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Javax - Swing: 1. The Swing User Interface

The document discusses the Swing graphical user interface (GUI) toolkit in Java. It provides examples of creating common Swing components like JFrames, JButtons, JLabels and handling user interactions with them. Key topics covered include creating frames, adding components to frames, handling frame closing operations, creating buttons and labels, adding icons, and handling drag and drop.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

533 views85 pages

Javax - Swing: 1. The Swing User Interface

Uploaded by

Puspala Manojkumar

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

JAVAX.

SWING

1. The Swing User Interface

This example creates and shows a frame with a button. To enable the button to respond to
button clicks,.
import [Link].*;
import [Link].*;

public class BasicUI {

public static void main(String[] args) {
JButton button = new JButton("Label");
JFrame frame = new JFrame();

// Add button to the frame

[Link]().add(button, [Link]);

// Set initial size

int frameWidth = 300;
int frameHeight = 300;
[Link](frameWidth, frameHeight);

// Show the frame

[Link](true);
}
}

JFRAME,JWINDOW,JDIALOG

2. Creating a JFrame

A frame is a component container that displays its contents in a top-level window with a
title bar and buttons to resize, iconify, maximize, and close the frame.

Unlike most Swing containers, adding a component to a frame is not done with the
[Link]() method. This is because the frame holds several panes and it is necessary
to specify a particular pane to which to add the component. The pane that holds child
components is called the content pane. This example adds a text area to the content pane
of a frame.

// Create the frame

String title = "Frame Title";
JFrame frame = new JFrame(title);
// Create a component to add to the frame
JComponent comp = new JTextArea();

// Add the component to the frame's content pane;

// by default, the content pane has a border layout
[Link]().add(comp, [Link]);

// Show the frame

int width = 300;
int height = 300;
[Link](width, height);
[Link](true);

3. Exiting an Application When a JFrame Is Closed

By default, when the close button on a frame is clicked, the frame hides itself. This
example shows how to exit the application when the frame is closed:
// Create a frame
JFrame frame = new JFrame();

// Get default close operation

int op = [Link](); // HIDE_ON_CLOSE

// Set to exit on close

[Link](JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

4. Disabling the Close Button on a JFrame

By default, when the close button on a frame is clicked, the frame hides itself. This
example shows how to disable the close button:
// Create a frame
JFrame frame = new JFrame();

// Get default close operation

int op = [Link](); // HIDE_ON_CLOSE

// Set to ignore the button

[Link](JFrame.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE);

5. Creating a Borderless Window

JWindow window = new JWindow();

// Add component to the window

[Link]().add(component, [Link]);

// Set initial size

[Link](300, 300);

// Show the window

[Link](true);

6. Showing a Dialog Box

// Modal dialog with OK button
String message = "Line1\nLine2";
[Link](frame, message);

// Modal dialog with yes/no button

int answer = [Link](frame, message);
if (answer == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
// User clicked YES.
} else if (answer == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) {
// User clicked NO.
}

// Modal dialog with OK/cancel and a text field

String text = [Link](frame, message);
if (text == null) {
// User clicked cancel
}

7. Getting the JFrame of a Component

In order to find the frame that contains a component, it is necessary to walk up the
component's parents until the frame is encountered. [Link]() is a
convenience method that finds the frame.

This example implements an action that finds and hides the frame of the component that
triggered the action.

// Create an action
Action action = new AbstractAction("Action Label") {
// This method is called when the action is triggered
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {
Component c = (Component)[Link]();

// Get the frame

Component frame = [Link](c);

// Hide the frame

[Link](false);
}
};

jlabel

8. Creating a JLabel Component

// The text is left-justified and vertically centered
JLabel label = new JLabel("Text Label");

// The text is horizontally and vertically centered

label = new JLabel("Text Label", [Link]);
// The text is right-justified and vertically centered
label = new JLabel("Text Label", [Link]);

// The text is left-justified and top-aligned

label = new JLabel("Text Label", [Link]);
[Link]([Link]);

// The text is right-justified and top-aligned

label = new JLabel("Text Label", [Link]);
[Link]([Link]);

// The text is left-justified and bottom-aligned

label = new JLabel("Text Label", [Link]);
[Link]([Link]);

// The text is right-justified and bottom-aligned

label = new JLabel("Text Label", [Link]);
[Link]([Link]);

9. Adding an Icon to a JLabel Component

This example creates a JLabel component with an icon.

