IELTS WRITING TASK 2

BEYOND BAND 8

UNDERSTANDING BAND DESCRIPTORS

Introduction to IELTS Band Descriptors
The IELTS writing is scored out of a band of 9. There are four band descriptors,
that markers use to assess your writing. Each descriptor is marked out of 9 and
then divided by 4 to get your total writing band score. These They are:
− Task Achievement
− Coherence & Cohesion
− Lexical Resource
− Grammatical Range & Accuracy

Lesson 1 - Task Achievement

Task achievement means how well you have answered the question, presented
a position and extended and supported your ideas.

To score a band 8 for this descriptor, you must:

q Answer all parts of the task
q Stay on topic
q Follow the instruction
q Present a clear and consistent position
q Tell the reader what you will tell them (thesis statement)
q Tell them (topic sentences)
q Tell the reader what you told them (conclusion)
q Provide relevant and extended ideas
q Each paragraph begins with a central idea
q Each paragraph explains that idea
q Each paragraph gives evidence/examples of that idea
q Each paragraph ends with the same central idea

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Answer all parts of the task

Task 1A) Stay on Topic

Read the essay prompt and the two paragraphs below. Which paragraph (A
or B) stays on topic?

Essay prompt:
Government investment in the arts, such as music and theatre, is a waste of
money. Governments must invest this money in public services instead.
To what extent do you agree with this statement?

Paragraph A:
I agree that governments should not waste money investing in the arts. I think
that this sector is better left to the public and non-government institutions.
There are many community groups and associations who do this, such as private
theatre groups who get their funding from wealthy patrons and consumers.
People who want to enjoy music, art and theatre, can support these initiatives.
It is not the role of the government to do so. Therefore, governments do not
need to waste public funds on such initiatives.

Paragraph B:
I agree that governments should not waste money investing in the arts. I think
that this sector is better left to the public and non-government institutions, such
as private theatre groups who get their funding from wealthy patrons and
consumers. It is the role of governments instead, to provide public services that
are essential, and that other organisations do not have jurisdiction over, such as
hospitals and public transport. Not all members of the public are consumers of
art, but everyone needs essential public services Therefore, governments should
focus their spending on these.

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 1B) Follow the instruction
Read the paragraph on the slides. Which instruction does it answer (1 or 2)?

Instruction 1
There are many ways that students are assessed on their performance.
Examinations are not a satisfactory way to do this. Discuss some of the
problems associated with continual assessment and suggest some alternative
ways to assess students’ performance.

Instruction 2
There are many ways that students are assessed on their performance.
Examinations are not a satisfactory way to do this. To what extent do you
agree or disagree with this statement?

Your Essay:
Read the prompt below and
1. underline the specific topic
2. circle the instruction

It is undeniable that the internet has changed the world. It has changed the
way we communicate with each other now compared to in the past.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of this?

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Present a clear and consistent position
Task 2A) Thesis Statement
Match the thesis statements below to the instructions. (A, B or C.

Thesis Statement Instruction (A, B or C)

1) This essay will discuss some of the
problems associated with advertising and
suggest some ways these problems can be
minimized.
2) This essay will discuss some of the harmful
strategies used by advertisers and suggest
how consumers can be more conscious of
these.
3) I agree to some extent that some
advertising methods are unethical and
unacceptable and this essay will explain why.

2B) Topic Sentences

Write two topic sentences for the following thesis statement.

Thesis statement 1: This essay will discuss some of the problems

associated with advertising and suggest some ways these problems can be
minimized.

Topic sentence 1:
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Topic sentence 2:
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2C) Summary Sentence

Write a summary sentence for your conclusion
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 YOUR ESSAY:
It is undeniable that the internet has changed the world. It has changed the
way we communicate with each other now compared to in the past. What are
the advantages and disadvantages of this?

