Shaping Minds Group Social Welfare-The Human World

VOCABULARY
IELTS 1
1. Annotated : to make or furnish critical or explanatory notes or comment
2. Comprehending : to grasp the nature, significance, or meaning of
3. Colleagues : an associate in a profession or in a civil or ecclesiastical office
4. Retrieving : to get back again
5. Conveys : obsolete
6. Stricter : tight, close; also : intimate; narrow
7. Prescriptive : serving to prescribe
8. Demonstrate : to show clearly
9. Unfold : to open the folds of
10. Melbourne : city E Florida SSW of Cape Canaveral population 59,646
11. Re-allocated : again
12. Drought : a period of dryness especially when prolonged that causes extensive damage to crops or prevents their successful growth
13. Flint : a massive hard quartz that produces a spark when struck by steel
14. Divine : of, relating to, or proceeding directly from God or a god
15. Charcoal : a dark or black porous carbon prepared from vegetable or animal substances
16. Primitive : not derived; original, primary
17. Briskly : keenly alert ;lively
18. Cord : to furnish, bind, or connect with a cord
19. Porcelain : a hard, fine-grained, sonorous, nonporous,
20. Combustibility : capable of combustion
21. Ounce : a unit of weight equal to 1/12 troy pound — see WEIGHT table
22. Fumes : a smoke, vapour, or gas especially when irritating or offensive
23. Succumbed : to yield to superior strength or force or overpowering appeal or desire
24. Ignition : the act or action of igniting: as
25. Pioneered : to open or prepare for others to follow
26. Smouldering : to burn sluggishly, without flame, and often with much smoke
27. Instantaneous : one, occurring, or acting without any perceptible duration of time
28. Stuffed : to fill by packing things in
29. Extol : to praise highly
30. Mediocre : of moderate or low quality, value, ability, or performance
31. Buzzword : an important-sounding usually technical word or phrase often of little meaning used chiefly to impress laymen
32. Masquerading : to disguise oneself; also
33. Flaw : a spell of stormy weather

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34. Naïve : marked by unaffected simplicity
35. Censured : Estimate, judge
36. Notorious : generally known and talked of; especially
37. Damning : bringing damnation
38. Disillusionment : to leave without illusion or naive faith and trust
39. Triggered : a piece (as a lever) connected with a catch or detent as a means of releasing it
40. Storey : the space in a building between two adjacent floor levels or between a floor and the roof
41. Cue : a signal (as a word, phrase, or bit of stage business) to a performer to begin a specific speech or action
42. Asymmetry : not symmetrical
43. Macaque : any of a genus (Macaca) of chiefly Asian monkeys typically having a sturdy build and including some short-tailed or tailless forms
44. Anatomical : a branch of morphology that deals with the structure of organisms
45. Embryos : a archaic: a vertebrate at any stage of development prior to birth or hatching
46. Abstraction : the act or process of abstracting : the state of being abstracted, absence of mind or preoccupation
47. Consolation : the act or an instance of consoling : the state of being consoled : COMFORT
48. Subliminally : inadequate to produce a sensation or a perception, existing or functioning below the threshold of consciousness
49. Sinister : unfavourable, unlucky, fraudulent, singularly evil or productive of evil
50. Stammer : to make involuntary stops and repetitions in speaking, halt — compare stutter
51. Untrustworthy : do the opposite of : reverse, deprive of : remove (a specified thing) from
52. Floral : of or relating to flowers or a flora, a design, pattern, or picture in which flowers predominate
53. Nectar : the drink of the Greek and Roman gods, something delicious to drink, a beverage of fruit juice and pulp
54. Scrambling : to move or climb hastily on all fours b : to move with urgency or panic, to spread or grow irregularly
55. Haul : to exert traction on, to obtain or move by or as if by hauling, to transport in a vehicle

VOCABULARY

56. Wagons : a usually four-wheel vehicle for transporting bulky commodities and drawn orig. by animals, a lighter typically horse-drawn vehicle for transporting goods
or passengers, paddy wagon
57. Bloom : a mass of wrought iron from the forge or pudding furnace, a bar of iron or steel hammered or rolled from an ingot
58. Stacked : to arrange in a stack : pile, to pile in or on, to arrange secretly for cheating
59. Pallets : straw-filled tick or mattress, a small, hard, or temporary bed
60. Fragrant : marked by fragrance
61. Uncapped : opposite of : contrary to
62. Carousel : a large draft of liquor : toast, a drunken revel
63. Centrifugal : proceeding or acting in a direction away from a centre or axis, efferent, tending away from centralization
64. Mites : a small coin or sum of money, a very little : bit, a very small object or creature
65. Teeming : to become pregnant, conceive, to become filled to overflowing : abound, to be present in large quantity

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66. Groves : a small wood without underbrush ²a picnic grove³, a planting of fruit or nut trees
67. Tranquil : free from agitation of mind or spirit, free from disturbance, steady, stable
68. Spun : to draw out and twist fibres into yarn or thread, to revolve rapidly, to feel as if in a whirl, to plunge helplessly and out of control
69. Trivial : commonplace, ordinary, of little worth or importance relating to or being the mathematically simplest case; specifically
70. Deviance : deviant quality, state, or behaviour
71. Bizarre : strikingly out of the ordinary: as a : odd, extravagant, or eccentric in style or mode b : involving sensational contrasts or incongruities a flower with
atypical striped marking
72. Idiosyncratic : a peculiarity of constitution or temperament : an individualizing characteristic or quality b : individual hypersensitiveness (as to a drug or food),
characteristic peculiarity (as of temperament); broadly : eccentricity
73. Deviant : deviating especially from an accepted norm
74. Manifestation : the act, process, or an instance of manifesting, something that manifests or is manifest , one of the forms in which an individual is manifested, an occult
phenomenon ; specifically : materialization, a public demonstration of power and purpose
75. Gazed : to fix the eyes in a steady intent look often with eagerness or studious attention
76. Dissertations : an extended usually written treatment of a subject; specifically : one submitted for a doctorate
77. Pseudo : an extended usually written treatment of a subject; specifically : one submitted for a doctorate
78. Contrived : artificial, laboured, devise, plan, to bring about by stratagem or with difficulty
79. Gullibly : easily duped or cheated
80. Burgeoning : to send forth new growth, to grow and expand rapidly : flourish
81. Contradicts : to assert the contrary of : take issue with, to imply the opposite or a denial of
82. Synoptic : affording a general view of a whole, presenting or taking the same or common view; specifically often capitalized
83. Clamp : to fasten with or as if with a clamp, to place by decree : impose, to hold tightly
84. Gondola : an elongated car attached to the underside of an airship, an often spherical airtight enclosure suspended from a balloon for carrying passengers or
instruments, an enclosed car suspended from a cable and used for transporting passengers; especially : one used as a ski lift
85. Bespectacled : wearing spectacles
86. Vibrant : oscillating or pulsating rapidly, pulsating with life, vigour, or activity, sounding as a result of vibration: resonant
87. Vernacular : the mode of expression of a group or class, a vernacular name of a plant or animal
88. Intuitively : known or perceived by intuition, knowable by intuition, possessing or given to intuition or insight
89. Sifting : to put through a sieve, to scatter by or as if by sifting, to pass or fall as if through a sieve
90. Irony : a pretense of ignorance and of willingness to learn from another assumed in order to make the other's false conceptions conspicuous by adroit
questioning, a usually humorous or sardonic literary style or form characterized by irony
91. Protruding : to thrust forward, to cause to project
92. Chink: a small cleft, slit, or fissure, a weak spot that may leave one vulnerable, a narrow beam of light shining through a chink
93. Thistly: any of various prickly composite plants (especially genera Carduus, Cirsium, and Onopordum) with often showy heads of mostly tubular flowers; also : any of
various other prickly plants
94. Tranquillity: the quality or state of being tranquil
95. Subterranean: being, lying, or operating under the surface of the earth, existing or working in secret : hidden
96. Suburbia: the suburbs of a city, people who live in the suburbs, suburban life
97. Chic: cleverly stylish : smart, currently fashionable
98. Cosseted: to treat as a pet : pamper

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99. Massive: forming or consisting of a large mass, bulky, weighty, heavy, large, solid, or heavy in structure, having mass

