Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region 02
Schools Division of Cauayan City
CAUAYAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Turayong, Cauayan City, Isabela
AUTONOMOUS MONITORING PIONEER FOR
HABITATS, INFRASTRUCTURES AND
TERRARIUMS FOR REHABILITATION, INFLOW
AND TOPOGRAPHY EFFECT
An Investigatory Project
Submitted as a fulfillment of requirement for
Research 10
Submitted by:
JUSTIN REIGN AGUINALDO
DARLENE ANINGAT
QUEENCY GALAPIA
GLAIZA SABOLBORO
SHAN LUMABAN
RIA MERCADO
ACE REBOCA
Researchers
FILMA M. MAXIMO
Project Adviser
ABSTRACT
The researchers conducted this study to know the full potential of applying robotic
equipment in local marine facilities. As standardized levels of keeping a healthy marine
environment are usually overlooked by marine personnel.
The results of this research were obtained by setting up a prototype marine center and
programming its’ needs through an Arduino Mega board, which is programmed using a C-Based
language.
The robot was assembled with the following steps: The robot has a wooden frame that
houses a fiber glass aquarium. To the left side of the wooden frame, is the outer part of the cage
which is the portion of the microcontrollers, the Arduino Mega microcontroller which controls the
sensor and motors, and the ESP32 microcontroller which controls the Internet of Things (IoT)
website. Additionally, the robot’s energy source is based on a solar-powered system. Furthermore,
there are also mechanisms available for auto-feeding and filtration of air and water.
Data showed that the robot fulfilled its’ purpose to aid marine centers. Due to this result,
the null hypothesis was rejected. Based on findings, it was found out that there is a significant
relationship on the increase of fish activity and data gathering. This implies that the production of
robotic equipment based on this research will prove to be a better solution to aid the marine
personnel of local marine facilities in maintaining the organism’s habitats.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Abstract ii
Table of Contents iii
I. INTRODUCTION
II. MATERIALS AND METHODS USED
A. Materials
B. Tools and Equipment
C. Methodology
a. Flow Chart
b. Constructing the Robot
c. Assembling the Robot
d. Finalizing the Robot’s Structure
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
IV. SCOPE AND DELMITATION
V. CONCLUSION
VI. ACKNOLEDGEMENT
VII. REFERENCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTION
A recent report from [Link] showed that over 605 metric tons of tilapia have
died after being hit by a fish kill in Taal Lake. At a farmgate price of P71 per kilo of tilapia, potential
income loss is estimated at P42.9 million. It is not a known fact that as we humans fight for oxygen
as we live, the organisms surrounding us fight for it too. Ecological Hypoxia, or simply put as
oxygen depletion, is a phenomenon that occurs in aquatic environments as dissolved oxygen, or
molecular oxygen dissolved in the water, becomes reduced in concentration to a point where it
becomes sparse to aquatic organisms in a system.
Additionally, in local marine facilities, most of the system levels are also below
standardized levels. This results to a lower-yield is fisheries and low production outcomes. There
are a lot of factors affecting a marine environment. A healthy marine environment keeps the
turbidity, pH, and dissolved oxygen levels balanced. Furthermore, it also manages the amount of
waste in check. These factors are usually overlooked by several personnel.
The following null hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance;
1. There is no significant relationship between the work time of human
personnel and the current statues of the habitat.
2. There is no significant difference on the efficiency of the robotic equipment
in terms of the following parameters; (a) project design; (b) security and safety
of the project; (c) assembly of the project; (d) resistance to stress of the project;
(e) workability of the project; (f) strength and consistency of the project; (g)
portability of the project.
This project can greatly benefit the society in terms of supporting 3 of the 17 Sustainable
Development Goals, namely goals number 6, 7 and 14. These goals give their attention towards
1
clean water and sanitation, renewable energy, and life below water. Additionally, this project also
covers the application of 21st century technology to normal facilities in hopes of bringing them
toward the Philippines’ goal of IT21 which plans to make Philippines Asia’s Knowledge Center.
In addition, the usage of such robotic equipment can answer many of the world’s
work efficiency demands since the robotic equipment will work autonomously and will continue
to work according to its’ program. Changes will only be seen once the programming is altered.
The researchers aim to solve the emerging environmental and technological problems of
the society in connection to society’s demand for better facilities. Hence, the purpose of this project
is to provide a solution to the growing problem of standardized marine centers through the aid of
robotic equipment.
2
MATERIALS AND METHOD
A. MATERIALS
The materials used in the construction of the robotic equipment until the completion of the
said equipment consists of the following:
Wood
Fiber Glass
Turbidity Sensor
Temperature Probe
Dissolved Oxygen Probe
Motors
Arduino Mega Board
Solar Panel
Motorcycle Batteries
Solar Panel Fuse
Breadboard
Jumper Wires
Multi-Function Pump
B. TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
Jumper Wires
Screwdriver Set
Cutting Tools
Hammer
Nails
3
Hand Drill
Lead Iron
Scissors
Copper Wires
Soldering Iron
Screws
Nails
4
C. METHOD
FLOW CHART
Testing of the
Gathering of Data
Robotic
Materials Gathering
Equipment
Finalization of
Preparation of Analyzing the
the Robotic
Materials Gathered Data
Equipment
Assembling of Construction
the Robotic of the Robotic
Equipment Equipment
5
CONSTRUCTING THE MACHINE
The researchers constructed the framework of the robotic equipment following the given
process: The researchers cut wood to form a 4x2 long frame which would house a fiber glass
aquarium made to fit inside. The researchers nailed the wood down and secured them in place using
zip ties to form the frame. The fiber glass aquarium also measured 4x2 feet, however, now with a
depth of 5 inches. These parts were stuck together using silicon with the aid of a silicon gun. The
equipment was then equipped with a turbidity sensor, pH level sensor, temperature sensor and
dissolved oxygen sensor.
