INDEPENDENT STUDY Course Code No.

GUIDE
1
(ISG)

Name:CRISTEL N. IGUAL Program: BSED 2- FILIPINO

Score
Professor: CHARMAINE C. RECINTO Date: AUG.31,2019
/
Content Standard/Topic: Team Sports (Basketball)
Objectives – At the end of this ISG, I will learn to

• Discuss the nature/ background of basketball;

• Practice proper and acceptable behavior (e.g. fairness, respect for authority,) when participating
in basketball;
• Proficiently execute basic skills and tactics in basketball;

Introduction

Your generation has gone a long way in terms of advancements in science and technology.
Machines, computers, cellphones, and other advanced gadgets are all around you now. The classroom
has been having difficulties in competing with these modern technologies that, in one way or another,
always find opportunities to divert your attention from improving holistic health.

Through the different activities, you will be introduced with the essential knowledge and skills you
needed to learn about basketball. You were provided with opportunities to express and demonstrate your
understanding of the benefits that you and other people can derive from engaging and participating in
team sports (basketball) by answering the mind-extracting and thought-provoking questions given.

You were made to realize that in the team sports, individual expertise is highly appreciated but not
at the expense of sacrificing the whole team. You might have been good or even the best, but you still
need the team to back you up and make things happen together. That’s why it’s called team sports after
all. Each member plays an important role in the game. Winning might have been important to you and
your team, but how you played the games was even more essential. Each member of the team is
essentially unique considering their respective roles and areas of expertise but also equally necessary in
carrying out a fit and healthy team.

This learning material was made for you. It introduces you to the world of basketball. As you go
along, you will encounter activities that allow you to demonstrate understanding of the benefits derived
from your engagement and participation in basketball which eventually promote fitness, health, and
wellness.

Discussion

Nature and Background of Basketball

Basketball is a team sport in which two teams, most commonly of five players each, opposing one
another on a rectangular court, compete with the primary objective of shooting a basketball through the
defender's hoop mounted to a backboard while preventing the opposing team from shooting through their
own hoop. A field goal is worth two points, unless made from behind the three-point line, when it is worth
three. After a foul, timed play stops and the player fouled or designated to shoot a technical foul is given
one or more one-point free throws. The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but if
regulation play expires with the score tied, an additional period of play (overtime) is mandated.
Players advance the ball by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling) or by passing it to a
teammate, both of which require considerable skill. On offense, players may use a variety of shots—
the lay-up, the jump shot, or a dunk; on defense, they may steal the ball from a dribbler, intercept passes,
or block shots; either offense or defense may collect a rebound, that is, a missed shot that bounces from
rim or backboard. It is a violation to lift or drag one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or
to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.
The five players on each side at a time fall into five playing positions: the tallest player is usually
the center, the tallest and strongest is the power forward, a slightly shorter but more agile big man is
the small forward, and the shortest players or the best ball handlers are the shooting guard and the point
guard, who implements the coach's game plan by managing the execution of offensive and defensive
plays (player positioning). Informally, players may play three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one.

Source: [Link]

History of Basketball

In early December 1891, Canadian James Naismith, a physical education professor and instructor
at the International Young Men's Christian Association Training School (YMCA) (today, Springfield
College) in Springfield, Massachusetts, was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy day. He wrote
the basic rules and nailed a peach basket onto a 10-foot (3.0 m) elevated track. In contrast with modern
basketball nets, this peach basket retained its bottom, and balls had to be retrieved manually after each
"basket" or point scored; this proved inefficient, however, so the bottom of the basket was removed,
allowing the balls to be poked out with a long dowel each time.

Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball with a set of laces to close off the hole needed
for inserting the inflatable bladder after the other sewn-together segments of the ball's cover had been
flipped outside-in. Eventually a lace-free ball construction method was invented, and this change to the
game was endorsed by Naismith. The first balls made specifically for basketball were brown, and it was
only in the late 1950s that Tony Hinkle, searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and
spectators alike, introduced the orange ball that is now in common use. Dribbling was not part of the
original game except for the "bounce pass" to teammates. Passing the ball was the primary means of ball
movement. Dribbling was eventually introduced but limited by the asymmetric shape of early balls.
Dribbling was common by 1896, with a rule against the double dribble by 1898. The peach baskets were
used until 1906 when they were finally replaced by metal hoops with backboards. Naismith's handwritten
diaries, discovered by his granddaughter in early 2006, indicate that he was nervous about the new game
he had invented, which incorporated rules from a children's game called duck on a rock, as many had
failed before it.
Frank Mahan, one of the players from the original first game suggested to Naismith the name
“basketball”. Naismith agreed since the game is using a basket and a ball and seems that it would be a
good name for it. The first official game was played in the YMCA gymnasium in Albany, New York, on
January 20, 1892, with nine players. The game ended at 1–0; the shot was made from 25 feet (7.6 m), on
a court just half the size of a present-day Streetball or National Basketball Association (NBA) court.
In 1901, colleges began sponsoring men's games. In 1905, frequent injuries on the football field
prompted President Theodore Roosevelt to suggest that colleges form a governing body, resulting in the
creation of the Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (IAAUS). In 1910, that body would
change its name to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The first Canadian interuniversity
basketball game was played at the YMCA in Kingston, Ontario on February 6, 1904, when McGill
University—Naismith's alma mater—visited Queen's University.
In 1946, the Basketball Association of America (BAA) was formed. The first game was played
in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between the Toronto Huskies and New York Knickerbockers on November 1,
1946. Three seasons later, in 1949, the BAA merged with the National Basketball League (NBL) to form
the National Basketball Association (NBA). By the 1950s, basketball had become a major college sport,
thus paving the way for a growth of interest in professional basketball. In 1959, a basketball hall of
fame was founded in Springfield, Massachusetts, site of the first game. Its rosters include the names of
great players, coaches, referees and people who have contributed significantly to the development of the
game. The hall of fame has people who have accomplished many goals in their career in basketball. An
upstart organization, the American Basketball Association, emerged in 1967 and briefly threatened the
NBA's dominance until the ABA-NBA merger in 1976. In 1989, FIBA allowed professional NBA players to
participate in the Olympics for the first time. Today the NBA is the top professional basketball league in
the world in terms of popularity, salaries, talent, and level of competition.
In the Philippines, the Philippine Basketball Association's first game was played on April 9, 1975 at
the Araneta Coliseum in Cubao, Quezon City. Philippines. It was founded as a "rebellion" of several
teams from the now-defunct Manila Industrial and Commercial Athletic Association, which was tightly
controlled by the Basketball Association of the Philippines (now defunct), the then-FIBA recognized
national association.
Source: [Link]

Rules and Regulations

Measurements and time limits discussed in this section often vary among tournaments and
organizations; international and NBA rules are used in this section.
The object of the game is to outscore one's opponents by throwing the ball through the opponents'
basket from above while preventing the opponents from doing so on their own. An attempt to score in this
way is called a shot. A successful shot is worth two points or three points if it is taken from beyond the
three-point arc 6.75 meters (22 ft 2 in) from the basket in international games and 23 feet 9 inches
(7.24 m) in NBA games. A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line after a foul is
made.
Playing regulations
Games are played in four quarters of 10 (FIBA) or 12 minutes (NBA). College men's games use two
20-minute halves, college women's games use 10-minute quarters and most United States high school
varsity games use 8-minute quarters; however, this varies from state to state. 15 minutes are allowed for
a half-time break under FIBA, NBA, and NCAA rules and 10 minutes in United States high
schools. Overtime periods are five minutes in length except for high school, which is four minutes in
length. Teams exchange baskets for the second half. The time allowed is actual playing time; the clock is
stopped while the play is not active. Therefore, games generally take much longer to complete than the
allotted game time, typically about two hours.
Five players from each team may be on the court at one time. Substitutions are unlimited but can
only be done when play is stopped. Teams also have a coach, who oversees the development and
strategies of the team, and other team personnel such as assistant coaches, managers, statisticians,
doctors and trainers.
For both men's and women's teams, a standard uniform consists of a pair of shorts and
a jersey with a clearly visible number, unique within the team, printed on both the front and back. Players
wear high-top sneakers that provide extra ankle support. Typically, team names, players' names and,
outside of North America, sponsors are printed on the uniforms.
A limited number of time-outs, clock stoppages requested by a coach (or sometimes mandated in
the NBA) for a short meeting with the players, are allowed. They generally last no longer than one minute
(100 seconds in the NBA) unless, for televised games, a commercial break is needed.
The game is controlled by the officials consisting of the referee (referred to as crew chief in the
NBA), one or two umpires (referred to as referees in the NBA) and the table officials. For college, the
NBA, and many high schools, there are a total of three referees on the court. The table officials are
responsible for keeping track of each team scoring, timekeeping, individual and team fouls, player
substitutions, team possession arrow, and the shot clock.
 Source: [Link]
Fouls and Violations

FOULS
Personal fouls: Personal fouls include any type of illegal physical contact.

A. Hitting
• B. Pushing
• C. Slapping
• D. Holding
• Illegal pick/screen -- when an offensive player is moving. When an offensive player sticks out a limb and
makes physical contact with a defender in an attempt to block the path of the defender.
Personal foul penalties: If a player is shooting while a being fouled, then he gets two free throws if his
shot doesn't go in, but only one free throw if his shot does go in.

