The Philippine Local Government

System and the Local Government

Code

Assistant Ombudsman Leilanie Bernadette C. Cabras

 The administrative system of the Republic of the
Philippines is comprised of a central government and
its territorial and political subdivisions, which enjoy
local autonomy: the provinces, cities, municipalities
and barangays
 The lowest political unit in the Philippines is
the barangay (village).
 The barangay is administered by a council headed
by a punong barangay (chairperson).
 Several barangays make up a city or municipality
Type Head/local Chief Number
Executive
Province Governor 80
Municipality Mayor 1,494
City Mayor 140
Barangay Barangay Chairman 42,027
/Barangay Captain
 LGUs act as agents of State for the government of the
territory & the inhabitants within the LGs limits
 Act in similar category as a business corporation in the
administration of local affairs beyond the sphere of
public purposes for which government powers are
vested like in managing public markets & cemeteries
 Local Government Unit – body politic and corporate
one endowed with powers as a political subdivision of
the National Government and as a corporate entity
representing the inhabitants of its territory, and an
agent of the national government.
Seven (7) areas of concern of
an LGU

 Local Legislation
 Local Fiscal Administration
 Local Development Plan
 Economic Enterprise Development
 Organizational Management
 Environmental Protection and Management
 Community Mobilization
Relevant Constitutional
Provisions
Sec. 2. Declaration of Policy. – the territorial & political
subdivisions of the State shall enjoy genuine and
meaningful local autonomy to enable them to attain
their fullest development as self-reliant communities &
make them more effective partners in the attainment
of national goals; provide a more responsive and
accountable local government structure instituted
through a system of decentralization whereby LGUs
shall be given more powers, authority, responsibilities,
and resources.
LGUs Role in Development

(c) national agencies and offices are required to

conduct periodic consultations with appropriate LGUs,
NGOs,& POs before any project or program is
implemented
(g) capabilities of LGUs, especially municipalities &
barangays, shall be enhanced thru active
participation in the implementation of national
programs & projects.
LGUs Role in Development

i) LGUs shall share with the

(

national governmnent the

responsibility in managing
& maintaining ecological
balance within their
territorial jurisdiction
Features of
the Local Government Code

 Devolves to LGUs the responsibility for delivery of basic

services that have always belonged to the national
government
 Grants LGs significant regulatory powers that
traditionally always belonged to the national
government agencies
 Significantly increases the financial resources available
to LGUs thru increased IRA
 Recognizes & encourages the active participation of
the private sector, NGOs, & POs in the process of
governance
LGUs Role in Development

Sec. 16. General Welfare. – LGUs shall ensure and support

preservation & enrichment of culture, promote health
& safety, enhance right of people to a balanced
ecology, encourage & support dev’t of appropriate &
self-reliant scientific & technological capabilities,
improve economic prosperity & social justice, promote
full employment among residents, maintain peace &
order, & preserve the comfort & convenience of
inhabitants.
LGUs Role in Development

Sec. 17. Basic Services & Facilities. – LGUs shall discharge

the functions & responsibilities of national agencies &
offices devolved to them; exercise powers &
discharge functions & responsibilities incidental to
efficient & effective provision of the basic services and
facilities enumerated
 Devolved Basic Services
 Agriculture
 Health
 Social services
 Environment & natural resources
 Public works
 Tourism
 School building program
Structure, Powers & Functions

Sec. 3, Art. X of the 1987 Constitution:

- The Congress shall enact a local government code
which shall provide for a more responsive and
accountable local government structure instituted
through a system of decentralization with effective
mechanisms of recall, initiative, and referendum,
allocate among the different local government units
their powers, responsibilities, and resources, and
provide for the qualification, election, appointment or
removal, term, salaries, powers and functions and
duties of local officials and all other matters relating to
the organization and operation of the local units.
Structure, Powers &
Functions
 Sec. 4 of 1991 LGC. Scope of Application. – This Code
shall apply to all provinces, cities, municipalities,
barangays, and other political subdivisions as may be
created by law, and, to the extent herein provided, to
officials, offices, or agencies of the national
government
 Cities shall be governed by their charters as long as
the charters are not inconsistent with 1991 LGC . (Sec.
534(f))
Two-fold purpose of LGs:
Dual Agency
 Political & Corporate Nature: (Sec. 15)

