ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to identify factors that influenced

Senior High school students in choosing Bachelor of Science in

Hotel and Restaurant Management in La Salette of Cabatuan. The

information obtained would be used to formulate effective

recruitment strategies and counseling students on their career

expectations in BSHRM. 15 students from both Grade 11 and Grade

12 students who will be pursuing BSHRM completed a pre-tested

questionnaire containing nine items addressing different

factors. The instrument used for collection of data or

information in this research is mainly the questionnaires. The

questionnaires were distributed to fifteen selected SHS students

in La Salette of Cabatuan. Their passion and skills were

perceived as an important factor in career choice by the

majority of respondents (100 percent). Peer pressure was ranked

as the second most important factor, and inherit practice of

their parents and relatives was ranked third. Job availability

as least important factor in career choice.

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank a number of people who contributed

significantly to the production of this research. I am grateful

particularly to Ms. Angelie Mina, my research teacher who guided

my every step of the way of doing this research. From data

collecting, to data analysis and research writing. She took her

time to read the research and gave me great advice that

significantly contributed to the final draft. Their suggestions

and advice are not only useful for the completion of my research

but also for my future research works. In addition, And also, I

would like to thank my classmates who gave me a lot of wonderful

suggestions. Finally, I would like to thank my family who

encouraged me a lot while I was studying and working on the

research.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE………………………………………………………………………………………………………

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

LIST OF TABLES……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

CHAPTER ONE-Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Significance of the Study………………………………………………………………………………………

Purpose of the Study……………………………………………………………………………………………………

Statement of the Problem…………………………………………………………………………………………

CHAPTER TWO

Review of Related Literature………………………………………………………………………………

CHAPTER THREE-Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………

Research Design…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Locale of the Study………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Respondents……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Sampling Design…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Instrument of the Study……………………………………………………………………………………………

Data Gathering Procedure…………………………………………………………………………………………

 Data Analysis………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Summary………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

CHAPTER FOUR-Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………
 CHAPTER 1

Introduction

Career selection is one of many important choices students will

make in determining future plans. This decision will impact them

throughout their lives. The essence of who the student is will

revolve around what the student wants to do with their life-long

work. Basavage (1996, p.1) in her thesis asked, “What is it that

influences children one way or another?” Over the school’s front

door at Rindge School of Technical Arts is the saying, “Work is

one of our greatest blessings. Everyone should have an honest

occupation” (Rosenstock & Steinberg, cited in O’Brien, 1996, p.

3). Every student carries the unique history of their past and

this determines how they view the world. That history created,

in part by the student’s environment, personality, and

opportunity, will determine how students make career choices.

The right career choice for the students entering into the

professional education is critical having high impact on their

professional life and future achievement. This is the turning

point: it cannot be left, on intuition, preconceived notions,

wild imaginations or popular concepts. A misperceived career

choice directs all individual efforts and resources into wrong

direction, when not aligned with the expectations; would not

only be frustrating rather draining of the individual energy and

wastage of resources. The re-alignment is possible, but it has

serious implications in terms of time, money and motivation. The

career choice of the students must need to be based on; strong

knowledge, complete information, and appropriately guided,

matching individual personality type and other intrinsic and

extrinsic factors. The students need to be oriented on new

emerging trends, future opportunities and challenges in the

context of career choice options. This study is to determine the

factors that affect the SHS students in choosing Hotel and

restaurant Management Course of La Salette of Cabatuan. Thus

research study was developed to examine the factors that affect

the students in choosing BSHRM. There are many factors that have

influence on students today, including family, friends, and

mentors. Students may also choose careers because they are

personally rewarding, there is a growing need for jobs in a

certain job field, or there is potential for a great amount of

income.

Significance of the Study

This study will help us to better understand some of the factors

that may influence SHS students in choosing BSHRM. also, This

study will be if it the different schools that offer BSHRM

course because they will get information in this study and it

may help them to improve their curriculum. The study was focused

on the following key areas:

 To determine the factors that influence

Senior High school students in Bachelor of

Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management.

