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FMEA Procedure and Analysis Overview

The Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) procedure identifies potential failures in a system and their causes and effects. It begins by defining the system and requirements. Each component is examined to determine possible failure modes and their impacts. Failures are ranked based on severity, occurrence probability, and criticality. The FMEA outputs include weaknesses identified, most likely failure modes, and hazardous conditions. Corrective actions are then recommended to address failures.

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376 views4 pages

FMEA Procedure and Analysis Overview

The Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) procedure identifies potential failures in a system and their causes and effects. It begins by defining the system and requirements. Each component is examined to determine possible failure modes and their impacts. Failures are ranked based on severity, occurrence probability, and criticality. The FMEA outputs include weaknesses identified, most likely failure modes, and hazardous conditions. Corrective actions are then recommended to address failures.

Uploaded by

Vijay Bhure
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

2.3.

2 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis

Failure Modes and Effects


Analysis
A procedure for evaluating the various
aspects of a system in order to “identify
all catastrophic and critical failure
possibilities so that they can be eliminated
or minimized through design correction at
the earliest possible time.”
[MIL-STD-1629A, 1980]

The purpose of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is to determine the parts that are
most likely to fail in an assembly. FMEA begins with the basic components of the system and
determines how each may lead to a failure in the system. Every possible failure and every part is
considered under FMEA. FMEA not only considers the possibility of failure for a given part but
also its significance with regard to the entire system. Once all possible failures have been
identified, they are ranked and given a Risk Priority Number (RPN) and a corrective action is
suggested.

FMEA Procedure
• Define the system and its performance requirements
• State all assumptions and ground rules that will be used
in the analysis
• Develop block diagrams of the system and identify
possible failure modes.[i.e., breaking, cracking, leaking,
etc.]
• Identify cause of each failure mode
• Determine impact of every possible failure mode on the
operation of affected items, items of subsequent
assemblies, and the total system.
FMEA Procedure

• List the possible symptoms of all failures and the means


used to detect the failure.
• Assign a severity ranking to each failure mode.
• Assign an occurrence ranking to each failure mode [i.e.,
estimate of the probability of the failure cause actually
happening].
• For each potential failure mode, perform a criticality
analysis.
• Evaluate and recommend any corrective actions and
improvements to the design.

FMEA EXAMPLE
NO YES
DOES THE HARDWARE ITEM BEING
ANALYZED HAVE REDUNDANCY?

WILL WILL
FAILURE FAILURE OF THE
YES YES
RESULT IN CRIT1 FIRST HARDWARE ITEM
RESULT IN LOSS
LOSS OF
OF LIFE?
LIFE?

NO NO

WILL WILL FAILURE OF THE FIRST


FAILURE YES YES HARDWARE RESULT IN LOSS
RESULT IN CRIT2 OF MISSION OR WILL NEXT
FAILURE OF REDUNDANT
LOSS OF ITEM RESULT IN LOSS OF LIFE
MISSION? OR VEHICLE?

NO NO
CRIT3
FMEA EXAMPLE
CRITICALITY POTENTIAL EFFECT OF FAILURE

1 SINGLE FAILURE WHICH COULD RESULT IN LOSS OF


LIFE OR VEHICLE

1R REDUNDANT HARDWARE ITEM(S). ALL OF WHICH, IF


FAILED, COULD CAUSE LOSS OF LIFE OR VEHICLE.

2 SINGLE FAILURE WHICH WOULD RESULT IN LOSS OF


MISSION.

2R REDUNDANT HARDWARE ITEM(S), ALL OF WHICH IF


FAILED, COULD CAUSE LOSS OF MISSION.

3 ALL OTHERS.

Outputs of FMEA

• Identification of any design weaknesses.


• Identification of failure modes that are most
likely to cause failure of the product during
operation.
• Identification of failure modes that could lead to
hazardous conditions.
• Identification of the product times that are most
likely to fail.
FMEA EXAMPLE
FAILURE OF
TOP
PROJECTOR
EVENT

SWITCH LAMP FAN PART

STUCK STUCK GLASS FILAMENT BEARINGS WINDINGS


OPEN CLOSED DISPLACED FREEZE OPEN
BREAKS

SHORT BELT FAILURE


TO OPEN
GROUND FILAMENT BREAKS MODE

(Sources: An Overview of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, by Jeff Lacky, MIL-STD 1629,
Rev. A, 1980, pp. A1-A57, and NASA Document NSTS22206, Rev. C., 1989)

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