Keys
• machine elements
used to prevent
relative rotational
movement between a
shaft and the parts
mounted on it, such
as pulleys, gears,
wheels, couplings, etc
KEYS
Saddle Sunk Round
Keys Keys keys
Saddle Keys
• These are taper keys, with uniform width but tapering in thickness on the upper side.
• suitable for light duty only
Sunk Keys
• These are the standard
forms of keys used in
practice, and may be
either square or
rectangular in cross-
section.
• The end may be squared
or rounded
• used for heavy duty, as
the fit between the key
and the shaft is positive.
Round Keys
• A round key fits in the
hole drilled partly in the
shaft and partly in the
hub.
• Round keys are
generally used for light
duty, where the loads
are not considerable.
Knuckle joint
Two or more rods subjected to
tensile and compressive forces are
fastened together
Their axes are not in
alignments but meet in a point
The joint allows a
small angular moment
of one rod relative to
another
It can be easily
connected and
disconnected
Applications: Elevator chains, valve rods, etc
Knuckle joint
Knuckle joint
Cotter joints
• A cotter joints is a flat wedge link piece of steel of
rectangular cross section which is inserted through the
rods at high angle to their axes .It is uniform in thickness
but tapering in width , generally on one side only. Usually
the taper is 1 in 30. when a special arrangement like a
set-screw is provided for keeping the cotter from
slackening ,its taper may be as large as 1 in 7. the end
of the cotter are made narrow to facilitate the hammering
for fixing and removing.
• cotter joins are generally use to fasten rigidly two rod s
which is subjected to tensile or compressive stress along
their axes. this joint is used to connect two circular rods.
• This joint in not suitable where the member are
subjected under rotation.
• Thus they differ from key joints which are used to fasten
shaft and hubs subjected to tensional stress:
Cotter joint
Cotter joints with
socket and
spigot ends
for circular bars
Slots are wider than the cotter.
Cotter pulls the rod and socket tightly together
Clearance: must be provided for adjustment.(2 to 3 mm)
Proportions
cotter thickness = (1/3)diameter of rod
cotter width = rod diameter
Cotter joint
Sleeve and cotter joint
For circular rods
The enlarged ends of the rods butt against each other with a common sleeve over them
•The rod ends are enlarged to take care of the weakening effect caused by slots
Cotter joint with a gib
• Gib and cotter joints are used for rods of
square or rectangular cross section .the
end of one rod fits the end of the other rod
which is made in the form of a strap. A gib
is used along with the cotter to make this
joint. Gib is likely a cotter but with two gib
heads at its ends . The thickness of the gib
and cotter are same.
Gib and cotter joint for rectangular rods
One bar end is made in the form of a strap
A Gib is used along with the cotter.
Gib is like a cotter but with two gib
heads at its ends .
The thickness of the gib and
cotter are same
Gib and cotter joint or rectangular rods
Cotter joints
• A cotter is a flat wedge shaped piece, made of steel. It is
uniform in thickness but tapering in width, generally on
one side; the usual taper being 1:30.
• Cotter joints are used to connect two rods, subjected to
tensile or compressive forces along their axes.
• These joints are not suitable where the members are
under rotation.
Commonly used cotter joints:
• Cotter joint Cotter joint with socket and
with sleeve spigot ends
Cotter joint with socket and spigot ends
• chiefly used for pipes which are buried
in the earth.
• important features of this joint is its
flexibility as it adopts itself to small
changes in level due to settlement of
earth which takes place due to climate
and other conditions.
