Wireless Power Transfer System Prototype For Renewable Energy

Device

Icahri Chatta1,Noor Azme Omar1 ,Safarudin Salehuddin1,Mohd Baharum Muhammad Din1, Suriani
Othman1, Mohd Fauzi Mohamad1, Mohd Radzi Abd Hamid1,Azlin Safinar Asri1
and Muhd Munzir Hussin1 .

1
National Hydraulic Research Institute Of Malaysia (Nahrim)
Lot 5377, Jalan Putra Permai,43300 Seri Kembangan, Selangor.

receiver without using wires [8]. Wireless power transfer

can be divided into two field which are near field and far
Abstract – Wireless system becoming more and field. Near field wireless power transfer also known as
more demanding system for any type of application non-radiative wireless power transfer consist of two method
including for data transfer and power [Link] which are inductive coupling where coils of wire are being
are many studies and research has been carried out used and capacitive coupling where metal electrodes are
widely. Wireless Power Transfer System (WPTS) is being used. For the far field also known as radiative
an alternative way to transfer power without using wireless power transfer offer a longer distance of
cables. It also can be used to transfer power from any transmission. The method used in far field wireless power
renewable energy devices. In this study, WPTS will be transfer is power beaming where power being transferred by
used for N-CODE (NAHRIM Coastal Defense and beam of electromagnetic radiation for example microwaves
Energy Generator). N-CODE is an innovation and laser and the transmitter must be aim directly to the
renewable energy product by National Hydraulic receiver[11].
Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM) which
dissipating energy from ocean wave. N-CODE will be Wireless power transfer system is an alternative way
placed at the ocean for about 200 meter away from to transfer power wirelessly for sea operations [14],[15]. A
land to manipulate the ocean wave as the medium of wireless system for power transfer has been designed to
energy harvesting. Therefore, a wireless system is transmit the energy generated by N-CODE at the ocean to
needed to transfer the power generated from the device the control panel at the main land instead of wire. With
to the control panel for storage and future use. In this wireless power transfer system, the power will be able to be
paper, a prototype of wireless power transfer system transferred from the N-CODE to the control panel
has been presented and method used to transfer energy wirelessly.
is inductive coupling method by using coils of wire.
Some test scenario has been conducted to achieve the The new system of power transfer will be able to
objectives of the project. The objective has been reduce the product total cost where the cost of the long wire
achieved when the prototype is successfully developed will be deducted. Wireless power transfer system also is
and able to transfer power from the source to the able to reduce the product installation time and process,
output. From this study, the WPTS successfully connect the area which is hard to reach physically[15],
transferred power in a range of 10 to 20 centimeter. lower the risk of electric shock and increase the safety to
There are some limitations found from the research the environment and community. The system also offers a
which are the transmission distance and number of tourist friendly area where tourists no need to worry about
turns of coil. Further studies can be made in order to the wire and radiation. The method used by the system is a
improve the efficiency and performance of the wireless near field technique by using inductive coupling where two
power transfer system. sets of wire coils has been used.

Index Terms - wireless system, power transfer, II. OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF STUDY
inductive coupling, renewable energy, ocean wave,
communication, environment. The objective of the this research is to develop and
test a prototype of wireless power transfer system for
I. INTRODUCTION performance and efficiency improvement of N-CODE for
concept proving. Some research scopes to cover the
Wireless power transfer system is a developing objective has been identified which are (i) the transmission
technology. There are many research and development distance, (ii) coil design (iii) electronics design and (iv)
regarding to wireless power transfer has been carried out external factor.
[11]. Wireless power transfer is a transmission of energy
via oscillating magnetic field from transmitter to the
 III. METHODOLOGY

The basic of wireless power transfer is energy that

can be transmitted from transmitter coil to a receiver coil
through an oscillating magnetic field.