Three free throws are awarded if the player is fouled while shooting for a three-point goal and they miss
their shot. If a player is fouled while shooting a three-point shot and makes it anyway, he is awarded one
free throw. Thus, he could score four points on the play.
• Inbounds. If fouled while not shooting, the ball is given to the team the foul was committed upon. They
get the ball at the nearest side or baseline, out of bounds, and have 5 seconds to pass the ball onto the
court.

• One & one. If the team committing the foul has seven or more fouls in the game, then the player who was
fouled is awarded one free throw. If he makes his first shot, then he is awarded another free throw.

• Ten or more fouls. If the team committing the foul has ten or more fouls, then the fouled player receives
two free throws.

Charging. An offensive foul that is committed when a player pushes or runs over a defensive player. The
ball is given to the team that the foul was committed upon.

Blocking. Blocking is illegal personal contact resulting from a defender not establishing position in time to
prevent an opponent's drive to the basket.

Flagrant foul. Violent contact with an opponent. This includes hitting, kicking, and punching. This type of
foul results in free throws plus the offense retaining possession of the ball after the free throws.

Intentional foul. When a player makes physical contact with another player with no reasonable effort to
steal the ball. It is a judgment call for the officials.

Technical foul. Technical foul. A player or a coach can commit this type of foul. It does not involve player
contact or the ball but is instead about the 'manners' of the game. Foul language, obscenity, obscene
gestures, and even arguing can be considered a technical foul, as can technical details regarding filling in
the scorebook improperly or dunking during warm-ups.

VIOLATIONS

Walking/Traveling. Taking more than 'a step and a half' without dribbling the ball is traveling. Moving
your pivot foot once you've stopped dribbling is traveling.

Carrying/palming. When a player dribbles the ball with his hand too far to the side of or, sometimes,
even under the ball.
Double Dribble. Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the same time or picking up the dribble
and then dribbling again is a double dribble.

Held ball. Occasionally, two or more opposing players will gain possession of the ball at the same time.
In order to avoid a prolonged and/or violent tussle, the referee stops the action and awards the ball to one
team or the other on a rotating basis.

Goaltending. If a defensive player interferes with a shot while it's on the way down toward the basket,
while it's on the way up toward the basket after having touched the backboard, or while it's in the cylinder
above the rim, it's goaltending and the shot counts. If committed by an offensive player, it's a violation and
the ball is awarded to the opposing team for a throw-in.

Backcourt violation. Once the offense has brought the ball across the mid-court line, they cannot go
back across the line during possession. If they do, the ball is awarded to the other team to pass inbounds.

Time restrictions. A player passing the ball inbounds has five seconds to pass the ball. If he does not,
then the ball is awarded to the other team. Other time restrictions include the rule that a player cannot
have the ball for more than five seconds when being closely guarded and, in some states and levels,
shot-clock restrictions requiring a team to attempt a shot within a given time frame.

Player Positions
Center. Centers are generally your tallest players. They generally are positioned near the basket.

Offensive -- The center's goal is to get open for a pass and to shoot. They are also responsible for
blocking defenders, known as picking or screening, to open other players up for driving to the basket for a
goal. Centers are expected to get some offensive rebounds and put-backs.

Defensive -- On defense, the center's main responsibility is to keep opponents from shooting by blocking
shots and passes in the key area. They also are expected to get a lot of rebounds because they're taller.

Forward. Your next tallest players will most likely be your forwards. While a forward may be called upon
to play under the hoop, they may also be required to operate in the wings and corner areas.

Offensive -- Forwards are responsible to get free for a pass, take outside shots, drive for goals, and
rebound.

Defensive -- Responsibilities include preventing drives to the goal and rebounding.

Guard. These are potentially your shortest players and they should be really good at dribbling fast,
seeing the court, and passing. It is their job to bring the ball down the court and set up offensive plays.

Offensive -- Dribbling, passing, and setting up offensive plays are a guard's main responsibilities. They
also need to be able to drive to the basket and to shoot from the perimeter.

Defensive -- On defense, a guard is responsible for stealing passes, contesting shots, preventing drives
to the hoop, and for boxing out.
Source: [Link]
facilities/dimensions-guide/sport-specific-dimensions/basketball
Equipment and Facilities
The only essential equipment in a basketball game is :

• The ball - the size of the basketball is also regulated. For men, the official ball is 29.5 inches
 (75 cm) in circumference (size 7, or a "295 ball") and weighs 22 oz (623.69 grams). If women are
playing, the official basketball size is 28.5 inches (72 cm) in circumference (size 6, or a "285 ball")
with a weight of 20 oz (567 grams). In 3x3, a formalized version of the halfcourt 3-on-3 game, a
dedicated ball with the circumference of a size 6 ball but the weight of a size 7 ball is used in all
competitions (men's, women's, and mixed teams).

