ENERGY BALANCE

Compressor K-100:

Inlet Conditions: Temperature 303 K

Outlet conditions: Pressure 202 Kpa

mass flow rate of air 112020.11 kg/hr

1.0748427 kgmol/sec
Inlet volumetric flow rate:

26.73811 m3/sec
poly tropic efficiency 76%
Outlet temperature for poly-tropic flow:

then m 0.3759398
T2 393.19845 K 120.0485 C

Work per mole for poly-tropic flow

 n 1.6024096
Work 68.903642 KJ/kgmol

Power Requirement

actual work 90.66269 KJ/kgmol

power requirment 97.44813 KW

Air Pre-heater E-101:

Inlet conditions temperature 120.04845 C

Outlet conditions temperature 380 C
reference temperature 120 C
moisture in air 107.5 kgmol

heat taken by air 31302131 KJ/hr

Benzene Pre-heater E-100:

Inlet conditions temperature 30 C Pressure

Outlet conditions temperature 110 C Pressure
boiling point of benzene 104.7 C
reference temperature 30 C
heat taken by benzene feed from benzene preheater

heat taken by benzene 2393544 KJ/hr

Feed Mixer MIX-100:

reference temperature 110 C

Assuming Tmix 350 C

average temperature 230 C

component m (kgmole/hr) Cp (KJ/kgmole oC)

Air 3923.21 30.57

Benzene 59.02 59.02

128094.5 (Tmix-110) = 32454335

Tmix 363.3625 C

Reactor PFR-100:

Chemical Reactions:
 C6H6 + 4.5 O2 C4H2O3 + 2CO2 +2H2O
(Maleic Anhydride)
C6H6 + 7.5O2 6CO2 +3H2O

C6H6 + 4.5 O2 6C0 + 3H2O

C6H6 + 1.5 O2 C6H4O2 + H2O

(quinon)
At steady state
Heat input to reactor = Heat output from reactor

component m Cpℓ ΔTℓ

Air 3816
Moisture 107.5 72.94 75
Benzene 59 133 53

entahlpy of reactants 5.19E+07 KJ/hr

Enthalpy of products leaving at 400C:

component m Cpℓ ΔTℓ

Nitrogen 3014
Oxygen 512
Water 225 72.94 75
CO2 122
MAN 43 158 177
CO 26
Benzene 5 133 53
Quinone 0.94 182 155

Enthalpy of products leaving at 400C 60092831

Heat produced by reactions assuming reaction takes place at 25C

By reaction (R1) -8.00E+07

By reaction (R2) -1.92E+07
 By reaction (R3) -6.56E+06
By reaction (R4) -4.23E+05
Total Heat of reaction at 25C ΔHR 1.06E+08
Heat taken by cooling salt 9.80E+07

Waste Heat Boiler E-102:

Product steam (8) from the reactor is cooled from 400C to 76.5C at 152Kpa. For energy
balance around Waste Heat Boiler assume 76.5C as reference temperature.

average temperature 238.25 C

enthalpy of stream (8)

component m Cpℓ ΔTℓ

Nitrogen 3014
Oxygen 512
Water 225 73.56 24
CO2 122
MAN 43 163 126
CO 26
Benzene 5
Quinone 0.94 189.2 104

Heat removed in waste heat boiler

Pre-scrubber cooler E-103:

 Stream(11) is cooled from 76.5C to 50C before it enters Gas Scrubber. For energy balance
assuming 50C as reference temperature.

heat removed in pre-scrubber = {ehtahlpy of stream (12)}-{enthalpy of stream (11)}

component m Cpℓ ΔTℓ

Nitrogen 3014
Oxygen 512
Water 225 72.94 26.5
CO2 122
MAN 25.35 148 26.5
CO 26
Benzene 4.71 137 26.5
Quinone 0.71 171.2 26.5

heat removed in Pre-Scrubber cooler

Mixer MIX-101:

Pure water stream (16) is added to scrubbed liquid (13) to keep the concentration of MAC
solution up to 40%. Assuming water enters at 30C and 101Kpa while scrubbed liquid is
entering at 45C.

stream (15) and (17) are leaving at same temperature. So T15 = T17 = T

Energy balance around mixer MIX-101 is

 assuming 30oC as reference temperature

Enthalpy of stream (13)

component m Cpℓ ΔTℓ

Water 4426.43 72.8 15

MAC 495.81 206.5 15
Quinone 0.71 164.3 15

Total Enthalpy 6371183 KJ/hr

Enthalpy of stream (15)

component m Cpℓ ΔTℓ

Water 4551.1 72.8 (T-30)

