D 1000000102
5. Express 4235 as a number in base
ten. 12 Express 101102 as a number in base five.
A 846
A 10 A 225
B 42310 B 425
C 11310 C 445
D 76510 D 40445
6. Express 126 10 as a number in base two. 13 Express 4135 as a number in base two.
A 111110
A 2 A 1001011
A 2
B 11101102 B 1000010112
C 11111102 C 1011002
D 11111112 D 11011002
7. Express 342810 as a number in base 14 Express 5468 as a number in base five.
eight. A 334
A 5
A 544
A 8 B 4135
B 4288 C 24135
C 27428 D 3415
D 65448
155Express 7( 82 ) + 5 as a number in base two.
Number Bases 22
x10 112 115 118 , find
A 11100011
A 2 22
B 110001012
C 11101012 Given that
D 1110001012
the value of x.
16 Express 27 + 22 + 1 as a number in base
A 15A
eight.
B 16
A 19A8
C 17
B 1338 D 18
C 2058
D 7208 23 If x 2 2 5 2 3 2 0 , then x =
17 Express 10 110 1012 as a number in base A 101
A 0002
eight. B 101 0012
A 2358 C 110 0012
B 2648 D 110 0112
C 2658
D 5518
24. 100102 + 1112 =
18 Express 53 + 4 as a number in base five.
A 1045 A 11101
A 2
B 3045 B 110012
C 10045 C 101012
D 30045 D 100012
19 If y5 = 110 1112 , then y =
A 205 25. Given that x2 = 1012 + 1015 , find the
B 515 value of x.
C 1605 A 11112
D 2105 B 10 1112
C 11 1112
20 If 20008 = x 10 which is x is integer, find D 101 1112
the value of x.
A 1600
A
B 2500
C 1024
D 8192
21. If x5 = 758 , then x =
A 61
B 211
C 221
D 111 101
PAST YEAR QUESTIONS
Number Bases 23
SPM 2003(Nov)
1. Express 11010101 2 as a number in base eight
A. 651 8 C. 325 8
B. 6258 D. 2218
2. 11101 2 1110 2
A. 100011 2 C. 101111 2
B. 111001 2 D. 101011 2
SPM 2004(Nov)
1. Express 5 3 3 as a number in base five
A. 1035 C. 1003 5
B. 303 5 D. 30035
2. 11011 2 111 2
A. 100010 2 C. 110011 2
B. 101100 2 D. 111101 2
SPM 2004(July)
3. What is the value of the digit 3, in base ten, in the number 372 8?
A. 48 C. 192
B. 64 D. 512
4. Convert 22 + 2(23 + 1) to a number in base eight
A. 158 C. 228
C. 268 D. 628
5. 110112 – 1012 =
A. 10102 C. 101102
B. 11102 D. 100102
SPM 2005(Nov)
Number Bases 24
1. 1100012 10112
A. 100100 2 C. 111010 2
B. 100110 2 D. 111100 2
2. What is the value of the digit 2, in base ten, in the number 32415 ?
A. 25 C. 200
B. 50 D. 250
SPM 2005(July)
3. 100102 - 11012 =
A. 1012 C. 10112
B. 1112 D. 11112
4. Express 11101002 as a number in base eight
A. 1218 C. 4618
B 1648 D 7208
SPM 2006(July)
1. It is given that k10 = 1100012, where k is an integer. Find the value of k.
A. 48 C. 97
B. 49 D. 98
2. 1012 + 10012 =
A. 11102 C. 100002
B. 11002 D. 100112
Number Bases 25