// Fetch icon
Icon icon = new ImageIcon("[Link]");

// Create a label with text and an icon; the icon appears to the
left of the text
JLabel label = new JLabel("Text Label", icon, [Link]);

// Create a label with only an icon

label = new JLabel(icon);
This example adds or replaces the icon in an existing JLabel component:
// Add an icon to an existing label
[Link](icon);
The methods to control the position of the icon and text within a JLabel
component are identical to those of a JButton.

10. Setting the Focus of a JTextField Component Using a JLabel

Component

This example associates a label with a text field using setLabelFor(). A mnemonic is
set on the label. When the mnemonic keystroke is pressed, the text field will gain the
focus.

In the following example, when ALT-L is pressed, the text field gains the focus.

// Create text field

JTextField textfield = new JTextField(25);

// Create label and associate with text field

JLabel label = new JLabel("Text Label");
[Link](KeyEvent.VK_L);
[Link](textfield);
11. Adding Drag-and-Drop Support to a JLabel Component

This example demonstrates how to modify a label component so that its text can be
dragged and dropped to another component.
// Create a label
JLabel label = new JLabel("Label Text");

// Specify that the label's text property be transferable; the value

of
// this property will be used in any drag-and-drop involving this
label
final String propertyName = "text";
[Link](new TransferHandler(propertyName));

// Listen for mouse clicks

[Link](new MouseAdapter() {
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent evt) {
JComponent comp = (JComponent)[Link]();
TransferHandler th = [Link]();

// Start the drag operation

[Link](comp, evt, [Link]);
}
});

jbutton

12. Creating a JButton Component

Although it is possible to create a button with just a label, it is highly recommended to

use an action to create a button. The action can then be shared by other components such
as a toolbar.
// Create an action
Action action = new AbstractAction("Button Label") {
// This method is called when the button is pressed
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {
// Perform action...
}
};

// Create the button

JButton button = new JButton(action);

13. Changing the Label of a JButton Component

// To create a button,
// Change the label
[Link]("New Label");
// Remove the label; this is useful for a button with only an icon
[Link](null);

14. Creating a Multiline Label for a JButton Component

A button label can show simple HTML tags when surrounded by the tags <HTML> and
</HTML>. This example shows how to create multiple lines by using the tag. See the
[Link] class documentation for a list of supported tags.
String label = "<html>"+"This is a"+" "+"swing button"+"</html>";

// Create an action with the label

Action action = new AbstractAction(label) {
// This method is called when the button is pressed
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {
// Perform action
}
};

// Create the button

JButton button = new JButton(action);
By default, the lines are left justified. This label text will center the lines:
[Link]("<html><center>"+"This is a"+" "+"swing
button"+"</center></html>");
This label text italicizes the second line:
[Link]("<html>"+"This is a"+" "+"swing
button"+"</html>");

15. Adding an Icon to a JButton Component

If the action used to create the button contains an icon, the button will be created using
that icon. The icon will appear to the left of the text; to change the icon's position, .
// Retrieve the icon
Icon icon = new ImageIcon("[Link]");

// Create an action with an icon

Action action = new AbstractAction("Button Label", icon) {
// This method is called when the button is pressed
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {
// Perform action
}
};

// Create the button; the icon will appear to the left of the label
JButton button = new JButton(action);
If the action does not have an icon or a different icon must be used, add or change the
icon using setIcon():
// Add or change the icon; it will appear to the left of the text
[Link](icon);

// Set to null to remove icon

[Link](null);
16. Moving the Icon in a JButton Component

There are two methods for controlling the position of the text relative to the icon - -
setVerticalTextPosition() and setHorizontalTextPosition(). There are three
settings for each axis, which allows for a total of nine positions.

To control the gap between the text and icon, Note: Not all placements are possible. For
example, it is not possible to place the text above the icon with their left edges aligned.
The nine possible placements are demonstrated below.