LITERATURE REVIEW

SUBMITTED BY GROUP 8

PRIYA SINGAL (02)

MEGHA DESHWAL (09)

KRITIKA KUKREJA (11)

VANSHIKA SACHDEVA (12)

MANDEEP KAUR (31)

What is a smart city?

The term smart city is the city that employs digital technology to improve municipal management, governance
or long-range design and planning.

The smart city concept originally aimed at dealing with various urban problems, in particular,

those related to the urban environment and infrastructure, such as modelling transport flow

in a city. As it developed, the concept is now widely used to accelerate the process of urban

management by using IT technology and by the availability of big data.

The idea of the smart city evolved in an attempt to save the earth and human health. It is an

idea or concept people had hoped would be able to solve urban problems while considering

the environment.

OBJECTIVE – To promote cities that provide core infrastructure and give a decent quality of life to it’scitizens ,
a clean and a sustainable and application of smart solutions.

Parameters of smart cities:

 Adequate Water supply

 Assured electric supply
 Sanitation including solid waste management
 Efficient urban mobility and public transport
 Affordable housing specially for the poor
 Robust it connectivity and digitalization
 Good governance especially E- Governance and citizen participation

Our major concern related to a smart city is fundamentally confined to introduction of green spaces in a city
design . green spaces are the need of the hour which must be introduced in order to increase the quality of life
in smart cities.

Cities need to have green spaces in order to improve the living condition for it’susers.Green spaces are also
perceived as a luxury instead of a necessity . This practice can commonly be seen in rural areas as these
spaces are under-prioritized In comparison to other demands and needs of the people. Another concern being
that urban areas and urban development are usually valued more than green spaces and this is only due to the
fact that urban development have a monetary vale and hence emotional values are completely ignored.
(Also people are now becoming more technology oriented and hence they are unknowingly sacrificing the
quality of life .) everything is present at the click of a button. Technology has surely made life simple yet the
emotions and impact that green spaces create on a human life cannot be replaced by any technology and
humans cannot do without eliminating such spaces.

Benefits of the green spaces thus exploredwere :

1. Leisure and recreation are form of social benefits of green spaces.

2. Green spaces also have great impacts on the psychology of humans as it adds on to the health and
well beingalso overall sustainability.
3. Aesthetic value and qualitative living environments are a way of measuring social benefits.
4. Green spaces also reduce pollution and improves the quality of air and also provides a platform for
people to interact and results in community cohesion.
5. It also has a positive social impact on children.
6. Microclimate of the space can also be maintained using green spaces. .
7. The greatest environmental benefit of green spaces is the huge impact on biodiversity and providing
refuge for the species that are disappearing from urban area.
8. Values for the properties which incorporates green spaces have economic benefits.

Although there are many more benefits of green spaces however these are only the significant ones which can
be noted and are touched upon in the further readings of our study.

Green spaces helps in maintaining temperature of the city, it creates recreational space and further helps in
resolving health issues and moreover it keeps individual calm.

People are migrating to cities, with the growth of population and development. In the urban growth parks are
considered as the space which is often and afterthought. This creates a chaos in the cities with higher densities
. Absence of green spaces give rise to many problems like urban heat , storm water run off and thus absence of
spaces like play area for kids and area for recreation. Many solutions are coming up to incorporate green
spaces in cities which includes green roofs , green pockets and green walls to keep individual connected with
nature. A “highline” project in new York highlights the importance of green space .The project aims to convert
the abandoned railway track into a lively space with includes seating , interactive spaces and brings people to a
common a platform to interact . This has completely transformed the image of the city.

There is a need to create a contact with nature in order to bring a change in physical and mental health of
individual and raise their work efficiency. Highlighting environmental benefits, it helps in maintaining the eco
system enhance bio diversity moreover it helps in storm water management and habitats for wild plants and
animals.

CASE STUDY

Bhutaro hospital

Hospitals usually have crowded corridors and insufficient ventilation and hence patients feel uncomfortable in
such environments and they are subjected to high risk of air borne diseases inside health facilities. particularly
highlighting rural , impoverished. The design of bhutaro aims to target mitigate and drop the transmission of
diseases through various approaches and the main approach was to connect built with nature. The design
approach eliminated interior corridors and installation of frequent air exchangers which was a key feature that
helps in reducing transmission of various prevalent diseases. Elimination of interior corridors allowed
installation of window on exterior façade which connected every bed to directly connect with the external
environment which had a great impact on the health of an individual and lead to improvements in the
conditions of the patients.

Transformative landscapes, Singapore (bhishan ang mokio park)

The aim of project was to naturalise existing channelized river and connect the nearby residential area to the
park. The blue green infrastructure project focus on water supply and flood management. The project
transformed the utilitarian concrete channel into naturalised river which develop new spaces for the
community. The presence of residential area helped in following ABC waters which is ACTIVE BEAUTIFUL
CLEAN WATERS programme . It was an initiative by the city to develop water bodies which serves function of
drainage and water supply and further creates new spaces for community bonding and recreation. Bhishan
park is a 2.7 km drainage channel that has been converted in a sinuous. 62 hectare of park has been
redesigned which includes the dynamic river system with fluctuating water levels serving maximum benefits to
the park users . 3 play grounds, vantage point, restaurants are constructed using recycled walls of the
demolished concrete channel .The presence of green spaces now compliment natural wonder of ecologically
resorted river in the heart of the city thus bringing individual close to water and nature.

Beijing (Green roofing)

Running short of land Beijing came up with new strategy of green roofing. Now Beijing has 90 million sqm. Of
potential green roof space which includes agriculture also thus providing food (adding on economy) reduce air
pollution and further creating micro climate which brings temperature difference in the city. It was a solution
that fulfilled the need of the city, requirements of people without interfering with the human functions.