CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research design, the respondents of the study, the instrument
employed in data gathering and investigation, reliability of the instrument, data gathering
procedure, and statistical treatment of data used in the study.
Research design
This is a quantitative study using descriptive-correlational design which according to
Hopkins (2008) aims to determine the relationship between one thing and another in a population.
It involved the description, recording, analysis, and interpretation of the present nature,
composition, or processes of phenomena.
A descriptive-correlational design will be used to test whether there is an existing
relationship between two or more quantifiable variables, and if there is, to what extent or degree
the relationship is (Ariola, 2014).
Through a descriptive manner of unravelling the phenomena, the researcher will determine
the relationship between the variables whether positive or negative; and the degree or extent of the
relationship is presented.
Research respondents
The researcher will use quota sampling as non-probability sampling in selecting the
respondents among the Grade 12 students of Porfirio G. Comia Memorial National High School.
Through this type of sampling, the researcher selected units from the population to create sample
based on certain characteristic. In this regard, the respondents from each class will be selected to
answer the questionnaire. Their grade average from first quarter to third quarter will also be
recorded for the purpose of identifying their academic performance.
The following table shows the distribution of the participants of the study.
Table 1. Distribution of Respondents
Section Number of Respondents
STEM 10
GAS A 10
GAS B 10
GAS C 10
GAS D 10
Research instrument
The study will use a closed-form questionnaire which is self-made and will go through
validation through test-retest to assess the (title here). It will contain eight items per indicator
having a total of 24 items. The questionnaire will also use a 5-point scale for the quantification of
the gathered data.
Table 2. Scaling and Quantification of Data Used in the Questionnaire
Scale Limit Description Interpretation
5 4.5 – 5 Always Very High
4 3.5 – 4.49 Often High
3 2.5 – 3.49 Sometimes Moderate
2 1.5 -2.49 Rarely Low
1 1 – 2.49 Never Very Low
Reliability of the instrument
Before administering the questionnaire to the respondents, the researcher will use a test-
retest method to test the reliability of the questionnaire. Eight students who are not selected in the
sampling will be requested to answer the questionnaire twice over an interval of two weeks. For
each test administration, results will be tabulated. The reliability of each part of the questionnaire
will be treated using the T-test.
Data gathering procedure
A letter seeking permission to conduct the study will be given to the school principal. After
establishing the reliability of the instrument, the researchers will conduct the study among the
selected respondents. The questionnaires will be administered by the researchers to the respondents
as the researchers encourage the respondents to answer all the items honestly for the reliability and
validity of the results. After the administration of the instruments, the researchers will seek the
assistance of the Statistician to treat the data gathered.
Statistical treatment of data
Descriptive statistics will be used in the study. Considering that the study was finding the
relationship between the given variables, correlation coefficient’s Pearson r will be used in treating
the data gathered.
Two forms of statistics will be used in analyzing the data that were collected from the
respondents. The first is descriptive statistics which includes scoring, frequency counts, and
computation of arithmetic mean.
Mean: m = ∑ x/n
Where:
m = mean
x = number of responses
n = number of respondents sample
Likewise, inferential statistics will be applied in order to test the hypothesis of the study.
Pearson’s R Correlation will be used to find the relationship between the (IV) and (DV).
Inferential analysis:
Pearson Product Moment Correlation
𝑛(∑ 𝑥𝑦)− (∑ 𝑥)(∑ 𝑦)
r=
√[𝑛 ∑ 𝑥 2 −(∑ 𝑥)2 ][𝑛 ∑ 𝑦 2 −(∑ 𝑦)2 ]
Where: r - Pearson correlation coefficient
x - Values in first set of data
y - Values in second set of data
n - Total number of values
References:
(List all the references here.)
Porfirio G. Comia Memorial National High School
Barcenaga, Naujan, Oriental Mindoro
THE EFFECTS OF VICES ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
OF GRADE 11 STUDENTS OF PORFIRIO G. COMIA
MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Research Proposal
Submitted to:
JUDY M. LAYLO
Teacher
JUDY M. LAYLO
JUDY M. LAYLO
JUDY M. LAYLO
Researchers
March 2019
