EFFECTIVENESS OF REHABILITATION PROGRAM OF BUREAU OF JAIL

MANAGEMENT AND PENOLOGY CABUYAO CITY AS PERCEIVED BY THE

INMATES

Barundia, Kim Malvin

Encina, Jacoby Reibyn F.

St. Vincent College of Cabuyao

Abstract – This study attempts to have an assessment on effectiveness of

rehabilitation program of Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Cabuyao City
as perceived by the inmates. This study shall delve into the answers to the following
questions: 1. What is the level of effectiveness of rehabilitation program of BJMP
Cabuyao in terms of: Operation; Administration; Facilities 2. What are the
problems encountered by the BJMP Cabuyao City in the rehabilitation of inmates?
3. What are the solutions offered to address the afore-mentioned problems?
Findings, based on the data analysed the following finding were given: 1. The level
of Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Program of BJMP in terms of Operation. The
Respondents perceived that the level of effectiveness of Bureau of Jail Management
and Penology in terms of operation of is done in highly effective extent as shown by
the mean 4.23, Conduct periodical inspection of jail and inmates during day-time
by the jail warden is done in 4.6 mean. Conduct periodical inspection of jail and
inmates during night-time by the jail warden is done in 4.18 mean. Conduct
security escort to the detainees/inmates to court during schedules of court duty is
done in 4.84 mean. Conduct physical inspection of all visitors of inmates/detainees
prior entry to the jail including their belongings is done in 4.9 mean. Allowed the
inmates/detainees to have physical activities like sports, recreational games as
schedule is done in 2.66 mean. 2. The level of effectiveness of Rehabilitation
program of BJMP Cabuyao in terms of Administration, The respondents perceived
that they are aware in the level of Effectiveness of Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology in terms of Administration of is done in highly effective extent as shown
by the mean 4.79. Proper booking of inmates/detainees prior to detention is done in
4.86 mean. Provide medicine and medical assistance to ailing inmates/detainees is
done in 4.78 mean. Provide family day to the detainees and inmates is done in 4.62
mean. Allowed the detainees/inmates to have visited by their visitors, lawyers and
other counsels is done in 4.86 mean. Allowed the inmates/detainees to profess their
religion is done in 4.84 mean. 3. The level of Effectiveness of Rehabilitation
Program of BJMP Cabuyao in terms of Facilities, The Respondents perceived that
the level of effectiveness of Bureau of Jail Management and Penology in terms of
Facilities is done in highly effective extent as shown by the mean 4.41 Adequate
supply of water is done in 4.68 mean. Availability of clean comfort room is done in
4.56 mean. Visiting area is available is done in 4.06 mean. Adequate foods and
clean dining area is done in 4.42 mean. Clean and adequate beddings is done in
4.34 mean. 4. The problems encountered by the BJMP Cabuyao City in
Rehabilitation of Inmates, the majority of the respondents are affirming that the
“the detention center has poor facilities” is the most common problem being
experience by the BJMP Cabuyao City in Rehabilitation of Inmates as affirmed by
43 respondents, 86% of the total respondents, falling in Rank 1. 5. The Solution
Offered to address the afore-mentioned Problems, the majority of the respondents
are affirming that the “Provide good detention center facilities” is the primary
solution being offered by the BJMP Cabuyao City in Rehabilitation of Inmates as
affirmed by 48 respondents, 96% of the total respondents, falling in Rank 1.
 I. INTRODUCTION