Fig. 2. First set of coils

The first scenario for coil testing is by using 60 turns

and 6cm of coil diameter of 29 gauge magnetic wire with
0.35mm in diameter for transmitter and also 60 turns and
6cm of coil diameter for the receiver using the same type of
wire.
Fig. 1. Basic concept of Wireless power transfer
B. Scenario 2
A particular electronic design consist of transistor,
resistor, capacitor and diode connected to the transmitter
will convert the DC into high frequency alternating current
(AC). For testing, a power source of 6 Volts battery will
supply a direct current (DC) to the system. At the
transmitter part, AC current boost the copper wire and
produce a magnetic field. The magnetic field then induce
an AC in the receiving coil. Electronic design in the
receiving part will convert the AC back into DC for future
use. Fig. 3. Second set of coils

To transfer power from transmitter to the receiver, The second scenario for coil testing is by using 30
two coils are needed. 0.35mm diameter of 29 gauge turns and 6cm of coil diameter of 29 gauge magnetic wire
magnetic wire are needed to build the transmitter coil and with 0.35mm in diameter for transmitter but 60 turns and
receiver coil. For this experiment, three types of coil has 6cm of coil diameter for the receiver using the same type of
been constructed to produce the suitable coil for the wire.
system.
C. Scenario 3
The experiment will be done when a DC battery
source will supply a 6 Volts DC to the electronics design
in the circuit, then the electronics part will convert the DC
into AC and then the AC will induced the coil to produced
magnetic field. Transmitter coil will induced the receiver
coil to produce AC and voltage will be produce as the
output. The output for the coil testing is the value of
voltage recorded by using a multimeter. The output
voltage will be recorded with the various distance to test
the efficiency of the output with the transmission distance.
Fig. 4. Third set of coils

A. Scenario 1
The third scenario for coil testing is by using 60 turns
and 10.5cm of coil diameter of 29 gauge magnetic wire
with 0.35mm in diameter for transmitter and also 60 turns
and 10.5cm of coil diameter for the receiver using the before attached to the N-CODE structure as shown in
same type of wire. Figure 9. The finish product of the system will be attached
to the N-CODE. The position of the system is placed at the
DC current from N-CODE will be used as the power side of the first cylinder as shown in Figure 9. The system
source to the transmitter coil in the real situation, in this need to be connected to the output of the N-CODE as the
prototype design a fixed 6 Volts battery used as the power power source to the wireless power transfer system. Then
source. The electronics design of the system consists of the power will be transfer to the control panel which contain
resistor, capacitor, transistor and diode. DB139 transistor the MPPT Solar Charger Controller, battery, inverter and
is used as the amplifier in the circuit. Capacitor used in distribution box.
this circuit to charge and discharge the electric charge
stored in it. Capacitor also blocks the flow of DC and The location of the system is decided to be as shown
permits the flow of AC. Resistor used to control the flow in figure 9 is because the transmitter part of the wireless
of current to other component. Breadboard used in the power transfer system need to be inline to each other for the
testing stage where to ensure the circuit work as desired. power to be transmitted efficiently, therefor the highest
The electronics design need to be connected to a level of the N-CODE is chosen for the system to be placed.
breadboard before attached to the N-CODE structure.
Wireless Power Transfer System

Fig. 5. Connection of transmitter coil

Fig. 7. Location of wireless power transfer system prototype

at the N-CODE

IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

A. Scenario 1: 60 turns testing

Fig. 6. Connection of receiver coil
The current recorded is 2.22mA and the frequency is
50Hz. Table 1 shows the data collected from the prototype
of WPTS for scenario 1. The initial output value voltage for
Both of the circuit of the system on the breadboard 60mm diameter of coil loop with 60 turns of coil is
and both of the coils need to be inserted in a perspex box
 recorded to be 62.6V. As the receiver being at more
distance which is 16cm, the voltage recorded is 0.2V. Distance (cm) VS Voltage (V)
65
Table 1: Data for scenario 1 60
55
nce 50
45
een
40
itter Output Voltage at receiver (VDC) 35
eiver 30
) 25
20
62.6 15
10
20.0 5
0
12.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Voltage (V)
10.6

9.3

8.0 Fig. 8. Graph Distance Versus Voltage For Scenario 1

4.9 B. Scenario 2: 30 turns testing

4.4
The current recorded is 2.22mA and the frequency is
2.2 50Hz. Table 2 shows the data recorded for scenario 2. The
initial output value voltage for 60mm diameter of coil loop
1.2
with 30 turns of transmitter coil and 60 turns for receiver
1.1 coil is recorded to be 36.3V. As the receiver coil being
distance from the transmitter, the voltage decreasing rapidly.
0.8 As the receiver being at more distance which is 16cm, the
voltage recorded is 0.1V. The second scenario is set for less
0.63 number of coil for the transmitter to test the initial output
voltage transmitted from the transmitter coil and the
0.38
transmission distance that can be achieved for lesser
0.34 number of turns.

