International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics
Volume 119 No. 18 2018, 2639-2648
ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)
url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/
Special Issue
http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/
DEVELOPMENT OF LOW COST
PORTABLE AUTOMATIC MILK VENDING
MACHINE
1
M. Dinesh Kumar,
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Mechatronics, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology ,
Sathyamangalam, Erode -638401,Tamilnadu,India.
1
[email protected]
Abstract
Vending machines has played a vital role in making human life easier. Automated
vending machines are highly helpful in providing various items needed for general people. This
paper discusses about development of an automatic milk vending machine especially useful for
people in southern India. Though there is some earlier version of these machines available this
project paper focuses on providing low cost simple design that could be easily accessed by
common people
Introduction
A vending machine is an automated machine that provides items such
as snacks, beverages, alcohol, cigarettes and lottery tickets to consumers after money or
a credit card is inserted into the machine. The first modern vending machines were developed
in England in the early 1880s that dispensed postcards. Vending machines exist in many
countries, and in more recent times, specialized vending machines that provide less common
products compared to traditional vending machine items have been created and provided to
consumers. Coin-operated machines that dispensed tobacco were being operated as early as
1615 in the taverns of England[1]. The machines were portable and made of brass. The first
vending machine in the U.S. was built in 1888 by the Thomas Adams Gum Company, selling gum
on New York City train platforms. The idea of adding games to these machines as a further
incentive to buy came in 1897 when the Pulver Manufacturing Company added small figures,
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International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue
which would move around whenever somebody bought some gum from their machines. This
idea spawned a whole new type of mechanical device known as the "trade stimulators"[2]. This
project focuses on developing a milk vending machine addressing the practical difficulties like
accessibility, high cost, etc., faced by the public people.
Objective
We had a survey with our project team in some parts of Karnataka, yes government of
Karnataka and some commercial companies have installed these water vending machines in
public places like railway stations, bus stands etc[3]. but we have discovered a lot of
disadvantages and un similarities in these water vending machines they are as follows, first the
huge machines cause the difficulty of shifting and installing, second the investment is very high
(around 3-5 lakhs rupees) and cannot be transported easily finally the maintenance is very high.
After observing some of these problems we have decided to overcome these problems with
some of small solution that we could do[4]. On the basis of our survey it is found that the
present coin operated milk vending machines are huge and occupy more space and cannot be
utilized in all the required places. The main objective of this project was to provide purified
portable milk at economical cost in pre-filled milk packets on an low cost portable vending
machine[5].
Methodology
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Literature survey on existing Vending Machines
Coffee Vending Machine
It’s a unique entity in the industry, actively committed towards offering an optimum
quality range of Automatic Coffee Vending Machine. In accordance with the set industry
standards, this machine is manufactured by skilled professionals using high grade components
and latest technology. Owing to its smooth operation and long service life, the offered machine
is highly demanded among clients[6]. Moreover, to ensure optimum performance, this machine
is stringently tested by quality experts on various quality parameters. This machine gives coffee
when inserted coin. Cost of this vending machine: ₹100k
Automatic Snack Vending Machine
To meet variegated demands of clients, they are engaged in manufacturing, exporting
and supplying an exclusive range of Automatic Snack Vending Machine. Specifications:
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Dimensions H XW X D mm): 1845 X 810 X 905 Axial levering Port at optimum setting) Weight:
275 Kgs. Electrical: 230 V. 50 Hz. 0.12 Amps. Selections: 26 as standard, 42 maximum Factory
Configuration: 9 Snacks. 10 small sized Snacks. 7 Candy. 200- 400 ferns Styling: Clam Front
Application: Suitable for Potato Chips, Cheese Puffs and Crackers. Cookies, Cupcakes and
Biscuits Features: Electronic Controller with Digi M1 Display 24VDC Motorized Vending
Mechanism Supports 2 Add-on Machines Adjustable Tray Partition and Height Product Vend
Sensor Fast and Easy Product Loading Price: ₹2.75 lakhs
Coin Operated Water Vending Machine
Water ATM/Purified Water Vending Machine Water Source: Municipal Tap Water/Raw
Water Power Supply: AC220V 50Hz / AC110V 60Hz. Production Capacity(GPD):
400,600,800,1300,1600 and 3000 Water Tank Capacity: 200L UV Power: 20w Ozone Capacity:
1000mg Filling Flow Rate: 8L/min Selling Method(Refundable): IC Card+ Coins + Paper note Size
of Filling Bottle: 200ml,500ml,1L,2L,20Ltr(at a time in one tap) Filtration Step: 9 Steps Size:
L80cmxW68cmxH200cm Packing: Carton for FCL or Poly Wood case for LCL LCD Panel: 19inch
for advertisement Technology: Pre Filtration (German Technology) + Reverse
Osmosis(RO)+Ultra Violet(UV) Technology +Ozonating Price= ₹5lakh[7].
