270050_KS3ScT5_7Paper2 31/3/06 8:21 pm Page 1

Sc
KEY STAGE
Science test
3
TIER

5–7 Paper 2
2006
Please read this page, but do not open the booklet until your
teacher tells you to start. Write your name and the name of
your school in the spaces below.

First name

Last name

School

Remember
■ The test is 1 hour long.
■ You will need: pen, pencil, rubber, ruler, protractor and
calculator.
■ The test starts with easier questions.
■ Try to answer all of the questions.
■ The number of marks available for each question is given
below the mark boxes in the margin. You should not
write in this margin.
■ If you are asked to plan an investigation, there will be
space for you to write down your thoughts and ideas.
■ Do not use any rough paper.
■ Check your work carefully.
■ Ask your teacher if you are not sure what to do.

For marker’s
Total marks
use only
Borderline check

QCA/06/1939
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1. The drawing below shows a cardboard scale called an EasyWeigh.

It can be used to estimate the mass of letters.

letter

EasyWeigh

pivot

(a) Clare put a letter in the 20 g slot. The scale tipped as shown below.

letter

100 g
40 g
20 g

pivot

She then put the same letter in the 40 g slot. The scale did not tip.

(i) What do these results tell you about the mass of Clare’s letter?

__________________________________________________________________________
1ai
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) What could Clare do to this cardboard scale to weigh her letter more
accurately?

__________________________________________________________________________
1aii
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

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(b) (i) Clare drew a short line to show where she thought she should cut a
slot to weigh a 150 g letter. She labelled the slot Y.

100 g 40 g 20 g

pivot

Why could Clare not use a slot at Y to weigh a 150 g letter?

__________________________________________________________________________
1bi
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) Clare wanted to cut a slot to weigh a 70 g letter.

On the diagram above, draw a short line to show where the slot 1bii
should be cut.
1 mark

maximum 4 marks
Total
KS3/06/Sc/Tier 5–7/P2 3 EasyWeighTM © 2005 Innovation Affairs
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2. The dotar is a musical instrument with two strings.

(a) Aftal plays the dotar very quietly.

What must he do to the strings to make a louder sound?

_________________________________________________________________
2a
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(b) Aftal makes the strings tighter so they vibrate more quickly.

How does this affect the sound produced by the strings?

Tick the correct box.

The sound has a lower pitch.

The sound is louder.

The sound has a higher pitch.

2b The sound is quieter.

1 mark

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(c) One of the strings is thicker than the other, so it vibrates more slowly.

In what way is the sound made by the thicker string different from the
sound made by the thinner string?
2c
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(d) Aftal played the dotar near a microphone connected to an oscilloscope.

The diagrams below show the patterns made by four sounds.

A B

C D

(i) How does the sound shown in trace A differ from the sound in trace B?

__________________________________________________________________________
2di
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) How does the sound shown in trace A differ from the sound in trace C?

__________________________________________________________________________
2dii
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total
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3. Russell investigated the relationship between mass and weight.

He weighed five different masses using a force meter.

His results are shown in the table.

mass (g) weight (N)

150 1.5

250 2.5

300 3.8

400 4.0

580 5.8

(a) He plotted four of his results on a grid as shown below.

(i) Plot the point for the 150 g mass on the graph.

(ii) Draw a line of best fit.

3ai

1 mark

3aii

1 mark

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(b) One of the points Russell plotted does not fit the pattern.
3b
Circle this point on the graph.
1 mark

(c) Use your graph to predict:

(i) the mass of an object weighing 6.5 N;

3ci
________ g
1 mark

(ii) the weight of an object of mass 50 g.

3cii
________ N
1 mark

(d) Give one reason why it is more useful to present the results as a line
graph rather than a table.

_________________________________________________________________
3d
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

maximum 6 marks
Total
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4. A science teacher showed her class three experiments, A, B and C.

The experiments and the word equations for the reactions that took place are
shown below.
All the experiments were done in a fume cupboard.

experiment A
calcium calcium oxide forms in
carbonate the test-tube

calcium 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 5

carbonate
is heated carbon dioxide
is collected here

word equation calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide

experiment B

iron filings and sulphur

are heated together

word equation iron + sulphur iron sulphide

experiment C
copper

hot copper is piece of copper covered

added to chlorine chlorine with brownish solid

word equation copper + chlorine

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(a) From the substances in experiments A, B and C, opposite, give the

name of:

(i) one metallic element;

4ai
________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) one non-metallic element;

4aii
________________________________________
1 mark

(iii) two compounds.