The use of inmates to run the prisons is considered a challenge to effective

governance. Indeed, abuses identified have been echoed in this Philippine prison setting:
inmate leaders usurp and abuse their authority, they engage in a culture of corruption, and
they re-create inequalities found in the free-world setting. Yet, despite this weaknesses, the
leadership structure that arose among Filipino inmates has strong positive aspects. It mediates
the pains, of helps with adjustments, and provides inmates with mechanisms to preserve self-
identity which normalizes their conditions and better equips them to reintegrate to the outside
upon release. This may explain why, despite the material deprivations faced by Filipino
inmates. This may also suggest that the correctional model of management control, which
eliminates the role of inmates in prison governance, has the inadvertent effect of destroying
inmates’ initiatives and self-identities. Indeed, recent studies suggest that prisons that
implement peer mentor and honour dorm programs where inmates are utilized to mentor other
inmates and co-manage their dorms, have lower levels of violence and recidivism. Inmates
naturally from groups to mediate the pains of imprisonment and that gang formations are not
inherently bad. Although this research is conducted in the most visible prison in the
Philippines, there are reasons to believe that the findings may not be fully generalizable to all
other penal institutions. Indeed, our discussions with correctional officers from other penal
facilities suggest that the use of inmate leaders is ubiquitous. More systematic studies are
nonetheless needed to paint a more holistic picture of the nature of prison management in the
Philippines. They key issue lies in the incapability of the Philippine government to provide
for the needs of the prison. The deprived conditions induce creation of informal coping
mechanisms that are subject to abuse. The Philippine government must first embark on
improving prison conditions by addressing overcrowding, staff training, and providing
operational resources. Without attendant improvements in prison conditions, especially by
increasing well-trained and professional staff, eradicating inmate leadership will make prisons
even more ungovernable.
Thus, this study will be conducted to have an assessment on effectiveness of
rehabilitation program of BJMP Cabuyao City as perceived by the inmates.

[Link] OF THE STUDY

The main objective of this study is to have an assessment on effectiveness of

rehabilitation program of BJMP Cabuyao City as perceived by the inmates. It aimed to:

1. Determine the level of effectiveness of rehabilitation program of BJMP Cabuyao in terms

of Operation, Administration, and Facilities
2. Determine the problems encountered by the BJMP Cabuyao City in the rehabilitation of
inmates
3. Determine the solutions offered to address the afore-mentioned problems

III. MATERIALS AND METHOD

Research Method
The descriptive method was used in this study. According to Best (2001), descriptive
research describes and interprets what is. It is concerned with conditions or relationships that
exist; practices that prevail, beliefs, points of view, or attitudes that are held, processes that
are being felt, or trends that are developing.
In line with this, the researcher considered it as the most appropriate to use since the main
purpose of this study is to have an assessment on effectiveness of rehabilitation program of
BJMP Cabuyao City as prescribed by the inmates. Furthermore, this study is based on the
perception of actual experiences of the detainees in the said detention center.

Respondents of the Study

Respondents of this study are the selected inmates and some BJMP personnel as
illustrated below:

Respondents Frequency Percentage

Inmates 25 50%
BJMP Personnel 25 50%
TOTAL 50 100%

Data Gathering Instrument

The survey questionnaire is composed of three (3) parts. The Part I covers the Level
of Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Program of BJMP Cabuyao in terms of Operation,
Administration, Facilities. The Part II is about the Problems Encountered by the BJMP
Cabuyao City in Rehabilitation of Inmates. Part III refers to the Solution Offered to address
the afore-mentioned Problems.

Data Collection Procedure and Treatment

To treat the data gathered statistically and to arrive at better table presentations, the
descriptive statistics will be used.

(1)Frequency and Percentage

The Formula used was: P = (n / N) x 100
Where:
P = percentage
n = number of responses
N = total number of respondents

(2)Ranking
After finding the frequency and percentage, the data were ranked according to their
magnitude from the largest to the smallest and interpreted in the light of their positional
magnitude.

(3)Weighted Mean
This was used to find the average rating on the items of the questionnaire.

The formula used was: Wm=f(w)/N

Where:
Wm = weighted mean
F = frequency
N = number of respondents
w = the number of occurrence

Point Rating Interval Verbal Interpretation

5 4.20 – 5.00 Highly Effective (HE)
4 3.40 – 4.19 Effective (E)
3 2.60 – 3.39 Moderately Effective (ME)
2 1.80 – 2.59 Less Effective (LE)
1 1.00 – 1.79 Not Effective (NE)
 IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the data on the Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Program of

Bureau of Jail Management and Penology as perceived by the inmates:

Table 1. The Level of Effectives of Rehabilitation Program of BJMP Cabuyao in terms of

Operation.

