PNB AR 2007 With BH Names
PNB AR 2007 With BH Names
ON ALL FRONTS
2 0 0 7 A NNUA L R EPORT
Mission and Vision
We are a leading, dynamic Filipino financial services group with a
global presence committed to delivering a whole range of quality
products and services that will create value and enrich the lives of our
customers, employees, shareholders and communities we serve.
December 31
2007 2006
Results of Operations
Gross Income 19,940,996 20,172,979
Total Expenses 18,442,546 19,352,950
Net Income 1,498,450 820,029
Financial Condition
Total Assets 239,705,040 243,471,065
Loans and Receivables 76,575,031 83,592,219
Total Liabilities 209,475,922 218,714,790
Deposit Liabilities 178,811,969 181,667,692
Total Equity 30,229,118 24,756,275
Per Share1/
Basic / Diluted Earnings Per Share 2.43 1.42
Book Value Per Share 45.48 43.01
1/ attributable to equity holders of the Parent Company
Florencia G. Tarriela Omar Byron T. Mier
Chairman Vice Chairman, President and CEO
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 3
P
hilippine National Bank accelerated its growth momentum in
2007 and exceeded targets and expectations, thus achieving
significant breakthroughs on all fronts:
• Your Bank’s surge in profitability surpassed even the growth rate of the industry.
• The growth was broad-based as improvements were made in practically all the major
segments of the Bank’s business.
• We increased capital substantially through a follow-on equity offering which was highly
successful and considered as the biggest in Philippine banking.
• We brought down our non-performing loans level by 63% over the last two years.
• The Bank prepaid its P6.1 billion obligation to the Philippine Deposit Insurance
Corporation four years ahead of the loan’s due date.
• We implemented initiatives and innovations aimed at further fortifying organizational
capability and operational efficiency.
Your Bank reengineered a number of its remittance products and forged relationships
with strategic business partners both local and overseas. PNB now has a network of 3,000
domestic payment outlets, one of the widest in the remittance business. PNB also launched
the PNB Cargo Services, Inc. to provide freight forwarding services to Global Filipinos in the
United States.
In addition, the Global Filipino Auto Loan Program was offered to complement the
growing Own a Philippine Home Loan Program. Both financing programs are open to
Filipinos working abroad who may want to invest on real estate properties or provide a
motor vehicle for their families back home.
A highly oversubscribed
follow-on equity offering
infused fresh capital of
P5.1 billion. As a result,
total capital stood at
P 30.2 billion at year-
end, translating into a
capital adequacy ratio of
19.0%, by far exceeding
the minimum 10% ratio
required by the Bangko
Sentral ng Pilipinas.
customers across segments with 24-hour all year round capability; and effectively in-source
core overseas technology operations to its global data center in the Philippines.
We restructured some segments of our organization to improve our ability to serve
our customers, generate revenues, and tap into new markets. We reorganized geographic
groupings as well as the oversight sales and service functions in branch banking to ensure
that our branches remain focused on providing our customers with excellent service. We
also put in place measures to reinvigorate our consumer lending business and strengthened
product management throughout the organization.
All our initiatives adhered to the risk management framework that we adopted to
identify, measure and manage risks.
We intensified investment in our people through various human resource management
and development programs. In 2007, for example, more than 65% of PNB employees
underwent various training and development programs to bring competencies at par with
business requirements.
We implemented GIFTSWEB, an enhanced due diligence anti-money laundering solution
which fulfills the strict and complex regulatory requirements for the detection, monitoring
and reporting of suspected money laundering activities.
Our hard work continued to reap rewards. Your Bank was, once again, the recipient of
several noteworthy awards and commendations during the year. For the fourth straight year
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 7
SUSTAINING BREAKTHROUGHS
Moving forward, we shall remain focused on further
developing those capabilities that have made us resilient
and better equipped to take on the challenges and
opportunities of a global business environment that has
increasingly become more competitive.
We look forward to the planned merger between PNB
and Allied Banking Corporation in the third quarter of 2008. The merger will harness the
synergy of the two banks, thus improving the industry ranking of PNB, the surviving bank.
Our aim is not just to be the premier financial institution in the country but more
importantly, to better serve our various stakeholders, in particular, our customers who have
given us their continued trust and patronage.
As in the past, we dedicate our efforts to our shareholders, our customers, our employees,
and our fellow countrymen who provide a wellspring of inspiration and guidance. We shall
endeavor to sustain the legacy of our 91-year history and remain as an instrument of the
country’s economic growth and a conduit for achieving the Filipino people’s hopes and
aspirations for a better life.