A) Write a thesis statement

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B) Write a topic sentence for paragraph 1

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C) Write a topic sentence for paragraph 2

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D) Write a summary sentence

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Provide Relevant and Extended Ideas

3A) Body Paragraphs
Complete the paragraph by writing explanation and example sentences.

Topic Sentence: There are ethical problems with some forms of advertising.

Explanation (first problem):

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Example:
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Explanation (second problem):
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Example:
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Conclusion sentence: Although these are major problems in the advertising

industry, they are not without their solutions.

3B) Body Paragraphs

Complete the paragraph by writing a topic sentence and a conclusion
sentence.

Topic Sentence:
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Explanation: Firstly, governments can regulate the advertising industry more

strictly to adhere to certain social standard.

Example: For example, many advertisers to release ads that reinforce negative
gender roles. It can be regulated that advertisers must be more balanced in
their representation of gender roles.

Explanation: Secondly, schools should educate children about advertising

methods

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Example: The more awareness young people have, the less affected by the
negative strategies used.

Conclusion sentence:
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Task 4: Write Your Essay

Using the thesis statement, topic sentences and summary sentence you
wrote on page 4, and the paragraph structure you have practiced, write a
250-word essay addressing the following prompt:

It is undeniable that the internet has changed the world. It has changed the
way we communicate with each other now compared to in the past. What are
the advantages and disadvantages of this?

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Task Achievement Checklist
q Answer all parts of the task
q Stay on topic
q Follow the instruction
q Present a clear and consistent position
q Tell the reader what you will tell them (thesis statement)
q Tell them (topic sentences)
q Tell the reader what you told them (conclusion)
q Provide relevant and extended ideas
q Each paragraph begins with a central idea
q Each paragraph explains that idea
q Each paragraph gives evidence/examples of that idea
q Each paragraph ends with the same central idea

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 Lesson 2 - Coherence & Cohesion
Coherence
Simply, coherence means structure (paragraph and essay structure)
Essay structure:
- You must write in paragraphs
- You must include an introduction and a conclusion
Paragraph Structure
- Each paragraph should have one central idea
- Introduce the central idea
- Explain the central idea
- Give an example to illustrate the central idea
- Conclude the central idea

Task 1: Write a broad background sentence

Some people believe that longer prison sentences are the best way to
decrease crime while others believe that there are alternative ways to
decrease crime.
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Task 2: Rewrite the prompt in your own words to say the exact same
thing

Some people believe that longer prison sentences are the best way to
decrease crime while others believe that there are alternative ways to
decrease crime.

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Task 3: Reorder the introduction
Refer to the sentences in the slides. In the boxes below, reorder the
introduction
A) Many people believe that 1)
wealthier people should pay more
for fines, while others believe that
fines should be a set fee for all no
matter their economic position.
B) As well as giving my own opinion 2)
on this matter, this essay will discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of
such a system.
C) Economic disparity is a genuine 3)
issue in society and when it comes to
paying fines it can either have a
detrimental effect on the individual
or have no affect at all.

Task 4: Reorder the conclusion

Refer to the sentences in the slides. In the boxes below, reorder the
conclusion
A) This essay discussed why richer 1)
people are in a much better position
to pay a higher penalty and why this
would benefit society through tax.
B) Penalties for misdemeanours are a 2)
complex economic issue.
C) In my opinion, the government 3)
should introduce such a system to
replace our current system.

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Task 5: Reorder the paragraph
Refer to the sentences in the slides. In the boxes below, reorder the
paragraph

A) For example, this morning while 1)

walking to work I witnessed a man
stealing a bicycle who clearly did not
care that he may be imprisoned for
his act.
B) Innumerable crimes still happen 2)
every day.
C) Despite prison sentences being 3)
the strongest deterrent, we have
against criminal activity, it doesn’t
seem to work effective.
D) Clearly, the threat of 4)
imprisonment is not working to
reduce crime and the possibility of
extending prison sentences will
similarly have little impact on
criminals.