VOCABULARY
100. Embankment: a raised structure to hold back water or to carry a roadway, the action of embanking
101. Subterranean: being, lying, or operating under the surface of the earth, existing or working in secret : hidden
102. Maisonettes: a small house, an apartment often on two floors
103. Periscopes: a tubular optical instrument containing lenses and mirrors by which an observer obtains an otherwise obstructed field of view
104. Workaholic: a compulsive worker
105. Bothered: to annoy especially by petty provocation : irk, to intrude upon : pester, to cause to be anxious or concerned
106. Stagnated: to become or remain stagnant
107. Notoriety: the quality or state of being notorious, a notorious person
108. Downsizing: to reduce in size; especially : to design or produce in smaller size, to undergo a reduction in size
109. Quirks: an abrupt twist or curve, accident, vagary, a groove separating a bead or other molding from adjoining members, curve, twist
110. Arable: fit for or used for the growing of crops, land fit or used for the growing of crops; a plot of such land
111. Pasture: plants (as grass) grown for the feeding especially of grazing animals, land or a plot of land used for grazing, the feeding of livestock : grazing, to feed (as
cattle) on pasture, to use as pasture
112. Proxy: the agency, function, or office of a deputy who acts as a substitute for another, authority or power to act for another
113. Succumb: to yield to superior strength or force or overpowering appeal or desire, to be brought to an end (as death) by the effect of destructive or disruptive forces
114. Fatigue: labor, manual or menial work performed by military personnel, weariness or exhaustion from labor, exertion, or stress, the tendency of a material to break
under repeated stress
115. Humblest: not proud or haughty : not arrogant or assertive, reflecting, expressing, or offered in a spirit of deference or submission
116. Contradicts: to assert the contrary of : take issue with, to imply the opposite or a denial of
117. Queue: a braid of hair usually worn hanging at the back of the head, a waiting line especially of persons or vehicles, to arrange or form in a queue
118. Tutorial: of, relating to, or involving a tutor
119. Versatile: changing or fluctuating readily : variable, having many uses or applications
120. Ceramics: the art or process of making ceramic articles, a product of ceramic manufacture
121. Doses: a portion of a substance added during a process, something experienced as if in a prescribed or measured amount
122. Vastly: very great in size, amount, degree, intensity, or especially in extent or range
123. Surge: to rise and fall actively, to let go or slacken gradually, a large wave or billow,
124. Sculpture: impressed or raised markings or a pattern of such especially on a plant or animal part, to shape by or as if by carving or molding
125. Molten: made by melting and casting, having warmth or brilliance, fused or liquefied by heat
126. Sags: drift, to fail to stimulate or retain interest, a tendency to drift
127. Puff: to blow in short gusts, : an act or instance of puffing, small fluffy pad for applying cosmetic powder
128. Crystalline: resembling crystal: as, strikingly clear or sparkling, clear-cut
129. Opaque: exhibiting opacity, hard to understand or explain, obtuse, thick-headed
130. Symphony: consonance of sounds, a musical composition (as for organ) resembling such a symphony in complexity or variety

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131. Exorbitant: not coming within the scope of the law, exceeding in intensity, quality, amount, or size the customary or appropriate limits
132. Recession: the act or action of receding : withdrawal, a departing procession, a period of reduced economic activity
133. Anecdotal: of, relating to, or being the depiction of a scene suggesting a story,
134. Hurdles: barrier, obstacle, to leap over especially while running (as in a sporting competition), overcome, surmount
135. Extinctions: the act of making extinct or causing to be extinguished, the process of eliminating or reducing a conditioned response by not reinforcing it
136. Epidemic: excessively prevalent, contagious, of relating to, or constituting an epidemic, an outbreak of epidemic disease
137. Persistence: perseverance, the action or fact of persisting,
138. Arboreal: of, relating to, or resembling a tree, inhabiting or frequenting trees
139. Marsupials: any of an order (Marsupialia) of mammals comprising kangaroos, wombats, bandicoots, opossums, and related animals that do not develop a true
placenta and that usually have a pouch on the abdomen of the female which covers the teats and serves to carry the young
140. Reservoir an extra supply, a place where something is kept in store, a part of an apparatus in which a liquid is held
141. Momentarily: for a moment, archaic, at any moment : in a moment
142. Thermostat: an automatic device for regulating temperature, to provide with or control the temperature of by a thermostat

VOCABULARY
143. Scorching: to burn a surface of so as to change its color and texture, to afflict painfully with censure or sarcasm
144. Amateur: devotee, admirer, one lacking in experience and competence in an art or science
145. Excursion: a going out or forth, a trip at special reduced rates, deviation from a direct, definite, or proper course
146. Windsurfing: the sport or activity of riding a sailboard
147. Bona-fide: made in good faith without fraud or deceit, neither specious nor counterfeit, made with earnest intent
148. Biodegradable: capable of being broken down especially into innocuous products by the action of living things
149. Pose: to present for attention or consideration, to put or set in place, to assume a posture or attitude usually for artistic purposes
150. Discarded: to get rid of especially as useless or unpleasant, to remove (a playing card) from one's hand
151. Virgin: an unmarried woman devoted to religion, an absolutely chaste young woman, free of impurity or stain
152. Paved: to cover firmly and solidly as if with paving material, to serve as a covering or pavement of, of jewels : set as close together as possible to conceal a metal
base
153. Contaminants: to soil, stain, corrupt, or infect by contact or association, to make inferior or impure by admixture
154. Staples: to provide with or secure by staples, a place of supply : source, a chief commodity or production of a place
155. Frothing: to foam at the mouth, to throw froth out or up, to become covered with or as if with froth
156. Fossil: one whose views are outmoded, something (as a theory) that has become rigidly fixed, an old word or word element preserved only by idiom (as fro in to and
fro)
157. Emission: something (as a theory) that has become rigidly fixed, an old word or word element preserved only by idiom (as fro in to and fro)
158. Modestly: observing the proprieties of dress and behaviour, limited in size, amount, or scope
159. Tutorial: of, relating to, or involving a tutor, a paper, book, film, or computer program that provides practical information about a specific subject

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IELTS 2
1. Monologue: a dramatic sketch performed by one actor, the routine of a stand-up comic, a long speech monopolizing conversation
2. Linguistic: of or relating to language or linguistics, a meaningful unit of speech
3. Factual: of or relating to facts, restricted to or based on fact
4. Endure : to undergo (as a hardship) especially without giving in : suffer, to continue in the same state
5. Seabed: the floor of a sea or ocean
6. Alluvia: clay, silt, sand, gravel, or similar detrital material deposited by running water
7. Buckle: a crisp curl, to prepare with vigor, to cause to bend, give way, or crumple
8. Inevitable: incapable of being avoided or evaded
9. Consortium : an agreement, combination, or group (as of companies) formed to undertake an enterprise beyond the resources of any one member, association, society, the
legal right of one spouse to the company, affection, and assistance of and to sexual relations with the other
10. Dredgers: to bring to light by deep searching, to deepen (as a waterway) with a dredging machine
11. Trenches: a long cut in the ground; a long, narrow, and usually steep-sided depression in the ocean floor
12. Unyielding : characterized by lack of softness or flexibility, characterized by firmness or obduracy
13. Stuffs : personal property, finished textile suitable for clothing; especially : wool or worsted material, subject matter, dunk shot
14. Formidable : causing fear, dread, or apprehension; having qualities that discourage approach or attack; tending to inspire awe or wonder
15. Typhoon: a tropical cyclone occurring in the region of the Philippines or the China sea; whirlwind
16. Holistically : of or relating to holism; a holistic study or method of treatment
17. Cole : any of several brassicas; especially : any of various crop plants (as broccoli, kale, brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, and kohlrabi) derived from the same wild
ancestor
18. Inferential : relating to, involving, or resembling inference; deduced or deducible by inference
19. Perplexing : to make intricate or involved : complicate
20. Notably : in a notable manner : to a high degree; especially, particularly
21. Disrupted : to break apart : rupture b : to throw into disorder; to interrupt the normal course or unity of
22. Dawned : to begin to grow light as the sun rises; to begin to appear or develop, to begin to be perceived or understood
23. Insularity : of, relating to, or constituting an island; dwelling or situated on an island; characteristic of an isolated people; especially : being, having, or reflecting a narrow
provincial viewpoint; of or relating to an island of cells or tissue
24. Cosmopolitan : cosmopolite; having worldwide rather than limited or provincial scope or bearing
25. Genuine: actually having the reputed or apparent qualities or character; free from hypocrisy or pretense : sincere
26. Fumes: a smoke, vapor, or gas especially when irritating or offensive; a state of excited irritation or anger

VOCABULARY
27. Sprawl : to creep or clamber awkwardly; to lie or sit with arms and legs spread out; to spread or develop irregularly
28. Retinas : the sensory membrane that lines the eye, is composed of several layers including one containing the rods and cones, and functions as the immediate instrument of
vision by receiving the image formed by the lens and converting it into chemical and nervous signals which reach the brain by way of the optic nerve — see eye illustration
29. Biometric : the statistical analysis of biological observations and phenomena
30. Regimes : a regular pattern of occurrence or action; mode of rule or management; a form of government