Operational HIGHLIGHTS
RETAIL BANKING
In 2007, PNB implemented four key initiatives to boost its retail business:
enhance customer experience across multi-channel contact points; rationalize
geographical presence; introduce products and services to meet evolving
market needs; and improve operational efficiency.
A Model Branch Program was launched during the year with the
rollout of a modern banking hub in Alabang featuring convenient customer
amenities and staffed by seasoned banking professionals. The Model Branch
Program aims to provide clients with better and more efficient customer
service. A total of 17 branch renovations and 6 branch relocations were also
completed to improve customer access and convenience.
Furthermore, 58 new ATMs were deployed in strategic onsite and offsite
locations, bringing PNB’s total ATM network to 393 by the end of the year.
The high online serviceability, security and convenience of the Bank’s ATM
network earned citations for PNB as the top ranked MegaLink member bank
in terms of ATM reply rate and also one of the best performing banks in
terms of controllable approval rate and host availability.
The Bank utilized the latest technology to deliver more responsive
banking services to its clients, reduce costs, and improve productivity. In
2007, PNB current account depositors started to receive their Statements
of Account with scanned images in lieu of the usual computer printed
sheets and actual physical checks. This enables clients to enjoy the
convenience and benefits of digital technology in organizing their
account records and checks, at par with the standards in the USA, South
America and United Kingdom.
To ensure optimal efficiency in checks processing, the Bank also launched
the Electronic Imaging and Signature Verification System, which integrates
processing, imaging and signature verification of clearing checks into one
automated system. And for added client security, the Bank completed
the ATM Key Encryption Project, thus making its ATMs compliant with
international security standards.
CONSUMER FINANCE
The Bank’s consumer lending business broke new highs in 2007 as total
outstanding consumer loans portfolio rose by 16% from previous year’s
level. The Consumer Banking Sector capitalized on the favorable interest
rates scenario during the year that spurred housing, motor vehicle and
personal loan borrowings.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 9
Operational HIGHLIGHTS
Operational HIGHLIGHTS
CORPORATE BANKING
PNB’s corporate loan portfolio grew by 11% as the Bank’s Business
Development Sector (BDS) embarked on an aggressive marketing and credit
risk management strategy that emphasized generating new partnerships,
strengthening existing relationships with corporate and government clients
and improving lending infrastructure and delivery systems.
During the year, the Bank also focused its efforts in fortifying its presence
in the small-and-medium enterprise (SME) market. Loans to SMEs grew by
25%, accounting for almost 25% of the sector’s loan portfolio in 2007. The
Bank’s commercial lending centers strategically located in the major cities
nationwide were instrumental in mobilizing funding for SMEs.
Meanwhile, loans to the government sector expanded by 8% despite
the statutory 90-day freeze on public works during an election year. PNB’s
BDS and Treasury Group collaborated to introduce bond underwriting as
an alternative financing for local government units (LGUs). By year-end, the
Bank facilitated the issuance of P 500 million LGU bonds.
Lending to large private corporations expanded by 4%, comprising
45% of total corporate loans. A major milestone for corporate lending was
PNB’s participation as one of the co-lenders in the landmark US$ 380 million
financing for the privatization of the Magat Hydropower Plant. The Magat
loan syndication achieved several firsts: the first power sector privatization
in Asia with significant foreign participation (International Finance Corp. efficiency and speed in the settlement of
and Nordic Investment Bank); the first financing in the Philippines in which financial obligations between suppliers
lenders assumed electricity market risk; and the first major financing that and customers. Moreover, the Bank’s
included a significant amount of long-tenor Philippine peso financing. The Corporate Internet Banking facility was
deal bagged four citations from prestigious international finance magazines introduced to allow corporate clients to
that conduct research and analysis on project financing developments around conveniently manage their day-to-day
the world, to wit: Best Project Finance and Best Privatization given by The banking transactions online.
