International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 4 Issue 07, July-2015
Analysis of Wireless Fidelity and Light Fidelity for
PAN and Implementation
Ankit Kumar Navalakha B. L. Pal
[Link] Scholar of CSE Assistant Professor of CSE
Mewar University,Gangrar Mewar University,Gangrar
Chittorgarh (Raj.), India Chittorgarh (Raj.), India
Abstract— The LED lighting system can achieve lower power Consortium (VLCC) in Japan in 2003. In this consortium,
consumption and has a longer life-time compared to the wireless Japanese technology companies aimed to standardize and
fidelity system. The proposed paper analyses light fidelity over promote the VLC technology.
wireless fidelity for personal area network on the basis of In office, mall, industry and private area which use wireless
different environment parameters speed, power and frequency networks. Some problem occur like cracking others passwords
etc.
to connect to the Internet that time probably you would be
This paper reflects the Future of wireless communication which
may affect all lives. The visible light communication which may
frustrated at the slow speed as many devices access the same
be the future of Internet as number of users gets increased in host. Every internet user wants to use wireless data but
wireless network and speed decreases proportionally. The light capacity is drying up [6].
fidelity is a framework for all of these providing new capabilities
to current and future services, applications and end client. III. OBJECTIVE
In this paper analyze different type of wireless communication
Keywords— Li-Fi, Wi-Fi, PAN, LED, VLC, , Radio Frequency for personal area network. A wireless communication system
Spectrum has some drawback like Speed of data transfer, Power
consumption, Variation in frequency, Low bandwidth.
Analyze wireless fidelity communication and light fidelity
I. INTRODUCTION
communication for personal area network.
Li-Fi technology is based on visible light communication So here we use the immerging technology that is Li- Fi which
(VLC). A visible light communication is combination of is based on light produced by LEDs instead of radio frequency
illumination and communication. It refers to the spectrum produced by Wi- Fi.
communication technology which uses the visible light source By applying this technology we can save power, increasing
as a signal transmitter, the air as a transmission medium, and data rate and create a harmless environment in specific areas.
the appropriate photodiode as a signal receiving component This technology doesn’t deal with radio waves and produce
[1]. better results than Wi-Fi, so widely useful in the area of
In visible light communication which use LED (Light personal area like Hospital and Nuclear Plant, Science Lab.
Emitting Diode) provides the potential for highly efficient Similarly on large scale it can also easily applied in the places
[Link] have many combined characteristic with their where Bluetooth, Wi- Fi and other source of communication
long operating life and reliability has made them becoming a can’t reach.
potential choice for next generation of lighting systems
including automotive, emergency, backlight, indoor, and
outdoor [2].
.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
A wireless communication can offer businesses more flexible
and inexpensive ways to send and receive information [3].
Current scenario the bandwidth capacity which is available is
finite & is not capable enough to sustain with the constantly
increasing demand of wireless data Light fidelity technique use
a relieving the heavy loads which the current wireless systems
face since it adds a new and unutilized bandwidth of visible
light to the currently present radio waves for data transfer [4].
Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) is a rising
technology for future short (up to 10 meters) range indoor and
outdoor multimedia and data centric applications [5].
The first significant step for evolution of the LED based VLC Fig:1 Block Digram of Li-Fi System
was the establishment of Visible Light Communication
IJERTV4IS070773 [Link] 1068
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International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 4 Issue 07, July-2015
IV. LIGHT FIDELITY TECHNOLOGY PRINCIPLE The input frequency is given using a Crystal oscillator. This
Li-Fi is a wireless communication system which is used to input is transmitted by converting the signal into square waves
produce visible light communication for high speed wireless using a 555 timer configured in astable mode. These square
communication. It acquired this name due to similarity to Wi- waves represent the bits 1s and 0s of the data. These electrical
Fi. Li-Fi work on simple light principle ,When the LED bulb signals are then transmitted using an antenna. The input
is turn ON, it will transmit a binary digital “1”, when bulb is signals carries from the receiver antenna. Signal is going
turn OFF it will transmit a binary digit “0”. The LED bulb can through NPN transistor and signal is viewed using the virtual
be turn ON and OFF very rapidly so that we can transmit data oscilloscope.
in zero and one form by using LED. To encode data into LED
at different intensity of light a controller circuit is also used.
This technology was developed by German physicist, Harald
Hass. It is a technology that may be as fast data transmission
compare to Wi-Fi. Li-Fi is alternative technology, cost
effective, more robust and useful than Wi-Fi [6].
In Li-Fi system LED is use as transmission device of data
through illumination and Photo detector is use as receiver
device is to receive the light signal and then extract original
data from received light signal.
Microchips inside LED will do the processing of data. The
light intensity can be manipulated to send data by tiny changes
in amplitude. The technology transfers thousands of streams of
data simultaneously in higher speed with the help of special
modulation technique [7].
In paper two modulation schemes presented. At first, a scheme
called subcarrier pulse-position modulation is presented which
is already established as VLC-standard by the VLCC. The
second modulation scheme to be addressed is called frequency
shift keying, commonly referred to as FSK. A detailed account
on modulation can be found in Sugiyama et al.
V. WIRELESS FIDELITY TECHNOLOGY PRINCIPLE
The IEEE 802 standards committee formed the 802.11
Wireless Local Area Networks standards working group in
1987. The 802.1 1 final approval was obtained in 1997[8].
A wireless fidelity technology use much more efficient coding
techniques (process of converting 0’s and 1’s into efficient
radio signals) that also contribute to the much higher data
rates. Wireless Fidelity technology has the ability to change
frequencies. The radio signals are transmitted from antennas
and routers that signals are picked up by Wi-Fi receivers, such
as computers and cell phones that are ready with Wi-Fi cards.