 To derive the relative weight of

each factor and see which factor is

more influential?

Purpose of the Study

This study aims to identify the factors that affect the selected

students in La Salette of Cabatuan in BSHRM. Specifically,

answers three questions.

Statement of the Problem

To better understand the factors that affect the Senior High

school students in choosing BSHRM, these are the certain general

questions need to be addressed:

1) What influences your career choice?

2) Why do you choose Bachelor of Hotel and Restaurant Management

as a course?

3) Does your career choice influence by your peer group?

 Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

Review of the literature will be explored within this chapter

that evaluate and contrast research in factors that influence

career choice decisions and the extrinsic and intrinsic factors

will be discussed in detail with the help of current research

studies. Specifically, the literature will reveal what factors

are important in making career choices by the management

sciences students and which factors are impactful in different

contexts and cultures in the world. These factors eventually all

guide to the awareness that career choice is not a lineal

process but that it has factors that are influential in terms of

making future plans and those factors themselves are influenced

by the surroundings, external environment, country situation,

family orientation and personal interests.

The word career has been a derivative of French and Latin

origin. Its simplest definition is given by Geciki (2002) as;

the occupational, commercial or industrial activity that a

person may adopt during his educational life or in some other

part or till his death. Redman and Wilkinson (2001) clarifies

career as the application of a person’s cognition and

capabilities, providing command over profession, timely work

expertise and a basis of developing and bettering business

networks. Individuals chose career planning to pursue the

professional objectives, getting informed about upcoming

opportunities, their results and their timely evaluations. It is

considered to be a beginning in the stages of career choices but

still of paramount significance. People prefer the career that

could provide them sound basis for an improved standard of

living (Cavus, Geri and Turgunbayeva;2015). Career planning done

on individual basis is a plan as to how an individual would

foster in his profession. As regards the organizational level,

it talks about promotional aspects together with personal

development quadrant. So briefly career planning is the process

whereby the individual himself or his organization helps in

pursuing his growth objectives in conformity with his expertise

in the area, capabilities and aims (Bayraktaroğlu, 2011).

There are different factors that affect students’ choice of

course in college. One of this is family related factors. Study

revealed that Filipino immigrants and non-immigrants rely

heavily on their family’s decision-making. Students cope by

following their parents’ advice. They also have to cope with an

expectation of financially supporting the family upon completing

their education. Studies from other Asian countries also show

parents’ impact in decision making of students when it comes to

students’ course preference. Another study highlighted that

parental involvement have positive impact on Hmong / Mong

adolescents’ education and career choice. Furthermore, it is

reported that parents are deeply involved and influential to

their high-achieving. Children college choices. The report also

found open houses, dialogue with college friends, alumni, and

admitted-student programs are extremely influential to students.

The report claimed these sources are not well known, but very

powerful to student’s decision making for their college. The

study also found 26% of sampled students paid a specialist or

advisor during the college decision process. The studies

presented are important to the present study since the studies

explain the importance of taking parents’ advice and permission

in choosing a college course. Respect for family is one of the

most influential factors that impact Filipino students’ career

decision.

It is concurred that “Out of respect and loyalty, it may not be

appropriate to express personal desires; rather, one may alter

one’s interests to maintain harmony.” As a sign of respect,

Filipino children want to do well for the sake of the family,

follow parents’ advice about choosing a job or major in college

and lastly, make sacrifices for the family. For practicality

reasons, it is also reported that parents usually encourage

careers that will not cost much money, but at the same time, are
stable sources of income. Careers in nursing, accounting, and

engineering are highly popular for Filipino families. These

writings discuss that the family decides in what college course

students should take is also associated with the financial

status of the family. Aside from family related factors,

economic factors which includes the employability and

availability of job in the future is also considered by

students. Employability, i.e., the realistic feasibility of

being employed in a stable job, then becomes an important factor

in career decision-making.

