216B3 Skid Steer Loader JXM00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C2.2 Engine(SE...
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Product: SKID STEER LOADER
Model: 216B3 SKID STEER LOADER JXM
Configuration: 216B3 Skid Steer Loader JXM00001-UP (MACHINE)
POWERED BY C2.2 Engine
Systems Operation
259B3 Compact Track Loader, 247B3 and 257B3 Multi Terrain Loaders and 216B3,
226B3, 236B3, 242B3 and 252B3 Skid Steer Loaders Machine Systems
Media Number -UENR0250-03 Publication Date -01/06/2014 Date Updated -19/06/2014
i02903265
Piston Pump (Hydrostatic)
SMCS - 5070
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Illustration 1 g01056527
Piston Pump (hydrostatic system)
(1) Adjustment for the maximum displacement (front pump section)
(2) Inlet port for the charge oil
(3) Gauge port for the "B" loop (rear pump section)
(4) Adjustment for the maximum displacement (rear pump section)
(5) "X 3" Pilot pressure port (hydrostatic right side)
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(6) "X 3" Pilot pressure port (hydrostatic left side)
(7) Gauge port for the "B" loop (front pump section)
(8) Port for the case drain
(9) Input shaft
(10) Port for the high pressure oil for the "B" loops
(11) Port for the high pressure oil for the "A" loops
(12) Gauge port for the "A" loop (front pump section)
(13) Gauge port for the "A" loop (rear pump section)
(14) "X 4" Pilot pressure port (hydrostatic left side)
(15) Relief Valve Assembly (Crossover and makeup valves) for the "B" loop (rear pump section)
(16) Speed Sensing Valve Group
(17) Relief Valve Assembly (Crossover and makeup valves) for the "B" loop (front pump section)
(18) "X 4" Pilot pressure port (hydrostatic right side)
(19) Mechanical adjustment for the pump null (front pump section)
(20) Mechanical adjustment for the pump null (rear pump section)
(21) Relief Valve (Charge oil)
(22) Relief Valve Assembly (Crossover and makeup valves) for the "A" loop (rear pump section)
(23) Relief Valve Assembly (Crossover and makeup valves) for the "A" loop (front pump section)
(24) Gauge port for the charge oil
(A) Left side of the Piston Pump (hydrostatic system)
(B) Right side of the Piston Pump (hydrostatic system)
The Piston Pump (hydrostatic system) operates in a closed loop system. The standard single speed
Piston Pump (hydrostatic system) is a variable displacement piston pump. The pump is driven from the
engine flywheel by a coupling that is splined to the input shaft (9) .
The Piston Pump (hydrostatic system) consists of two separate pumps. The two pumps are contained in
one housing. The following main components are located on the outside of the Piston Pump (hydrostatic
system): Input shaft (9), Relief Valve Assembly (Crossover and makeup valves) for the "B" loop (rear
pump section) (15), Speed Sensing Valve Group (16), Relief Valve Assembly (Crossover and makeup
valves) for the "B" loop (front pump section) (17), Relief Valve (Charge oil) (21), Relief Valve
Assembly (Crossover and makeup valves) for the "A" loop (rear pump section) (22) and Relief Valve
Assembly (Crossover and makeup valves) for the "A" loop (front pump section) (23). All of these valves
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are installed on the right side of Piston Pump (hydrostatic system) (B) .
The pilot pressure ports (5), (6), (14) and (18) are connected to the Pilot Valve (hydrostatic system).
Gauge ports (3), (7), (12) and (13) are equipped with pressure taps in order to test the oil pressure in the
"A" and "B" high pressure loops. Gauge port (24) is equipped with a pressure tap in order to test the oil
pressure in the charge oil circuit.
Illustration 2 g01445234
Piston Pump (hydrostatic system)
(9) Input shaft
(25) Port for testing case drain pressure (front pump section)
(26) Port for testing the speed sensing pressure
(27) Port for testing case drain pressure (rear pump section)
(C) Top side of the Piston Pump (hydrostatic system)
Test the oil pressure in the Speed Sensing Valve Group oil circuit at location (26). Test the oil pressure
for the front pump case drain at location (25). Test the oil pressure for the rear pump case drain at
location (27).
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Illustration 3 g01445242
Cutaway of the Piston Pump (hydrostatic system)
(9) Input shaft
(25) Port for testing case drain pressure (front pump section)
(27) Port for testing case drain pressure (rear pump section)
(28) Passages to ports "B"
(29) Actuator group (rear pump section)
(30) Slider (rear pump section)
(31) Slider (front pump section)
(32) Actuator group (front pump section)
(33) Control arm for the swashplate (rear pump section)
(34) Control arm for the swashplate (front pump section)
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(35) Swashplate (rear pump section)
(36) Swashplate (front pump section)
(37) Retraction plate (rear pump section)
(38) Piston (rear pump section)
(39) Rotating group (rear pump section)
(40) Passages to ports "A"
(41) Piston (front pump section)
(42) Rotating group (front pump section)
(43) Retraction plate (front pump section)
The following main components of the Piston Pump (hydrostatic system) are located internally: two
actuator groups (29) and (32), input shaft (9) and two rotating groups (39) and (42). Each rotating group
consists of the following components: swashplates (35) or (36), control arms for the swashplates (33) or
(34), pistons (38) or (41), retraction plates (37) or (43) and one cylinder barrel in each rotating group.