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31. Impoverished : to make poor; to deprive of strength, richness, or fertility by depleting or draining of something essential; represented by few species or individuals
32. Psycholinguistics : the study of the mental faculties involved in the perception, production, and acquisition of language
33. Misled : to lead in a wrong direction or into a mistaken action or belief often by deliberate deceit
34. Rheumatoid : a usually chronic disease of unknown cause that is characterized especially by pain, stiffness, inflammation, swelling, and sometimes destruction of joints
35. Eugenics : a science that deals with the improvement (as by control of human mating) of hereditary qualities of a race or breed
36. Fibrosis : a condition marked by increase of interstitial fibrous tissue;
37. Genome : one haploid set of chromosomes with the genes they contain; broadly : the genetic material of an organism
38. Compendium : a brief summary of a larger work or of a field of knowledge : abstract; a list of a number of items; collection, compilation
39. Curative : relating to or used in the cure of diseases : tending to cure
40. Dystrophy : a condition produced by faulty nutrition; any myogenic atrophy; especially : muscular dystrophy; any of a group of hereditary diseases characterized by
progressive wasting of muscles
41. Foetuses
42. Oppression : unjust or cruel exercise of authority or power; something that oppresses especially in being an unjust or excessive exercise of power; a sense of being weighed
down in body or mind : depression
43. Subtle : delicate, elusive; difficult to understand or perceive; highly skilful; operating insidiously
44. Shuffled : to mix in a mass confusedly; to put or thrust aside or under cover; to move (as the feet) by sliding along or back and forth without lifting; to perform (as a dance) with
a dragging, sliding step
45. Imprisonment : to put in or as if in prison : confine; imprisonment of a person contrary to law
46. Delinquency: a delinquent act; a debt on which payment is overdue;
47. Dizziness: foolish, silly; mentally confused; extremely rapid
48. Apprenticeship: one bound by indenture to serve another for a prescribed period with a view to learning an art or trade; one who is learning by practical experience under
skilled workers a trade, art, or calling; an inexperienced person
49. Weary: exhausted in strength, endurance, vigor, or freshness; expressing or characteristic of weariness; having one's patience, tolerance, or pleasure exhausted; wearisome
50. Embarked: to go on board a vehicle for transportation; to make a start
51. Realm: kingdom 2; sphere, domain; a primary marine or terrestrial biogeographic division of the earth's surface
52. Unprecedented: having no precedent : novel, unexampled
53. Occultation: the state of being hidden from view or lost to notice; the interruption of the light from a celestial body or of the signals from a spacecraft by the intervention of a
celestial body
54. Suburbs: an outlying part of a city or town; a smaller community adjacent to or within commuting distance of a city; the near vicinity
55. Automation: the technique of making an apparatus, a process, or a system operate automatically; the state of being operated automatically; automatically controlled operation
of an apparatus, process, or system by mechanical or electronic devices that take the place of human organs of observation, effort, and decision
56. Intruder: to thrust oneself in without invitation, permission, or welcome; to enter as a geological intrusion; to cause to enter as if by force
57. Meadows: land in or predominantly in grass; a tract of moist low-lying usually level grassland
58. Stints: stop, desist; to be sparing or frugal; to put an end to; restraint, limitation; any of several small sandpipers
59. Prerequisites: something that is necessary to an end or to the carrying out of a function
60. Lounge : to act or move idly or lazily; to pass (time) idly; a place for lounging
61. Pictorial: of or relating to a painter, a painting, or the painting or drawing of pictures; suggesting or conveying visual images; a periodical having much pictorial matter
62. Tolerable: capable of being borne or endured; moderately good or agreeable : passable
63. Dissertation: an extended usually written treatment of a subject

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64. Adverts: to turn the mind or attention; advertisement
65. Aridity: excessively dry; lacking in interest and life; having insufficient rainfall to support agriculture
66. Reservoirs : a place where something is kept in store; supply, store; an extra supply
67. Dams: a female parent of a domestic animal; a body of water confined by a barrier
68. Flickers: to move irregularly or unsteadily; to burn or shine fitfully or with a fluctuating light; to appear briefly; to cause to flicker; to produce by flickering
69. Slippery: causing or tending to cause something to slide or fall; not to be trusted
70. Ridiculous: arousing or deserving ridicule : absurd, preposterous

VOCABULARY

71. Horrified: to cause to feel horror; to fill with distaste : shock

72. Muggers: a common usually harmless freshwater crocodile (Crocodylus palustris) of southeastern Asia; one who attacks with intent to rob
73. Concealed: to prevent disclosure or recognition of; to place out of sight
74. Roistering: to engage in noisy revelry
75. Venomous : full of venom; poisonous, envenomed; having a venom-producing gland and able to inflict a poisoned wound
76. Gonium : germ cell; reproductive structure of a plant or fungus
77. Crucial : important or essential as resolving a crisis; marked by final determination of a doubtful issue; important, significant
78. Prolonged : to lengthen in time : continue; to lengthen in extent, scope, or range
79. Nasty : disgustingly filthy; physically repugnant; indecent, obscene; causing severe pain or suffering; sharply unpleasant
80. Seduced : to persuade to disobedience or disloyalty; to lead astray usually by persuasion or false promises; to carry out the physical seduction of : entice to sexual
intercourse; attract
81. Delinquents : offending by neglect or violation of duty or of law; being overdue in payment; of, relating to, or characteristic of delinquents
82. Frontier : a border between two countries; a line of division between different or opposed things
83. Abolish : to end the observance or effect of; destroy
84. Pharmaceutical: of, relating to, or engaged in pharmacy or the manufacture and sale of pharmaceuticals; a medicinal drug
86. Thematically: of or relating to the stem of a word; of a vowel: being the last part of a word stem before an inflectional ending; of, relating to, or constituting a theme
87. Censorship: the institution, system, or practice of censoring; the office, power, or term of a Roman censor

IELTS 3
1. Propelling: to drive forward or onward by or as if by means of a force that imparts motion
2. Intrigued: cheat, trick; to accomplish by intrigue; plot, scheme
3. Sporadically: occurring occasionally, singly, or in scattered instances
4. Astronauts: a person who travels beyond the earth's atmosphere; a trainee for spaceflight
5. Realms: kingdom 2; sphere, domain; a primary marine or terrestrial biogeographic division of the earth's surface
6. Inextricably: forming a maze or tangle from which it is impossible to get free; incapable of being disentangled or untied; not capable of being solved
7. Saltpetre: potassium nitrate; sodium nitrate; sodium nitrate especially occurring naturally
8. Charcoal: a piece or pencil of fine charcoal used in drawing; a charcoal drawing; dark gray

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9. Pyrotechnic: of or relating to pyrotechnics; firework; any of various similar devices; a combustible substance used in a firework
10. Incendiary: of, relating to, or involving a deliberate burning of property; tending to excite or inflame; a person who deliberately sets fire to a building or other property; an
incendiary agent
11. Leukemia: an acute or chronic disease in humans and other warm-blooded animals characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells in the tissues
and often in the blood
12. Cervical: of or relating to a neck or cervix (neck; especially : the back part of the neck)
13. Pneumonia: a disease of the lungs characterized by inflammation and consolidation followed by resolution and caused by infection or irritants
14. Bronchitis: acute or chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes; also: a disease marked by this
15. Exhaled: to rise or be given off as vapour; to emit breath or vapour; to breathe out; to give forth (gaseous matter); to cause to be emitted in vapor
16. Adolescence: the state or process of growing up; the period of life from puberty to maturity terminating legally at the age of majority; a stage of development (as of a language
or culture) prior to maturity
17. Unbiased: free from bias; especially : free from all prejudice and favoritism : eminently fair; having an expected value equal to a population parameter being estimated
18. Rigorously: manifesting, exercising, or favoring rigor : very strict; marked by extremes of temperature or climate; harsh, severe; scrupulously accurate : precise
19. Antidote: a remedy to counteract the effects of poison; something that relieves, prevents, or counteracts
20. Coarse: of ordinary or inferior quality or value; harsh, raucous, or rough in tone
21. Dung: the excrement of an animal : manure; something repulsive; to fertilize or dress with manure
22. Beetles: any of various insects resembling a beetle; a heavy wooden hammering or ramming instrument; a wooden pestle or bat for domestic tasks

