9208 Electrica! Technology 1. A transformer transforms (a) frequency (6) volage fe) current (a) voltage and current. 2. Which of the following isnot a basic element of a uansformer ? (a) core {b) primary winding {c) secondary winding (d) muual flux. 3. In an ideal transformer, (a) windings have no resistance (b) core has no losses {) core has infinite permeability (d) all of the above. 4. Themain purpose of using core in a transformer isto (a) decrease iron losses (b) prevent eddy current loss (e) eliminate magnetic hysteresis (@) secrease reluctance of the common mag- netic circuit, 5. Transformer cores are laminated in order to (a) simplify its construction (6) minimise eddy current loss (c) reduce cost (@) reduce hysteresis loss. 6. A transformer having 1000 primary turns is connected to a 250-V ac. supply: Fora secondary voltage of 400 V, the number of secondary tums should be (a) 1600 (b) 250 (e) 400 (4) 1250 7. The primary and secondary induced e,m.fs, Ey arealways and £, in atwo-winding transformer (@) equal in magnitude ()) antiphase with each other (c)_ in-phase with each other (d) aest ce ee a wig thats! (a) voltage (b) current (c) power (d) frequency. 9. The primary and secondary windings of an ordinary 2-winding transformer always have un 1B. 14, soy ORSECTINE TESTS 5,92 overs auc (a) different number of turns (b) same size of copper wire (e) s common magnetic circuit (d) separate magnetic circuits. |. Ina transformer, the leakage flux of each wind- ing is proportional to the currentin that wincking because (a) Ohms law applies to magnetic circuits (b) leakage paths do not saturate (c) the two windings ure electrically isolated (d) mutual flux is confined to the core. Inatwo-winding transformer, the e.m.f.per tum in secondary winding is always....the induced ean.f, power tum in primary. (a) equal to K times (6) equal to VK times (©) equalto (@) greater than, In relation toa transformer, the ratio 20: | indi- cates that (a) there are 20-tums on primary one tum on secondary (b) secondary voltage is 1/20th of primary voltage (c). primary current is 20 times greater than the secondary current. (a), for every 20 turns on primary, there is one tum on secondary, In performing the short circuit test of a trans- former (a) high voltage side is usually short circuited (b) low voltage side is usually short circuited (©) any side is short circuited with preference (a) none of the above, (Elect. Machines, A.M.LE. Sec. B, 1993) ‘The equivalent resistance of the primary of a transformer having K = 5 and Ry = 0.1 ohm ‘when referred to secondary becomes......ohm. (a) OS (by 0.02 (e) 0.004 (a) 25 A transformer has negative voltage regulation ‘when its load pawer factor is (a) ero (b) unity (©) leading (d) lagzing.16. 1, 18, 19. 21. ‘The primary reason why open-circuit test is performed on the low-voltage winding of the transformer is that it (a) draws sufficiently large on-load current for convenient reading (8) requires least voltage to perform the test (€) needs minimum power input (d) involves less core loss. No-load (est on @ transformer is carried out to determine {a) copper loss {c) magnetising current and no-load loss: (d) efficiency of the transformer. ‘The main purpose of performing open-circuit test on a transformer is to measure its (a) Cu loss (8) core loss (e) total loss (d) insulation resistance, During short-circuit test, the iron loss of a transformers negligible because (a) the entire input is just sufficient to meet Cu losses only (6) ux produced is a small fraction of the nor- mal flux fc) iron core becomes fully saturated (qd) Supply frequency is held constant, ‘The irom Joss of a transformer at 400 Hz is 10 W. Assuming that eddy current and hysteresis Josses vary as the square of flux density, the iron loss of the transformer at rated voltage but at 50 Hz would be....... watt. (a) 80 (b) 640 (©) 125 (@) 100 In operating a 400 Hz transformer at $0 Hz {a) only voltage is reduced in the same propor- tion as the frequency only KVA rating is reduced in the same pra portion as the frequency both voltage and RVA rating are reduced in the same proportion as the frequency (d) none of the above. ‘The voltage applied to the hy. side of a trans- former during short-circuit testis 2% ofits rated voltage, ‘The core loss will percent of the rated core loss. (a4 (e) 0.25 () Ca) (b) 04 (d) 0.04 25. 