The dissolved oxygen sensor is a passive sensor that detects the current oxygen level of
the water environment it’s in. Although this sensor is known to detect the current oxygen, it can
also determine the current salinity of the water it is placed in.
As stated earlier, excess waste is also a main contributor in oxygen depletion. These waste
also take up space, causing oxygen depletion. DFRobot’s turbidity sensor is used to measure the
current turbidity, or cloudiness present in the water.
Cooler water tend to carry more oxygen than warmer water. If it is detected that the water
is warm, the robotic equipment will automatically introduce cooler water to the environment. Such
is the process if ever that the robotic equipment would be applied to a large-scale project. For the
fulfillment of this condition, DFRobot’s temperature probe was used.
The ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the current water level. Water levels are important
because they also play a big role in introducing oxygen level. Water levels also contribute to oxygen
depletion. The usage of an ultrasonic sensor is then introduced to provide help for this problem.
6
ASSEMBLING THE MACHINE
The robotic equipment was assembled through the following steps: The researchers placed
the fiber glass aquarium inside the wooden frame and began sticking the boards down on the left
portion of the frame. The solar panel was attached on the uppermost part of the equipment and the
battery were placed on the side. The watering system were placed separately on its own frame.
FINALIZING THE MACHINE
In finalizing the product, the researchers connected all the wires together, finally
programming them to fit the standards of the prototype. A final test was run before the project was
finished.
7
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In this section, the data are presented in the form of a table. The following table shows
the testing results when the robotics equipment was run.
SENSOR FUNCTION TEST TEST VALUE RESULT
CONDITION
Distance Sensor Water level in IF (DS>=25cm) DS = 25 cm Pump Water
the Aquarium then water DS = 26 cm Pump Water
pumps to release DS = 24 cm No Action
ELSE no action
Temperature Temperature of IF (TS>=21C) TS = 21C Release & Refill
Sensor water in the then Release Water
Aquarium Water & Refill TS = 24C Release & Refill
Water based in Water
required TS = 19C No Action
Distance
ELSE No Action
Turbidity Sensor Turbidity of IF (TBS>=9) TBS = 7 Release & Refill
water in the then Release and Water
Aquarium Refill Water TBS = 8 Release & Refill
ELSE No Action Water
TBS = 9 No Action
Dissolved Dissolved IF (DO>=9) and DO = 10 No Action
Oxygen Sensor oxygen in water (DO>=10) No
Action DO = 8 Release & Refill
ELSE Release Water
and Refill Water
Servo-DC Motor Feeding Evert 10 Every 10 Release Fish
Mechanism seconds, open seconds Feeds
feeder
8
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION
The produced robotic equipment is a self-feeding, self-refilling of water, data-
gatherer of turbidity, temperature, and oxygen levels, solar-powered monitoring system for fishes.
It relays all the data it gathered to a website that is developed by the researchers.
1. DISTANCE SENSOR – The distance sensor will measure out the current water level
of the water. Due to the high heat of the sun, especially observed here in our region,
water evaporate and the water has a higher temperature. If the detected dissolved
oxygen is any value lower than 6, the robotic equipment will release water based on
the set water level and refill the tank to gain the normal dissolved oxygen and ideal
temperature.
2. TEMPERATURE SENSOR – When the water temperature is observed and the
robotic equipment has detected that, it will send the data to the IoT database. This will
then trigger the work of the auto-watering system.
3. AUTO-WATERING SYSTEM – When it is detected that the water temperature is
high, the introduction of cold water will begin. This can help because when the water
movement is introduced, oxygen will also enter the tank.
4. DISSOLVED OXYGEN SENSOR – Dissolved oxygen refers to the level of free
oxygen compound present in water and other liquids. This is what underwater living
organisms use to live. A dissolved oxygen level that is too high or too low can harm
aquatic life and affect water quality. When the robotic equipment detects that the
current oxygen level is too high, it would release water and along with that release the
excess waste that is present.
5. TURBIDITY SENSOR – When it is detected that the water is cloudy, which means
9
that there is a number of fish waster and uneaten food, it will send data to the robotic
equipment’s main controller to release dirty water and refill clean water to neutralize
the current levels of dissolved oxygen, temperature, and water level.
6. EXTERNAL WATER FILTER – Because of excess waste, which also takes up
space in the tank and will cause oxygen depletion, the data that is sent by the turbidity
sensor, the water filter will the work out to filter out the excess aster along with the
introduction of new water to the tank.
7. AUTO-FEEDING – Although excess waste is also a problem, it can’t be helped that
the fish will only eat what they want to eat. However, following this concept, the user
won’t be always be there to give food to the fish. Thus, the concept of auto-feeding is
introduced.
10