VOCABULARY
23. Beneath : in or to a lower position : below; directly under: underneath; under the control, pressure, or influence of
24. Tunnelling: to pass through a potential barrier; to make or use a tunnel
25. Bury : to dispose of by depositing in or as if in the earth; to defeat overwhelmingly
26. Excavate: to form a cavity or hole in; to form by hollowing out; to dig out and remove; to expose to view by or as if by digging away a covering
27. Aeration: to supply (the blood) with oxygen by respiration; to supply or impregnate (as the soil or a liquid) with air; to make light or sparkling
28. Breeders : an animal or plant kept for propagation; one engaged in the breeding of a specified organism
29. Entomologists: a branch of zoology that deals with insects
30. Exacerbate: to make more violent, bitter, or severe
31. Blurring : to obscure or blemish by smearing; sully; to make dim, indistinct, or vague in outline or character; to make cloudy or confused
32. Rituals: the established form for a ceremony; a ceremonial act or action; a customarily repeated often formal act or series of acts
33. Frowned : to contract the brow in displeasure or concentration; to give evidence of displeasure or disapproval by or as if by facial expression
34. Ambiguity: the quality or state of being ambiguous especially in meaning; an ambiguous word or expression; uncertainty
35. Censored: to examine in order to suppress or delete anything considered objectionable
36. Ethnography: the study and systematic recording of human cultures
37. Mundane: of, relating to, or characteristic of the world; characterized by the practical, transitory, and ordinary
38. Artefact : something created by humans usually for a practical purpose;
39. Coracles: a small boat used in Britain from ancient times and made of a frame (as of wicker) covered usually with hide or tarpaulin
40. Canoes: a light narrow boat with both ends sharp that is usually propelled by paddling

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41. Assemblages : a collection of persons or things : gathering; the act of assembling : the state of being assembled; an artistic composition made from scraps, junk, and odds
and ends
42. Ingenuity : skill or cleverness in devising or combining; inventiveness; cleverness or aptness of design or contrivance; an ingenious device or contrivance
43. Irrevocable: not possible to revoke : unalterable
44. Aesthetic: of, relating to, or dealing with aesthetics or the beautiful; a pleasing appearance or effect
45. Hostility: deep-seated usually mutual ill will; conflict, opposition, or resistance in thought or principle
46. Indigenous: having originated in and being produced, growing, living, or occurring naturally in a particular region or environment; innate, inborn
47. Ventured: to expose to hazard; to undertake the risks and dangers of : brave; to offer at the risk of rebuff, rejection, or censure
48. Strachey: very formal and unbending, and apparently lacking in warmth or a sense of humour
49. Depleted: to empty of a principal substance; to lessen markedly in quantity, content, power, or value
50. Machetes: a large heavy knife used for cutting sugarcane and underbrush and as a weapon
51. Relics : an object esteemed and venerated because of association with a saint or martyr; souvenir, memento; remains, corpse; a survivor or remnant left after decay,
disintegration, or disappearance; a trace of some past or outmoded practice, custom, or belief
52. Epitomize: to make or give an epitome of; to serve as the typical or ideal example of
53. Archaeological : the scientific study of material remains (as fossil relics, artifacts, and monuments) of past human life and activities; remains of the culture of a people :
antiquities
54. Invaders: to enter for conquest or plunder; to encroach upon : infringe; to spread over or into as if invading
55. Myth: a popular belief or tradition that has grown up around something or someone; especially : one embodying the ideals and institutions of a society or segment of society
56. Thrived: to grow vigorously : flourish; to gain in wealth or possessions : prosper; to progress toward or realize a goal
57. Retarded: slow or limited in intellectual or emotional development or academic progress
58. Tenable: capable of being held, maintained, or defended : defensible, reasonable
59. Apace: at a quick pace : swiftly; abreast
60. Drastically : acting rapidly or violently; extreme in effect or action : severe
61. Fluorescent : having or relating to fluorescence; very bright in color
62. Siesta : an afternoon nap or rest
63. Muggy : being warm, damp, and close
64. Impaired : being in a less than perfect or whole condition; intoxicated by alcohol or narcotics
65. Hormone : a product of living cells that circulates in body fluids or sap and produces a specific effect on the activity of cells remote from its point of origin; especially : one
exerting a stimulatory effect on a cellular activity
66. Melatonin : a vertebrate hormone derived from serotonin and secreted by the pineal gland especially in response to darkness

VOCABULARY
67. Pineal : of, relating to, or being the pineal gland
68. Hamsters : any of a subfamily (Cricetinae) of small Old World rodents having very large cheek pouches
69. Murky : characterized by thickness and heaviness of air : foggy, misty; darkly vague or obscure
70. Irritable : capable of being irritated; easily exasperated or excited b : responsive to stimuli
71. Congestion : to cause an excessive fullness of the blood vessels of (as an organ); clog; to concentrate in a small or narrow space

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72. Sophistication : the process of making impure or weak : adulteration; the process or result of becoming cultured, knowledgeable, or disillusioned; especially : cultivation,
urbanity; the process or result of becoming more complex, developed, or subtle
73. Suffrage : a short intercessory prayer usually in a series; a vote given in deciding a controverted question or in the choice of a person for an office or trust; the right of voting
74. Disruption : to break apart : rupture b : to throw into disorder; to interrupt the normal course or unity of
75. Forfeit : to lose or lose the right to by some error, offense, or crime; to subject to confiscation as a forfeit
76. Rugged : shaggy, hairy; having a rough uneven surface : jagged; turbulent, stormy; seamed with wrinkles and furrows : weathered
77. Superb : marked to the highest degree by grandeur, excellence, brilliance, or competence
78. Ski : one of a pair of narrow strips of wood, metal, or plastic curving upward in front that are used especially for gliding over snow; to glide on skis in travel or as a sport; to
travel or pass over on skis
79. Hiking : to travel by any means; to rise up; especially: to work upward out of place
80. Emission : an act or instance of emitting: emanation; archaic: publication; a putting into circulation
81. Tropospheric : the lowest densest part of the earth's atmosphere in which most weather changes occur and temperature generally decreases rapidly with altitude and which
extends from the surface to the bottom of the stratosphere

IELTS 4
1. Elicit : to draw forth or bring out (something latent or potential); to call forth or draw out
2. Lexical : of or relating to words or the vocabulary of a language as distinguished from its grammar and construction; of or relating to a lexicon or to lexicography
3. Intermittent : coming and going at intervals : not continuous; also : occasional
4. Multifaceted: many : multiple : much; more than two; more than one; many times over
5. Erroneous: containing or characterized by error : mistaken; archaic : wandering
6. Robust: rough, rude; requiring strength or vigo ; full-bodied
7. Intrinsic : belonging to the essential nature or constitution of ; being or relating to a semiconductor in which the concentration of charge carriers is characteristic of the
material itself instead of the content of any impurities it contains; originating or due to causes within a body, organ, or part
8. Embraced: to clasp in the arms : hug; cherish, love; encircle, enclose; to take up especially readily or gladly; to avail oneself of : welcome
9. Cetaceans: any of an order (Cetacea) of aquatic mostly marine mammals that includes the whales, dolphins, porpoises, and related forms and that have a torpedo-shaped
nearly hairless body, paddle-shaped forelimbs but no hind limbs, one or two nares opening externally at the top of the head, and a horizontally flattened tail used for
locomotion
10. Blowholes: a hole in metal caused by a bubble of gas captured during solidification; a nostril in the top of the head of a cetacean and especially a whale
11. Degenerated to pass from a higher to a lower type or condition : deteriorate; to sink into a low intellectual or moral state; to decline in quality
12. Rudimentary : consisting in first principles : fundamental; of a primitive kind; very imperfectly developed or represented only by a vestige
13. Stereoscopic: of or relating to stereoscopy or the stereoscope; characterized by stereoscopy
14. Porpoises: dolphin 1a
15. Contrary: a fact or condition incompatible with another : opposite — usually used with the; one of a pair of opposites; contrariwise, contrarily
16. Turbid : thick or opaque with or as if with roiled sediment; heavy with smoke or mist; deficient in clarity or purity : foul, muddy; characterized by or producing obscurity
17. Bout: a spell of activity: as a : an athletic match (as of boxing); outbreak, attack; session
18. Deteriorated: to make inferior in quality or value : impair; disintegrate; to become impaired in quality, functioning, or condition : degenerate