To serve as an agency or

instrumentality of the state in
carrying on the functions of
government which the state
cannot conveniently exercise
To act as an agency of the
inhabitants of the community
Two-fold Character of LGs:
Governmental & Private
 Act as agents of State for the government of the
territory & the inhabitants within the LGs limits
 Act in similar category as a business corporation in the
administration of local affairs beyond the sphere of
public purposes for which government powers are
vested like in managing public markets & cemeteries
Regulatory Powers
 Power to generate & apply resources
 Power of eminent domain
 Power to reclassify agricultural lands (not under CARP): 15% for
HUC & Independent Component Cities; 10% for Component
Cities & 1st to 3rd Class Municipalities; 5% for 4th to 6th Class
Municipalities
 Power to close & open roads
 Inspection of food products
 Adoption of quarantine regulations
 Enforcement of National Building Code
 Regulation and operation of tricycles
 Regulation of real estate trade and business
 Licensing of cockpits & regulation of cockfighting
Corporate Powers

 To have continuous succession in its corporate name

 To sue & be sued
 To have and use a corporate seal
 To acquire and convey real or personal property
 To enter into contracts
 To exercise other powers granted to corporations
subject to limitations in Code & other laws
Types of LGUs under the
1987 Constitution
Sec. 1, Art. X:

The territorial and political

subdivisions of the Republic of
the Philippines are the
provinces, cities,
municipalities, and barangays.
There shall be autonomous
regions in Muslim Mindanao
and the Cordilleras as herein
provided.
Types of LGUs

 Autonomous Regions – 2 regions were pre-identified

but only one is existing
 Provinces – composed of clusters of municipalities or
municipalities and component cities
 Cities – component (independent & dependent) and
highly urbanized
 Municipalities – composed of barangays
 Barangays – basic political unit
Special Type of LGU

Sec. 11, Art. X, 1987 Constitution:

 The Congress may, by law, create special metropolitan
political subdivisions, subject to a plebiscite as set forth in
Section 10 hereof, The component cities and
municipalities shall retain their basic autonomy and shall
be entitled to their own local executives and legislative
assemblies. The jurisdiction of the metropolitan authority
that will thereby be created shall be limited to basic
services requiring coordination; PD 824(MMC, 4/76), EO
392(MMA,1/9/90, RA 7924(MMDA, 2/95)
LGU Creation Criteria

Type Land Area Population Income (in Sq.

Km) (not less than) (not less than)
Province at least 2,000 250,000 20 M
City at least 100 150,000 20 M
HUC 200,000 50 M
Municipality at least 50 25,000 2.5 M
Barangay identified by 2,000(outside MM)
Metes & bounds 5,000 (MM)
Or more or less
Permanent natural
Boundaries
 Local government units are created on the basis of
income, population and land area
 They may be divided, merged or abolished due to the
same criteria
 Before any LGU is created, abolished, divided or
merged there is a plebiscite requirement to fulfill
Branches/Composition of
LGUs
 Executive Branch – composed of Provincial Governors,
City and Municipal Mayors, and Punong Barangays.
Called local chief executives (LCEs), they exercise
executive powers
 Legislative Branch – serves as lawmaking &
consultative body; Sangguniang Panlalawigan for the
province; Sangguniang Panlungsod for the city;
Sanguniang Bayan for the municipality; and
Sangguniang Pambarangay for the barangay
Sanggunian Composition

 Presiding Officer – Vice Governor for the province;

