International Journal of Research in Advent Technology (IJRAT) (E-ISSN: 2321-9637)
Special Issue
National Conference “CONVERGENCE 2016”, 06th-07th April 2016
Review on Automatic Railway Gate Control
Junaid Khan1, Yogesh L. Mahajan2, Abdullah Faizan3, Prof. Vaibhav S. Yendole4, Prof. Parag R.
Jawale5
Electrical Engineering Department1, 2, 3, 4,5, Research Caller1, 2, 3, Lecturer4,5
Email: Junaid Khan1:- junaidkhan1414@[Link] , Yogesh L. Mahajan 2 :- mahajanyogesh23@[Link],
Abdullah Faizan3 :- faizanabdullah11@[Link], Prof. Vaibhav S. Yendole4 :- vaibyendole@[Link], Prof.
Parag R. Jawale5 :- paragjawale88@[Link]
Abstract- The objective of this paper to control the railway gate crossing with automation. The need of
automation at railway gate crossing is required due to fact that, so many accidents occurred while crossing the
railway gate. In everywhere at level crossing between railroad and highway there are so many railway accidents
happening due to the carelessness in manual operations or lack of workers. When we go through the daily
newspapers we come across many railway accidents occurring at unmanned railway crossings. So, this paper
describes the automatic railway gate control system using PIC microcontroller for saving precious human lives
and preventing major disasters in railway track. Railway gate may be saved for the road users to prevent
accidents in terms of train speed at level crossing. This paper is focused on sensor technique.
Index Terms- Microcontroller, Seven segment display, Automatic gated Motor track switching.
call from the previous station. Also reliability is
1. INTRODUCTION high, as it is not subjected to manual errors. Early
Railroad is one of transition mode, which has an level
important role in moving passengers and freights. crossing had a flagman in a nearly booth who hold ,
However, railroad-related accidents are more on the approad of a train , wave a red flag or lantern to
dangerous than other transportation accidents. stop all traffic and clear the tracks, manual or
Therefore more efforts are necessary for improving its electrical closable gates that barricaded the raod way
safety. This system is to manage the control system of were later introduced. The gates were intended to be a
railway gate using the microcontroller. The main complete barrier against intruption of any road traffic
purpose of this system is about railway gate control onto the railway. In the early days of the railways
system and level crossing between railroad and much road traffic was horsedrawn or included
highway for decreasing railroad-related accident and livestock, it was thus necessary to provide a rail
increasing safety. In addition, it also provides safety barrier, thus crossig gates, when closed to road traffic,
road users by reducing the accidents that usually occur crossed the entire width of the road, gate opened to
due to carelessness of road users and errors made by allow road users to cross the line, the gates were
the gatekeepers. Railways preferred the cheapest swung acroos the width of the railway, preventing
mode of transportation over all the other means. This any pedestrians or animals getting onto the line with
system is designed using PIC 16F877A the appearance of motor vehicles thus barrier became
microcontroller to avoid railway accidents happening less effective and the need for a barrier to livestock
at railway gates where the level crossings. diminished dramatically. Many countries therefore
Microcontroller performs the complete operation i.e., substituted the gated crossing with weaker but more
sensing, gate closing and opening. As a train highly visible barriest and relied upon raod user
approaches the railway crossing from either side, the following the associted warning signals to stop.
sensors placed at a certain distance from the gate In many countries, level crossing on less important
detects the approaching train and controls the roads and railway line are otern “open” & “
operation of the gate. This system was operated after uncontrolled” sometimes with warning lights or bells
signal received from the sensors. to warn of approching trains, ungrated croosing
To avoid the accidents, sensors placed at some represent a safety concern many accident have
distance from the gate detect the departure of the train. occurred due to failure to notice or obey the warning .
The signal about the departure is sent to the
microcontroller, which in turn operates the motor and
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
opens the gate. Thus, the time for which the gate is
closed is less compared to the manually operated gates
since the gate is closed depending upon the telephone 2.1. Working of Gate Control System
Railways being the cheapest mode of
transportation are preferred over all the other means
144
International Journal of Research in Advent Technology (IJRAT) (E-ISSN: 2321-9637)
Special Issue
National Conference “CONVERGENCE 2016”, 06th-07th April 2016
when we go through the daily newspapers we come line with separate right-or-way or reserved track
across many railway accidents occurring at unmanned crosses a road crossing, railroad crossing, road
railway crossings. This is mainly due to the through railroad, train crossing or gate croosing
carelessness in manual operations or lack of workers.
We, in this project have come up with a solution for 3. CONCEPT INVOLVE IN TRAIN SAFETY
the same. Using simple electronic components we
have tried to automate the control of railway gates. As 3.1 Automatic Track Switching
a train approaches the railway crossing from either It displays monitoring of the two trains on one track. If
side, the sensors placed at a certain distance from the the two trains are on one track then one train stop
gate detects the approaching train and accordingly immediate due to red light and second train
Considered 5 seconds for this project. Sensors are changes its path automatically.
fixed at 1km on both sides of the gate. We call the
sensor along the train direction as ‘foreside sensor’ 3.2 Anti-Collision Device
and the other as ‘after side sensor’. When foreside
ACDs have knowledge fixed intelligence. They take
receiver gets activated, the gate motor is turned on in
inputs from GPS satellite system for position updates
one direction and the gate is closed and stays closed
and take decisions for timely auto-application of
until the train crosses the gate and reaches aft side
brakes to prevent dangerous ‘collisions’.
sensors. When aft side receiver gets activated motor
turns in opposite direction and gate opens and motor
stops. Buzzer will immediately sound at the fore side 3.3 Automatic Gate Control
receiver activation and gate will close after 5 seconds, It deals with two things. Firstly, it deals with the
so giving time to drivers to clear gate area in order to reduction of time for which the gate is being kept
avoid trapping between the gates and stop sound after closed. And secondly, to provide safety to the road
the train has crossed. users by reducing the accidents that usually occur due
to carelessness of road users and at times errors made
2.2. Working methodology by the gatekeeper’s. In this paper we are concern
about automatic gate control of railway crossing [2].
