atl Designation: F 436-93 (Reapproved 2000) Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers’ “Tis sanded io nad wader the ned Sesgnation F436; he uae EnieelyfOUOwing We designation ineicues the yea of ‘igi ston oo the ese of elsion te year ofa tevsoe. A neater in parents incase year las eapecoval A [Spessiptepilon () nuietes ap ela tnge sce fo la evsloe x Teapoval. 1. Scope 1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and dimensional requirements for hardened stee! washers for use ‘with fasteners having nominal thread diameters of Vs through 4 in. These washers ae intended for general-purpose mechanical ‘and stmctural use with bolts, mits, studs, and other internally vd externally threaded fasteners. These washers are suitable of use with fasteners covered in Specifications A325, A 354, A449, A 490, and A 687. 1.2 The washers are designated by fype denoting the mate- rial and by stile denoting the shape: 1.2.1 The types of washers covered are: 12.1.1 De J—Carbon steel. Type $—Weathering steel, Atmospheric corosion resistance and weathering characteristics. are comparable to that of stools covered in Specifications A S88/A $88M ard ‘A709/A 709M. The aimospheric corrosion resistance of these steels is substantially better than that of carbon steel with or without copper addition. See 5.1. When properly exposed to the stmosphere, these steels can be used bare (ancosted) for many applications, 1.22 The styles of washers covered are: [Link] Cireular—Cireular washers in nominal bolt sizes through 4 in. suitable for applications where sufficient space exists and angularicy pemuts. 2 Beveled—Beveled washers are square or rectangu- + in nominal sizes ¥5 through 14 in, wth a beveled 1 10 6 ratio surface for use with American standard beams and channels [Link] Cligped—Clipped washers are circular or beveled for use where space limitations necessitate that one side be clipped. Nore 1A complete metic companion to Spocicaon F436 has Besa developed Speciation F496M, Wesefoe no mee equivalents ae resented inthis specificadon. 2, Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: This specication is under the Jaridition of ASTM Commitee FI6 02 Fanenes and te direst repeasbiliy of Sthcemmitee F152 on Sel Bols, Nox, Rives, and Washers ‘Cust sdiion aproved Mey 10, 2000 Fubished Anstst 2080, Orisinaly publi as FA36-—76 Las previous ection F436 93, Cony © 4ST 100 er Harbor Se, Wat Canonoen Ph HERZ, Use Sate COPYRIGHT amexican Society for Testing and Materials oensed by inforantion Bundling Services [A.153 Specification for Zins Coating (Het Dip) on Iron end ‘Stecl Hardware? A325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat ‘Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength? A.354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steet Bolts, Studs, and Other Extemally Threaded Fasten a A449 Specificaion for Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolis and Studs? ‘A490 Specification for Heat-Treated Stee] Structural Bolts, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength? ASB8VA 588M. Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi [345 MPa] Minimum Yield Point to 4 in, (100 mun} Thick* A687 Specification for High-Strength Nonheaded Steel Bolts and Studs? A709/A 709M. Specification for Structural Steel for Bridges’ A7SI Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for ‘Chemical Analysis of Steel Products? B695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically Deposited on Iron and Steel* 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging” F 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prep- erties of Exiemally and Intemally Threaded Fasteners, ‘Washers, and Rivets? G 101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corsion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels* 3. Ordering Information 3.1 Orders for hardened steel washers under this specifica- tion shall include the following 2.11 ASTM designation and year of iseue, 3.1.2 Quantity (aumber of pieces by size), 3.1.3 Type and Style Gee 1.21 and 1.2.2), 3.14 Zine Coating—Specify the 7inc coating process re- ‘quired, for example, hotdip, mechanically deposited, or no Preference (Gee 43). 3.15 Dimensions, nominal size, and other dimensions, if 2 aul Back of ASTM Sander, NO 106 amnul Bock f ASTM Standar, Vol 01.08 “hop! Book of ASTM Sandee, Nol 01.08 2 Aral Book of ATH Standard, Nol O10, ‘Anal Bock of ASTM Star, Nol 0205. And Bock of ASTM Stars, Wo. 15083. * Amucl Back of ASTM Sander, Nal 0302.Gp F 436 ‘modified from those covered in this specification, 3.1.6 Specify if inspection at point of manufacture is re- quired, 3.17 Specify if manufacturer's certification or test reports, ‘or both, are required, and 3.1.8 Special requirements, 4, Materials and Manufacture 4.1 Steel used in the mannfacture of washers shall be produced by the open-heart, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace process. 4.2. Washers up to and including 114 in. in bol size shall be through hardened. Washers over 1¥& in, may be either through Iardened or carburized at the option of the manufactures. 