Nazsel Angelu R.
Asuncion com192
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF GRAPHICS AND LAYOUT
1. BALANCE – Balance in design is similar to balance in physics. A large shape close to the center can be balanced
by a small shape close to the edge. Balance provides stability and structure to a design. It’s the weight
distributed in the design by the placement of your elements.
2. PROXIMITY – Proximity creates relationship between elements. It provides a focal point. Proximity doesn’t mean
that elements have to be placed together, it means they should be visually connected in some way.
3. ALIGNMENT – Allows us to create order and organization. Aligning elements allows them to create a visual
connection with each other.
4. REPETITION – Repetition strengthens a design by tying together individual elements. It helps to create
association and consistency. Repetition can create rhythm (a feeling of organized movement).
5. CONTRAST – Contrast is the juxtaposition of opposing elements (opposite colures on the color wheel, or value
light / dark, or direction – horizontal / vertical). Contrast allows us to emphasize or highlight key elements in
your design.
6. SPACE – Space in art refers to the distance or area between, around, above, below, or within elements. Both
positive and negative space are important factors to be considered in every design.
CREATING INFOGRAPHICS
1. Identify the audience for your infographic.
2. Collect your content and relevant data.
3. Choose your desired infographic template.
4. Download your template to PowerPoint.
5. Customize your infographic.
6. Include a footer with your sources and logo.
7. Add an embed code and Pinterest button, and publish it.
ONLINE FILE FORMATS FOR IMAGES
1. TIFF (also known as TIF), file types ending in .tif
TIFF stands for Tagged Image File Format. TIFF images create very large file sizes. TIFF images are uncompressed and
thus contain a lot of detailed image data
TIFF is the most common file type used in photo software (such as Photoshop), as well as page layout software
(such as Quark and InDesign), again because a TIFF contains a lot of image data.
2. JPEG (also known as JPG), file types ending in .jpg
GIF stands for Graphic Interchange Format.
A JPEG is compressed in a way that loses some of the image detail during the compression in order to make the file
small (and thus called “lossy” compression).
JPEG files are usually used for photographs on the web, because they create a small file that is easily loaded on a
web page and also looks good.
JPEG files are bad for line drawings or logos or graphics, as the compression makes them look “bitmappy” (jagged
lines instead of straight ones).
3. GIF, file types ending in .gif
GIF stands for Graphic Interchange Format. This format compresses images but, as different from JPEG, the
compression is lossless (no detail is lost in the compression, but the file can’t be made as small as a JPEG).
GIFs also have an extremely limited color range suitable for the web but not for printing. This format is never used
for photography, because of the limited number of colors. GIFs can also be used for animations.
4. PNG, file types ending in .png
PNG stands for Portable Network Graphics. It was created as an open format to replace GIF, because the patent for
GIF was owned by one company and nobody else wanted to pay licensing fees. It also allows for a full range of
color and better compression.
5. Raw image files
Raw image files contain data from a digital camera (usually). The files are called raw because they haven’t been
processed and therefore can’t be edited or printed yet. There are a lot of different raw formats–each camera
company often has its own proprietary format.
Raw files usually contain a vast amount of data that is uncompressed. Because of this, the size of a raw file is
extremely large. Usually they are converted to TIFF before editing and color-correcting.
Most of this info is courtesy of Wikipedia, which is a great place to read more about all 5 file types.
PRINCIPLES AND BASIC TECHNIQUES OF IMAGE MANIPULATION
1. Choose the right file format.
Try to make a real-life photograph into GIF to see the difference between PNG, GIF and JPEG. Knowing the
purpose is the key to finding out the best file formats.
2. Choose the right image size.
A camera with 12 megapixels constitutes to a bigger image size. Monitors have a resolution limit, so even if
you have a million megapixels, it will not display everything. Thus, it is not always wise to make our image
big, most especially in a website. Know how much space you want the image to consume. Or have a “preview”
image where the audience has the option to “see full size.”
3. Caption it.
Remember to put a caption on images whenever possible. If it’s not related to the web page, then remove it.
UPLOADING SHARING AND IMAGE HOSTING
When you want to share a photo or a gallery with friends, family, a message board, or even the entire
Internet, an image hosting site is the best way to upload, store, and share your files. However, there are many
image hosting sites, all with different features. The best site for you will depend on how many photos you
need to upload, how much time you want to spend uploading, and the reason you’re uploading the photos.
Here are 13 of the best image hosting sites that can help you upload and share photos:
1. Google photos 8. SmugMug
2. Imgur 9. Free Image [Link]
3. Dropbox 10. PostImage
4. TinyPic 11. ImageShack
5. Use 12. ImageVenue
6. Flickr 13. imgbox
7. 500px
