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(Class – VII)
Exercises
Question 1:
Classify the following as motion along a straight line, circular or oscillatory motion:
(i) Motion of your hands while running.
(ii) Motion of a horse pulling a cart on a straight road.
(iii) Motion of a child in a merry-go-round.
(iv) Motion of a child on a see-saw.
(v) Motion of the hammer of an electric bell.
(vi) Motion of a train on a straight bridge.
Answer 1:
(i) Motion of your hands while running – Oscillatory motion.
(ii) Motion of a horse pulling a cart on a straight road – Straight line motion.
(iii) Motion of a child in a merry-go-round – Circular motion.
(iv) Motion of a child on a see-saw – Oscillatory motion.
(v) Motion of the hammer of an electric bell – Oscillatory motion.
(vi) Motion of a train on a straight bridge – Straight line motion.
Question 2:
Which of the following are not correct?
(i) The basic unit of time is second.
(ii) Every object moves with a constant speed.
(iii) Distances between two cities are measured in kilometers.
(iv) The time period of a given pendulum is not constant.
(v) The speed of a train is expressed in m/h.
Answer 2:
(i) The basic unit of time is second - Correct
(ii) Every object moves with a constant speed - Not correct
(iii) Distances between two cities are measured in kilometers - Correct
(iv) The time period of a given pendulum is not constant - Not correct
(v) The speed of a train is expressed in m/h - Not correct
Question 3:
A simple pendulum takes 32 s to complete 20 oscillations. What is the time period of the
pendulum?
Answer 3:
The time taken to complete one oscillation is known as time period of the pendulum.
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 32
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 = = = 1.6 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑠𝑐𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 20
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Question 4:
The distance between two stations is 240 km. A train takes 4 hours to cover this distance.
Calculate the speed of the train.
Answer 4:
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 240 𝑘𝑚
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = = = 60 𝑘𝑚/ℎ
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 4ℎ
Question 5:
The odometer of a car reads 57321.0 km when the clock shows the time 08:30 AM. What
is the distance moved by the car, if at 08:50 AM, the odometer reading has changed to
57336.0 km? Calculate the speed of the car in km/min during this time. Express the speed
in km/h also.
Answer 5:
Distance covered by car = 57336.0 km - 57321.0 km = 15.0 km
Time taken between 08:30 AM to 08:50 AM = 20 minutes = 20/60 hour = 1/3 hour
So, speed in km/min
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 15 𝑘𝑚
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = = = 0.75 𝑘𝑚/𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 20 𝑚𝑖𝑛
Speed in km/h
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 15 𝑘𝑚 15 × 3 𝑘𝑚
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = = = = 45 𝑘𝑚/ℎ
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 1/3 ℎ 1ℎ
Question 6:
Salma takes 15 minutes from her house to reach her school on a bicycle. If the bicycle has
a speed of 2 m/s, calculate the distance between her house and the school.
Answer 6:
Speed = 2 m/s
Time taken = 15 minutes = 15 × 60 seconds = 900 seconds
Now, distance = speed × time = 2 × 900 = 1800 m = 1.8 km
Question 7:
Show the shape of the distance-time graph for the motion in the following cases:
(i) A car moving with a constant speed.
(ii) A car parked on a side road.
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Answer 7:
Question 8:
Which of the following relations is correct?
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
(i) 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 × 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 (ii) 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 1
(iii) 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = (iv) 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 =
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 × 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
Answer 8:
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
(ii) 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 =
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
Question 9:
The basic unit of speed is:
(i) km/min (ii) m/min
(iii) km/h (iv) m/s
Answer 9:
(iv) m/s
Question 10:
A car moves with a speed of 40 km/h for 15 minutes and then with a speed of 60 km/h
for the next 15 minutes. The total distance covered by the car is:
(i) 100 km (ii) 25 km
(iii) 15 km (iv) 10 km
Answer 10:
(ii) 25 km
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Solution:
Case I:
Speed = 40 km/h
Time = 15 min = 15/60 hour
15
Distance = Speed × Time = 40 × 60 = 10 km
Case II:
Speed = 60 km/h
Time = 15 min = 15/60 hour
15
Distance = Speed × Time = 60 × = 15 km
60
Total distance = 10 km + 15 km = 25 km
Question 11:
Suppose the two photographs, shown in Fig. 13.1 and Fig. 13.2, had been taken at an
interval of 10 seconds. If a distance of 100 metres is shown by 1 cm in these photographs,
calculate the speed of the blue car.
Answer 11:
From the figures 13.1 and 13.2, we conclude that the distance covered by blue car is 2 cm.
So, the distance covered = 2 × 100 m = 200 m
Time taken = 10 seconds
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 200 𝑚
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = = = 20 𝑚/𝑠
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 10 𝑠
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Question 12:
Fig. 13.15 shows the distance-time graph for the motion of two vehicles A and B. Which
one of them is moving faster?
Answer 12:
Vehicle A is traveling longer distance in lesser time as compared to Vehicle B. So, vehicle
A is moving faster.
Question 13:
Which of the following distance-time graphs shows a truck moving with speed which is
not constant?
Answer 13:
(iii) Graph is not a straight line, so it shows a truck moving with speed which is not
constant.
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