Asset Magazine (Triple A House and Deal Awards 2007); Asia Pacific Power In 2007, the BDS underwent
Deal of the Year given by the Project Finance International; and the Best reorganization to enable it to focus on
Vanilla Deal in Southeast Asia awarded by Alpha Southeast Asia Magazine. market and business development. In
PNB’s various business banking services helped in strengthening and particular, the credit evaluation function
expanding relationships with institutional clients. The Bank’s comprehensive was spun off to a separate unit.
collection platform provides payment convenience to customers of PNB Continuous improvements in credit
clients using the Bank’s multi-channel capabilities—branch counters, ATM, processing and documentation were
Internet banking, phone and mobile banking while other business banking also undertaken to make sure that BDS
solutions like the Paywise and CashMover address their disbursement is in a better position to meet market
requirements. The Corporate e-Pay solution was enhanced to provide greater demands.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 13
streams and expand trading opportunities, an Equity Trading Division A Joint Auction Agreement with
was formed in the fourth quarter of 2007. Throughout the year, Treasury Allied Banking Corporation was forged to
continued to beef up its personnel complement and enhanced the skills take advantage of synergies in marketing,
of its staff through continuous training. In line with developments in the advertising and logistical support. As a
regulatory environment, Treasury, in collaboration with the Risk Management result, eleven joint auctions in various parts
Group, strengthened its risk management tools by reviewing, updating and of the country were conducted during the
expanding its set of risk limits. year and actively participated in by branches
of both banks. The Bank likewise inked its
ASSET MANAGEMENT first joint venture deal with Eton Properties
PNB’s asset disposal program went on high gear in 2007. The Philippines Inc., the real estate flagship of
upswing in the real estate market coupled with the implementation the LT Group of Companies. PNB looks
of new programs and strategies; and the re-engineering of the Bank’s forward to closing more joint ventures with
Asset Management Sector enabled PNB to dispose P 1.4 billion worth of strategic partners to generate better value
acquired assets. and returns for the Bank’s ROPAs.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 15
Operational HIGHLIGHTS
REMEDIAL MANAGEMENT
The Bank’s Remedial Management
Sector focused its energies in 2007 on
aggressive collection efforts, restructuring
and foreclosures of non-performing loans
unlike in the previous two years when the
bulk of the reductions were done through
Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) sales.
Consequently, NPLs were further reduced
to P 10.3 billion.
The Bank also completed in the first
quarter of 2007 the sale of the second pool
of non-performing assets amounting to P 7.6
billion which were part of the total portfolio
sold through an SPV scheme in late 2006.
Building Communities
PNB has also joined forces with Gawad Kalinga (GK). This multi-
sectoral social development movement envisions transforming poverty-
stricken areas into model communities where Filipinos could live in dignity
and peace. To meaningfully celebrate the Bank’s 91st anniversary last July
22, an army of volunteer Philnabankers willingly toted shovels, rollers and
brushes in the searing sun to help complete the GK Sunshineville Village
in BF Resort, Las Piñas. The Bank’s involvement in the GK movement was
further strengthened with the donation in December 2007 of a valuable real
estate property in Lubao, Pampanga as the future site of a PNB-GK Village.
Fund raising efforts are ongoing in the PNB community to build at least 10
homes by next year.
PNB looks forward to the coming years with more meaningful programs
and projects where it could share its blessings as a way of paying forward,
particularly, the underprivileged communities, whose children deserve safer
haven and educational opportunities to ensure their better future and
ultimately a stronger nation for all.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 17
Corporate GOVERNANCE
INFORMATION SECURITY AND TECHNOLOGY RISK Under the Market Risk management process, the Bank has
Information Security and Technology Risk is a shared approved limits on its trading portfolio as well as on its investment
responsibility of everyone in the Bank. The Board plays an important portfolio. This is done for both local and foreign currency trading
role through its review and approval of new technology projects portfolios. Market limits are reviewed on an annual basis and
and oversight functions. Senior management also embraces the appropriately adjusted to reflect the Bank’s direction in trading
day-to-day monitoring of said projects. risks, and asset-liability mix targets.
Internal controls and monitoring efforts for managing this Under the Liquidity Risk/Interest Rate Risk management
type of risk include, among others, the following: process, the Bank’s current monitoring tools are as follows:
• Creation of an independent Information Security & Technology Maximum Cumulative Outflow, Stress Testing, Liquid Assets Array,
Risk Unit under the umbrella of RMG Liquidity Ratios and Earnings at Risk Limit.