4aiii
________________________ and ________________________
1 mark

(b) In experiment B, the iron filings weighed 2.0 g at the beginning of the
experiment and the iron sulphide produced weighed 2.8 g.

Explain this increase in mass.

_________________________________________________________________
4b
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(c) Complete the word equation for the chemical reaction in experiment C.
4c
copper + chlorine → ____________________________
1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total
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5. (a) Air is a mixture of gases. The pie chart represents the percentages of
different gases in air.

On the line by each section of the pie chart, write the name of the
correct gas.
Two have been done for you.

1.96% water vapour and other gases

0.04% carbon dioxide

5a

1 mark
20%
5a

78%
1 mark

not to scale

(b) On a cold day, droplets of water form on a cold window.

Explain how these droplets form.

5b _________________________________________________________________
1 mark
_________________________________________________________________
5b
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

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(c) The word equation below represents a process taking place in the cells
of the human body.

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

(i) What process does this word equation represent?

5ci
________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) As a result of this process, the proportions of oxygen and

carbon dioxide in air breathed in and air breathed out change.

Which one of the statements below is true?

Tick the correct box.

Air breathed out has less carbon dioxide

and more oxygen than air breathed in.

Air breathed out has less carbon dioxide

and less oxygen than air breathed in.

Air breathed out has more carbon dioxide

and less oxygen than air breathed in.

Air breathed out has more carbon dioxide

5cii
and more oxygen than air breathed in.
1 mark

maximum 6 marks
Total
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6. Joe bought a potted plant. He kept it well watered but some of the leaves
turned yellow.

Joe thought that the plant did not have enough light for photosynthesis.
He moved the plant closer to the window but more leaves turned yellow.

(a) He then thought that the plant did not have enough minerals.

The table below gives information about minerals.

why the mineral is

mineral
needed
magnesium to make chlorophyll

nitrogen to make protein

to grow and transfer
phosphorus
energy
potassium to make fruit

(i) Joe’s plant did not have enough of one of the minerals in the table.
Use the information in the table to suggest which mineral this was.
6ai
________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) A plant growing in a pot is more likely to be affected by a shortage

of minerals than a plant growing in a garden.
Give the reason for this.

__________________________________________________________________________
6aii
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

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(b) Joe bought some fertiliser for his plant.

The names and formulae of four different fertilisers are shown below.

Easy Grow Epsom Salts Saltpetre Superphosphate

NH4NO3 MgSO4 KNO3 Ca(H2PO4)2

A B C D

(i) Give the letter of one box of fertiliser, A, B, C or D, that would

provide each of the minerals in the table below.
Write the letters in the table.

mineral letter of fertiliser

6bi
magnesium
1 mark
nitrogen
6bi

phosphorus 1 mark

potassium 6bi

1 mark

(ii) Easy Grow is ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3.

How many different elements are present in ammonium nitrate?

6bii
________
1 mark

(iii) How many atoms are present in the formula of ammonium nitrate?
6biii
________
1 mark

maximum 7 marks
Total
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7. The drawing below shows an alligator.

(a) Alligators are carnivores.

What does the word carnivore mean?
7a
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(b) Alligators lay eggs in nests made from plant material.

The eggs have tough shells containing calcium carbonate.

(i) How does the eggshell help the developing alligator to survive before
it hatches?

__________________________________________________________________________
7bi
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) Rotting plant material in the nest is acidic.

When the acid comes into contact with calcium carbonate in the
eggshell it makes the shell weaker.

Why does the acid weaken the eggshell?

__________________________________________________________________________
7bii
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(iii) Suggest one reason why it is helpful to the developing alligator in

the egg if the eggshell becomes weaker.

__________________________________________________________________________
7biii
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

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(c) The table below shows the percentage of female and male alligators
that hatch from the eggs when the eggs are kept at different temperatures.

temperature % eggs hatching % eggs hatching

O
( C) as females as males
26 100 0

28 100 0

30 100 0

32 86 14

34 0 100

36 0 100

(i) Use the table to suggest how a zookeeper could make sure only
females hatch from the eggs.