Vice Mayor for the city & municipality; and Punong
Barangay for the barangay; vote only to break a tie
 In his absence, members present may elect from
among themselves a temporary presiding officer
 Other positions include the secretary, sgt-at- arms &
committee chairmen (health & sanitation, education,
taxation, tourism, agriculture, etc.)
Elective Officials Common
to all Provinces
 Governor
 Vice Governor
 Sangguniang Panlalawigan:
 Presiding officer
 Regular members determined by class of unit
 President of the Liga ng mga Barangay
 President of Sangguniang Kabataan Federation
 President of the Federation of Sangggunian Members
 3 Sectoral representatives: women, agricultural or
industrial workers, and 1 from other sectors(urban poor,
indigent cultural communities, or disabled)
Elective Officials Common
to all Cities & Municipalities
 Mayor
 Vice Mayor
 Sangguniang Panlungsod/Bayan:
 Presiding officer
 Regular members of the Sanggunian
 President of the Liga ng mga Barangay
 President of the Sangguniang Kabataan Federation
 3 Sectoral representatives: women, agricultural or
industrial workers, and one from other sectors(urban
poor, indigenous cultural communities or disabled)
Officials Common to all
Barangays
 Punong Barangay
 7 Sanggunian Members
 Sangguniang Kabataan Chairman
 Barangay Secretary
 Barangay Treasurer
Compensation of Elective
Officials
Governor - SG 30
Vice Governor - SG 28
City Mayor - SG 30
City Vice Mayor - SG 28(HUC),
SG 26(component city)
Mun. Mayor - SG 27
Mun. Vice Mayor - SG 25
SP (province) - SG 27
SP (city) - SG 27(HUC) SG
25(component city)
SB member - SG 24
Compensation of Barangay
Officials
 Honoraria, allowances & other emoluments authorized
by law or barangay, municipal or city ordinance in
accordance with Code
 Not less than 1,000 pesos/month for PB & 600
pesos/month for sanggunian members, secretary &
treasurer
 Christmas bonus of not less than 1,000 pesos
Compensation of Barangay
Officials
 Free medical and hospital care but not to exceed
5,000 pesos in case of extreme urgency
 Free tuition and matriculation fees for legitimate
dependents in state colleges/universities
 Insurance coverage which includes tanods & brigade
members not exceeding 20 per barangay
Powers of the LCEs

 Execute all applicable laws & ordinances within

territorial jurisdiction
 Appointing authority
 Supervisory authority over executive officials of unit
 Issuance of executive orders
 Police power
 Visitorial power
 Issuance of permits
 Difference: mayors can solemnize marriage
 Powers of the Sanggunians
 Approve ordinances & pass resolutions necessary for effective &
efficient local government
 Generate & maximize use of resources & revenues for development
plans, program objectives & priorities of the local government
- enact annual/supplemental appropriations; appropriate funds for
specific programs, projects, services & activities
- enact ordinances levying taxes, fees & charges; grant tax
exemptions, incentives & reliefs
Approval of Ordinances

 LCE may veto in writing any ordinance on the ground

that it is prejudicial to public welfare
 Veto action must be communicated by LCE within 15
days (province) and 10 days (city or municipality),
otherwise, it is deemed approved
 Sanggunian may override veto with 2/3 vote of all
members
Approval of Ordinances

 LCE, except PB, has power to veto any particular item

or items of appropriation ordinance, local
development plan & public investment program
ordinance or ordinance directing the payment of
money or creating liability but shall not affect the
other items
 Within 3 days the Sanggunian Secretary shall transmit
to the Sangguniang Panlalawigan for review an
ordinance to determine its consistency & validity.
Issues & Concerns in
Decentralization
 Perception that devolution will simply increase the
powers of local bosses & warlords further entrenching
them
 “absorptive capacities of LGUS:” Are they adequately
prepared to assume the increased responsibilities and
exercise the powers devolved to them?
Issues & Concerns

 Resistance of certain devolved agencies to

devolution & subsequent moves to recentralize the
health sector
 Unequal distribution of financial resources (IRA) due to
not-so studied formula with cities gaining a windfall
while municipalities & provinces are not able to afford
the cost of devolution
Issues & Concerns