MAC 470.9 206.5 (T-30)

Total Enthalpy 428560.9 (T-30) KJ/hr

Enthalpy of stream (17)

component m Cpℓ ΔTℓ

Water 236.3 72.8 (T-30)

MAC 24.89 206.5 (T-30)
Quinone 0.71 164.3 (T-30)

Total Enthalpy 22459.08 (T-30) KJ/hr

temperature of stream(15) and (17) T 4.41E+01

44.1

Scrubber T-100:
MAN is absorbed in 40% solution of MAC entering at 44.2C while the gases leaves from the top
of scubber in vent stream (14).

For energy balance assuming 44.2C as reference temperature.

Reaction involved in scrubber

Reaction taking place:

C4H2O2 + H20 C4H4O4

(maleic acid)
∆H 3.60E+04 KJ/kgmol

Enthalpy of stream (12)

component m Cpℓ ΔTℓ

Nitrogen 3014.4 29.33 6.8

Oxygen 512 29.51 6.8
Water 234 72.78 6.8
CO2 122 39.25 6.8
MAN 25.35 144.4 6.8
CO 26.22 29.91 6.8
Benzene 4.71 133.3 6.8
Quinone 0.71 167 6.8

Total Enthalpy 887615.5

Enthalpy of stream (13)

component m Cpℓ ΔTℓ

Water 4426.43 72.8 0.8

MAC 495.81 206.5 0.8
 Quinone 0.71 164.3 0.8

Total Enthalpy 339796.4

Enthalpy of stream (14)

component m Cpg ΔTg

Nitrogen 3014 29.26 (T-44.2)

Oxygen 512 29.48 (T-44.2)
Water 333.6 72.79 (T-44.2)
CO2 122 39.16 (T-44.2)
MAN 0.43 144.4 (T-44.2)
CO 26 29.22 (T-44.2)
Benzene 4.71 131.2 (T-44.2)

Total Enthalpy 133783.4

energy balance provides T14 48.025728 C

Dehydrator feed pre-heater E-104:

Feed is heated from 44.2C to 95C in vapor phase befor it enters the dehydrator

component m Cpℓ ΔTℓ

Water 236.3 73.1 51

MAC 24.89 215.8 51
Quinone 0.71 173.6 51

heat duty of Dehydrator feed preheater

Dehydrator T-101:
Operating conditions:
Top plate temperature = 55C
Re-boiler temperature = 120 C
Operating pressure = 15.2 kpa
Assuming 100C as reference temperature

Reactions involved

(maleic acid) (fumaric acid)

Overhead condenser:

Overhead product is condensed from 55C to 45C at 15.2Kpa.

Boiling point of water at 15.2Kpa = 53.6C
Boiling point of O-xylene at 15.2Kpa = 85.05C
Taking 25oC as reference temperature
Enthalpy of stream (19)

component m Cpℓ

Water 248 72.77

O-xylene 72 194.3

Total Enthalpy

Enthalpy of stream (20)

component m Cpℓ

Water 248 72.77

O-xylene 72 192.3

Total Enthalpy

heat duty of overhead condenser

heat duty of overhead condenser 10973715

Enthalpy of stream (18) entering at 95C and 101Kpa

component m Cpℓ

Water 236.3 72.9

MAC 24.89 212.4
Quinone 0.71 170.4

Total Enthalpy

Enthalpy of stream (26) leaving at 120oC and 15.2KPa

component m Cpℓ

Water 13.07 72.77

MAN 24.77 149.7
O-xylene 3.79 200.4
Fumaric acid 0.12 251
Quinone 0.71 173.8
 Total Enthalpy