43 Zine Coatings, Hot-Dip and Mechanically Deposited: 43.1 When inc-coated washers are required, the purchaser hall specify the zinc coating process, for example, hot-dip, schanically deposited, or no preference. 4.3.2 When hot-dip is specified the washers shall be zine coated by the hot-dip process in accosdance with the require iments of Class C of Specification A 153, 4.3.3 When mechanically deposited is specified the washers Shall be zine coated by the mechanical-deposition process in accordance with the requirements of Class 50 of Specification B 695. 334 When no preernee is specified, te sapplier may fumish cither a hot-dip rinc coating in accordance Specification A 153, Class C, ora mechanically deposited zine coating in accordance with Specification B 695, Ciass 50. Threaded components (bolt and nuts) shall be coated by the same zine-costing process and the supplier's option is limited to one process per item with ao mixed processes in a lot. 4.4 If washers are heat teated by 4 subcontractor, they shall bbe retumed to the manufacturer for testing prior to shipment to the purchaser. 5. Chemical Composition 3.1 Type 1 and Type 3 washers shall conform to the chemical composition specified in Table |. For Type 3 see Guide G 101 for methods of estimating corrosion resistance of Tow alloy stecis. 5.2 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser from finished material representing each lot of washers. The chemi- cal composition shall conform to the requicements of 4.1 and 1, 5.3 Individual heats of stel are not identified in the finished product. 54 Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751. 6, Mechanical Properties 6.1 Though hardened washers shall have a hardness of 38 1 45 HRC, except when zine-coated by the hot-dip process, in which case they shall have a hardness of 26 to 45 HRC. 6.2 Carburized washers shall be carburized © a minimum depth of 0.015 in, ané shall have a surface hariness of 69 10 73 HRA or 79 to 83 HRISN, except when rinc-coated by the hot-dip process, in which case they shall have a hardness of 63, to 73 HRA or 73 1 83 BRISN. coPeRraRT Aserican scctety Zor Testing end Matertale Licensed by Zaforsatios Zendiiag services TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements conan Famana me Meat anette 2040 ono Proc arayels 0.050 oos tae, ae eat atta e080 080 Prosvet arabia rey 088 = est arahls 4a eros Prococt amis = ors-aa7 crcnum Hest ants oes-o6s Prodoctaatsis canons Notet ‘Heat onal osseous Pract ralsis ozs copper eat anajots oases Pros artes oz08e 72 Weatharng sil wachors nay dso be manitacknes tor ary othe os [sted in Tble 2 of Spcticalon AS, 63 Carburized and hardened washers shall have a minimum core harness of 30 HRC ot 63 HRA. 7. Dimensions and Tolerances 7.4 All circular and clipped circular washers shall confomn to the dimensions showa in Table 2 and Table 3. 7.2 All square beveled and clipped square beveled washers shall conform to the dimensions shown in Table 3 and Table 4, In addition, rectangular beveled and clipped reccanguler bev ‘eled washers shall conform to the dimensions shown in Table 3 and Table 4, except that one side may be longer than shown for the “A” dimension. 73 Unless osherwise stated in the inguiry or purchase order, plain (uncoated) hardened stecl circular washers stall be fumished. Where corrosion-preventive treatment is required, ‘washers shall be coated as agreed upon between the manufac turer and the purchaser. 8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 8.1 Washers shall be free of excess mill scale, excess ‘coatings and foreign material on bearing surfaces. Arc and gas, ‘cut washers shall be free of metal spatter. 9. Sampling and Number of Tests 9.1 The requirements of this specification shall be met in continaoas mass production for stock, and the manufscuarsr shall make sample Inspections to ensure that the product conforms to the specified requirements. Adctional tests of individual shipments of material are not ordinarily contem- plated. 9.2 When additional tests are specified in the inquiry or purchase order, a lot, for purposes of selecting test samples, shall consist ofall material offered for inspection at one time that has the following common characteristics: 92.1 Same nominal size, 92.2 Same material grade. 9.2.3 Same nominal post treatment (heat treatment or eoat- ing or bout).coprarcaT aneriean Society for 7 Elcenses by inéomasiea Sandiing services ip F 436 TABLE 2. Hardened Circular end Clipped Circular Washers Nove 1—Tolerances are a rote in table on washer dimension tolerances Cie Cina Ciaue ear a Capes OR Come pe Nerina Tenn Nirinum = Ousice ine 88 (al ameter aren sees oan 0, ©), a " ™ mn as a % % = 0st 10 The He te a ost 80 = = se x ast 80 se ea a “ 0st eo = * Ve us coer ore % = ie oe ore on es x ne * oe or ae * se s ois or = : 2 ot aise on = t% a is oi oir ; ve ee es aise ont = ps = os ote ox Be te 2 case et % ms : ome ie 2 = ms onze oan m au ‘ ™ zee oe 2 Be “5 Ea ogee O34 he Be 3 me 0342 3a Be 3 5 ie 24 O34 es oe 3 a 24 ade ie Es ot me O34 O34 Sse oe 7 oe O36 O3ee ee : 7 a ozs Ose 38 ‘Gitpea edge & shal be nocesr Ban Tool ha bol dane Fon a cone of washer 3b roma aie none TABLES Washer Dimension Tolerances Neriareeet aca sneer ASpecton over |_ovee 00 and uncer 1 romin| tan [sean