0.28 Table 2: Data for scenario 2

0.20 Distance (cm) Voltage (V)

0 36.3
1 24.3
2 20.1
3 18.5
4 16.3
5 10.3
6 9.6
7 5.7
8 3.1
9 1.6
10 0.5
11 0.39
12 0.38
13 0.35
14 0.24
 15 0.23 8 3.8
16 0.1 9 3.4
10 2.6
11 2.1
12 1.8
Distance(cm) VS Voltage (V)
13 1.5
40 14 1.2
15 1.0
30 16 0.9

20

10 Distance(cm) VS Voltage (V)

90
85
0 80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 75
70
Voltage (V) 65
60
55
50
45
40
Fig. 10. Graph of distance versus voltage for scenario 2 35
30
25
20
15
10
C. Scenario 3 : loop diameter testing 5
Diameter of coils is tested for 10.5cm with 60 turns 0
for transmitter and 60 turns for receiver. The current 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
recorded is 2.22mA and the frequency is 50Hz. The data Voltage (V)
collected from the prototype of wireless power transfer for
scenario according to the procedure that has been
explained above. The initial output value voltage for
105mm diameter of coil loop with 60 turns coil is recorded Fig. 9. Graph distance versus voltage for scenario 3
to be 36.3V. As the receiver coil being distance from the
transmitter, the voltage decreasing rapidly. As the receiver
being at more distance which is 16cm, the voltage
recorded is 0.9V. The third scenario is set for the same
number of turns as scenario 1 but with different diameter
for the coil loop to test the effect of different size of coil
loop diameter on the initial output voltage and the
transmission distance.

Table 3: Data for scenario 3

Distance (cm) Voltage (V)

0 87.0
1 44.8
2 34.4
3 19.2
4 12.1
5 11.6
6 6.6
7 5.1
 V. CONCLUSION
Distance(cm) VS Voltages(V)

90
In conclusion, the objective of….. have been achieved.
80 From the study, the greater the number of turns, the higher
70 the inductance of the coil. The loop diameter also affect the
inductance of the coil where the greater the diameter of the
60
loop, the higher the inductance. Permeability of the coil
50 material also lead to high strength of magnetic filed.
40 Therefore, to increase the strength of magnetic field, the
number of coils should be increase. The wire with greater
30
thickness will reduce the resistance and leads to voltage
20 increment where high voltage will strengthen the magnetic
10 field.

0 Suprisingly from this study, the best design for the

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 prototype to transfer power efficiently is by increasing the
Voltage1 (V) Voltage2 (V) Voltage3 (V) diameter size of both transmitter and receiver coils. The
electronics design also can be improve for the system to
extend its limiting voltages and distance. Therefore, further
Fig. 10: Comparison of voltage between 3 scenarios studies can be made in order to increase the efficiency and
result for the system. Many other experiments for a larger
scale of testing can be made to improve the system and for
the system to meet the real situation transferring power in a
distance to be used by N-CODE.
From the data collected, the highest initial voltage is
from scenario 3 which using 105mm of coil diameter and ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
60 turns of gauge magnetic wire with 87.0 V recorded. At
16cm distance, the data also shows the highest value of In the name of Allah, the most gracious and the most
output voltage recorded by scenario 3 with 0.9V. this merciful. Alhamdulillah, all praises to be Allah, the lord of
shows that scenario 3 has the longer transmission distance the whole world who always provide His blessing,
knowledge and guidance for all this time especially in order
in comparing to the other two scenario. The value of
to complete this project. Besides, a very humble gratitude
inductance calculated for scenario 3 is the highest among expressed to all the researchers and other members of
the three scenarios which is 1.3733mH(miliHenry) Hydraulic and Instrumentation Laboratory for their endless
compared to 0.708mH and 0.176mH for scenario 1 and support and help directly or indirectly to this project.
scenario 2 respectively. From the data collected, it shows
that high value of inductance leads to high output voltage
and longer transmission distance.
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/

Azlin Safinar Asri currently a student of Mechatronics

Engineering from International Islamic University
Malaysia (IIUM).