The pilot pressure ports (5), (6), (14) and (18) are used to control the angle of the swashplates (35) and
(36). The angle of the swashplates combine with the engine rpm in order to control the output from each
of the pump sections. The pilot oil that flows to the pilot pressure ports first flows through the resolver
network that is a part of the Pilot Valve (hydrostatic system). Refer to the Systems Operation, "Pilot
Hydraulic System" for additional information.
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Illustration 4 g01445254
Actuator group (front pump section)
(1) Adjustment for the maximum displacement (front pump section)
(5) "X 3" Pilot pressure port (hydrostatic right side)
(17) Relief Valve Assembly (Crossover and makeup valves) for the "B" loop (front pump section)
(18) "X 4" Pilot pressure port (hydrostatic right side)
(19) Mechanical adjustment for the pump null (front pump section)
(23) Relief Valve Assembly (Crossover and makeup valves) for the "A" loop (front pump section)
(44) Spring collar
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(45) Actuator piston
(46) Spring
(47) Spring collar
The input shaft (9) for the rotating groups (39) and (42) consists of two shafts that are splined together
between the two rotating groups. Swashplates (35) and (36) can operate independently. Rotating group
(39) supplies oil to the left piston motor. Rotating group (42) supplies oil to the right piston motor. For
the following example of the operation of the pump, rotating group (42) will be used. Rotating group
(39) will operate in the same manner.
When the operator moves the travel control lever to the FORWARD position, pilot oil flows out of the
Pilot Valve (hydrostatic system) and into "X 4" Pilot pressure port (hydrostatic left side) (18). The
pressure of the pilot oil that is flowing into pilot pressure port (18) causes the actuator piston (45) to
overcome the force of spring (46). When the actuator piston overcomes the force of the spring, the
piston moves to the right.
The movement of the piston to the right causes the slider (front pump section) (31) to move the control
arm for the swashplate (front pump section) (34). The movement of the control arm increases the angle
of the swashplate (front pump section) (36). Half of the pistons in the cylinder barrel pull oil into the
rotating group as the pistons rotate around the swashplate. The oil enters the Piston Pump (hydrostatic
system) through ports "A". The oil flows into the rotating groups through passages to ports "A" (40).
The other half of the pistons push oil out of the rotating group as the pistons rotate around the
swashplate. The oil exits the rotating group through passages to ports "B" (28). As the angle of the
swashplate increases, the output of the oil also increases.
When the operator moves the travel control lever to the BACKWARD position, pilot oil flows out of the
Pilot Valve (hydrostatic system) and into "X 3" Pilot pressure port (hydrostatic right side) (5). The
pressure of the pilot oil that is flowing into pilot pressure port (5) causes the actuator piston (45) to
overcome the force of spring (46). When the actuator piston overcomes the force of the spring, the
piston moves to the left.
The movement of the piston to the left causes the slider (front pump section) (31) to move the control
arm for the swashplate (front pump section) (34). The movement of the control arm increases the angle
of the swashplate (front pump section) (36). Half of the pistons in the cylinder barrel pull oil into the
rotating group as the pistons rotate around the swashplate. The oil enters the Piston Pump (hydrostatic
system) through ports "B". The oil flows into the rotating groups through passages to ports "B" (28).
The other half of the pistons push oil out of the rotating group as the pistons rotate around the
swashplate. The oil exits the rotating group through passages to ports "A" (40). As the angle of the
swashplate increases, the output of the oil also increases.
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Illustration 5 g01056543
(16) Speed Sensing Valve Group
(17) Relief Valve Assembly (Crossover and makeup valves) for the "B" loop (front pump section)
(23) Relief Valve Assembly (Crossover and makeup valves) for the "A" loop (front pump section)
The Speed Sensing Valve Group (16) senses the change in the flow of oil from the Gear Pump (charge
oil, implement, air conditioner, and fan drive) as the engine speed changes. An orifice in the Speed
Sensing Valve Group creates a pressure differential within the valve. The valve uses the pressure
differential to route more flow or less flow to the Pilot Valve (hydrostatic system) in order to control the
Piston Pump (hydrostatic system). An increase in the pressure differential will cause more oil to flow to
the Pilot Valve (hydrostatic system). The Pilot Valve (hydrostatic system) uses this oil to control the
swashplates in the Piston Pump (hydrostatic system).
The pressure of the Speed Sensing Valve Group to the Pilot Valve (hydrostatic system) fluctuates from
1100 ± 200 kPa (160 ± 30 psi) with the engine at low idle to 2550 ± 100 kPa (370 ± 15 psi) with the
engine at high idle. The engine low idle speed is 1000 ± 50 rpm. The engine high idle speed is 3240 ± 50
rpm.
The pilot valve will not function unless the interlock system is energized. The solenoid valve that is a
part of the pilot valve is part of the interlock system. The solenoid valve must be energized in order for
pilot oil to flow into the pilot valve. Without pilot oil, the pilot valve will not function. Refer to the
Systems Operation, "Pilot Hydraulic System" for additional information.
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