SIR BHAVSINHJI
POLYTECHNIC
INSTITUTE, BHAVNAGAR
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that,
Mr/Miss _______________________________ of Semester 6th Division-A of Civil
Engineering Department bearing En. No. __________________ has satisfactorily
completed his/her term work in the subject DIPLOMA PROJECT-I AFFORDABLE
HOUSING CONSTRUCTION of Gujarat Technological University Ahmedabad,
during academic year 2018 -19 and submitted on 16-04-2019.
Guide
(PROF. T.D. KHEDIYA)
Head of department
(PROF. P.M. YADUVANSHI)
CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION
I, , a student of diploma in civil
engineering department bearing En. No. hereby declare
that I own full responsibly for the information, result and conclusion provided in
this project work titled AFFORDABLE HOUSING CONSTRUCTION
submitted to GUJARAT TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY for the award of diploma in
CIVIL ENGINEERING. To the best of my knowledge, this project work has not
been submitted in part or full elsewhere in any other organization for the award
of any certificates diploma. I’ve completely taken care in acknowledging the
contribution of other in this academic work. I further declare in case of any
violation of intellectual property rights and particular decline found at any
stage, I as the candidate will be surely responsible for the same.
DATE : 16-04-2019
PLACE : BHAVNAGAR
CANDIDATE SIGNATURE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We express our sincere thanks to Prof. P.M. Yaduvanshi, Head of Civil
Engineering department for his support and guidance for doing the project.
I would like to express my profound sense of deepest gratitude to our guide
and motivator Prof. T.D.Khediya, for his valuable guidance, sympathy and co-
operation for providing necessary facilities and sources during the entire period of
this project.
I wish to convey my sincere gratitude to all the faculties of Civil Engineering
Department who have enlightened me during my studies.
The facilities and co-operation received from the technical staff of Civil
Engineering Department is thankfully acknowledged.
I express my thanks to all those who helped me one way or other. We are
also thankful to our team for their support and guidance throughout the period of
project.
Last, but not the least, I would like to thank the authors of various research
articles and books that I referred to.
Name of Student :
Roll no :
Stream : Diploma Civil - 6thSemester
With sincere regard,
___________
ABSTARCT
Housing is a basic need of human being. But this is out of the means of low
income householder who constitute majority of the population in the country. Low
cost housing become must in civil engineering. In this report some methods of low
cost housing given.
First of all, this project presents current situation and trends about low
costing housing in India. This report is mainly concentrated on chapter
construction materials and techniques.
A few low cost materials are developed and discussed in this report. The
material needs for real construction of house are specified. For example, use of
solid blocks for low cost housing and conventional bricks for common housing.
Few techniques and guidelines to make an affordable housing construction
possible, are also discussed. This includes methods of flooring, walling, foundation,
plastering, plumbing, painting and other important construction works.
Later we have chosen one of the possible areas for the construction of the
affordable housing scheme. We have studied the area in detail about general
facilities available nearby, type of soil and linkage of location. We have also
provided plans and elevation which is preferable in terms of economy as well as
the area we have selected also serves the required facilities.
We have also given an approximate estimation of the project, which
includes quantity of materials required, quality of materials desired and the total
cost of project.
This project gives a brief idea on how to use materials and techniques other
than traditional ones for construction and to make it as economical as possible for
the public without compromising the quality of materials. We have kept the
project affordable for people with low-income.
INDEX
SR NO. CHAPTER DETAILS PAGE NO.
1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................01
2. LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................03
2.1 Affordable housing in India..............................................03
2.2 Government’s initiatives..................................................05
3. LOW COST CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS..................................13
3.1 Natural materials..............................................................13
3.2 Man-made materials........................................................16
3.3 Practical examples............................................................17
4. LOW COST CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES...............................21
4.1 Aspects..............................................................................21
4.2 Methods............................................................................24
4.3 Comparison.......................................................................26
4.4 Guidelines.........................................................................28
5. STUDY AREA..............................................................................31
5.1 Site selection.....................................................................31
5.2 Location of Site.................................................................31
5.3 Basic information..............................................................35
6. SURVEY WORK..........................................................................37
6.1 Land requirement.............................................................36
6.2 Typical plans.....................................................................36
6.3 Specifications....................................................................40
6.4 Market rates of items and labours...................................41
7. ESTIMATION..............................................................................44
7.1 Work wise quantity...........................................................44
7.2 Material wise report.........................................................52
7.3 Work wise estimate..........................................................53
7.4 Total Estimation................................................................55
8. CONCLUSION............................................................................56
9. BIBLIOGRAPHY..........................................................................57
TABLE OF FIGURES
SR. NO. FIGURE PAGE NO.
1 Housing Shortage 4
2 The Next Wave 10
3 Non-erodible Mud Plaster 12
4 Coconut Fibres Stabilized Soil Bricks 13
5 Compressed Earth Blocks 13
6 Bagasse Cement-Panels 13
7 Bamboo Panels for housing 14
8 Jute Door 14
9 Fly Ash Bricks 15
10 Coal Washery Rejects 15
11 Ferro Cement 15
12 Aerocon Panels 16
13 Rice Husk Ashand Lime house 16
14 Blast Furnace Slag Room 17
15 Soil Cement Stabilized Blocks school 17
16 Low cost housing unit 18
17 Precast Batten Tile Roof room 19
18 Low Cost Plan Model 20
19 Probable Site’s Satellite Image 32
20 Plan of Single floor 37
21 Plan of scheme 38
22 Elevation of scheme 39
ABBREVIATIONS
SR NO. ABBREVIATIONS EXPLAINATIONS
1 EWS Economically Weaker Sections
2 LIG Low Income Group
3 MIG – I Middle Income Group – I
4 MIG - II Middle Income Group – I
5 sq. mts Square Meters
6 Rs/INR Indian National Rupees
7 ft Feet
8 EMI Equated monthly Installment
9 ˚C Degree Celsius
10 m Meter
11 RCC Reinforced Cement Concrete
12 sq. ft Square Feet
13 cms Centimeters
14 No. Number
15 m3 Cubic Meter
16 % Percentage
17 GoI Government of India
18 Cu.ft Cubic Feet
19 Rn.ft Running Foot
20 Nos. Number
21 Ltrs. Liters
22 Qtls. Quintal