2. 30. Transformer 1209 ‘Transformers are rated in kVA instead of kW because (a) load power factor is often not known, (8) KYA is fixed whereas kW depends on load pe (c) total transformer loss depends on volt- ampere (d) thas become customary, When a 400-Hz transformer is operated at 50 Hz its kVA ratingis (a) raduced to 1/8 (b) increased 8 times (e) unaffected (d)_ increased 64 times, Atrrelatively light loads, transformer efficiency is low because (a) secondary output is low (b) transformer losses are high (e)_ fixed loss is high in proportion to the output (d) Cu loss is small. A.200-kVA transformer has an iron loss of | KW and full-load Cu loss of 2kW. Its load KVA cor responding to maximum efficiency is... KYA. (a) 100 (by) 141.4 {c) 50, (dy 200 Lf Cu loss of a transformer at 7/Sth full load is 4900 W, then its full-load Cu loss would be (by 6800 (dy 429 (e) 375 ‘The ordinary efficiency of a given transforier is maximum when (a) itrans at half full-load (b) itruns at full-load, (6) its Cu Joss equals iron loss (@) itruns slightly overload. ‘The output current corresponding to maximum efficiency for a transformer having core loss of 100 W and equivalent resistance referred to secondary of 0.25 is ....... ampere. (ay 20 (by 25 (©) 5 (dy) 400, ‘The maximum efficiency of a 100-kVA trans- farmer having iron loss of 900 kW and FL, Cu oss of 1600 W occurs at nn. RVA. (a) 363 (by 133.3 () 15 (a W7771210 Electrical Technology 31. The allay efficiency of a transformer depends primarily on (a) its copper loss (b) the amount of load (e) the duration of load (d) both (6) and (c). 32, The marked increase in kVA capacity produced by connecting a 2. winding transformer as an autotransfomer is due 10 (a) increase in tur ratio (b) increase in secondary voltage (c) increase in transformer efficiency (d) establishment of conductive link between ‘An autotransformer having a transformation ratio of 08 supplies a load of 3 kW. ‘The power transferred conductively from: primary 10 sevondary is.....kW. (a) 0.6 (6) 24 (o) LS (027 ‘The essential condition for parallel opearation of two 1-6 transformers is that they should have the same (@) polarity (b) kVA rating (©) voltage ratio (a), percentage impedance, primary and secondary, 37. If the impediines triangles of two teinsformers 33. The kVA rating of an ordinary 2-winding ‘operating in parallel are not identical in shape and transformer is increased When connected as ait size, the two transformers will autotransformer because (a) shure the load unequally (a) transformation ratio is increased (b) getheates! unequally (b) secondary voltage is increased (e} have a circulatory secondary current even (0) energy is transferred both inductively and when thlonded comductivhy : (d) run with different power factors. (a) secondary-current is increased: 38. Two transformers A and B having ¢qual outputs 3M. The’ saving in Cw achieved by converting a and voltage ratios but unequal percentage 2-winding transformer into an autotransformer impedances of 4 and 2 are operating in parallel isdetermined by ‘Transformer A will be running aver-toad by... (a) voltagetransformation ratio perceb (b) load on the secondary: (a) 50 (b) 66 (c) magnetic quality of core material (33 a (d) size of the transformer core. Ld 2d Bd 4d°Sb 6a %c Ba Re WS Wc 12d 1b 1d Ic Mia 17.c 18. b 19.6 206 Mb 22.d 23.c Ma 2.c 26.6 27.b W.c Wa Wc Mid Id I.c Mea 35.b 36a 37d 3B.