Enthalpy of reflux stream (21) 291488.34

Heat required by reaction (R1) 8.92E+05

Heat required by reaction (R2) 4.68E+02

Total heat required for reactions 8.92E+05

heat duty of Re-boiler

heat duty of Re-boiler

Mixer MIX-102

Stream (27) entering at 120oC and 101Kpa is mixed with crude MAN strea

Assuming 25oC as reference temperature so Enthalpy of stream (27)

component m

Water 13.07
MAN 24.77
O-Xylene 3.79
Fumaric Acid 0.12
Quinone 0.71
 Enthalpy of stream (28)

component m

Water 14.75
MAN 42.51
O-Xylene 3.79
Fumaric Acid 0.12
Quinone 0.94

Total Enthalpy

Enthalpy of stream (10)

component m

water 17.74
MAN 1.68
quinon 0.23

enthalpy balance around mixer is

1185553 =

514664.4

Distillation Coulmn T-102

Operating conditions:
Top plate temperat
Re-boiler tempera

Assuming 25C as reference temperature

Enthalpy of feed stream (29) entering at 108C

component m

Water 14.75
MAN 42.51
O-Xylene 3.79
Fumaric Acid 0.12
Quinone 0.94

Enthalpy of stream (30)

component m

Water 54.15
MAN 1.03
O-Xylene 13.27
Quinone 3.06

Enthalpy of stream (31)

component m

Water 36.9
MAN 0.73
 O-Xylene 9.5
Quinone 2.2

Enthalpy of stream (32)

component m

Water 14.75
MAN 0.29
O-Xylene 3.79
Quinone 0.87

Enthalpy of stream (36)

component m

MAN 42.21
Fumaric Acid 0.12
Quinone 0.17

Heat duty of condenser

Heat duty of condenser

Heat duty of re-boiler

BALANCE

Pressure 101 Kpa

2
1.2976847
 0.3759398 1.297685 0.297685 231.4652
R 0.0821 m3atm/kgmolK
8.314 KJ/kgmolK
Zi 1

Pressure 202 Kpa

Pressure 202 Kpa

202 Kpa
202 Kpa
m Cp

119932.5
8168.37
(R1) ∆H -1.86E+06 KJ/kgmol

(R2) ∆H -3.26E+06 KJ/kgmol

(R3) ∆H -1.50E+06 KJ/kgmol

(R4) ∆H -4.50E+05 KJ/kgmol

CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg Cpg∆Tg λ

32.21 338 10886.98

5470.5 35.65 263 9375.95 4.00E+04
7049 136.4 285 38874 2.90E+04

CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg Cpg∆Tg λ

30.16 375 11310

30.94 375 11602.5
5470.5 35.83 300 10749 4.00E+04
43.87 375 16451.25
27966 162.5 198 32175 4.70E+04
29.81 375 11178.75
7049 140.4 322 45208.8 2.90E+04
28210 172.6 220 37972 4.40E+04

KJ/hr

KJ/hr
KJ/hr
 KJ/hr
KJ/hr
KJ/hr
KJ/hr

Kpa. For energy

CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg Cpg∆Tg λ

30.27 324 9807.48

31.18 324 10102.32
1765.44 35.77 300 10731 4.10E+04
44.47 324 14408.28
20538 162.2 198 32115.6 4.80E+04
29.93 324 9697.32
140.2 322 45144.4 3.00E+04
19676.8 172.3 220 37906 4.50E+04

53579027 KJ/hr
nergy balance

CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg Cpg∆Tg λ

29.4 26.5 779.1

29.6 26.5 784.4
1932.91
39.72 26.5 1052.58
3922
29.22 26.5 774.33
3630.5
4536.8

3453016 KJ/hr

ration of MAC
 CpℓΔTℓ ∆H

1092 4833662
3097.5 1535771
2464.5 1749.795

∆H

331320.1 (T-30)
97240.85 (T-30)

∆H

17202.64 (T-30)
5139.785 (T-30)
116.653 (T-30)

C
C
leaves from the top

(maleic acid)

CpℓΔTℓ ∆H

199.444 601204
200.668 102742
494.904 115807.5
266.9 32561.8
981.92 24891.67
203.388 5332.833
906.44 4269.332
1135.6 806.276

KJ/hr

CpℓΔTℓ ∆H

58.24 257795.3
165.2 81907.81
 131.44 93.3224

KJ/hr

∆H

88189.64 (T-44.2)
15093.76 (T-44.2)
24282.74 (T-44.2)
4777.52 (T-44.2)
62.092 (T-44.2)
759.72 (T-44.2)
617.952 (T-44.2)

(T-44.2) KJ/hr

CpℓΔTℓ ∆H

3728.1 880950
11005.8 273934.4
8853.6 6286.056

1161170 KJ/hr
 ∆H 3.60E+04 KJ/kgmol

∆H 3.90E+03 KJ/kgmol

2Kpa = 53.6C
15.2Kpa = 85.05C
ΔTℓ CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg Cpg∆Tg