for ro aco0 z Nomira! | Nominal | Nemicai om ere 2 gots, | sor size, | sor See, Ove 2 900 5 (ened Seem atres er Nomitl aus canett in 2% 10, Test Methods FRanas: max sesso fom signe oom ‘Baved on cut se shal not exceed Or) concent, cent’ of hele to outics caneer fur sna net prosct above mmecately ‘jacers washer surace more an (A) "Fl niclae rt 9.3 From each lot described in 9.2, the number of specimens tested for each required property shall be as follows: sng and Materiaie 10.1 Hardness: 10.1.1 Non-carburized Washers—A minimum of two read ings shall be taken 180° apart on at least one face ata minimum depth of 0.015 in, 10.1.2 Carburized Washors—A minimum of two readings shall be taken 180° apart on at least one face. 10.2 Hardness tests shall be performed in accordance with the Rockwell tes, method specified in Test Methods F 606.Gp F 436 TABLE 4 Hardened Beveled Washers Nore I Tolerances are at noted in Tae 3 | i Ee ig 10.4 AT at i . | a t lea a) Whe VS Sues Sua ipa ‘Shane Bevdod and apd Sanne Bevler* = am Nena Sipe Noor - nt seen = an Se o ia ar cs fs ees - & = ts 2 % oa Bs 3 : m es = s is 2a Me = i % 26 a * “ a i 2 ‘ * ‘s ee % 24 * * 1s we ‘Rectungiac Revie washers Sal conform th emandians Phew above, Sap Rat one elle ay longer than tel shown lr Bw A Gonoion “© Cippes eae € ats rte sonar than Yao the bet dante rom he aie le wasn Inspection 11.1 The manufacturer shall efford the purchaser's inspector all reasonable facilides necessary to satisfy him that the material is being produced and furnished in accordance with this specification. Mill inspection by the purchaser shall not interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturer's operations. All tests and inspections shall be made at the place of manufacture, “less otherwise agreed to. 11.2 Tfother than the normal inspection forcontineous mass production of pars as stipulated in 9.1 is soquired by the purchaser, it shall be specified in the inquiry and contract onder. 12. Rejection and Rehearing 12.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements of this specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reported to the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer or supplier may make claim for a rehearing. 43. Certification and Test Report 13.1 Upon request of the purchaser in ths eontract er order, manufacuurer’s certification that the material was manufac- tured and tested in accordance with this specification, together ‘with 2 repor of the latest mechanical tests of each stock size in each shipment, shall be furnished at the time of shipment. 13.2 Data contained in the certified test repont shell include material grade and hardness tests. 14. Responsibility 14.1 The pany responsible for the fastener shell be the COPIRIGET Anerican Sceiety for Testing and Materials Licenses by intometion sasdiiag Services ‘organization that supplies the fastener to the purchaser and certifies that the fastener was manufactured, sampled, tested and inspected in accordance with this specification and meets, all of its requirements, 15. Product Marking 15.1 Washers shall be masked with a symbol, or other distinguishing marks, to identify the manufacturer or private label distributor, as appropriate. 15.2 Additionally, Type 3 weathering steel washers shall be identified with the symbol "3". 15.3 Additional identification or distinguishing marks, or both, may be used by the manaftcturer. 15.4 All marking symbols shall be depressed on one face of the washer. 15.5 Type and manufacturer's or private label distributor's identification shall be separate and distinct. The two identifi- cations shall preferably be in different locations and, when on the same level, shall be separated by at leas. two spaces. 156 It is possible thet during the clipping of circular washers the marking symbols may be removed. This is acceptable provided that the majority of washers in the lot still ‘display the identitcation marks, 16, Packaging and Package Marking 16.1 Packaging: 16.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, packaging shall be in accordance with Practice D 3951. 16.1.2 When special pockaging requirements are required, they shall be defined at the time of the inquiry and order.i) F 436 16.2 Package Marking: 1621.4 Number of pieces, 16.2.1 Each shipping unit shall include orbe plaialy marked 16.2.5 Purchase order number, and ‘with the following information: 162.16 Country of origin. 162.11 ASTM designation ard type, 16.2.12 Size, 17. Keywords 16.213 Name and brand or trademark of the manufacturer, 17.1 carbon steel: stecl: washers; weathering steel ‘SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS SI. Surface Roughness $1.2 Burs shall not exceed 0.01 in. in height SII Washers shall have a multidirectional lay with a surfsce roughness not exceeding 750 yin. in height including any flaws in or on the surface. 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Laisa atm (ange or matin cenize) af ius sansa may b0 sbarnd ay coacng AST el the eoore ausiess oat stos29s8s (bora) 610.852.0556 (ax) nf eaves asercry[o-nai),o Srcigh he ASTM wcbaie mca. CoprRrGi? anericen Society cor sesving and Materials Elcensed by iaformatios Sad! ing services