ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES
OF COMMERCIAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GENERAL SANTOS CITY
A Survey Research presented to the
Tertiary Level of GenSantos
Foundation College, Inc.
As partial fulfilment for the subject
Survey of Physical Science (Natsci-3)
By:
March 13, 2019
Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
Energy conservation is the term used for reducing the consumption through
using less energy service. Energy conservation is not about making limited resources
last longer but it is a process of doing nothing more than delaying crisis until we finally
run out of all our energy resources.
Conservation is the process of reducing demand on a limited supply (for example
natural gas) and ensuring that the demand is met by alternative means of supply. Most
of the times the best way to do this is to replace the existing energy used with an
alternative one. Energy conservation is all about using energy only when it is required
and using it as much as needed for the job and not wasting any amount of it. It requires
a conscious effort from the user or energy to make sure that there is no wastage on a
regular basis.
Electricity is widely used for providing power to buildings, electric devices, and
even some automobiles. Electricity is weightless, easier to transport and distribute and it
represents the most efficient way of consuming energy. It is important part of our
industries. Almost whole of the devices at businesses and industries are running
because of the nature of facility.
People conserve power to reduce energy cos and lessen environmental impact.
In addition to using innovative facility designs, which includes state-of-art control
systems and high efficiency chillers in a new building.
The researcher conducted a survey to know the techniques used by
establishments to manage and conserve energy within General Santos City.
Chapter II
DATA ANALYSIS
Methodology
This part of chapter includes the research design, locale of the study, sample
size, research instruments, data gathering procedure, respondents profile and data
analysis.
Research Design
The study will use a descriptive type of research design and quantitative
research method. A descriptive research design is concerned to provide
comprehensive or in depth description of basic information about the population at a
particular point in time. The quantitative research method seeks to collect and provide
information that can be tabulated in a numerical form.
Locale of the Study
The locale of the study is within the City of General Santos. General Santos City
is in the south-western part of the island of Mindanao. It has 26 barangay`s and it lies
at the southern part of the Philippines.
The map of General Santos City is presented below:
Figure 1. Locale of the Study
Sample Size
The researchers will have a total of 15 respondents selected randomly.
Research Instrument
Survey questionnaires would be used to come up with specific answers to the
statement of the problem. This study would use one (1) questionnaire. The
questionnaire for each type of respondents would have the same content for the
researchers to come up with needed data or information from them. Respondents will
only have to answer the questionnaire base on their preference or choices given.
For respondents the questions to be use will allow the researchers to identify the
different factors that they consider in starting an investment. It will also determine what
the priority of each respondent is.
Data Gathering Procedure
To gather the necessary information, surveys will be conducted to the different
respondents within General Santos City by the use of questionnaires. Since we will use
simple random sampling technique, it gives all the sampling units’ equal chances of
being included as sample. The respondents who are willing to participate in the data
gathering will be guided by the researchers in answering the questionnaire.
Data Analysis
The answers on the questionnaire will be analyzed using the percentage
frequency method.
A percentage frequency distribution is a display of data that specifies the
percentage of observations that exist for each data point or grouping of data points. It is
a particularly useful method of expressing the relative frequency of survey responses
and other data. Many times, percentage frequency distributions are displayed as tables
or as bar graphs or pie charts. The process of creating a percentage frequency
distribution involves first identifying the total number of observations to be represented;
then counting the total number of observations within each data point or grouping of
data points; and then dividing the number of observations within each data point or
grouping of data points by the total number of observations.
A. Respondent’s Profile
Table 2.1
Business Type Frequency Percentage
BPO/Call Center 0 0
Cooperative 0 0
Retail Industry 8 53%
Industrial 0 0
Manpower 1 7%
Food Processing 2 13%
Government 0 0
Others 4 27%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.1 shows that out of 100%, 53% belong to retail industry, manpower composes
7%, food processing compose of 13% and that others is 27%.