 “lags” in the release of IRA

 Lack of guidelines from NGs in operationalizing
devolution
 Continuing need to define & clarify intergovernmental
relations
 Hesitance among NGOs & POs to participate in local
governance due to continuing distrust between
government & non-government sectors
 General lack of information about the Code among
various stakeholders
Issues & Concerns

 Do NGOs have the capabilities to assume increased

responsibilities in local governance within the
framework of the Code
 Need to monitor “people empowerment provisions”;
harmonize GO-NGO relations & clarify & delineate
Intra-NGO relations
 40-60 share in national revenues equivalent only to
14% of national budget
 45-55 personnel services limitation
Organization Structure & Staffing Pattern
of LGs

 Every LGU shall design & implement its own organizational structure &
staffing pattern taking into consideration its service requirements &
financial capability, subject to the minimum standards & guidelines
prescribed by the Civil Service Commission (Sec. 76)
CSC Guidelines (MC #19, s.
‘92)
 Appropriate organizational structure & staffing pattern
shall be determined & established in accordance with
Section 17(Basic Services & Facilities) of the Code &
priority needs identified by the LCE, Sanggunian &/or
LDC; within the financial capability of LGUs taking into
consideration the budgetary limitations in Sec. 325
Appointive Officials
(Province)
 Mandatory: Secretary, Treasurer, Assessor,
Accountant, Engineer, Budget Officer, Planning &
Development Coordinator, Legal Officer,
Administrator, Health Officer, Social Welfare &
Development Officer, General Services Officer,
Agriculturist, Veterinarian
 Optional: Population Officer, ENRO, Cooperatives
Officer, Architect, Information Officer
Appointive Officials (City)

 Mandatory: Secretary, Treasurer, Assessor,

Accountant, Engineer, Budget Officer, Planning &
Development Coordinator, Legal Officer,
Administrator, Health Officer, Civil Registrar,
Veterinarian, Social Welfare & Development Officer,
General Services Officer
 Optional: Architect, Information Officer, Agriculturist,
Population Officer, ENRO, Cooperatives Officer
Appointive Officials
(Municipality)
 Mandatory: Secretary, Treasurer, Assessor,
Accountant, Engineer, Budget Officer, Planning &
Development Coordinator, Health Officer, Civil
Registrar
 Optional: Administrator, Legal Officer, Agriculturist,
ENRO, Social Welfare & Development Officer,
Architect, Information Officer
Appointive Officials
(Barangay)
 Mandatory: Secretary, Treasurer, Lupong
Tagapamayapa
 Optional: Community Brigade
Guidelines on
Organizational Structure
 LGUs may create optional positions provided all
mandatory positions were created in accordance
with budgetary limitations
 Tenure of Administrator, Information Officer & Legal
Officer shall be co-terminus with LCE
 May create other offices & positions provided that
mandatory positions have been created & subject to
budgetary limitations
Guidelines....

 Heads of departments and offices shall be appointed

by the LCE with the concurrence of majority of all
members of Sanggunian subject to civil service law,
rules and regulations
 Qualification requirements provided in the Code shall
be applied; no substitution for deficiency in education
and/or experience shall be allowed
Guidelines...

 Structural Units of an Office:

 Section = lowest structural unit/level composed of at
least 3 personnel
 Division = second highest structural unit/level composed
of at least 2 sections
 Department = highest structural unit/level composed of
at least 4 divisions
Human Resources
Management
 LCE shall be responsible for human resources &
development in his unit & shall take all personnel
actions in accordance with the Constitutional
provisions on civil service, pertinent laws, and rules &
regulations thereon, including such policies, guidelines
& standards as the CSC may establish
Identified Appointing
Authorities in LGs

Local Chief Executive

Vice Governor/Vice
Mayor
Finance Secretary
Limitation on Appointments

No person shall be appointed

in the career service of the
local government if he is
related within the fourth civil
degree of consanguinity or
affinity to the appointing or
recommending authority
Public Notice of Vacancy

Post notices of vacancy in

at least 3 conspicuous
public places in the local
government unit
concerned for a period of
not less than fifteen (15)
days
Personnel Selection Board