INDICATORS INMATES/BJMP PERSONNEL

5 4 3 2 1 TOTAL VI

1. Conduct periodical inspection of jail wm 3.3 1.28 0.02 4.6 HE

and inmates during day-time by the
jail warden. F 33 16 1
2. Conduct periodical inspection of jail wm 3.2 0.64 0.18 0.04 0.12 4.18 E
and inmates during night-time by the
jail warden F 32 8 3 1 6
3. Conduct security escort to the wm 4.3 0.48 0.06 4.84 HE
detainees/inmates to court during
schedules of court duty. F 43 6 1
4. Conduct physical inspection of all wm 4.6 0.24 0.06 4.9 HE
visitors of inmates/detainees prior
entry to the jail including their F 46 3 1
belongings.
5. Allowed the inmates/detainees to wm 1.2 0.56 0.36 0.08 0.46 2.66 ME
have physical activities like sports,
recreational games as schedule. F 12 7 6 2 23

Overall mean 4.23

Legend:

4.20 – 5.00 Highly Effective (HE)

3.40 – 4.19 Effective (E)

2.60 – 3.39 Moderately Effective (ME)

1.80 – 2.59 Less Effective (LE)

1.00 – 1.79 Not Effective (NE)

Table 1 shows the levels of effectiveness in terms of operation.

The Respondents perceived that the level of effectiveness of Bureau of Jail

Management and Penology in terms of operation of is done in highly effective extent as
shown by the mean 4.23

Conduct periodical inspection of jail and inmates during day-time by the jail warden
is done in 4.6 mean.
 Conduct periodical inspection of jail and inmates during night-time by the jail warden
is done in 4.18 mean.
Conduct security escort to the detainees/inmates to court during schedules of court
duty is done in 4.84 mean.
Conduct physical inspection of all visitors of inmates/detainees prior entry to the jail
including their belongings is done in 4.9 mean.
Allowed the inmates/detainees to have physical activities like sports, recreational
games as schedule is done in 2.66 mean.

Table 2. The level of effectiveness of Rehabilitation program of BJMP Cabuyao in terms of

Administration.

INDICATORS INMATES/BJMP PERSONNEL

5 4 3 2 1 TOTAL VI

1. Proper booking of inmates/detainees wm 4.3 0.56 4.86 HE

prior to detention
F 43 7
2. Provide medicine and medical wm 4.3 0.32 0.12 0.04 4.78 HE
assistance to ailing inmates/detainees
F 4.3 4 2 1
3. Provide family day to the detainees wm 3.8 0.56 0.24 0.02 4.62 HE
and inmates.
F 38 7 4 1
4. Allowed the detainees/inmates to wm 4.3 0.56 4.86 HE
have visited by their visitors, lawyers
and other counsels. F 43 7

5. Allowed the inmates/detainees to wm 4.3 0.48 0.06 4.84 HE

profess their religion
F 43 6 1

Overall mean 4.79

Legend:

4.20 – 5.00 Highly Effective (HE)

3.40 – 4.19 Effective (E)

2.60 – 3.39 Moderately Effective (ME)

1.80 – 2.59 Less Effective (LE)

1.00 – 1.79 Not Effective (NE)

Table 2 shows the level of effectiveness in terms of Administration

The respondents perceived that they are aware in the level of Effectiveness of Bureau
 of Jail Management and Penology in terms of Administration of is done in highly effective
extent as shown by the mean 4.79.

Proper booking of inmates/detainees prior to detention is done in 4.86 mean.

Provide medicine and medical assistance to ailing inmates/detainees is done in 4.78
mean.
Provide family day to the detainees and inmates is done in 4.62 mean.
Allowed the detainees/inmates to have visited by their visitors, lawyers and other
counsels is done in 4.86 mean.
Allowed the inmates/detainees to profess their religion is done in 4.84 mean.

Table 3. The level of Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Program of BJMP Cabuyao in terms of

Facilities.

