Blast Proof Occupied Buildings
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Contents Presentation
• References
• Functional Specification Blast Resistant Building
• Basis for design
• Blast & impact loading
• Design modeling & analyses
• Preliminary design
• Design details
2 2
Explosion Analyses & Blast Resistant
Design
) Q gas
ges/hr
V stoichiometric
V Q
3 3
References Blast Resistant Onshore Modular
Buildings
BASF Seal Sands Workshop
Blast resistance check 0,9 Psi
Shell Pernis for Hertel CKT
Blast Resistant Modular Building 8 Psi
BP Refineries for Hertel
Blast Resistant Modular Building 13 Psi
4 4
ATEX 137 Implementation & Training
5 5
Functional Specification Blast Resistant Building
Shell Pernis
• Frame work structural steel; external walls
corrugated plating
• Blast overpressure resistance: 970 mbar; 92,3
millisecond
• Explosion driven 6 inch, 300 lbs blind flange
impact resistance
6 6
Blast resistant building lay out Shell Pernis
7 7
Basis for design specifications;codes & standards
• Specifications:
– GP 04-30
Guidance on practice for design and location of occupied permanent
buildings subject to blast, fire and gas hazards on onshore facilities
– GP 04-20
Guidance on Practice for Civil Engineering
– DEP [Link]-Gen (optional)
Technical specification blast resilient and blast resistant control
buildings/field auxiliary rooms
• Codes and Standards
– ARMY TM 5-1300
Structures to resist the effect of accidental explosions
– PGS 1, part 2B: Effects of explosions on constructions; VROM/SZW;
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Basis for design material properties
• Material strength
Applied yield strength Fy = 355 N/mm² (St. 52 or equivalent)
Ultimate strength Fu = 510 N/mm²
• Dynamic yield stress
Fdy = Fy x SIF x DIF
SIF = Strength increase factor
SIF = 1,1 for structural steel
SIF = 1,2 for cold formed steel cladding panels
DIF = Dynamic increase factor:
DIF = 1.29 for bending/ shear
DIF = 1.19 for tension/ compression
• Applied material properties
Structural steel Fdy = 504/465 N/mm² (Bending-Shear/tension-compression)
Sheeting Fdy = 550/507 N/mm²(Bending-Shear/tension-compression)
9 9
Basis for design criteria
Deformation limits
Element Ductility Rotation Deflection
µ Өº
Beams/girths 20 12
Frame members 3 3 δ < H/25 mm
Metal sheet panels 6 4
Open web joints 2 2
Plates 1.5 12
Ductility µ =Total (plastic) deformation/elastic deformation
H = Frame height in mm
10 10
Load combinations
• Overall strength analysis blast resistant building
– Dead weight + frame blast loading
• Longitudinal direction
• Transverse direction
• Local strength analysis wall and roof panels
• Reflected over pressure
• Impact loading walls
• Floor
– Dead weight + live load (3kN/m²
• Stability
– Dead weight + frame blast loading
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Design modeling & analyses
• Computer programs & analyses
– Local wall and roof analyses
The structural impact and response to the blast pressures to the
external walls and roof are analysed by means of a time domain
non-linear physical excel software.
– Overall frame design
The overall structural blast response calculation is performed with
the software [Link].
The peak dynamic reactions from the walls and roof are applied to
the frame members.
12 12
Design model & analysis outside wall panels
– Local wall and roof analyses
13 13
Design model & analysis outside wall panels
Response corrugated sheet Non linear response
In-elastic response
Elastic response
0.100
0.080
0.060
x [m]
0.040 `
0.020
0.000
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60
-0.020
t [sec]
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Design model & analysis outside wall panels
Non linear spring corrugated sheet
Non linear spring
600000
500000
400000
300000
Fs [N]
200000 0.8
100000
0
-0.020 0.000 0.020 0.040 0.060 0.080 0.100
-100000
-200000
x [m ]
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Design model & analysis outside wall panels
Reaction force corrugated sheet
Reaction force
300000
250000
200000
150000
V [N]
100000
50000
0
-500000.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60
-100000
t [sec]
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Design model and analysis roof panels
17 17
Design model and analysis roof panels
Response Non linear response
In-elastic response
0.180 Elastic response
0.160
0.140
0.120
0.100
x [m]
0.080
0.060
0.040
0.020
0.000
0.000 0.020 0.040 0.060 0.080 0.100 0.120 0.140 0.160 0.180 0.200
t [sec]
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Design model and analysis floor
19 19
Fragment impact analysis
Fragment impact resistance external walls
100
80
velocity (m/s)
60
40 6 inch #300
blind flange
20
0
0 100 200 300 400 500
Weight (kg)
20 20
Blast resistant frame model & analysis
21 21
Blast resistant frame model & analysis
22 22
Blast resistant frame model & analysis
Roof
Floor
23 23
Blast resistant frame model & analysis
24 24
Design details
•Doors
•Windows
•Ducts
•Piping
HVAC 250 mm pipe mounted in corrugated wall
3658
b detail c
525 800
window 1800 500
2905
3100
1800
supporting width
1140
25 25