28.6 2081.222 33.8 1.4 47.32

30 5829

11611566 KJ/hr

ΔTℓ CpℓΔTℓ ∆H

20 1455.4 360939.2
20 3846 276912

637851.2 KJ/hr

KJ/hr

ΔTℓ CpℓΔTℓ ∆H

70 5103 1205839
70 14868 370064.5
70 11928 8468.88

1584372 KJ/hr

ΔTℓ CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg Cpg∆Tg

28.6 2081.222 34.03 66.4 2259.592

95 14221.5
60 12024 163.1 35 5708.5
95 23845
95 16511
 1208191 KJ/hr

1.18E+07 KJ/hr

s mixed with crude MAN stream (10).

o Enthalpy of stream (27)

Cpℓ ΔTℓ CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg

72.77 75 5457.75 34.42 20

149.7 95 14221.5
207 95 19665
251 95 23845
173.8 95 16511
 Total Enthalpy 1044511 KJ/hr

Cpℓ ΔTℓ CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg

73.12 75 5484 34.4 (T-100)

149.7 (T-25)
207 (T-25)
251 (T-25)
173.8 (T-25)

Total Enthalpy 670889 + 507.4 (T-100) + 7341.769 (T-25)

Cpℓ ΔTℓ CpℓΔTℓ ∆H

145.3 51.5 7482.95 132747.5

72.8 51.5 3749.2 6298.656
168.5 51.5 8677.75 1995.883

Total Enthalpy 141042.1 KJ/hr

670889 + 507.4 (T-100) + 7341.769 (T-25)

= -234284 + 7849.169 T

T = 95.417565 C
 Top plate temperature = 160C

Re-boiler temperature = 200 C

Reflux temperature = 112C

Operating pressure = 101 kpa

tering at 108C

Cpℓ ΔTℓ CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg

73.12 75 5484 34.38 8

148.4 83 12317.2
204.9 83 17006.7
250.2 83 20766.6
172 83 14276

Total enthalpy 1278917 KJ/hr

Cpℓ ΔTℓ CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg

73.12 75 5484 34.57 60

153.6 135 20736
212.3 119 25263.7 181.8 16
179.1 135

Total enthalpy 3461474 KJ/hr

Cpℓ ΔTℓ CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg

73.12 75 5484 34.38 12

148.4 87 12910.8
 204.9 87 17826.3
172 87

Total enthalpy 1872358 KJ/hr

Cpℓ ΔTℓ CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg

73.12 75 5484 34.38 12

148.4 87 12910.8
204.9 87 17826.3
172 87 14964

Total enthalpy 761298.7 KJ/hr

Cpℓ ΔTℓ CpℓΔTℓ Cpg ΔTg

157.8 175 27615

256.6 175 44905
181.9 155 28194.5 152.2 20

Total enthalpy 1184148 KJ/hr

ty of condenser 827817.14 KJ/hr

Heat duty of re-boiler 1494347 KJ/hr

∆H

41544716
5.90E+06
4420457

∆H

34088340
5940480
12649388
2007053
4607063
290647.5
406289
103571.1
∆H

29559745
5172388
12036699
1757810
4328105
252130.3
375722
96427.83
∆H

2348207
401612.8
434904.8
128414.8
99422.7
20132.58
17099.66
3221.128
λ ∆H

4.30E+04 11191878
419688

λ ∆H

4.30E+04 618744.4
352266.6
4.10E+04 222596.2
2861.4
11722.81
Cpg∆Tg λ ∆H

688.4 4.00E+04 603130.2

352266.6
74530.35
2861.4
11722.81
Cpg∆Tg λ ∆H

34.4 (T-100) 4.00E+04 670889 + 507.4 (T-100)

6363.747 (T-25)
784.53 (T-25)
30.12 (T-25)
163.372 (T-25)
Cpg∆Tg λ ∆H

275.04 40000 674945.8

523604.2
64455.39
2491.992
13419.44

Cpg∆Tg λ ∆H

2074.2 40000 2575277

21358.08
2908.8 37000 864839.1

Cpg∆Tg λ ∆H

412.56 40000 1693583

9424.884
 169349.9

Cpg∆Tg λ ∆H

412.56 40000 676974.3

3744.132
67561.68
13018.68

Cpg∆Tg λ ∆H

1165629
5388.6
3044 46000 13130.55