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VOCABULARY
19. Acoustic : of or relating to the sense or organs of hearing, to sound, or to the science of sounds; deadening or absorbing sound
20. Repertoire: a list or supply of dramas, operas, pieces, or parts that a company or person is prepared to perform; a supply of skills, devices, or expedients
21. Choruses: to sing or utter in chorus; a part of a song or hymn recurring at intervals
22. Utterances : the last extremity : bitter end; vocal expression : speech; power, style, or manner of speaking
23. Spinning: to measure by or as if by the hand with fingers and thumb extended; measure; to form an arch over
24. Idiosyncratic: individual hypersensitiveness (as to a drug or food); characteristic peculiarity (as of temperament); broadly : eccentricity
25. Jerking: to give a quick suddenly arrested push, pull, or twist to; to preserve (meat) in long sun-dried slices
26. Wobbling: to move or proceed with an irregular rocking or staggering motion or unsteadily and clumsily from side to side; tremble, quaver; waver, vacillate
27. Deemed: to come to think or judge : consider; to have an opinion : believe
28. Tragic: of, marked by, or expressive of tragedy; dealing with or treated in tragedy; appropriate to or typical of tragedy; regrettably serious or unpleasant : deplorable,
lamentable
29. Sprawls: to lie thrashing or tossing about b : to creep or clamber awkwardly; to lie or sit with arms and legs spread out; to spread or develop irregularly
30. Shrunk: to contract or curl up the body or part of it : huddle, cower; to contract to less extent or compass; to become smaller or more compacted
31. Rebound: to spring back on or as if on collision or impact with another body; to recover from setback or frustration; reecho; to gain possession of a rebound in basketball
32. Deprive: remove; to take something away from
33. Fostering: to give parental care to : nurture; to promote the growth or development of : encourage
34. Ancestral: of, relating to, or inherited from an ancestor
35. Bilingualism: the ability to speak two languages : the frequent oral use of two languages
36. Orthodox : conforming to established doctrine especially in religion; conventional
37. Chiropractor: a system of therapy which holds that disease results from a lack of normal nerve function and which employs manipulation and specific adjustment of body
structures (as the spinal column)
38. Disenchantments: to free from illusion
39. Naturopath: a system of treatment of disease that avoids drugs and surgery and emphasizes the use of natural agents (as air, water, and sunshine) and physical means
40. Eroded : to diminish or destroy by degrees; to eat into or away by slow destruction of substance (as by acid, infection, or cancer); to wear away by the action of water, wind,
or glacial ice; to cause to deteriorate or disappear as if by eating or wearing away
41. Clientele: a body of clients
42. Exuberant: extreme or excessive in degree, size, or extent; joyously unrestrained and enthusiastic
43. Juvenile: physiologically immature or undeveloped : young; derived from sources within the earth and coming to the surface for the first time — used especially of water and
gas
44. Hiccup: a spasmodic inhalation with closure of the glottis accompanied by a peculiar sound;
45. Indulge: to give free rein to; to take unrestrained pleasure in : gratify; to yield to the desire of : humour; to treat with excessive leniency, generosity, or consideration; to indulge
oneself
46. Endurance: permanence, duration; the ability to withstand hardship or adversity; especially: the ability to sustain a prolonged stressful effort or activity ; the act or an instance
of enduring or suffering
47. Manoeuvres: a military or naval movement; an armed forces training exercise an action taken to gain a tactical end

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48. Prowess: distinguished bravery; extraordinary ability
49. Coyote: one who smuggles immigrants into the U.S.
50. Likens: compare
51. Kaleidoscope : an instrument containing loose bits of colour material (as glass or plastic) between two flat plates and two plane mirrors so placed that changes of position of
the bits of material are reflected in an endless variety of patterns
52. Saliva: liquid secreted into mouth
53. Thoroughly: carried through to completion; marked by full detail; careful about detail; complete in all respects; having full mastery
54. Acrobats: one that performs gymnastic feats requiring skillful control of the body; one skillful at exercises of intellectual or artistic dexterity
55. Puppets: one whose acts are controlled by an outside force or influence; a small-scale figure (as of a person or animal) usually with a cloth body and hollow head that fits over
and is moved by the hand
56. Dearth: scarcity that makes dear; specifically; an inadequate supply
57. Impoverished : to make poor; to deprive of strength, richness, or fertility by depleting or draining of something essential
58. Rifted : cleave, divide; penetrate

VOCABULARY
59. Brittle : easily broken, cracked, or snapped; easily hurt or offended; a candy made with caramelized sugar and nuts spread in thin sheets
60. Archipelago : an expanse of water with many scattered islands; a group of islands
61. Treacle a medicinal compound formerly in wide use as a remedy against poison; something (as a tone of voice) heavily sweet and cloying
62. Swiftly : in a swift manner : with speed : quickly
63. Froth : bubbles formed in or on a liquid; to cause to foam; to cover with froth; vent, voice
64. Pumice : a volcanic glass full of cavities and very light in weight used especially in powder form for smoothing and polishing
65. Crater : the bowl-shaped depression around the orifice of a volcano; a depression formed by the impact of a meteorite; a hole in the ground made by the explosion of a bomb
or shell; an eroded lesion; a dimple in a painted surface
66. Irresistible : impossible to resist
67. Rim : brink; the outer often curved or circular edge or border of something to form or show a rim
68. Eruption : an act, process, or instance of erupting; the breaking out of a rash on the skin or mucous membrane; a product of erupting
69. Fierce : violently hostile or aggressive in temperament; given to fighting or killing; extremely vexatious, disappointing, or intense
70. Scrupulous : having moral integrity : acting in strict regard for what is considered right or proper; punctiliously exact : painstaking
71. Elicited : to draw forth or bring out (something latent or potential); to call forth or draw out
72. Corpus : the body of a human or animal especially when dead; the main part or body of a bodily structure or organ
73. Introspection : a reflective looking inward : an examination of one's own thoughts and feelings
74. Leisure: freedom provided by the cessation of activities; especially: time free from work or duties; at one's convenience
75. Messy: marked by confusion, disorder, or dirt: untidy; lacking neatness or precision : careless, slovenly; extremely unpleasant or trying
76. Meshing : to catch in the openings of a net; enmesh, entangle; to cause to resemble network; to cause (as gears) to engage
77. Hurl: rush, hurtle; to send or thrust with great vigor; to throw down with violence; to throw forcefully

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78. Invoking to petition for help or support; to appeal to or cite as authority; to call forth by ; incantation to make an earnest request for; to put into effect or operation : implement;
bring about, cause
79. Adage : a saying often in metaphorical form that embodies a common observation
80. Emeritus : one retired from professional life but permitted to retain as an honorary title the rank of the last office held;
81. Digitizes : to convert (as data or an image) to digital form
82. Contradiction : a proposition, statement, or phrase that asserts or implies both the truth and falsity of something; logical incongruity
83. Dubbed : to confer knighthood on; to call by a distinctive title, epithet, or nickname; to trim or remove the comb and wattles of; to hit (a golf ball) poorly b : to execute poorly
84. Flop : right, squarely; to change or turn suddenly; to go to bed; to fail completely
85. Unorthodox : not orthodox; unconventional
86. Sawdust : fine particles (as of wood) made by a saw in cutting
87. Foreseeable : being such as may be reasonably anticipated; lying within the range for which forecasts are possible
88. Painstaking: the action of taking pains; expending, showing, or involving diligent care and effort
89. Looting: to plunder or sack in war; to rob especially on a large scale and usually by violence or corruption; to seize and carry away by force especially in war
90. Exhaustible: to make somebody feel very tired or weak; remove gas to create vacuum; discharge of waste gases
91. Incredible: beyond belief; amazing; more than thought possible; excellent
92. Doomsday: end of world
93. Extrapolations: infer; estimate value
94. Geared : to make ready for effective operation; to become adjusted so as to match, blend, or harmonize
95. Apprehensive : capable of apprehending or quick to do so; discerning; having apprehension; viewing the future with anxiety or alarm
96. Carnival: public celebration; period before Lent
97. Exotic: introduced from another country; strikingly, excitingly, or mysteriously different or unusual;
98. Enthusiasm: belief in special revelations of the Holy Spirit b : religious fanaticism; strong excitement of feeling; something inspiring zeal or fervor
99. Renaissance: a movement or period of vigorous artistic and intellectual activity; rebirth, revival
100. Choral: of or relating to a chorus or choir; sung or designed for singing by a choir
101. Ample: generous or more than adequate in size, scope, or capacity; generously sufficient to satisfy a requirement or or need; buxom, portly
102. Cuisine: manner of preparing food : style of cooking; also : the food prepared

VOCABULARY
103. Lash: to move violently or suddenly; to thrash or beat violently; to make a verbal attack or retort
104. Piercing : to run into or through as a pointed weapon does; to enter or thrust into sharply or painfully; to make a hole through; to force or make a way into or through; to
penetrate with the eye or mind; to force a way into or through something
105. Innumeracy: marked by an ignorance of mathematics and the scientific approach
106. Superseded: to cause to be set aside; to force out of use as inferior; to take the place, room, or position of; to displace in favor of another
107. Opulence: wealth, affluence; abundance, profusion
108. Splendour: great brightness or luster : brilliancy; magnificence, pomp
109. Vigorous: possessing vigor : full of physical or mental strength or active force; done with vigor : carried out forcefully and energetically
110. Epic: of, relating to, or having the characteristics of an epic; extending beyond the usual or ordinary especially in size or scope; heroic
111. Soviet: an elected governmental council in a Communist country
112. Lantern: a usually portable protective case for a light with transparent openings — compares Chinese lantern; lighthouse; the chamber in a lighthouse containing the light