Task 6: Reorder the paragraph

Refer to the sentences in the slides. In the boxes below, reorder the
paragraph
A) For instance, a criminal might be 1)
both homeless and unemployed,
which puts them in a terrible
predicament.
B) Firstly, many criminals have major 2)
social issues that actually force them
to commit illegal activities.
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 C) Clearly the threat of longer 3)
imprisonment will not impact some
criminals because of their social or
mental problems.
D) There are two main reasons why 4)
extending prison sentences will not
lead to reduced numbers of crimes.

E) These psychological issues may 5)

be the result of drugs or they may
have been suffering from such issues
for their entire lives.
F) Another reason why the threat of 6)
extended prison sentences is not a
good deterrent is because many
delinquents have mental health
problems.

Cohesion
Cohesion means organization, or flow. Your ideas must be related to each other
and they should be logically linked with referencing and linking words.

Task 7: Flow
Complete the sentences with the correct referencing word from the textbox
below.
1. Older people are important to a society, for ________ have many things to
teach us.
2. Respect for your elders is important in many cultures. However, _______ is
slowly dying.
3. For example, on public transport, youth are supposed to vacate their seats
for their elders, but _______ is not always the case.

it this they
these who which
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 Task 8: Linking ideas (cohesive devices)
Using linking words from the textbox, rewrite the paragraph. N.B. You will
not use all of the answer options.

We can measure success by the contribution we make to our community. One

who makes an impact on the world - whether on a small scale or a large scale -
is in my opinion, successful. _________, a volunteer who works with the
homeless, or with disadvantaged children, or refugees, is impacting the lives of
others in a positive way. _________, a teacher who makes a life-long impact on
the minds, attitudes and futures of his or her students, is a success regardless
of the salary they make. _________, success is about leaving a positive impact
on the lives of others.

Furthermore, Nevertheless,

However, Therefore,

For example, Indeed,

Task 9: Essay Draft 2

Rewrite your essay for structure & flow
It is undeniable that the internet has changed the world. It has changed the
way we communicate with each other now compared to in the past. What are
the advantages and disadvantages of this?

Draft 2
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Coherence and Cohesion Checklist
q Structure
q Topic sentence
q Explanation/reason
q Example
q Conclude topic
q Flow
q Cohesive devices
q Referencing words

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 Lesson 3 - Lexical Resource
Lexical resource refers to the range and precision of your vocabulary

Range
You must use a variety of words to show the range of your vocabulary. You
should also avoid repetition, so try not to use one word more than twice per
paragraph.

You can vary your vocabulary by:

- using pronouns (it, they, we)
- changing word forms (verb à noun)
- using synonyms (words with the same/similar meaning)

Task 1: Pronouns
Replace the repeated words (bold) with the most accurate pronoun from the
textbox. Each choice can be used more than once, and not all of them will be
used.

Reading books can be both educational and entertaining. Reading is a way to

focus the mind and use the mind to think constructively as well as to escape
into a different world. However, the mind can be numbed by the internet.
Moreover, the mind can be easily distracted by fake news stories, entertainment
gossip, social media posts, online shopping. In fact, there is an endless array of
mindless distractions in the virtual maze that is the internet. People should,
therefore, spend more time reading books. People will find this a more
worthwhile way of spending their time.

It we they

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 Task 2: Word Forms
Change the following verbs into nouns
Verb à Noun
argue à
advance à
communicate à
accurate à

Task 3: Word Forms

Underline the incorrect word forms.

Climate scientists have identity danger levels of pollution in the atmospheric.

Based on the advise of these experts, some countries have successful adopted
laws reduction carbon emissions.

Task 4: Word Forms

Change the form of the highlighted verb (and make any necessary sentence
changes). You will need to rewrite the sentence.

Some university students decide to take a year between graduating and looking
for employment. They decide this based on the idea that they will gain life
experience before entering the workforce.