Design and Modelling
Figure 1 General design of vending machine
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Figure 2Interior Design of a vending machine
The vending machine earlier designed as shown above was a general designed used
everywhere. We modified that above mentioned design with the following components. A coin
acceptor DG600F Series of coin acceptor is an electronic coin acceptor with high reliability,
which is widely used in amusement facilities, vending machines and so on. A general purpose
40 pin 8051 development board with on board power supply circuit, RS232 port for serial
interface with computer and other serial devices, reset switch, power status LED and a general -
purpose switch and LED. The board is compatible with the AT89S51/52 and the P89V51RD2
microcontrollers. The P89V51RD2 allows serial programming and can be programmed directly
with this board through a serial connection to a PC without the need for an additional external
programmer.
The W78E052D series is an 8-bit microcontroller which can accommodate a wider
frequency range with low power consumption. The instruction set for the W78E054D/
W78E052D/ W78E051D series is fully compatible with the standard 8052. The W78E052D series
contains 16K/8K/4K bytes Flash EPROM programmable by hardware writer; a 256 bytes RAM;
four 8-bit bi-directional (P0, P1, P2, P3) and bit-addressable I/O ports; an additional 4-bit I/O
port P4; three 16-bit timer/counters; a hardware watchdog timer and a serial port. These
peripherals are supported by 8 sources 4-level interrupt capability. To facilitate programming
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and verification, the Flash EPROM inside the W78E052D series allows the program memory to
be programmed and read electronically. [6-8]Once the code is confirmed, the user can protect
the code for security. The W78E052D series microcontroller has two power reduction modes,
idle mode and power-down mode, both of which are software selectable. The idle mode turns
off the processor clock but allows for continued peripheral operation. The power-down mode
stops the crystal oscillator for minimum power consumption. The external clock can be stopped
at any time and in any state without affecting the processor. The W78E052D series contains
InSystem Programmable (ISP) 2KB LDROM for loader program, operating voltage from 3.3V to
5.5V.
The L293 and L293D devices are quadruple high- current half-H drivers. The L293 is
designed to provide bidirectional drive currents of up to 1 A at voltages from 4.5 V to 36 V. The
L293D is designed to provide bidirectional drive currents of up to 600-mA at voltages from 4.5 V
to 36 V. Both devices are designed to drive inductive loads such as relays, solenoids, DC and
bipolar stepping motors, as well as other high-current/high-voltage loads in positive supply
applications. Battery Type - 12 volt 12 amps 20 hour sealed lead acid battery with f2 style
terminals. The materials used in the construction of the product are Stainless Steel Sheet Metal
and Cast Iron. For the container that holds the dispenser and electronic circuit the sheet metal
is cut and welded at the edges. The coin acceptor is bolted to the front side of the container. At
its back, a door is hinged for accessing the dispenser. Cast Iron is used to make the stand as
shown in the CADD model.
Interfacing
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Figure 3- Interfacing diagram – DG600F and Microcontroller
A solenoid consists of a steel plunger inside an electric coil which is wrapped around a
tube. When the coil is energised a magnetic field is created, and this draws the plunger into the
tube. When the coil is de-energised a spring pushes the plunger back out of the tube. To control
a solenoid the standard MOSFET circuit is used.
Figure 4- Logic Diagram of Solenoid Valve
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The solenoid valve can be used to control fluid flow through a system. Isonic valves are
ideal for battery operated products as operate at a low voltage and draw much less current
than traditional solenoid valves. The standard transistor switching circuit can be used to drive
the isonic valve.
Figure 5- Interfacing Diagram – Solenoid valve and Microcontroller
Results and Discussions
The overall cost of the machine is very low in comparison with other machines in the
market. The product occupies very less space i.e. 400 x 400 cm on the floor. The machine works
24hours as it will work on battery power. Availability of milk increases when installed around
the places. The design and development of the product is taught through so much that the
maintenance is highly reduced. The machine uses RO safe components.
Conclusion
As the milk vending machine will be a huge turn over for the companies and the people
will be treated equally as everyone can access the machine. Milk supply around this area can be
equally distributed through these vending machines. Only the needed amount of milk can be
taken from the machine and can avoid milk wastage. Payment can be made easier and simpler.
These types of vending machines can be used for all sort of beverages and consumer products.
References
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International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue
[1] Real Time Embedded Based Drinking Water Vending Machine, Sasikala, G., Kuldipsing
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Issn(O)-2395-4396
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