 Assist LCE in judicious & objective selection of

personnel for employment & promotion & in
formulation of employee welfare policies
 Chairman & members named thru a Sanggunian
resolution; also identified in agency’s Merit
Selection/Promotion Plan
Compensation

 Determined by Sanggunian concerned

 Increase in compensation of elective officials takes
effect after the term of office of approving officials
expired
 Increases shall not exceed budgetary limitations
 In accord with SSL
 Elective officials are entitled to same leave privileges
including cumulation & commutation
Resignation of Elective
Officials
 Deemed effective upon acceptance by:
 President = for governors, vice governors, & mayors &
vice mayors of HUCs & independent component cities
 Governor = for municipal mayors & municipal vice
mayors, & city mayors & city vice mayors of component
citys
 Sanggunian concerned – for sanggunian members
 City or municipal mayor = for barangay officials
Practice of Profession

 Governors & mayors are prohibited from practising

their profession or engaging in any other occupation
other than the exercise of their functions as LCEs
 Sanggunian members may practise their professions,
engage in any occupation, or teach in schools except
during session hours
 Doctors of medicine may practise their profession
even during official hours of work only during
emergencies but must not derive monetary
compensation therefrom
Prohibitions

 Prohibited & pecuniary interest; prohibitions under RA

6713 (Code of Conduct & Ethical Standards for Public
Officials & Employees)
 Partisan political activity
 Appointment or designation in any capacity to any
public office or position during his tenure unless
allowed by law or by primary functions of position
 Appointment within one year after losing in an
election
 Additional or double compensation
Permission to Leave Station

 Appointive officials going on official travel shall seek

permission from LCE before departure to be acted
upon within 4 days from receipt
 Mayors of component cities & municipalities shall
secure permission from governor
 LG officials travelling abroad shall notify Sanggunian;
more than 3 months travel require Presidential
approval
 Field officers of NGAs shall provide notice to LCE prior
to leaving station indicating duration of travel & OIC
Annual Report

 LCEs shall submit an annual report to Sanggunian on

or before March 31 of each year on socio-economic,
political and peace and order conditions, and other
matters concerning LGU covering immediately
preceding calendar year.
 Copy of report furnished the DILG; component cities &
municipalities shall also furnish copy to Sangguniang
Panlalawigan
Local Fiscal Administration

 Fundamental Principles:
 No money shall be paid out of local treasury without an
appropriation ordinance or law
 LG funds & monies shall be spent solely for public
purposes
 Local revenue generated only from sources authorized
by law or ordinance, & collection must be
acknowledged properly
 Monies officially received in any capacity or occasion
shall be accounted as local funds, unless otherwise
provided by law
Fiscal Admin. Fundamental
Principles
 Trust funds in local treasury shall not be paid out
except in fulfillment of purpose for which trust was
created or funds received
 Accountable officers must be properly bonded
 LGs shall formulate sound financial plans, & local
budgets shall be based on functions, activities, &
projects, in terms of expected results
Fiscal Admin. Fundamental
Principles
 Budget plans shall be harmonized with national
development plans, goals & strategies to optimize
resource utilization & avoid duplication in use of fiscal
& physical resources
 Budgets shall operationalize approved local
development plans
 LGUs shall ensure budgets incorporate requirements of
component units equitably
Fiscal Admin. Fundamental
Principles
 National planning shall be based on local planning to
ensure consideration of local needs & aspirations
 Fiscal responsibility shall be shared by all those
exercising authority over financial affairs, transactions,
& operations of LGUs
 LGUs shall endeavor to have a balanced budget in
each fiscal year
Resource Generation &
Allocation
Sources of Revenue:
Local generated: business
tax & other local taxes; real
property tax
Externally sourced: share in
BIR collections (IRA); share
in proceeds from national
wealth
IRA Distribution

Provinces = 23%
Cities = 23%
Municipalities = 34%
Barangays = 20%
Allocation Formula

 For Province/City/Municipality
 Population = 50%
 Land Area = 25%
 Equal Sharing = 25%