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 Task 5: Synonyms
Match the appropriate synonyms

Task 6: Synonyms
Choose the correct synonym for each repeated word (bold)

Mixed ability classes provide a better opportunity for children to develop both
personally and academically. In such classes, children with different skills can
gain knowledge and valuable skills from one another. For example, a student
who is academically sound, but weak in art or sport, can learn these
abilities form his or her peers, and vice versa. In this sense, mixed ability classes
allow students to develop their abilities in different subjects.

pupil strengths talents young learners environments capabilities

Task 7: Synonyms
1. Underline the repeated words
2. Replace the repeated words with appropriate synonyms

Some people propose longer prison sentences for young criminals. They say
that this will stop them from committing crimes and reduce crime in society.
However, longer prison sentences is not the answer. Instead, governments
should deal with young criminals by instituting social programs such as sports
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teams, recreation centers and mentor programs. This will be more likely to
reduce crime than longer prison sentences.

*Take care with synonyms. NOT ALL SYNONYMS ARE APPROPRIATE. Lexical
resource looks for how APPROPRIATELY and ACCURATELY you use
vocabulary.

Precision
Getting a high score for lexical resource is NOT about including long or
complicated words. It is about using the correct words in the correct place. In
many cases, this depends on context.

To get a high band score, you do need to use less common words but these
need to be used precisely and appropriately. They must also be spelled
correctly.

Precision refers to
- Word choice
- Spelling

Task 8: Word Choice

1. Underline the words that are used imprecisely.
2. Replace the underlined words with more appropriate words.

Nuclear power provides a depreciated energy source. It is also more

environmentally favourable. Firstly, natural resources such as gas and coal are
expensive to mine and also vandalise the environment. However, nuclear power
is more prudent in the long-run and is more eco-friendly.

Task 9: Word Choice

Choose the most appropriate synonym from the (brackets) provided.

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Some people argue that teenagers should work part-time while they are still at
school, as this will teach them valuable skills. Firstly, working while studying will
teach (teenyboppers/teenagers/young adults) the value of money. When they
start earning an income, they will appreciate what it takes to earn a
(wage/salary/income) and then use that money more wisely. Secondly, they
will learn how to manage their time. Many teenagers waste their
(time/moments/days) on frivolous activities, such as video games. However,
working will help them value their time.

Task 10: Spelling

Underline the misspelled words

Nowadays, many countrys are exploring alternitive sources of energy.

Traditional energy sources such as gas and coal are non-renewable and
goverments are now making accomodations for that by investing in renewable
resources such as nuclear and solar power wich are also better for the
envirement.

Task 11: Essay Draft 3

Rewrite your essay for lexical resource
It is undeniable that the internet has changed the world. It has changed the
way we communicate with each other now compared to in the past. What are
the advantages and disadvantages of this?
Draft 3
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Lexical Resource Checklist

q Range
q Pronouns
q Word Forms
q Synonyms
q Precision
q Word Choice
q Spelling

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 Lesson 4 - Grammatical Range & Accuracy
Range
You must use a variety of sentence structures to show the range of your
grammar.

You can vary your sentence structures by using:

- Simple sentences
- Compound sentences
- Complex sentences

Task 1: Simple Sentence

Write two simple sentences about social media.
1 ________________________________________________________________
2________________________________________________________________

Task 2: Compound Sentences

You can create compound sentences by joining two sentences using one of
the FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so).

Write two compound sentences using the appropriate FANBOYS

1 ________________________________________________________________
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Task 3: Complex Sentences

Write two complex sentences about social media using the appropriate
linking words
1 ________________________________________________________________
2________________________________________________________________

Task 4: Complex Sentences

as because while until unless even though although when

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Create three complex sentences by joining the sentence parts using the
words above
1 ________________________________________________________________
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Accuracy
In addition to a wide range of sentence structures, your grammar must also be
accurate.

Accuracy refers to
- articles
- verb tenses
- prepositions
- subject/verb agreement
- plural nouns

Task 5: Final Essay Draft

Write the final draft of your essay for grammatical range and accuracy
It is undeniable that the internet has changed the world. It has changed the
way we communicate with each other now compared to in the past. What are
the advantages and disadvantages of this?