Coming from a collective culture, immigrant parents and children

seek careers that will support the whole family. Moreover, it is

found that Asian American men and women tend to be more

interested in technical fields, the physical sciences, and non-

enterprising business positions over artistic, social, or

socially interactive business careers. Aside from economic

factors, exposure of students to career related technical and

academic subjects also known as elective subjects in the

Philippines also helps in students’ decision making in career

choices in college. It was revealed that career technical

Education (CTE) was perceived positively by middle school and

high school counselors in Tenessee, and the need for career

awareness should begin in a student’s early years before high

school. However, there was a difference in perceptions of CTE by

middle school and high school counselors. Both middle school and

high school counselors felt that CTE teachers should have

knowledge, skills and a teaching license. School counselors felt

that they did not have enough time to provide career counseling

to students. Being informed and ready to choose a career focus

area in a student freshmen year could help make the transition

from middle school to high school easier thus help prevent the

student from dropping out of school before graduation. On the

importance of integrating the academic curriculum in students’

preparation for a college course choice, it is explained that

academics should be integrated with career-focused courses so

students can see practical application for the academic courses

such as mathematics, science, reading and writing. Personality

and interest are not the only criteria for choosing a career.

An individual’s aptitude and intellectual abilities are equally

of great importance. An aptitude is a potential for success in

an area after undergoing some training but a layman may define

aptitude as a flair for something. The context in which people

live, their personal aptitudes, and educational attainment are

other things that do influence people’s career choice. The

importance of having effective career planning is emphasized by

SREB. It was found that students who receive help in exploring

careers and planning programs of study related to their career

interest are more likely to see school as meaningful. High

Schools That Work recommended that students as early as the

eighth grade develop a six-year plan for all four years of high

school and two years after graduation. These students should

work with their parents, teachers, and school counselors to

develop high school courses and future goals. Students who see a

direct link between school and the future are more definite in

their career and postsecondary goals. Middle schools lay the

foundation for career choices by getting students to explore

career fields which interest them, and then in high school,

counselors help students align the curriculum to the academic

and industry standards of those careers . The involvement of

family, school administrators and guidance counselor to help

students make good career choice in the future is emphasized in

the study who mentioned that parents, teachers, and school

counselors are all involved in students’ career decision-making

process. The researchers suggested that the “American education

career development plan” is to prepare students for the next

formal learning experience with little opportunity in career

development activities, and students are simply encouraged to

attend school until they can go no further. Continuity of career

development program should be continuous and progressive.

In 2001 it was mentioned that as early as the third grade,

students are expected to acquire the skills to investigate the

world of work in relation to knowledge of self and to make

informed career decisions. In the middle school grades of six

through eight, school counselors help students identify

interests and abilities through self-assessment activities,

comparing middle school with high school, and then use

assessment results in academic and career planning. When

students enter ninth grade, the school counseling and career

guidance standards state that students should be able to assess

the relationship between aptitudes and interests to develop a

six-year academic plan, formulate long term educational and

career goals, and correlate courses of study to long-term goals.

Students are expected to research their future options and

investigate the world of work in relation to self-knowledge and

use that information to make informed career decisions. Then, in

high school, students are expected to create strategies to

achieve future career success and satisfaction by modifying

their educational plans to support their career goals, to

evaluate and update their career-planning portfolios, and to

apply academic and employment readiness skills through programs

such as work-based learning .Furthermore, it was emphasized that

a comprehensive and developmental view of education and career

planning, especially in middle schools.