Barangays with at least 100 inhabitants shall receive a

minimum of 80,000 pesos per year
Share in Proceeds from
National Wealth
 40% of gross collections of preceding FY from the
following:
 Mining taxes
 Royalties
 Forestry & fishery charges
 Share of NG from any co-production, joint venture or
production sharing agreement
Share in Proceeds of GOCCs

1% of gross sales or receipts

of preceding fiscal year; or
40% of taxes, fees or
charges that such GOCC
would have paid if not tax
exempt; whichever is higher
Distribution Formula

 National wealth located in a Province

 Province = 20%
 Component city/municipality = 45%
 Barangays = 35%
 National wealth located in two or more LGUs
 Population = 70%
 Land Area = 30%
Budgetary Limitations (Sec.
325)
 45-55% limitation on personnel services
 No salary rate higher than maximum fixed for position
 No appropriations for salary increase of NGA officials &
employees
 Abolition & creation of positions must be in
accordance with Code & CS law, rules & regulations
Budgetary Limitations

 Occupied plantilla positions (career) must be covered

by adequate appropriations
 No reclassification of positions except when position is
vacant
 Creation of new positions & salary increases or
adjustments shall not be retroactive
 LCE discretionary fund shall be limited to 2% of real
property tax in preceding calendar year
Review of Appropriation
Ordinances
 DBM for Provinces, HUCs, Independent Component
Cities, & Municipalities within the Metro Manila Area
 Sangguniang Panlalawigan for Component Cities &
Municipalities
Intergovernmental Relations

 NG & LGUs
 President exercises general supervision over LGUs to
ensure compliance with prescribed powers & functions
 Coordination of NGAs with each other & with LGUs prior
to project implementation
 Provision for financial, technical or other forms of
assistance to LGUs without extra cost
 Submission of monthly reports to LCEs by NGA field units
 Duty of NGAs to maintain local ecological balance
 Prior consultations & Sanggunian approval required prior
to project or program implementation
Relations with PNP

 LCE extent of operational supervision and control over

police force, fire protection unit, & jail management
personnel shall be governed by the provisions of RA
6975 or the DILG Act of 1990 & its implementing rules &
regulations
LCE Powers re: PNP

 Power to direct, superintend, oversee daily functions

of police investigation of crime, crime prevention
activities, & traffic control
 Power to direct employment & deployment of PNP
units or elements thru station commander to ensure
public safety & effective maintenance of peace &
order
 Authority to choose chief of police from list of 5
eligibles or recommend recall/reassign chief of police
LCE Powers re: PNP

 Authority to recommend transfer, reassignment or

detail of PNP members outside LGU
 Authority to recommend appointment of new
members of PNP from a list of eligibles for assignment
to LGU
 Control & supervision of anti-gambling operations
 Automatic deputation of LCEs as Commission
representatives
Inter-Local Government
Relations
 Province thru governor shall ensure every component
city & municipality acts within prescribed powers &
functions; HUCs & independent component cities are
independent of the province
 Governors review executive orders of mayors of
component cities & municipalities; city & municipal
mayors review EOs of PBs
Inter-Local Government
Relations
 Municipal government may secure opinion of
provincial legal officer or provincial prosecutor on any
legal question
 City or municipal LCE exercises general supervision
over component barangays to ensure compliance
with prescribed powers & functions
 Cooperative undertakings among LGUs
Relations with POs & NGOs

 Promote establishment & operation of POs & NGOs as

active partners in autonomy pursuit
 Enter into joint ventures/cooperative arrangements
with POs &NGOs in delivery of basic services,
capability building & livelihood
projects, & develop local enterprises to improve
productivity & income, diversify agriculture, spur rural
industrialization, promote ecological balance, &
enhance economic & social aspects
Assistance to POs & NGOs

LCEs with concurrence of

Sanggunian shall provide
assistance, financial or
otherwise, to POs & NGOs
for economic, socially-
oriented, environmental,
or cultural projects to be
implemented
Local Special Bodies