Final Draft
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy Checklist

q Range
q Simple sentences
q Compound sentences
q Complex sentences
q Conditional sentence

q Accuracy
q articles
q verb tenses
q prepositions
q subject/verb agreement
q plural nouns

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Band Task Achievement Coherence & Cohesion Lexical Resource Grammatical Range & Accuracy

9 • Fully answers all parts of • Uses cohesion in such a • Uses a wide range of • Uses a wide range of
the question way that it attracts no vocabulary with very structures with full
• Presents a clear position attention natural and sophisticated flexibility and accuracy
throughout the essay • Skilfully manages control of lexical features
• Gives relevant, fully paragraphing
extended and supported
ideas

8 • Sufficiently answers all • Each paragraph • Uses a wide range of • Uses a wide range of
parts of the question sufficiently presents and vocabulary fluently to structures
• Presents a well-developed develops one central convey precise meaning • The majority of sentences
response with relevant, topic • Skilfully uses uncommon are error-free
extended and supported • Paragraphs are well words, but there may be • Makes only very
ideas structured and ideas are occasional inaccuracies in occasional errors
developed logically word choice
• Each paragraph flows • Produces rare errors in
seamlessly spelling and/or word
formation

7 • Answers all parts of the • Ideas are logically • Uses a sufficient range of • Uses a variety of complex
question organised and developed vocabulary with some structures
• Presents a clear position • A range of cohesive precision • Produces frequent error-
throughout devices are used • Uses less common words free sentences
• Presents, extends and appropriately although with some awareness of • Good control of
supports main ideas but there may be some under- collocation punctuation and grammar
may lack focus or are too /over-use • May produce occasional but may make a few
general errors in word choice, errors
 • Presents a clear central spelling, and/or word
topic within each form
paragraph

6 • Answers all parts of the • Ideas are arranged in a • Uses an adequate range • Uses a mix of simple and
question, but some parts coherent structure with of vocabulary for the task complex sentence forms
are not fully developed clear overall progression • Attempts to use less • Makes some errors in
• Presents a relevant • Cohesive devices are used common vocabulary but grammar and punctuation
position, but ideas may be effectively but these may with some inaccuracy but they rarely reduce
unclear or repetitive. be may be faulty and • Makes some errors in communication
• Presents relevant may mechanical spelling and/or word
ideas but some may be formation but they do not
inadequately impede communication
developed/unclear

5 • Only partially answers the • Presents ideas with some • Uses a limited range of • Uses only a limited range
question; the format may organisation but there vocabulary but this is of structures
be inappropriate in places may be a lack of overall minimally adequate for • Attempts complex
• Position is not always clear progression the task sentences but these tend
and there may be no • Makes inadequate, • May make noticeable to be less accurate that
conclusions drawn inaccurate or over-use of errors in spelling and/or simple sentences
• Presents some main ideas cohesive devices word formation that may • May make frequent
not these are limited and • May be repetitive because cause some difficulty for grammatical errors and
not sufficiently developed; of lack of referencing the reader punctuation may be
may include irrelevant • May not write in faulty; errors can cause
detail paragraphs or some difficulty for the
reader

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inadequate

4 • Answers the question in a • Presents information and • Uses only basic • Uses only a very limited
minimal way or the answer ideas but these are not vocabulary which may be range of structures with
is tangential; the format arranged coherently and used repetitively only rare use of
may be inappropriate there is no clear • Has limited control of subordinate clauses
• Presents a position but this progression word formation and/or • Some structures are
is unclear • Uses some basic cohesive spelling; errors may cause accurate but errors
• Presents some main ideas devices but these may be strain for the reader predominate and
but these are difficult to inaccurate or repetitive punctuation is often faulty
identify and may be • May not write in
repetitive or irrelevant paragraphs or their use
may be confusing