Middle school counselors are instrumental in implementing

effective education and career planning systems to help students

with their educational and career development. Research shows

that the choices middle school students make have a strong

bearing on their educational and career development for decades

to come, particularly academic choices. Furthermore, it is

mentioned that school counselors and school counseling programs

play key roles in preparing students to successfully transition

to the next level, whether it is some type of postsecondary

education or joining the workforce. To add with, it is

emphasized that education and career planning from a life-career

perspective, with career development and planning encompassing

education, work, and leisure. Therefore, extracurricular

activities, hobbies, civic participation, and cultural

experiences should be part of middle school students’ education

and career planning .

 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

INTRODUCTION

This chapter explains how the study was conducted. It contains

information on who the subjects were, the data collection

procedures followed and how the data were analyzed.

RESEARCH DESIGN

Questionnaire survey method will be used to determining the

factors that influence the Senior High school students of La

Salette of Cabatuan.

LOCALE OF THE STUDY

This study will be conducted at the La Salette of Cabatuan, High

school Department in school year 2017-2018.

RESPONDENTS

There will be 15 chosen SHS students of La Salette of Cabatuan

from Grade 11 and Grade 12.

SAMPLING DESIGN

The sampling design will be used is simple random sampling.

INSTRUMENT OF THE STUDY

The researcher will be used a researcher-made questionnaire in

gathering the necessary data.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The researcher will be asked permission from the principal of

senior high school to conduct the study. Upon approval, the

questionnaire was administered by the researchers to the

respondents in the school campus.

DATA ANALYSIS

The data gathered will be tabulated through statistical

analysis.
 CHAPTER 4

A survey was conducted at La Salette of Cabatuan,Highschool

department about “The Factors that Affects Senior High School

Students in Choosing Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant

Management”. Through questionnaire method the researcher found

out the main factors and least factors that affect the students

in their career choice.

PASSION AND SKILLS

YES
NO

TABLE 1.1

Represents the result or the interpretation of data collected

which says 100% of the SHS Students answered “Yes”.They consider

their passion and skills as the main factor that influence them

in taking BSHRM.
 INFLUENCE OF FRIENDS

YES
NO

TABLE 1.2

Represents the result regarding the factors which says 53% of

the SHS students consider their friends as the second factor

that influences them in taking BSHRM.

INHERIT EXPECTATION TO PRACTICE OF

THEIR PARENTS AND RELATIVES

YES
NO

TABLE 1.3

Represents the result that 26% of the SHS students consider

inherit practice of their parents and relatives as one of the

factors that influence them in taking BSHRM.

 ADVICE AND EXPECTATION OF
PARENTS/EXPECTED INCOME

YES
NO

TABLE 1.4

Represents the results the factor which says 13% of the SHS

students consider the advice and expectation of parents and

their expected income as one of the factors that influence them

in taking BSHRM.

ADVICE FROM TEACHERS AND

CONSULTANTS

YES
NO

TABLE 1.5

Represents that 7% of the SHS students consider advice from

parents and consultants as one of the factors which influence

them in taking BSHRM.

 JOB AVAILABILITY

YES
NO

TABLE 1.6

Represents that none of the students consider job availability

as a factor that influence them in taking BSHRM.

According to the results that the researcher collected the main

factor that influenced the Senior high School student is their

own desire. Related to their skills and some talents about

cooking in restaurants, setting up some family occasions in

hotels and to have more knowledge on how to manage a good

business.

As a grade 11 and Grade 12 students pursuing Bachelor of Science

in Hotel And Restaurant management and as they consider the

different factors that affects them in their career choice.

Pursuing your own career choice can lead to personal

satisfaction and professional success.

 CHAPTER 5

Mostly I really want to have more knowledge of how to manage a

good business so that it can help them if will their own

restaurant someday. In our present Bachelor of Science in Hotel

and Restaurant Management is now in demand in our society. Lots

of Hotels, Restaurants, Resorts, bars, many more

Taking up Hotel and Restaurant Management is their owndecision,

Because they want to develop their cooking and also included on

how to manage a restaurant, what is the proper way to entertain

a customer, specially those foreigner that always appreciate the

beauty of our country.