1. Plotting the curve of Marshall Properties.
Ave. Ave.
Density Ave. Stiffnes
Bitume Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave.
, Stabilit s,
n VTM, n VMA, l VFB, m Flow, r
g y, s
(%) (%) (%) (%) (mm)
(kg/m3 q (kg) (kg/mm
) )
1302.5
4.0 2.30 6.88 15.98 56.99 2.02 644.81
1
2.34 4.49 14.72 73.57 1514.1 2.03 745.86
4.5
0
2.38 2.06 13.95 84.41 1372.8 2.05 669.66
5.0
0
2.38 1.24 14.17 91.78 1306.9 2.09 625.33
5.5
4
2.33 2.51 16.41 84.42 1205.2 2.14 563.21
6.0
6
From the graph, OBC = (a + b + c + d)/4 = e
= (5.25 + 4.50 + 4.60 + 4.58) = 4.73%
Parameter Results Specification Remarks
(Binder Course, JKR
1988)
Stability 1462 kg > 450 kg OK
Flow 2.048 mm > 2.0 mm OK
Stiffness 688 kg/mm > 225 kg/mm OK
VTM 3.28 % 3.0 – 7.0 % OK
VFB 77.5 % 65 – 80 % OK
Optimum
Stability
Density vsvs Bitument
Bitument Content
Content (%)
(%) Binder
1600
2.39 Content,
OBC =
1500
2.37
4.73%
2.35
1400
Stability
2.33
Density
1300
2.31
1200
2.29
1100
2.27
1000
2.25
3.5
3.5 44 4.5
4.5 55 5.5 6 6.5
Bitumen Content (%)
VTM
VFB vs
vs Bitument
Bitument Content
Content (%)
(%)
95
8
90
7
85
6
80
5
VTM
VFB 75
4
70
3
65
2
60
1
0
55
3.5
3.5 44 4.5
4.5 55 5.5
5.5 6 6.5
Bitumen Content (%)
Flow (mm) vs Bitumen Content (%)
2.16
2.14
2.12
2.1
Flow (mm) 2.08
2.06
2.04
2.02
2
3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5
Bitumen Content (%)
Stiffness vs Bitument Content (%)
800
700
600
Stiffness
500
400
300
200
3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5
Bitumen Content (%)
VMA vs Bitument Content (%)
17
16.5
16
15.5
VMA
15
14.5
14
13.5
13
3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5
Bitumen Content (%)