An antenna is an electrical conductor or system of conductors
to send/receive RF signals. Factors affecting wireless system
design as Frequency allocations, multiple access mechanism,
Antennas and propagation, Signals encoding, Error correction
[9].
VI. WIRELESS FIDELITY ARCHITECTURE
The wireless fidelity circuit simulation was carried out using
NI Multisim 12.0. The Wireless Fidelity circuit consists of a Fig 2 : WI- FI Transmitter Architecture
simple 555 timer connected in astable mode, an optocoupler,
and Sample-RF coil antenna connected in transmitter and
receiver circuit with NPN transistor. The input data is set by
using Crystal oscillator and the receive output as signal from
using an oscilloscope.
IJERTV4IS070773 [Link] 1069
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International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 4 Issue 07, July-2015
VII. LIGHT FIDELITY ARCHITECTURE
The light fidelity circuit simulation was carried out using NI
Multisim 12.0. The light fidelity circuit consists of a simple
555 timer connected in astable mode, an optocoupler, and an
inverting amplifier. The input data is set by using mice and the
get output as sound form using a speaker.
Fig 3 : Wi- Fi Receiver Architecture
Fig 5 : Li- Fi Architecture
ig 5 : Li- Fi Architecture
Fig 4: Wi -Fi Circuit Wave
Fig 6: Li-Fi Circuit Wave
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International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 4 Issue 07, July-2015
In second mode of circuit consists of a timer circuit, an voltage. The scale has been adjusted to 1 V/Div, meaning that
optocoupler and an amplifier circuit. The input frequency is the height of a grid block represents 1 V for the channel A
given using a virtual function generator (XFG1). This input is signal. As expected, the source voltage peaks at 1 V, just as
transmitted by converting the signal into square waves using a we instructed it. Channel B contains the voltage across R2,
555 timer configured in astable mode. These square waves and has the same scale as channel A.
represent the bits 1s and 0s of the data. These electrical signals
are then transmitted using an optocoupler. The output signal
from the optocoupler is fed into an inverting amplifier
constructed using Opamp OPA656. The input signal from the
function generator and the output signal from the amplifier are
viewed using the virtual oscilloscope.
VIII. EXPERIMENT WORK AND RESULT
Calculate power in light fidelity circuit and wireless fidelity
circuit. In circuit we used Battery as input current and find
how much power is used by circuit device. Multimeter tool is
used to calculate current and voltage.
We measure the current I and Voltage V using a Multimeter
and then calculate power as:
Fig 7: Li-Fi Circuit
P = V * I………….……eq. (1)
Where P is power T is calculating using number of division and time base for
Where V is Volt light fidelity input:
Where I is Current T=Number of division * Time base
For Power P1 = V1 I1 T=1.5 * 10ms
Total power of circuit P: f =1/ (1.5 *10ms)
= 666.66Hz
P= P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5 + P6 + P7 ……………………………. + P n T is calculating using number of division and time base for
output:
In Light Fidelity circuit calculate Power: T=Number of division * Time base
T=1.7 * 10ms
P = P1 + P 2 + P3 + P4 + P5 + P6 + P7 + P8 f =1/ (1.7 *10ms)
= 588.23Hz
P=1216.057*10-9+111.764*10-9+1838.729*10-9+ 571.295*10- Calculate percentage of frequency loss
9
+22.165* 10-9+4.512*10-9+ 2516.692 * 10-9 +56.366*10-9 Input 666.66Hz
P = 6393.946*10-9 Watt Output 588.23Hz
Loss of frequency Floss =666.66-588.23 =78.43Hz
In Wireless Fidelity circuit calculate Power. % of floss = (78.43/666.66)*100= 11.76%
P= P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5 + P6 + P7 + P8
P =337.6562*10-9+988.1605*10-9+5446.954* 10-9+231.466*
10-9+16.76 *10-9+5.242*10-9 +3100.265*10-9+751.94*
-9 -9
10 +1.515*10
P= 10879.958*10-9 Watt
On the basis of this calculation we compare that power
consumption of circuits by light fidelity is less then compare to
wireless fidelity.
Also calculate the frequency of light fidelity circuit and
wireless fidelity circuit using:
f = 1/T………….………..eq. (2)
Where is: f is frequency Fig 8: Wi -Fi Circuit Wave
T is time period
T is calculating using number of division and time base for
T is calculating using oscilloscope plots voltage in the y-axis wireless fidelity input:
and time in the x-axis. The time base is 1 ms/Div, meaning T=Number of division * Time base
that the length of a grid block is 1 ms this can be adjusted to T=0.4 * 1µs
get a good view of the signal. Channel A contains the input
IJERTV4IS070773 [Link] 1071
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International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 4 Issue 07, July-2015
f =1/ (0.4 *1µs) =1/ (0.4*1*10-6) ACKNOWLEDGMENT
= 2.50MHz I take this opportunity to express my cordial gratitude and
deep sense of indebtedness to Asst. Prof. [Link], for the
T is calculating using number of division and time base for valuable guidance and inspiration throughout the Work. . I
wireless fidelity output: express my gratitude and thanks to all the staff members of
T=Number of division * Time base Computer Science Department for their sincere cooperation in
T=0.11 * 5µs furnishing relevant information to complete this Project well
f =1/ (0.11 *5µs) =1/ (0.11*5*10-6)
in time successfully. I extend a special word to my friends,
= 1.81MHz
who have been a constant source of inspiration throughout my
Project work.
Calculate percentage of frequency loss
Input 2.5MHz REFERENCES
Output 1.81Hz
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VIII. CONCLUSION
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