CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents and discusses Research Design and methodology,
data gathering techniques, Architectural Design. System requirements covering
the software and hardware requirements. The Gantt chart presented in the
succeeding page reflects the timeline for the fulfillment and completion of the
project.
Research Design and Methodology
The presented study uses a software development methodology known as
the Rapid Application Development methodology. This methodology heavily
emphasizes rapid prototyping and iterative delivery. The RAD model is,
therefore, a sharp alternative to the typical waterfall development model, which
often focuses largely on planning and sequential design practices. And as to
research design the researchers implement the use of Developmental Research,
this type of research design has been defined as the systematic study of
designing, developing, and evaluating instructional programs, processes, and
products that must meet criteria of internal consistency and effectiveness.
Developmental research is particularly important in the field of instructional
technology. The most common types of developmental research involve
situations in which the product-development process is analyzed and described,
and the final product is evaluated.
Data Gathering Technique
The researchers used two of the data gathering techniques which are
focus group discussion and the in depth interview. First a focus group discussion
is a gathering of people that has the same background or experiences to discuss
a specific topic of interest. It is a form of qualitative research where questions
are asked about their perceptions opinion and ideas. Regarding to the study we
use this technique to ask a group of people what most problem can be
encountered when taking an internship program and by this we use the collected
data to process our general objective.
The second data gathering technique that the researchers employed was
in depth interview, a type of technique that is used to identify the business flows
and transactions regarding a particular research subject. The main advantage of
personal interviews is that they involve personal and direct contact between
interviewer and interviewee, the researchers use the technique to ask questions
to a specific type of person that has a concern on the said study.
Architectural Design
The architectural design describes the system’s major components, their
relationships, and how they interact with each other. Software architecture and
design includes several contributory factors such as the web-based system,
system server, internet, users and the database.
Figure 3.1 Architectural Diagram
Figure 3.2 Context Diagram of Online Internship Management
System
Figure 3.2 shows the context diagram of Online Internship Management
System with three entities, the Coordinator, a Supervisor/Company and the
Intern. It also shows the transactions between the entities and the program.
As shown in the diagram the Coordinator should be able to input data
such as schedules, class, company, supervisor, and intern and also the
Coordinator should be able received/see data such as intern’s attendance,
performance, accomplishments reports and user profile of the interns, supervisor
and lastly the company details.
The second entity is the Supervisor/Company the entity should be able to
input data which are the weekly rating, the intern’s grade and last is the
individual feedback this entity is capable of viewing the intern’s profile,
attendance, accomplishment reports, and performance.
The last entity is the Intern the entity should be able to input its
attendance and accomplishment report, and it should be able to see its own
profile, attendance, accomplishment reports, and performance.
Figure 3.3 Data Flow Diagram – Coordinator of Online Internship
Management System
Figure 3.3 shows the interaction between the system and the Coordinator
where it will be the systems administrator means that it will be the one who can
manipulate data inside the system such as adding users like a supervisor and the
intern also viewing their profile and attendance. It is also able to see an Intern’s
data which are its attendance, accomplishment report, and its performance and
at any given time the Coordinator might also if needed to print documents.
Figure 3.4 Data Flow Diagram – Supervisor/Company of Online
Internship Management System
Figure 3.4 shows the interaction between the system and the
Supervisor/Company which main purpose is to monitor an intern’s performance
based on its attendance and accomplishment through the entire program and
responding to it by giving a weekly grade and in when an intern finished its time
the Supervisor/Company should give a final grade and a personal feedback to
each intern. And if needed it can also print documents.
Figure 3.5 Data Flow Diagram – Intern of Online Internship
Management System
Figure 3.5 shows the interaction between the intern and the system, first
the intern must login, then there the intern may choose to submit it’s in date
attendance or submit an accomplishment or view data’s like its list of attendance
performance, and accomplishment reports. And also if needed the intern can
have a copy of its own documents.
Figure 3.6 Entity-Relationship Diagram of Online Internship
Management System
Figure 3.6 displays the Entity Relationship Diagram of Online Internship
Management System composed of seven entities such as Intern, Company,
Coordinator, Supervisor, Attendance, Class, Schedule, and Accomplishment.
Those entities represented the table in the database of the system. Every
entity has its own attribute which represents the branches on each entity. This
figure also represents the relationship between one entity and another. Every
table has a unique key or the primary key that is used as a unique identifier of
the attribute in one table. It also shows how entities are connected to one
another.
System Requirements
The researchers used software and hardware for creating the
Development and implementation of a web-based system for Online Internship
Management System
Software Requirements
These are the software needed in order for the proposed system to be
utilized.
Operating System Windows 10 and Windows 7 Ultimate
Programming Language PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor)
Database MySQL, SQL Server
Table 3.1. Software Requirements
Table 3.1 presents the operating system used in developing the system is
Windows 10 and Windows 7 Ultimate. The Programming Language used in
developing is a widely-used, open source scripting language known as PHP (PHP:
Hypertext Preprocessor) it is used to make Web services applications easier to
develop. In creating the database of the system the researchers used MySQL.