INDICATORS INMATES/BJMP PERSONNEL

5 4 3 2 1 TOTAL VI

1. Adequate supply of water. wm 3.8 0.72 0.12 0.04 4.68 HE

F 38 9 2 1
2. Availability of clean comfort room. wm 3.5 0.8 0.18 0.08 4.56 HE

F 35 10 3 2
3. Visiting are is available. wm 2.9 0.64 0.24 0.02 0.08 4.06 E

F 29 8 4 5 4
4. Adequate foods and clean dining wm 3.2 0.88 0.24 0.08 0.02 4.42 HE
area.
F 32 11 4 2 1

5. Clean and adequate beddings. wm 3.1 0.64 0.54 0.04 0.02 4.34 HE

F 31 8 9 1 1

Overall mean 4.41

Legend:

4.20 – 5.00 Highly Effective (HE)

3.40 – 4.19 Effective (E)

2.60 – 3.39 Moderately Effective (ME)

1.80 – 2.59 Less Effective (LE)

1.00 – 1.79 Not Effective (NE)

Table 3 shows the level of effectiveness in terms of Facilities.

 The Respondents perceived that the level of effectiveness of Bureau of Jail
Management and Penology in terms of Facilities is done in highly effective extent as shown
by the mean 4.41

Adequate supply of water is done in 4.68 mean.

Availability of clean comfort room is done in 4.56 mean.
Visiting area is available is done in 4.06 mean.
Adequate foods and clean dining area is done in 4.42 mean.
Clean and adequate beddings is done in 4.34 mean.

Table 4. The problems encountered by the BJMP Cabuyao City in Rehabilitation of Inmates
Problems Encountered Frequency Percentage Rank

The detention center has poor facilities. 43 86% 1

No available prayer room to profess their faith. 24 48% 2

Non-availability of areas for recreation 12 23% 5

The detention center has no available visiting area especially 21 42% 4

during family day.
The detention center has no available conjugal room during 23 46% 3
conjugal visit.

Table 4 shows that majority of the respondents are affirming that the “the detention
center has poor facilities” is the most common problem being experience by the BJMP
Cabuyao City in Rehabilitation of Inmates as affirmed by 43 respondents, 86% of the total
respondents, falling in Rank 1.

Table 5. The Solution Offered to address the afore-mentioned Problems

Solutions Offered Frequency Percentage Rank

Provide good detention center facilities 48 86% 1

Provide prayer room to confess their faith. 22 44% 4

Provide areas for recreation 31 62% 3

Provide visiting area during family day 34 68% 2

Provide conjugal room during conjugal visit 15 30% 5

The table shows that majority of the respondents are affirming that the “Provide good
detention center facilities” is the primary solution being offered by the BJMP Cabuyao City in
Rehabilitation of Inmates as affirmed by 48 respondents, 96% of the total respondents, falling
in Rank 1.
 VI. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Conclusion

Based on this study, as perceived by the respondents based on their actual

experiences; the researchers arrived at the following conclusions:

a) “Conduct security escort to the detainees/inmates to court during schedules of court

duty” has the Highest Level of Effectiveness among the indicators in terms of
Operation.
b) “Allowed the detainees/inmates to have visited by their visitors, lawyers and other
counsels and Proper booking of inmates has the Highest Level of Effectiveness
among the indicators in terms of Administration.
c) “Adequate supply of water” has the Highest Level of Effectiveness among the
indicators in terms of Facilities.
d) “The detention center has poor facilities” is the most common problem being
experience by the BJMP Cabuyao City in Rehabilitation of Inmates.

Recommendations

Based on this research, the researchers arrived at the following recommendations:

a) The detention facilities must be improve though the help of the local government.
b) The national government must allocate essential fund in order to carry out the programs of
the BJMP like allowed the inmates/detainees to have physical activities like sports,
recreational games as schedule.
c) The government must provide medicine and medical assistance to ailing inmates/detainees.
d) The government must allocate fund to have visiting area in all BJMP facilities to have a
better rehabilitation program of inmates.
e) This study should conduct to other BJMP facilities with the same respondent.

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