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Huffman Coding Example and Analysis

The document summarizes Huffman coding, which is a variable-length encoding technique used to compress data. It shows an example of encoding text with different character frequencies. A Huffman code assigns shorter codes to more common characters, resulting in an 11% smaller file size compared to fixed-length encoding. Finally, it visually depicts the process of constructing a Huffman code tree based on character frequencies.

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tripti sahu
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94 views22 pages

Huffman Coding Example and Analysis

The document summarizes Huffman coding, which is a variable-length encoding technique used to compress data. It shows an example of encoding text with different character frequencies. A Huffman code assigns shorter codes to more common characters, resulting in an 11% smaller file size compared to fixed-length encoding. Finally, it visually depicts the process of constructing a Huffman code tree based on character frequencies.

Uploaded by

tripti sahu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Huffman Codes

Example
Otávio Braga
Example
• Say we want to encode a text with the characters a,
b,…, g occurring with the following frequencies:

a b c d e f g
Frequency 37 18 29 13 30 17 6
Fixed-Length Code
a b c d e f g
Frequency 37 18 29 13 30 17 6
Fixed-length 000 001 010 011 100 101 110
code

• Total size is:


(37 + 18 + 29 + 13 + 30 + 17 + 6) x 3= 450 bits
Variable-Length Code
a b c d e f g
Frequency 37 18 29 13 30 17 6
Variable- 10 011 111 1101 00 010 1100
length code

• Total size is:


37x2 + 18x3 + 29x3 + 13x4 + 30x2 + 17x3 + 6x4 = 402 bits

• A savings of approximately 11%


Constructing a Huffman Code

g,6 d,13 f,17 b,18 c,29 e,30 a,37


Constructing a Huffman Code

g,6 d,13 f,17 b,18 c,29 e,30 a,37


Constructing a Huffman Code

19 f,17 b,18 c,29 e,30 a,37

g,6 d,13
Constructing a Huffman Code

f,17 b,18 19 c,29 e,30 a,37

g,6 d,13
Constructing a Huffman Code

f,17 b,18 19 c,29 e,30 a,37

g,6 d,13
Constructing a Huffman Code

35 19 c,29 e,30 a,37

f,17 b,18 g,6 d,13


Constructing a Huffman Code

19 c,29 e,30 35 a,37

g,6 d,13 f,17 b,18


Constructing a Huffman Code

19 c,29 e,30 35 a,37

g,6 d,13 f,17 b,18


Constructing a Huffman Code

48 e,30 35 a,37

19 c,29 f,17 b,18

g,6 d,13
Constructing a Huffman Code

e,30 35 a,37 48

f,17 b,18 19 c,29

g,6 d,13
Constructing a Huffman Code

e,30 35 a,37 48

f,17 b,18 19 c,29

g,6 d,13
Constructing a Huffman Code

65 a,37 48

e,30 35 19 c,29

f,17 b,18 g,6 d,13


Constructing a Huffman Code

a,37 48 65

19 c,29 e,30 35

g,6 d,13 f,17 b,18


Constructing a Huffman Code

a,37 48 65

19 c,29 e,30 35

g,6 d,13 f,17 b,18


Constructing a Huffman Code

85 65

e,30 35
a,37 48

19 c,29 f,17 b,18

g,6 d,13
Constructing a Huffman Code

65 85

e,30 35
a,37 48

f,17 b,18 19 c,29

g,6 d,13
Constructing a Huffman Code
150

65 85

e,30 35
a,37 48

f,17 b,18 19 c,29

g,6 d,13
Resulting Code

0 1
a 10
b 011
0 1 0 1
c 111
e a d 1101
0 1 0 1
e 00
f b c f 010
0 1 g 1100
g d

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