Table 2.2
Years of Operation Frequency Percentage
5 yrs. up 8 53%
3 to 4 yrs. 2 13%
1 to 2 yrs. 4 27%
Less than 1 yr. 1 7%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.2 shows that out of 100%, respondents who have 5 yrs and up operation is
53%, 3 to 4 yrs is 13%, 1 to 2 years is 7%.
Table 2.3
Nature of Ownership Frequency Percentage
Own 10 67%
Tenant 5 33%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.3 shows that out of 100%, 67% own their building and that 33% is a tenant.
The monthly average consumption of every respondents varies on the size of the
establishments as well as its function. The highest kph used is 300,000, next
75,000kph, followed by 63,000kph, 60kph, 35,000kph, 30,000kph, 15,000kph,
10,000kph and having the lowest is 30kph and 20kph.
B. Survey Analysis
This pertains to the responses of the respondents on the survey questionnaire
conducted.
Table 2.4: Frequency of respondent’s business hours per day
Particulars Frequency Percentage
24 hours 6 40%
8 hours 8 53%
Less than 8 hrs. 1 7%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.4 shows that out of 100%, the respondents who operates for 24 hrs. composed
of 40%, 53% on 8hrs operation and 7% operates less than 8 hrs. a day.
Table 2.5: Frequency of respondent’s source of energy
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Electricity 13 87%
Gasoline 0 0
Renewable Energy Source 2 13%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.5 shows that out of 100%, 87% of respondents uses electricity as a source of
energy, no respondents uses gasoline and that 13% uses renewable energy source.
Table 2.6: Frequency of respondents who think we are in energy crisis
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Yes 12 80%
No 3 20%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.6 shows that out of 100%, 80% think that we are living in an energy crisis and
20% believe not.
Table 2.7: Frequency of respondents who thought about saving energy
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Very Much 9 60%
Much 2 13%
Fair 3 20%
Not at all 1 7%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.7 shows that out of 100%, 60% of the respondents thought of saving energy
very much, 13% is much, 20% thought fairly and that 7% who didn’t thought at all.
Table 2.8: Frequency of respondent’s attitude toward energy conservation
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Strongly agree 6 40%
Agree 9 60%
Disagree 0 0
Total 15 100%
Table 2.8 shows that out of 100%, 40% of it strongly agree toward energy conservation,
60% is agree and that no one is disagree with it.
Table 2.9: Frequency of how often respondent’s practice on energy conservation
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Always 6 40%
Sometimes 9 60%
If told so 0 0
Total 15 100%
Table 2.9 shows that out of 100%, 40% practice energy conservation always, 60% who
practice sometimes and that no one would practice only if told so.
Table 2.10: Frequency of respondent’s concern on energy crisis
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Very Much 8 53%
Much 3 20%
Not really 4 27%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.10 shows that out of 100%, 53% is very much concern with energy crisis, 20%
is much concern and that 27% is not really concern.
Table 2.11: Frequency of respondent’s awareness of ways to save energy
consumption
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Aware of a lot ways 7 47%
Aware of few ways 8 53%
Not aware 0 0
Total 15 100%
Table 2.11 shows that out of 100%, 47% of the respondents are aware of a lot of ways,
53% aware of few ways and that no one is not aware.
Table 2.12: Frequency of respondents who thought that monitoring usage of
energy helps to be aware of daily consumption
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Yes 11 73%
No 4 27%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.12 shows that out of 100%, 73% thought that monitoring energy usage helps to
be aware of the daily consumption and that 27% didn’t thought of it.
Table 2.13: Frequency of respondents who uses this kind of air-conditioning
facility
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Built-in/Window Type Aircon 6 40%
Industrial Fan 7 47%
None 2 13%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.13 shows that out of 100%, 40% of the respondents uses built-in/ window type
aircon, 47% uses industrial fan and that 13% who didn’t uses any.
Table 2.14: Frequency of respondents who chose price, quality or energy saving
as reason for choosing the air-conditioning facility
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Price 3 20%
Quality 6 40%
Energy Saving 6 40%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.14 shows that out of 100%, 20% chooses the type of air-conditioning facility
because of prices, 40% chooses quality and that 40% chooses it for energy saving.