• Adoption and customization of the technology risk management The Bank has adopted the following principles on best
framework and the conduct of information security assessment practices for operational risk management imposed by Basel II:
• Inventory, review or updating of all existing systems to determine • Oversight of the Board of Directors through the RMC
its efficiency and applicability • Accountability and direct involvement of the Management in
• Documentation of policies and procedures on information managing Operational Risk
security and technology process • Well-defined risk management policies contained in the
• Continuous training of existing manpower to keep abreast with Operational Risk Management Manual
technology development and continuous screening of qualified • Designation of Risk Overseer in each business line and
applicants to maintain sufficient number of workforce operating unit
• Defining and testing the Business Contingency Plan, including • Independent risk management function, compliance function
system software back-ups, to ensure continuity of operations in and audit function
the event of disruptions • Shared risk management responsibility across the organization
• Conduct of vulnerability assessment and penetration testing to from top level to the lowest staff in the organization
identify gaps/vulnerability and implement remedial measures
• Monitoring/review of all outsourcing activities To cover operational risks, the Bank maintains the following
• Consistent monitoring of systems to address downtime and management tools and processes:
causes of failure • Business Contingency Plan
• Back-Up and Recovery Program
BASEL II IMPLEMENTATION • Risk and Control Self-Assessment
The Bank’s Basel II compliance roadmap is in place. A Basel II • Operational risk mapping to Eight Business Lines
team is now fully engaged to follow through with both current and • Product/Project Management Business Model
future requirements that regulators and global standards require.
The Bank is compliant with BSP’s requirement on the quarterly The Bank’s risk management process is continuously being
reporting of the bank’s Capital Adequacy Ratio. reviewed and strengthened as part of an intrinsic discipline to
For Credit Risk management, the Bank has clearly defined achieve a high quality portfolio of risk assets and to make the
measurement areas of monitoring to comply to both BSP and institution fully in step with Basel II implementation.
internal requirements. These are regularly reported to the RMC by
the Compliance Division and the RMG.
Mandatory compliance requirements cover loans, investments,
reserves, foreign currency, and MOU limits, among others. Internal
compliance requirements, on the other hand, include Single
Borrower’s Limit, DOSRI ceilings per BSP guidelines, target industry
limits, limits on Financial Institutions, country risk limit, and treasury
risk limit.
20 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Board of DIRECTORS
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 21
Board of DIRECTORS
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 23
Front row, from left to right: Third row, from left to right:
EVP Carmen G. Huang - Chief Financial Officer & Chief of Staff to the President FSVP Ramon L. Lim - Head, Treasury Sector
EVP Ma. Elena B. Piccio - Head, Business Development Sector FSVP Rafael Z. Sison, Jr. - Head, Retail Banking Sector
Second row, from left to right: FSVP Jovencio B. Hernandez - Head, Consumer Banking Sector
EVP Renato A. Castillo - Chief Credit Officer & Head
Remedial Management Sector
EVP Anthony Q. Chua - Head, Global Operations Sector
EVP Cynthia V. Javier - Chief Technology Officer & Head
Global Technology Sector
FSVP Ma. Elena S. Sarmiento - Trust Officer & Head, Trust Banking Group
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 25
Front row, from left to right: Third row, from left to right:
SVP Carmela A. Pama - Chief Risk Officer & Head, Risk Management Group FSVP Alvin C. Go - Chief Legal Counsel & Head, Legal Group
FSVP Cris S. Cabalatungan - Head, Internal Audit Group Rommel R. Garcia - President, PNB Remittance Center Inc.
Second row, from left to right: & Sector Head, North American Region
SVP Christian Jerome O. Dobles - Head, Asset Management Sector
SVP Maria Paz D. Lim - Treasurer
FSVP Isabelita Manalastas-Watanabe - Head, International Banking & Overseas
Remittance Sector (Europe, Israel & African Continent)
FSVP Edgardo T. Nallas - Head, Human Resource Group
26 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
The management of Philippine National Bank and Subsidiaries (the Group) and of Philippine National Bank (the Parent Company) is responsible for
all information and representations contained in the consolidated financial statements of the Group and the Parent Company financial statements
which comprise the balance sheets as at December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the statements of income, statements of changes in equity and
statements of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007. These financial statements have been prepared
in accordance with Philippine Financial Reporting Standards, except for the deferral of losses on sale of nonperforming assets (NPAs) to special
purpose vehicles (SPVs) in 2004, 2005 and 2006, non-recognition of allowance for impairment losses as of December 31, 2006 on loans sold to
SPV in 2007 and the non-consolidation of the SPV that acquired the NPAs sold in 2006 and 2007 as allowed under the regulations issued by the
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas for banks and financial institutions availing of the provisions of Republic Act No. 9182, The Special Purpose Vehicle Act
of 2002, and reflect amounts that are based on the best estimates and informed judgment of management with an appropriate consideration to
materiality.