__________________________________________________________________________
7ci
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) Between which two temperatures are 50% of the eggs likely to
hatch as females?
Tick the correct box.

between 26°C and 30°C

between 30°C and 32°C

between 32°C and 34°C

between 34°C and 36°C 7cii

1 mark

maximum 6 marks
Total
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8. Jack compared the reaction times of ten different pupils in his class.
He dropped a metre ruler between each pupil’s finger and thumb.
As soon as they saw the ruler begin to move, they had to catch it as quickly
as possible.

(a) Jack did not measure time to compare pupils’ reactions.

What did Jack measure to compare pupils’ reaction times?

_________________________________________________________________
8a
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(b) Why was it more accurate to use the ruler rather than a stopwatch in
this investigation?

_________________________________________________________________
8b
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

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(c) What factor did Jack change as he carried out his investigation
(the independent variable)?
8c
_________________________________
1 mark

(d) Give two factors he should have kept the same to make his test fair. 8d

1 mark
1. ____________________________________________________________
8d
2. ____________________________________________________________
1 mark

(e) What could he do to make his results more reliable?

_________________________________________________________________
8e
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

maximum 6 marks
Total
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9. Keith has a wind-up radio.

It does not use batteries. It is powered by a steel spring.

solar cell

volume control

wind-up handle
speaker

(a) Keith winds up the spring.

As the spring unwinds, potential energy in the spring is transferred to a
generator, which then turns.

The generator provides electrical energy for the radio.

Fill the gaps in the sentences below to show the useful energy changes
which take place in the generator and the speaker.
9ai
(i) As the generator turns, ____________________ energy is changed
1 mark

to electrical energy.

(ii) In the speaker, electrical energy is changed to

9aii
____________________ energy.
1 mark

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(b) When Keith turns the volume up so that the radio is louder, the spring
unwinds more quickly.

Why does the spring unwind more quickly?

_________________________________________________________________
9b
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(c) The radio has a solar cell which can also provide electrical energy.

Keith winds up his radio and takes it outside without changing the volume.
The steel spring unwinds more slowly when sunlight falls on the solar cell.
Explain why.

_________________________________________________________________
9c
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(d) The wind-up radio was designed for use in poorer countries.

Suggest why wind-up radios are useful in poorer countries.

_________________________________________________________________
9d
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total
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10. The diagram below shows a container filled with a liquid.

piston A
area 2.0 cm2

pedal

liquid

piston B
area 8.0 cm2

At each end of the container there is a piston.

Piston A has a smaller area than piston B.

(a) (i) Rebekah pushes on the pedal. This produces a force of 200 N on
piston A.

Calculate the pressure that piston A exerts on the liquid.

10ai Give the unit.
1 mark
__________________________________________________________________________
10ai
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) The liquid in the container exerts the same pressure on piston B.

Use this pressure to calculate the force on piston B.

__________________________________________________________________________
10aii
__________________________________________________________ N
1 mark

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(b) Rebekah set up a different experiment as shown below.

She measured the volume of the liquid and the air in the
cylinders before and after a 200 g load was added to the piston.

200 g
load 200 g
load

liquid air

without load with load without load with load

(i) When the loads were added to the pistons, the volume of the liquid
did not change but the volume of the air decreased.

Explain why this happened.

__________________________________________________________________________
10bi
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) The diagram on the opposite page represents the way the brake
system of a car works.
The brake pedal pushes piston A.
Piston B pushes the brakes on.

If air bubbles get into the liquid, the brakes do not work properly.
Explain why.
Use the diagrams above to help you.

__________________________________________________________________________
10bii
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total
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11. The diagram below shows a section through a volcano.

Magma is moving up from a magma chamber.
Some of the magma erupts to form lava.
The liquid lava cools and becomes solid rock.

ash cloud

lava

magma zone of
moving metamorphic
upwards rock

sedimentary
rock

magma
chamber

(a) Explain why magma deep underground stays liquid longer than lava on
the surface.