MySQL is a Oracle-backed open source relational database management system
(RDBMS). It is based on the structure query language (SQL), which is used for
adding, removing, and modifying information in the database. SQL Server, on
the other hand add several features to standard SQL, including transaction
control, exception and error handling, row processing, and declared variables.
Hardware Requirements
Processor Dual Core Processor 2.0 GHz
Disk Space Minimum of 500 GB free space
Back Up Minimum of 500 GB free space
Memory Minimum of 4GB RAM
Modem Broadband
Printer All-in-one Printer
Table 3.2. Hardware Requirements
Table 3.2 presents the hardware needed in order for the proposed system to be
utilized. The processor required by the system to be used is at least a processor
that has a Dual Core and should be able to process at 2.0 GHz. The disk space
must have a minimum size of 500 GB for that the system will store a lot of
images. In the back up memory, a minimum of 500 GB free space is required
and a RAM of 4GB or higher. A modem that can be used is any broadband or
wireless router for it will need internet connection to be used. In printing, an all-
in-one printer is recommended.
Gantt Chart
In the development of the project, it is a must to come up with specific
dates reflecting the timelines, targets and milestones. This leads to the
systematic fulfillment of every deliverables. The researchers made use of Gantt
chart to reflect specific tasks.
The timeline and list of activities in the construction of the application
Online Internship Management System is reflected in Figure 4.4 where every
step has been meticulously looked into and recorded.
The researchers began the project by preparing for the project proposal
which lasted for 15 days. Included was the conduct of interview with the OJT
Coordinator found at Coloy-Coloy, Impig Sipocot Camarines Sur. First few part of
the documentation was a discussion about the study, particularly, its purpose
and description, its objectives, and limitations. All these form part of Chapter I
and the same were presented during Title Defense.
After the Title Defense a number of improvements was done and the
system design was looked into for the website to have interactive interface. All
accomplished tasks in this level were submitted to the capstone adviser for
critiquing and scrutiny. School visits were made to gather the needed related
studies and literature as part of Chapter II. This took the researchers 22 days
and spent another 14 days in constructing the DFD, the Context Diagram, and
the Entity Relationship Diagram. All of these were important as these show the
flow and process of the whole system.
Preliminary Defense was failed, however, the members of the panel gave
a number of comments and recommendations to improve the functionality and
the designs of the system to meet some specific objectives mentioned in the
Chapter I but at the second time the Preliminary Defense was passed.
Chapter III which was about diagram constructions was done this
being one of the major parts of the entire paper. Then, the researchers
proceeded to preparing Chapter IV comprised of systems analysis, design, and
requirements. During the system development and testing, errors were
encountered. After resolving all the errors, the group proceeded to preparing
Chapter V - Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations.
Another 30 days were spent by the researchers in polishing the system
and revising the manuscript with the guidance of the group’s capstone project. It
was made sure that the system was 100% functional as such is the major
requirement during the Final Defense.
Finally, the group passed the Final Defense and after a little more
refinement, the manuscript was submitted to concerned offices and the system
was deployed to the recipient school, the Central Bicol State University of
Agriculture-Sipocot, Camarines Sur.
2019 2020
NO. TA SK EXPECTED OUTPUT START END DURATION
A UG SEP OCT NOV DEC JA N FEB MA R A PR MA Y
Preparatnion for Conduct Interview,
1 8/21/2019 9/9/2019 15
Proposal Defense Approval Letter
Proposal and Approval of the
2 Approval of Thesis Project with 8/19/2019 8/24/2019 3
Project Denfense.
Interview with the Approval of the
3 8/25/2019 9/7/2019 10
Respondent school
Analysis of the DFD, ERD, Context
4 9/17/2019 10/4/2019 14
System Diagram
Information
5 Data Gathering 9/21/2019 3/24/2020 132
Gathering
Conducting a
Internet Research,
6 Research Related 2/13/2020 3/14/2020 22
Library Visit
the System
Creating Chapter 1-
7 Thesis Documents 12/10/2020 3/15/2020 69
3
Preliminary 76% of the
1/27/2020 1/27/2020 1
Defense Prototype
80% of the
8 Re-defense 3/2/2020 3/2/2020 1
Prototype
Completing of the Creating Chapter 1-
9 3/8/2020 4/4/2020 20
Documents 5
Polishing and
Finalizing Project
10 Finalizing the 3/10/2020 3/29/2020 14
and Testing
Project
11 Prototype Testing T esting the Project 3/30/2020 4/7/2020 7
Capstone Project Fulfilling
12 4/13/2020 4/13/2020 1
Final Defense Recommendation
Revised Chapter 1-
Finalizing the
5 & other 4/13/2020 4/28/2020 16
documents
documents
Submission of Hardbound
13 4/29/2020 4/29/2020 1
Manuscript Documents
Implementation Submitted the
14 and Deployment system to the 4/30/2020 4/30/2020 1
of the Program client
