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Chapter One: 1.cognates - Definition

This document discusses cognates in German vocabulary. It defines cognates as words with similar spellings and meanings across languages. True cognates have identical or similar meanings, while partial cognates have some similarities and differences in meaning. False cognates have similar spellings but different meanings. The document provides examples of cognate patterns between German and English words, and advises learners to recognize cognate relationships to facilitate vocabulary learning. It also warns of potential pitfalls from partial and false cognates.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
212 views4 pages

Chapter One: 1.cognates - Definition

This document discusses cognates in German vocabulary. It defines cognates as words with similar spellings and meanings across languages. True cognates have identical or similar meanings, while partial cognates have some similarities and differences in meaning. False cognates have similar spellings but different meanings. The document provides examples of cognate patterns between German and English words, and advises learners to recognize cognate relationships to facilitate vocabulary learning. It also warns of potential pitfalls from partial and false cognates.

Uploaded by

Juan Islas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter One

1. Cognates—definition
2. Nouns—recognition, gender and cognate
paterns
3. Nouns—formation of the plural forms
4. Compound nounds
5. Cognates—partially similar meanings
6. False cognates

1.Cognates--definition

1. The task of learning German vocabulary is simplified by true


cognates, i.e., words which have similar spellings and identical or
similar meanings. From common Germanic roots come cognates
such as Sommer and summer, Wolf, and wolf. From other common
roots come cognates such as Echo and echo, Sphäre and sphere.

2. The task is sometimes hindered by partial cognates (words which


look alike but have both similar and divergent meanings) and false
cognates (words with similar spellings but no related meanings).

Partial cognates:

Existenz = existence but also subsistence


Fleisch = flesh but also meat or pulp

False cognates:

Rock = coat, skirt


Kind = child

3. A logical first step in learning to read German is to learn how to


recognize the true cognates and to become aware of the partial or
false cognates.

2.Nouns—recognition, gener, and cognate patterns

1. All nouns Garman are capitalized:

Der Mann trinkt ein Glas Bier. The man


drinks a glass of beer.
2. German nouns, unlike English nouns, are one of three genders:
masculine, faminine, or neuter. Masculine nouns are often preceded
by a form of der (the) or ein (a or an), femenine nouns by a form of
die or eine, and neuter nouns by a form of das or ein. (The case of
these articles will be explained in chapter 4.)
3. A knowledge of the following consonant relationships which exist
between German and English will help you recognize or remember
German-Englisch cognate more readily:
GERMAN ENGLISH
f, ff (initial or final) usually corresponds to p
ein Schiff a ship
die Hilfe the help
pf (initial, medial or usually corresponds to p, pp
final) der Pfeffer the pepper
ein Apfel an apple
der Trumpf the trump
b (medial or final) usually corresponds to v or f
das Silber the silver
taub deaf
d usually corresponds to th
die Erde the earth
ein Bruder a brother
ch usually corresponds to k
die Milch the milk
der Mönch the monk
cht usually corresponds to ght
die Macht the might
ein Licht a light
g usually corresponds to y or i
der Weg the way
eine Magd a maid
k usually corresponds to ch or c
der Käse the cheese
die Klasse the class
s, ss, ß (medial or usually corresponds to t
final) eine Straße a street
das Wasser the water
das Los the lot (fate)
tz usually corresponds to t
eine Katze a cat
das Salz the salt
t usually corresponds to d
das Wort the word
der Traum the dream
ALLIGATOAH MEDLEY
Am Anfang war ich noch
geschockt, denn der Postbote
Trug heute morgen weder Rock
noch Hose Das war nur’ne
Kostprobe
Geh’ in Bäckereien meiner Stadt
Alle legten ihre Beinkleider ab

Und ich sag sie sollen sich nich


anpassen sonden sich treu
bleiben
Also dem alten Stil und keine
Neuheiten
Ausprobieren, auch wenn sie
diesen Zwang hassen
Meine Güte, sie müssen sich halt
anpassen

Hallo Schatz, ich bin mit Nazis


down (Ha)-Spaß, aber ich hab’
HIV
Ich habe auch wieder
angefangen, Geiseln zu
schlachten
Ich kann es eifach nicht lassen

Ey, ob Versicherungsverteter oder


Schifffahrtsunternehmer,
Hundetrainer,
Grundschullehrer mit ‘ner
Kifferlunge, jeder
Der noch bei Verstand und nich
Geisteskrank ist
Erleichtert seinen Kleiderschank
Weil ihn die Frage plagt:

Sie haben sich verändert


Wer hat denn das erlaubt?
Es war doch meine Band, das
Hat mir den Tag versaut

…und ich sagt, ich wäre


Seltsam geworden, ja ja ve ve
Ich sitze da und les AGB’s
Nein, ich hab mich nicht geschüttelt,
nagut, mir ist kalt, man
Mach mal halblang und pass mir die
Salzstagen!

Ich hab’ kein’ Bock, in der Kälte zu


frieren
Ich hab’ kein’ Bock, mein Geld zu
verlieren

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