Table 2.15: Frequency of respondents who uses this kind of light producing
equipment
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Incandescent Bulb 6 40%
CFL Lights 9 60%
Others 0 0
Total 15 100%
Table 2.15 shows that out of 100%, 40% uses incandescent bulb, and 60% uses CFL
lights .
Table 2.16: Frequency of respondents who chose price, quality or energy saving
as reason for choosing the light producing equipment
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Price 3 20%
Quality 9 60%
Energy Saving 3 20%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.16 shows that out of 100%, 20% chooses the type of air-conditioning facility
because of prices, 60% chooses quality and that 20% chooses it for energy saving.
Table 2.17: Frequency of respondents who choose the ff. that motivates them to
change the behaviour toward energy conservation
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Increasing Cost 10 67%
Environmental Factor 3 20%
Public Concern 2 13%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.17 shows that out of 100%, 67% of the respondents definitely motivates
themselves because of increasing cost, 20% due to environmental factor, and that 13%
due to public concern.
Table 2.18: Frequency of respondents who answer yes or no if they use an
alternative source of energy other than electricity
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Yes 5 33%
No 10 67%
Total 15 100%
Table 2.18 shows that out of 100%, 33% uses an alternative source of energy and 60%
did not use.
Table 2.19: Respondents response on what is the alternative source of energy
they used.
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Generator 3 60%
Solar Power 2 40%
Total 5 100%
Table 2.19 shows that out of 100% who uses an alternative source of energy 60% used
generator and that 40% uses solar power.
Table 2.20: Frequency of respondents who do the below techniques to conserve
energy
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Switching off lights during 5 18%
break hours
Plugging out appliances 12 43%
after work hours
Keeping appliances in good 4 14%
conditions
Choose energy efficient 7 25%
products
Total 28 100%
Table 2.20 shows that out of 100%, 18% do switching off the lights, 43% plug out
appliances after work hrs., 14% prefer to keep the appliances in good conditions and
that 25% choose an energy efficient products to conserve energy.
Table 2.21: Frequency of respondent’s willingness to educate and inform others
about ways to reduce energy consumption
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Yes 15 100%
No 0 0
Total 15 100%
Table 2.21 shows that all respondents would be willing to educate and inform others to
reduce energy consumption.
Table 2.22: Frequency of respondents who answer yes or no if it can help in
reducing energy consumption by using energy efficient machines and equipment
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Yes 15 100%
No 0 0
Total 15 100%
Table 2.22 shows that all respondents answered yes on using energy efficient machines
and equipment can help in reducing energy consumption.
Table 2.23: Frequency of respondents who’s willing to join a campaign on energy
conservation
Particulars Frequency Percentage
Yes 15 100%
No 0 0
Total 15 100%
Table 2.23 shows that all respondents are willing to join a campaign on energy
conservation.
Chapter III
CONCLUSION
Energy consumption greatly depend on the nature of business and the service
they provide. Large entities usually have more energy consumption than small ones but
it also varies on the conservation techniques done by each establishments.
Typically industries uses electricity as a source of energy, and that many are
aware we lived in an energy crisis world. Awareness and that knowledge is present
among the establishments but attitude to act is the great key to achieve conservation.
Price, quality and energy saving are some of the factors present in buying or using an
equipment or machines. Most of them prefer quality and energy saving than prices.
Increasing cost motivates many to conserve energy.
There are methods or techniques done by businesses to conserve energy. Most
of them plug out the appliances after work hours, choosing an energy efficient products
are also effective, switching off lights during break hours can do help as well as keeping
the appliances in good conditions.
All of the respondents are willing to educate and inform others on how to reduce
energy consumption as well as willing to do a campaign toward energy conservation.
We do have limited supply of energy but have an unlimited demand. Everyone
should be responsible for us not to run out energy resources faster. Used energy only
when it is required or needed. Do not waste.