Present project is designed using 8051 microcontroller
to avoid railway accidents happening at unattended
3.4 Technology Used In Model Gate Control
railway gates, if implemented in spirit. This project
utilizes two powerful IR transmitters and two
receivers; one pair of transmitter and receiver is fixed
at upside (from where the train comes) at a level
higher than a human being in exact alignment and
similarly the other pair is fixed at down side of the
train direction. Sensor activation time is so adjusted by
calculating the time taken at a certain speed to cross at
least one compartment of standard minimum size of
the Indian railway. We have considered 5 seconds for
this project. Sensors are fixed at 1km on both sides of
the gate. We call the sensor along the train direction as
‘foreside sensor’ and the other as ‘after side sensor’.
When foreside receiver gets activated, the gate motor
is turned on in one direction and the gate is closed and Fig. 1, Technology used in model gate control.
stays closed until the train crosses the gate and reaches
Using simple electronic device and
aft side sensors. When aft side receiver gets activated
microcontroller devices we have tried to control the
motor turns in opposite direction and gate opens and
railway gate. A sensor is placed at certain distance of
motor stops. Buzzer will immediately sound at the
railway gate to detect the train. When a train comes it
fore side receiver activation and gate will close after 5
detects the train and displayed it on the monitor in turn
seconds, so giving time to drivers to clear gate area in
train driver looks for red or green signal given by
order to avoid trapping between the gates and stop
station master and according to it command the
sound after the train has crossed.
automate gate control system receive the command
and correspondingly actuate and then it controls the
2.3. Automatic Railway Gate Control railway gate and reduces the railway accident
A level crossing occurs where a railway line is
interesected by a road or path on one level, without 3.5 Circuit Diagram of Gate Control
recourse to a bridge or tunnel, It is a type of at-grade We use two platforms to make easy model which can
intersection. The term also applies when a light rail make any number of platform. When train reaches at
145
International Journal of Research in Advent Technology (IJRAT) (E-ISSN: 2321-9637)
Special Issue
National Conference “CONVERGENCE 2016”, 06th-07th April 2016
certain distance from the railway track a set of sensors Remote operation can also be achieved by any smart
are placed to detect the train and two pairs of sensor phone or tablet with an Android-OS with a Graphical
are placed on other side of track to detect the train User Interface, based on Touch Screen Operation.
shown in fig 2. This system uses a microcontroller as the heart of the
project, and is programmed in such a way that any
control signal from the Android phone controls the
motor for operating the gate.
5. COMPARISON
By the presently existing system once the train
leaves the station, the stationmaster informs the
gatekeeper about the arrival of the train through the
telephone. Once the gatekeeper receives the
information, he closes the gate depending on the
timing at which the train arrives. Hence if the train is
late due to certain reasons, then gate remain closed for
a long time causing traffic near the gates. In some
Fig. Loop track arrangement system warning system based on GPS & GSM. The
performance come together by positioning of GPS and
efficient transmission rate of GSM and computer
control technology are used in this system, which in
turns provide safety in railway system.
6. CONCLUSION
The project work “Automatic Railway Gate Control
With Safety Features Using Microcontroller”, Now a
days so many accidents are happen at railway gate
because of manual control. To avoid this severe
accidents we have tochange manual work to this latest
technology (Automatic Railway Gate Control Using
Microcontroller), we can avoid maximum number of
accidents.
7. ACKNOLEDGEMENTS
Fig. 2, Circuit diagram of gate control.
We avail this opportunity to express our deep
sense of gratitude and whole hearted thanks to our
When the train is at the first pair of sensors it sends a guide Prof. P. R. Jawale, for giving His valuable
signal to microcontroller to know the availability of guidance inspiration and affectionate encouragement
plat form. Hereafter checking availability to embark this seminar.
microcontroller operates stepper motor closes the gate We also acknowledge our over whelming
according to the condition given by station master. gratitude and immense respect to our Head of
Department of Electrical Engineering (Electronics &
4. RAILAWAY GATE CONTROL VIA SMS Power) Prof. P. B. Shelke and sincere thanks to our
ALERT principal Dr. P. M. Jawandhiya who inspired us a lot
to achieve the highest goal.
Automatic gate control system can be implemented Our thanks also goes to other staff members
using different technologies such as GSM, Bluetooth, of Electrical Engineering (Electronics & Power)
and Android. This article describes two automatic Department, our parents and friends who are directly
railway gate control project topics involving Android or indirectly involved in making the seminar
and GSM technologies. successful.
This paper of “Automatic railway gate control via REFERENCES
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146
International Journal of Research in Advent Technology (IJRAT) (E-ISSN: 2321-9637)
Special Issue
National Conference “CONVERGENCE 2016”, 06th-07th April 2016
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