 Local Prequalification, Bids & Awards Committee

 Local School Board
 Local Health Board
 Local Development Council
 Local Peace & Order Council
 People’s Law Enforcement Board
Local Prequalification, Bids &
Awards Committee
 Conduct prequalification of contractors, bidding,
evaluation of bids, & recommendation of awards
concerning local infrastructure projects
 Composition: LCE as chairman; Sanggunian
appropriations committee chairman, Sanggunian
minority representative, treasurer, 2 NGO
representatives, practicing CPA, & COA
representative as observer
Local School Board (LSB)

 Determine supplemental budget for public schools

from real property special levy share (SEF)
 Authorize disbursement of SEF
 Advise Sanggunian on education matters
 Recommend changes in public school names
 Consulted by DepEd on appointments of
Superintendents, supervisors, principals & other school
officials
LSB Composition

 LCE & Division Superintendent/District Supervisor as co-

chairmen
 Sanggunian Education Committee chairman
 Treasurer
 SK Federation President
 President of PTA Federation
 Public Schools Non-Academic personnel
representative
Local Health Board (LHB)

 Propose to Sanggunian annual budgetary allocations

for operation & maintenance of health facilities &
services within locality
 Advise Sanggunian on health matters
 Create committees to advise local health agencies
on personnel selection & promotion, bids & awards,
grievances & complaints, personnel discipline, budget
review, operations review & other similar functions
LHB Composition

 LCE as chairman
 Local Health Officer as vice chairman
 Sanggunian Health Committee chairman
 PO or NGO representative
 DOH representative
Local Development Council
(LDC)
 Formulate long-term, medium-term & annual socio-
economic development plans & policies
 Formulate medium-term & annual public investment
plan
 Formulate local investment incentives to promote
inflow & direction of private investment capital
 Coordinate, monitor & evaluate implementation of
development programs & projects
LDC Composition

 Barangay:
 Punong Barangay as chairman
 Members of the Sangguniang Barangay
 NGO representatives who shall constitute ¼ of the
members of the fully organized council
 Representative of the congressman
LDC Composition

 City or Municipality:
 LCE as chairman
 All PBs of the city or municipality
 Chairman of the Sanggunian Committee on
Appropriations
 Congressman or his representative
 NGO representatives who shall constitute ¼ of the
members of the fully organized council
LDC Composition

 Province:
 Governor as chairman
 All mayors of component cities & municipalities
 Chairman of the Sanggunian Committee on
Appropriations
 Congressman or his representative
 NGO representatives who shall constitute ¼ of the
members of the fully organized council
Relation of LDC to
Sanggunian & RDC
 LDC proposals shall be submitted to Sanggunian for
appropriate action; approved local development
plans may be integrated with development plans of
next higher level LDC
 Approved development plans of Provinces, HUCs &
Independent Component Cities shall be submitted to
RDC for integration to regional development plan
Local Peace & Order
Council (LPOC)

The composition and

functions of the provincial,
city & municipal peace &
order councils shall be
governed by the
provisions of EO 309, s.
1988, as amended.
LPOC Functions

 Formulate plans & recommend measures to

improve/enhance peace & order & public safety
 Monitor implementation of peace & order programs &
projects & operation of Civilian Volunteer Self-Defense
Organizations & other counter-insurgency
programs/activities
 Make periodic assessments or peace & order situation
& submit recommendations to NPOC
 Receive complaints against government personnel,
civilian or military & endorse to concerned agency
PPOC Composition

 Governor as chairman
 Vice Governor as vice chairman
 Provincial counterparts of NPOC members
 Sanggunian representative
 3 NGO representatives (academe, civic, religious,
youth, labor, legal, business & media organizations)
CPOC/MPOC composition

 Mayor as chairman
 Vice Mayor as vice chairman
 City or municipal counterparts of NPOC members
 Sanggunian representative
 3 NGO representatives
People’s Law Enforcement
Board (PLEB)
 Receive, take cognizance of or refer complaints
against officers & members of the PNP to proper
disciplining authority or adjudicatory authority within 3
days from filing of complaint
 3 members chosen by LPOC from respected members
of community with one woman & another a member
of the bar