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113. Thrive: to grow vigorously: flourish; to gain in wealth or possessions: prosper; to progress toward or realize a goal
114. Advent: the period beginning four Sundays before Christmas and observed by some Christians as a season of prayer and fasting
115. Émigrés: liquid secreted into mouth
116. Fled: to run away often from danger or evil: fly; to hurry toward a place of security; to pass away swiftly: vanish
117. Linen: made of flax; made of or resembling linen
118. Tweed: a rough woollen fabric made usually in twill weaves and used especially for suits and coats
119. Unravelling : to disengage or separate the threads of : disentangle; to cause to come apart by or as if by separating the threads of; to resolve the intricacy, complexity, or
obscurity of : clear up
120. Astonishing: to strike with sudden fear; to strike with sudden and usually great wonder or surprise
121. Scampered: to run nimbly and usually playfully about
122. Regurgitate: to become thrown or poured back; to throw or pour back or out from or as if from a cavity
123. Sickle: an agricultural implement consisting of a curved metal blade with a short handle fitted on a tang; to mow or reap with a sickle; to change (a red blood cell) into a sickle
cell
124. Waggling: to move frequently one way and the other; to reel, sway, or move from side to side
125. Sniffing: to draw air audibly up the nose especially for smelling; to show or express disdain or scorn
126. Etcetera: a number of unspecified additional persons or things; odds and ends
127. Abundance: an ample quantity: profusion; affluence, wealth; relative degree of plentifulness
128. Compassionate having or showing compassion: sympathetic; pity
129. Quieter: to cause to be quiet: calm; to make secure by freeing from dispute or question
130. Proximity: the quality or state of being proximate: closeness
131. Humid: containing or characterized by perceptible moisture especially to the point of being oppressive
132. Shady: producing or affording shade; sheltered from the sun's rays; of questionable merit : uncertain, unreliable; disreputable
133. Spectacular: of, relating to, or being a spectacle: striking, sensational
134. Trigger: stylishly or jauntily trim; extremely precise: prim; something that acts like a mechanical trigger in initiating a process or reaction
135. Queue: a braid of hair usually worn hanging at the back of the head; a waiting line especially of persons or vehicles; to arrange or form in a queue
136. Embezzlement: to appropriate (as property entrusted to one's care) fraudulently to one's own use
137. Deprived: remove; to take something away from; to withhold something from
138. Undermine: to wash away supporting material from under; to subvert or weaken insidiously or secretly; to weaken or ruin by degrees
139. Canvas: a set of sails; a piece of canvas used for a particular purpose; tent
140. Purists: one who adheres strictly and often excessively to a tradition; especially: one preoccupied with the purity of a language and its protection from the use of foreign or
altered forms
141. Trout: any of various fishes (as the largemouth bass) held to resemble the true trouts
142. Procrastination: to put off intentionally and habitually; to put off intentionally the doing of something that should be done
143. Largish: lavish; ample, abundant; extensive, broad; having more than usual power, capacity, or scope
144. Jury: a committee for judging and awarding prizes at a contest or exhibition; to select material as appropriate for exhibition in (as an art show) — used chiefly as a participle
145. Elitist: leadership or rule by an elite; the selectivity of the elite; especially; consciousness of being or belonging to an elite
146. Surveillance: close watch kept over someone or something (as by a detective); also: supervision

VOCABULARY
147. Communal: of or relating to one or more communes; of or relating to a community; characterized by collective ownership and use of property; participated in, shared, or used
in common by members of a group or community; of, relating to, or based on racial or cultural groups
148. Magnificent: great in deed or exalted in place — used only of former famous rulers; impressive to the mind or spirit: sublime; exceptionally fine
149. Hovercraft: a vehicle that is supported above the surface of land or water by a cushion of air produced by downwardly directed fans
150. Amplifier: an electronic device (as in a stereo system) for amplifying voltage, current, or power

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151. Pliable: supple enough to bend freely or repeatedly without breaking; yielding readily to others : complaisant; adjustable to varying conditions
152. Scavenging: to remove (as dirt or refuse) from an area; to clean away dirt or refuse from : cleanse; to feed on (carrion or refuse); to remove (burned gases) from the cylinder
of an internal combustion engine after a working stroke
153. Meshed: one of the openings between the threads or cords of a net; a web like pattern or construction; working contact
154. Sharks: a rapacious crafty person who preys upon others through usury, extortion, or trickery; one who excels greatly especially in a particular field
155. Acoustic: of, relating to, or being a musical instrument whose sound is not electronically modified
156. Annoyed: to disturb or irritate especially by repeated acts; to harass especially by quick brief attacks; to cause annoyance
157. Collocations: the act or result of placing or arranging together; specifically: a noticeable arrangement or conjoining of linguistic elements
158. Doltish: a stupid person
159. Impetuous: marked by impulsive vehemence or passion; marked by force and violence of movement or action
160. Idiomatic: of, relating to, or conforming to idiom; peculiar to a particular group, individual, or style

IELTS 5
1. Compiled : to compose out of materials from other documents; to collect and edit into a volume; to build up gradually
2. Tended : listen; to pay attention; to act as an attendant; await
3. Chaos : chasm, abyss; a often capitalized: a state of things in which chance is supreme; a state of utter confusion
4. Conquer : to gain or acquire by force of arms; to overcome by force of arms; to gain mastery over or win by overcoming obstacles or opposition
5. Heyday: high spirits; the period of one's greatest strength, vigor, or prosperity
6. Rivalled : to be in competition with; to strive to equal or excel; to possess qualities or aptitudes that approach or equal
7. Garret : a room or unfinished part of a house just under the roof
8. Vicissitudes : the quality or state of being changeable; a favorable or unfavourable event or situation that occurs by chance; alternating change
9. Lexicographer : an author or editor of a dictionary
10. Patronage : kindness done with an air of superiority; business or activity provided by patrons; the power to make appointments to government jobs especially for political
advantage
11. Obscurities : one that is obscure; the quality or state of being obscure
12. Amidst: in or into the middle of; among; during b : with the accompaniment of
13. Eccentricities : the quality or state of being eccentric; deviation from an established pattern or norm; the eccentricity of an astronomical orbit used as a measure of its
deviation from circularity
14. Folklore : traditional customs, tales, sayings, dances, or art forms preserved among a people; a branch of knowledge that deals with folklore
15. Spectrum : a continuous sequence or range; the representation (as a plot) of a spectrum; the range of frequencies of sound waves
16. Groans : to utter a deep moan indicative of pain, grief, or annoyance; to make a harsh sound (as of creaking) under sudden or prolonged strain
17. Writhing : to twist into coils or folds; to move or proceed with twists and turns
18. Expletives: a syllable, word, or phrase inserted to fill a vacancy (as in a sentence or a metrical line) without adding to the sense; one that serves to fill out or as a filling
19. Denouncing : to pronounce especially publicly to be blameworthy or evil; to announce threateningly
20. Calmly : free from agitation, excitement, or disturbance;
21. Mercy: a blessing that is an act of divine favor or compassion; a fortunate circumstance
22. Revulsion : a strong pulling or drawing away; a sudden or strong reaction or change; a sense of utter distaste or repugnance
23. Overwhelming: tending or serving to overwhelm; upset, overthrow