_________________________________________________________________
11a
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

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(b) As the magma cools underground, it solidifies and crystals are formed.

(i) In what way will these crystals be different from the crystals formed
when lava solidifies above ground?
11bi
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) Give the reason for your answer.

__________________________________________________________________________
11bii
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(c) A zone of rock surrounding the magma has become a metamorphic rock.

(i) What conditions would cause this to happen?

__________________________________________________________________________
11ci
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) Give the name of the metamorphic rock which is formed from
limestone in this way.
11cii
_________________________________
1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total
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12. Some pupils investigate whether double glazing or roof insulation is more
efficient at reducing heat loss from houses.

They have a model house which can have these features:

l window with single glazing

l window with double glazing
l roof without insulation
l roof with insulation.

(a) A temperature sensor and a small lamp are placed inside the house.
The lamp is used as a heat source.
When the model house reaches a given temperature, the lamp is
switched off.
A datalogger then records temperature regularly over time.

(i) What can the combination of single glazing and no roof insulation
tell pupils that is relevant to their investigation?

______________________________________________________________
12ai
______________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) Which two combinations must they use to find the more efficient
way of preventing heat loss in their model house?

____________________________ and ____________________________

12aii
____________________________ and ____________________________
1 mark

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(b) The pupils predicted that the roof insulation will be more effective than
double glazing at reducing heat loss.

What evidence would support this prediction?

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
12b
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(c) On the grid below, sketch the shape of the two graphs you would
expect to see on the datalogger if the pupils’ prediction is correct.

You do not need to add scales to the axes.

Use a solid line ( ) to show the graph for double glazed windows.
Use a dotted line ( ) to show the graph for roof insulation.

12c

1 mark

12c

1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total
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13. (a) The diagram shows a sperm cell. Sperm cells are adapted for fertilisation.

cytoplasm tail

membrane nucleus

Sperm cells use their tails to swim towards an ovum (egg).

Give one other way the sperm cell is adapted for fertilisation.

_________________________________________________________________
13a
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(b) The diagrams below show two other cells.

folded membrane

cell wall

chromosome chromosomes

cytoplasm cytoplasm

a bacterium cell from the inner lining

of the intestine
not to scale

(i) Look at the diagrams above.

What is the difference between the location of the genetic material in

the bacterium and in the cell from the lining of the intestine?

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________
13bi
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

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(ii) What is the function of the genetic material in a cell?

__________________________________________________________________________
13bii
__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(c) Cells in the lining of the intestine are adapted to absorb digested food.

How does the folded membrane of these cells enable them to absorb
the maximum amount of digested food?

_________________________________________________________________
13c
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(d) A group of cells in the lining of the intestine is a tissue.

Why is a number of sperm cells not a tissue?

_________________________________________________________________
13d
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total
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14. An ecosphere is a model habitat that can last for many years.
The ecosphere below is a sealed glass ball containing sea water,
green algae, bacteria, a snail and shrimps.

air

sealed glass ball

shrimp

green algae (plants)

sea water
snail
support

not to scale

(a) The ecosphere must receive plenty of light.

Explain why light is necessary for the survival of the green algae and
the animals in the ecosphere.

_________________________________________________________________
14a

1 mark
_________________________________________________________________

14a _________________________________________________________________
1 mark
_________________________________________________________________
14a
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(b) When organisms in the ecosphere die, they are broken down by bacteria.
Nutrients, such as nitrates, are released back into the ecosphere.

Why is this necessary for the survival of the other organisms in the
ecosphere?

_________________________________________________________________
14b
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

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(c) The table shows how the mass of oxygen dissolved in water changes
with temperature.

temperature of the mass of oxygen dissolved

O
water ( C) (mg/100 cm3)
15 10.2

17 9.7

19 9.3

21 9.0

23 8.7

25 8.4

27 8.1

29 7.9

This ecosphere was kept at a temperature between 17°C and 23°C.

In this ecosphere, respiration in the organisms is affected less if the

temperature falls to 15°C than if it rises to 27°C.
Use information in the table to explain this.

_________________________________________________________________
14c
_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total
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END OF TEST

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© Qualifications and Curriculum Authority 2006

QCA, Key Stage 3 Team, 83 Piccadilly, London W1J 8QA 270050