• The court - a flat, rectangular surface with baskets at opposite ends. A regulation basketball
court in international games is 91.9 feet (28.0 meters) long and 49.2 feet (15 meters) wide. In
the NBA and NCAA the court is 94 by 50 feet (29 by 15 meters). Most courts have wood flooring,
usually constructed from maple planks running in the same direction as the longer court
dimension. The name and logo of the home team is usually painted on or around the center
circle.
• The basket - is a steel rim 18 inches (46 cm) diameter with an attached net affixed to a
backboard that measures 6 by 3.5 feet (1.8 by 1.1 meters) and one basket is at each end of the
court. The white outlined box on the backboard is 18 inches (46 cm) high and 2 feet (61 cm) wide.
At almost all levels of competition, the top of the rim is exactly 10 feet (3.05 meters) above the
court and 4 feet (1.22 meters) inside the baseline. While variation is possible in the dimensions of
the court and backboard, it is considered important for the basket.
 • Competitive levels require the use of more equipment such as clocks, score sheets,
scoreboard(s), alternating possession arrows, and whistle-operated stop-clock systems.

Exercises

Activity #1
Express your answers to the following questions:

• What do team sports mean to you? (5 points)

-Team sport can help us develop our skills. and also it's a big help to our health.

• What values or virtues can team sports develop in you? (5 points)

-The values that can team sport develop in me is being cooperative to my team.

• What benefits can you derive from participating in team sports? (5 points)
-the benefits in participating in team sports is that you will be able to share your skills to other.
-it can help us relieve from stress.
• How will you going to encourage your family to play team sports? (5 points)
-when we have free time i'll convince and tell them that there's a lot of benefits in playing team
sports.
Activity #2

Let’s see if you really read the lecture. Your knowledge will be assessed on matters of adequacy
and relevance through the questions hereunder listed.

• What is the main goal of playing basketball?

• What specific fitness components are being developed if you play basketball?

• How does playing basketball develop the specific fitness components?

• Why are rules and regulations essential in playing basketball?

• What makes basketball an excellent means of enhancing social life?

Activity #3

Let’s trace the history!

 • Who invented basketball?
-
• In what children’s game did the rules of basketball incorporated?

• Where did basketball first play?

• What was the first ball used in playing basketball?

• Who suggested the name “basketball”?

• When FIBA did allowed the NBA to play in Olympics for the first time?

• When did the Philippine Basketball Association's first game was played?

• Where and when did the first Canadian interuniversity basketball game played?

• What was the basketball association formed in 1946?

• What is the top professional basketball league in the world today in terms of popularity, salaries,
talent, and level of competition?

Activity #4
• Identify the following basketball terms being described.
• It is taking more than 'a step and a half' without dribbling the ball is traveling. Moving your pivot
foot once you've stopped dribbling is traveling.

• When a player dribbles the ball with his hand too far to the side of or, sometimes, even under the
ball.

• Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the same time or picking up the dribble and then
dribbling again is a double dribble.

• Occasionally, two or more opposing players will gain possession of the ball at the same time. In
order to avoid a prolonged and/or violent tussle, the referee stops the action and awards the ball
to one team or the other on a rotating basis.

• They are generally your tallest players. They generally are positioned near the basket.

• These are potentially your shortest players and they should be really good at dribbling fast,
seeing the court, and passing. It is their job to bring the ball down the court and set up offensive
plays.

• The next tallest players will most likely be your forwards. While a forward may be called upon to
play under the hoop, they may also be required to operate in the wings and corner areas.

• These are awarded if the player is fouled while shooting for a three-point goal and they miss their
shot.

• If fouled while not shooting, the ball is given to the team the foul was committed upon.

• If a defensive player interferes with a shot while it's on the way down toward the basket, while it's
on the way up toward the basket after having touched the backboard, or while it's in the cylinder
above the rim, it's goaltending and the shot counts.
• Answer the following questions:
• What is the official size of basketball for men and women?

• What is the size of the basketball court in most of the international games? In NBA NCAA?

• Describe the size of the basket, backboard and its stand.

Student’s Insights

References (APA Format)

[Link]
[Link]

[Link]
guide/sport-specific-dimensions/basketball

[Link]
guide/sport-specific-dimensions/basketball

Teacher’s Remarks: ______ Complete ______ Incomplete ______ Redo ______ For
Consultation