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VOCABULARY
24. Lunatic : affected with lunacy; wildly foolish
25. Fringe: to furnish or adorn with a fringe; to serve as a fringe for; a group with marginal or extremist views; something that is marginal, additional, or secondary to some activity,
process, or subject;
26. Pent: confined, repressed;
27. Primal: original, primitive; first in importance : primary
28. Benevolent: marked by or disposed to doing good; organized for the purpose of doing good; marked by or suggestive of goodwill
29. Legitimacy: the quality or state of being legitimate
30. Elucidating explain something
31. Transient: passing especially quickly into and out of existence : transitory; passing through or by a place with only a brief stay or sojourn; affecting something or producing
results beyond itself; a temporary oscillation that occurs in a circuit because of a sudden change of voltage or of load
32. Devastating : to bring to ruin or desolation by violent action; to reduce to chaos, disorder, or helplessness
33. Lopsidedness: leaning to one side; lacking in balance, symmetry, or proportion
34. Lobby : a corridor or hall connected with a larger room or series of rooms and used as a passageway or waiting room; a group of persons engaged in lobbying especially as
representatives of a particular interest group; to attempt to influence or sway (as a public official) toward a desired action
35. Scepticism: explain something; doctrine that knowledge is impossible
36. Wrecking: to cast ashore; to reduce to a ruinous state by or as if by violence; shipwreck; to ruin, damage, or imperil by a wreck; to involve in disaster or ruin; bring about,
wreak
37. Drastic: acting rapidly or violently; extreme in effect or action
38. Dwindling: to become steadily less : shrink; to make steadily less
39. Asbestos: any of several minerals (as chrysotile) that readily separate into long flexible fibers, that have been implicated as causes of certain cancers, and that have been
used especially formerly as fireproof insulating materials
40. Malleable: capable of being extended or shaped by beating with a hammer or by the pressure of rollers; capable of being altered or controlled by outside forces or influences;
having a capacity for adaptive change
41. Drab: slattern; prostitute; to associate with prostitutes; any of various cloths of a dull brown or gray color; a light olive brown; a dull, lifeless, or faded appearance or quality
42. Ludicrousness: amusing or laughable through obvious absurdity, incongruity, exaggeration, or eccentricity; meriting derisive laughter or scorn as absurdly inept, false, or
foolish
43. Appeasement: to bring to a state of peace or quiet; to cause to subside; pacify, conciliate
44. Prefrontal: anterior to or involving the anterior part of a frontal structure; a prefrontal part (as a bone)
45. Cortex: a plant bark or rind (as cinchona) used medicinally; the outer or superficial part of an organ or bodily structure
46. Lobe: a curved or rounded projection or division; the anterior division of each cerebral hemisphere
47. Abrupt: characterized by or involving action or change without preparation or warning; giving the impression of being cut or broken off
48. Arousal : to awaken from sleep; to rouse or stimulate to action or to physiological readiness for activity;
49. Shudder : to tremble convulsively; quiver; an act of shuddering
50. Prominence: something prominent : projection; the quality, state, or fact of being prominent or conspicuous; a mass of gas resembling a cloud that arises from the
chromosphere of the sun

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51. Empirical: originating in or based on observation or experience; relying on experience or observation alone often without due regard for system and theory; capable of being
verified or disproved by observation or experiment; of or relating to empiricism
52. Curator: one that has the care and superintendence of something
53. Inaugurated: swear somebody formally into office; open something ceremonially
54. Frosting: to cover with or as if with frost; o produce a fine-grained slightly roughened surface on; to injure or kill (as plants) by frost; to make angry or irritated
55. Sensory: of or relating to sensation or to the senses; conveying nerve impulses from the sense organs to the nerve centers
56. Strides: to stand astride; to move with or as if with long steps; to take a very long step; a cycle of locomotor movements (as of a horse) completed when the feet regain the
initial relative positions
57. Perpetuate: to make perpetual or cause to last indefinitely
58. Replenish to fill with persons or animals; to supply fully : perfect c : to fill with inspiration or power; to fill or build up again; make good : replace
59. Aquaculture: the cultivation of the natural produce of water
60. Desalination: desalt (to remove salt from)
61. Retrenchment: reduction, curtailment
62. Camouflaged: to conceal or disguise by camouflage; to practice camouflage
63. Exacerbated: to make more violent, bitter, or severe
64. Cluster: a number of similar individuals that occur together; two or more consecutive consonants or vowels in a segment of speech; to collect into a cluster; to grow,
assemble, or occur in a cluster

VOCABULARY
65. Fragile: easily broken or destroyed; constitutionally delicate : lacking in physical vigor; tenuous, slight
66. Vulnerable: capable of being physically wounded; open to attack or damage; liable to increased penalties but entitled to increased bonuses after winning a game in contract
bridge
67. Terraces: a colonnaded porch or promenade; a flat roof or open platform; a relatively level paved or planted area adjoining a building; a raised embankment with the top
levelled; a group of row houses; to make into a terrace
68. Culprit: one accused of or charged with a crime; one guilty of a crime or a fault; the source or cause of a problem
69. Transient: passing especially quickly into and out of existence; affecting something or producing results beyond itself; a person travelling about usually in search of work; one
that is transient
70. Invigorating: again : anew; back : backward
71. Repatriate: to restore or return to the country of origin, allegiance, or citizenship
72. Tundra: a level or rolling treeless plain that is characteristic of arctic and sub arctic regions, consists of black mucky soil with a permanently frozen subsoil, and has a
dominant vegetation of mosses, lichens, herbs, and dwarf shrubs
73. Pueblos: the communal dwelling of an Indian village of Arizona, New Mexico, and adjacent areas consisting of contiguous flat-roofed stone or adobe houses in groups
sometimes several stories high; an Indian village of the south western U.S.; a member of a group of Indian peoples of the south western U.S.
74. Tensile: capable of tension : ductile; of, relating to, or involving tension; the greatest longitudinal stress a substance can bear without tearing apart
75. Propagate: to cause to continue or increase by sexual or asexual reproduction; to pass along to offspring; to cause to spread out and affect a greater number or greater area
76. Elapses: to slip or glide away; passage
77. Cradle: a bed or cot for a baby usually on rockers or pivots; a framework or support suggestive of a baby's cradle; shelter, rear c : to support protectively or intimately
78. Microfiche: a sheet of microfilm containing rows of microimages of pages of printed matter
79. Furnace: an enclosed structure in which heat is produced; a furnace in which combustion is forced by a current of air under pressure
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80. Germinate: to cause to sprout or develop; to come into being; to begin to grow
81. Tolerant: inclined to tolerate(to suffer to be or to be done without prohibition, hindrance, or contradiction); exhibiting tolerance
82. Horticulture: the science and art of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants
83. Baroness: the wife or widow of a baron; a woman who holds a baronial title in her own right
84. Somatotropin: hormone stimulating growth
85. Slumber: to sleep lightly; lethargy, torpor; to lie dormant or latent
86. Beneath: in or to a lower position; directly under
87. Benzodiazepines: any of a group of aromatic lipophilic amines (as diazepam and chlordiazepoxide) used especially as tranquilizers:
88. Tranquilisers: calming drug; something making person or animal
89. Insomniacs: prolonged and usually abnormal inability to obtain adequate sleep
90. Astronaut: a person who travels beyond the earth's atmosphere; also : a trainee for spaceflight
91. Travelogue: a talk or lecture on travel usually accompanied by a film or slides; a narrated motion picture about travel; a piece of writing about travel
92. Dazzling: to lose clear vision especially from looking at bright light; to shine brilliantly; to arouse admiration by an impressive display; to overpower with light; to impress
deeply, overpower, or confound with brilliance
93. Anecdotes: a usually short narrative of an interesting, amusing, or biographical incident
94. Palisades: a fence of stakes especially for defense; a line of bold cliffs; to fortify with palisades
95. Cruise: to sail about touching at a series of ports; to move or proceed speedily, smoothly, or effortlessly; to travel without destination or purpose
96. Verdict: the finding or decision of a jury on the matter submitted to it in trial; opinion, judgment
97. Niggled: trifle b : to spend too much effort on minor details; to find fault constantly in a petty way
98. Toddlers: one that toddles; especially : a young child
99. Modular: of, relating to, or based on a module or a modulus; constructed with standardized units or dimensions for flexibility and variety in use
100. Pretensions: an allegation of doubtful value : pretext; a claim or an effort to establish a claim; a claim or right to attention or honor because of merit
101. Slang: language peculiar to a particular group: as argot; an informal nonstandard vocabulary composed typically of coinages, arbitrarily changed words, and
extravagant, forced, or facetious figures of speech to abuse with harsh or coarse language
[Link]: to undertake without leave or clear justification; to expect or assume especially with confidence; to suppose to be true without proof
[Link] : to drink in small quantities; to take sips from; a small draft taken with the lips; the act of sipping
[Link]: to assure anew; to restore to confidence; reinsure
[Link]: to cause to burn to ashes
106. Partite: divided into a usually specified number of parts

VOCABULARY

ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE

1. Entail : an entailing especially of lands; an entailed estate; something transmitted as if by entail

2. Genre: a category of artistic, musical, or literary composition characterized by a particular style, form, or content; kind, sort; painting that
depicts scenes or events from everyday life usually realistically

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3. Toaster: one that toasts; especially: an electrical appliance for toasting; a portable electrical appliance that can function as an oven or a
toaster
4. Obscure: to make dark, dim, or indistinct; to conceal or hide by or as if by covering; to reduce; dark, dim; shrouded in or hidden by darkness;
not clearly seen or easily distinguished: faint; not readily understood or clearly expressed; also: mysterious; relatively unknown: as a: remote,
secluded b : not prominent or famous; constituting the unstressed vowel
5. Tidal: of, relating to, caused by, or having tides; periodically rising and falling or flowing and ebbing; dependent (as to the time of arrival or
departure) upon the state of the tide
6. Prodded: to thrust a pointed instrument into : prick; to incite to action : stir; to poke or stir as if with a prod
7. Muzzle : the projecting jaws and nose of an animal : snout; a fastening or covering for the mouth of an animal used to prevent eating or biting;
something (as censorship) that restrains normal expression; the open end of an implement; especially : the discharging end of a weapon; to
fit with a muzzle; to restrain from expression : gag
8. Beckoning: to summon or signal typically with a wave or nod; to appear inviting : attract
9. Wintry: of, relating to, or characteristic of winter; weathered by or as if by winter : aged, hoary; cheerless, chilling
10. Blundered: to move unsteadily or confusedly; to make a mistake through stupidity, ignorance, or carelessness; to utter stupidly, confusedly, or
thoughtlessly; to make a stupid, careless, or thoughtless mistake in
11. Tuft: a small cluster of elongated flexible outgrowths attached or close together at the base and free at the opposite ends; especially : a
growing bunch of grasses or close-set plants; a bunch of soft fluffy threads cut off short and used as ornament; clump, cluster; mound; any of the
projections of yarns drawn through a fabric or making up a fabric so as to produce a surface of raised loops or cut pile; to provide or adorn with a
tuft; to make (a fabric) of or with tufts; to make (as a mattress) firm by stitching at intervals and sewing on tufts
12. Persuade: to move by argument, entreaty, or expostulation to a belief, position, or course of action; to plead with : urge
13. Dissuade : to advise (a person) against something; archaic : to advise against (an action); to turn
from something by persuasion
14. Sarcastic : having the character of sarcasm; given to the use of sarcasm : caustic
15. Ingratiating: to gain favor or favorable acceptance for by deliberate effort — usually used with; : capable of winning favor : pleasing; intended
or adopted in order to gain favor : flattering

16. Dismantle
17. Deconstruct
18. Grappling
19. Alleged
20. Stern
21. Underpinned
22. Oxymoron
23. Snobbery
24. Admiration
25. Vanity
26. Pedestal
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27. Similes
28. Armande
29. Sprinkles
30. Lanterns
31. Onomatopoeia
32. Alleyway
33. Strident
34. Prolongs
35. Plosive
36. Crunchy
37. Eloquence
38. Homicidal
39. Brutal
40. Exaggerations
41. Hyperbole
42. Reshape
43. Ambiguous
44. Presumably
45. Euphemism
46. Denied
47. Discrepancy
48. Snarled
49. Treacle
50. Oysters
51. Lavishness
52. Lobster
53. Catastrophe
54. Anouk
55. Maple
56. Vividly
57. Elms
58. Edifice
59. Trellised
60. Splendour
61. Fringe
62. Bygone
63. Privilege
64. Ululating
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65. Exhilarated
66. Navigationally
67. Eternal
68. Arrogance
69. Pompous
70. Ineptitude
71. Pretentiousness
72. Inaugural
73. Skunk
74. Underpin
75. Orator
76. Apartheid
77. Penultimate
78. Exemplars
79. Panic
80. Scarily
81. Perspired
82. Daintily
83. Arrogant
84. Rancid
85. Tabloid
86. Propeller
87. Traumatic
88. Quietening
89. Intrusive
90. Mediocre
91. Admist
92. Swampy
93. Foetal
94. Tranquilliser
95. Mongrel
96. Rugged
97. Tram
98. Fragile
99. Sinister
100. Tentacles
101. Assailants
102. Choir
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103. Embodies
104. Guilt
105. Camaraderie
106. Marathon
107. Batty
108. Tarmac
109. Rye
110. Derartu
111. Tutu
112. Awed
113. Plethora
114. Cue
115. Smug
116. Reckoned
117. Disparaging
118. Shod
119. Clumsy
120. Fiendish
121. Idiotic
122. Castanets
123. Crescendo
124. Squabbling
125. Disgraced
126. Lynx-eyed
127. Jig Getty
128. Solidarity
129. Weary
130. Swiftly
131. Tarmac
132. Escalators
133. Incinerators
134. Boorish
135. Bearish
136. Irresistible
137. Chameleon
138. Glitz
139. League
140. Camouflage
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141. Misted
142. Mauve
143. Seaweed
144. Uncanny
145. Puissance
146. Austere
147. Loch
148. Sombre
149. Exemplars
150. Clutter
151. Insubstantial
152. Cliff-hanger
153. Tantalisingly
154. Sparingly
155. Redundant
156. Staccato
157. Pluperfect
158. Heralds
159. Fastidious
160. Clairvoyant
161. Insane
162. Vaporetto
163. Gibbering
164. Homicidal maniac
165. Futility
166. Remorse
167. Poignancy
168. Nostalgic
169. Debris
170. Menacing
171. Claustrophobic
172. Scary
173. Zigzagged
174. Squinting
175. Evoke
176. Moored
177. Chisels
178. Souvenir
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179. Miniature
180. Pram
181. Connotations
182. Paradoxical
183. Piccolos
184. Lurches
185. Immediacy
186. Scenario
187. Dealt
188. Pitfall
189. Unravel
190. Trauma
191. Interweave
192. Ambiguous
193. Emulate
194. Chatty
195. Encapsulating
196. Curiosity
197. Orator
198. Anecdotes
199. Exemplars
200. Reluctance
201. Poignant
202. Xhosa
203. Slingshot
204. Censored
205. Cluster
206. Furthermore
207. Outrageous
208. Persuasive
209. Outmoded
210. Controversial
211. Instigated
212. Humane
213. Recidivism
214. Deterrent
215. Pity
216. Reinstate
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217. Laborious
218. Ambiguous
219. Prose
220. Trivial
221. Treachery
222. Robust
223. Metaphor
224. Vulnerable
225. Fiend
226. Devilish
227. Moums
228. Lair
229. Frost
230. Fend
231. Mown
232. Eradicate
233. Latched
234. Musty
235. Snigger
236. Duet
237. Prosaic
238. adazzle
239. Clinking
240. latch
241. Weeded
242. Mooted
243. Caesura
244. Enjambment
245. Cultivating
246. Pedestal
247. Ozymandias
248. Colossal
249. Wreck
250. Pedestal
251. Brevity
252. Seafarers
253. Tame
254. Meek
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255. Forsaking
256. Newfangled ness
257. Cadences
258. Spruce
259. Balsam
260. Perceptible
261. Sennacherib
262. Incongruous
263. Emerald
264. Drifts
265. Dismal
266. Sheen
267. Groan'd
268. Swaddling
269. Monstrous
270. Orisons
271. Mockeries
272. Para rhyme
273. Fidelity
274. Abad
275. Assonance
276. Invasion
277. Far-fetched
278. Ivies
279. Craggy
280. Mundane
281. Poignant
282. Meadows
283. Hedgehog
284. New-spun
285. Wind-warped
286. Full- starred
287. Harlot
288. Mind- Forg'd manacles
289. Blighted
290. Plagues
291. Fabric
292. Rehearsing
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293. Omniscient
294. Idiosyncrasies
295. Clergyman
296. Gatsby
297. Ebb
298. Cobwebs
299. Stoep
300. Intrigue
301. Fiercest
302. Veranda
303. Clusters
304. Recess
305. Mercifully
306. Chesterefield
307. Whipcord
308. Patina
309. Norfolk
310. Pines
311. Aslant
312. Depict
313. Faded
314. Bickering
315. Culminate
316. Poignant
317. Smashing
318. Health cliff
319. Clenched
320. Juxtaposed
321. Biased
322. Delineate
323. Exaggerated
324. Caricatures
325. Hazel
326. Delicacy
327. Dwelt
328. Ambiguity
329. Austen
330. Moors
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331. Altruistic
332. Reinforcement
333. Loquacious
334. Unmelodious
335. Presumptuous
336. Unoka
337. Ibo
338. Scrutinising
339. Soliloquy
340. Tranquilly
341. Wizened
342. protruding
343. Scullery
344. Blonde lace
345. Starches
346. Stinted
347. Inexorable
348. Choppy
349. Relentless
350. Inevitable
351. Intrinsically
352. Patriarchal
353. Derogatory
354. Wrath
355. Dreaded
356. Enthralling
357. Envisage
358. Dilemmas
359. Crippled
360. Subtle
361. Witty
362. Underpinning
363. Antipolice
364. Nagging
365. Bickers
366. Juxtaposition
367. Cleopatra
368. Bizarre
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369. Vulnerability
370. Shrewdly
371. Patriarchal
372. Aggrandise
373. Chaos
374. Treacherously
375. Deceitfulness
376. Hypocrisy
377. Acquainted
378. Syracuse
379. Shipwreck
380. Triumph
381. Abigail
382. Stenography
383. Applauding
384. Quo
385. Unrequited
386. Promiscuity
387. Affluent
388. Rupture
389. Modesty
390. Gesture
391. Grotesqudy
392.

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