In this regard, the management maintains a system of accounting and reporting which provides for the necessary internal controls to ensure that
transactions are properly authorized and recorded, assets are safeguarded against unauthorized use or disposition and liabilities are recognized. The
management likewise discloses to the Group’s and Parent Company’s audit committee and to its external auditors: (i) all significant deficiencies in
the design or operation of internal controls that could adversely affect its ability to record, process, and report financial data; (ii) material weaknesses
in the internal controls; and (iii) any fraud that involves management or other employees who exercise significant roles in internal controls.
The Board of Directors reviews the aforementioned financial statements before such statements are approved and submitted to the stockholders.
SyCip, Gorres, Velayo and Co., the independent auditors appointed by the stockholders, have audited the financial statements of the Group
and the Parent Company in accordance with Philippine Standards on Auditing and expressed their opinion on the fairness of presentation upon
completion of such audit, in their report to the Board of Directors and stockholders.
FLORENCIA G. TARRIELA OMAR BYRON T. MIER
Chairman of the Board President & Chief Executive Officer
CARMEN G. HUANG
Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
SUBSCRIBED AND SWORN to before me this 14 day of April 2008 affiants exhibiting to me their Community Tax Certificates, as follows:
Notary Public
Doc. No. 73
Page No. 16
Book No. 1
Series of 2008
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 35
We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Philippine National Bank and Subsidiaries (the Group) and the parent company
financial statements of Philippine National Bank (the Parent Company), which comprise the balance sheets as at December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the
statements of income, statements of changes in equity and statements of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007,
and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory notes.
Auditors’ Responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with Philippine
Standards on Auditing. Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance
whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.
An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected
depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error.
In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the Group’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements
in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the
Group’s internal controls. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Opinion
As discussed in Notes 9 and 10 to the financial statements, to take advantage of incentives under Republic Act (RA) No. 9182, The Special Purpose Vehicle
Act of 2002, and at the same time improve its chances of recovering from its non-performing assets (NPA), the Parent Company sold certain NPA to special
purpose vehicle (SPV) companies. In accordance with regulatory accounting policies prescribed by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) for banks and
financial institutions availing of the provisions of RA No. 9182, losses amounting to P1.9 billion in 2006, P4.3 billion in 2005 and P1.1 billion in 2004 from
the sale of the NPA to the SPV companies, representing the allowance for impairment losses specifically provided for the NPA but released to cover other
impairment losses of the Parent Company, were deferred and are being amortized over a ten-year period.
Also, as discussed in Note 9, the required additional allowance as of December 31, 2006 on the NPA sold in 2007 amounting to P1.3 billion was not
recognized by the Parent Company since it deferred the loss on such sale as allowed by BSP. Had the impairment losses been charged against operations
as required by PFRS, deferred charges and equity would have been decreased by P7.7 billion as of December 31, 2007 and deferred charges and equity
would have been decreased by P6.9 billion and P8.2 billion, respectively, and allowance for credit losses would have been increased by P1.3 billion as
of December 31, 2006, and the 2006 net income would have been decreased by P3.2 billion and 2005 net income would have been increased by
P124.8 million.
The sale of the NPA to the SPV in 2007 and 2006 is considered as a true sale under RA No. 9182 which qualified for derecognition under BSP regulatory
reporting rules. However, PFRS requires that the accounts of the SPV that acquired the NPA of the Parent Company in 2007 and 2006 should be
consolidated into the Group’s accounts. Had the accounts of the SPV been consolidated into the Group’s accounts, total assets and liabilities would
have been increased by P2.0 billion and P1.9 billion, respectively, and minority interest in equity of consolidated entities would have been increased by
P28.8 million as of December 31, 2007. As of December 31, 2006, total assets and minority interest in equity of consolidated subsidiaries would have
been increased by P30.0 million.
In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Group and of the Parent Company as of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, and their financial performance and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007 in
accordance with Philippine Financial Reporting Standards, except for the effects on the 2007 balance sheet, 2006 financial statements and 2005 statement
of income of not recognizing the losses on the NPA sold to SPV companies as discussed in the sixth and seventh paragraphs and the effects in the 2007 and
2006 consolidated financial statements of not consolidating the accounts of the SPV as discussed in the eighth paragraph.
Wilson P. Tan
Partner
CPA Certificate No. 76737
SEC Accreditation No. 0100-AR-1
Tax Identification No. 102-098-469
PTR No. 0017630, January 3, 2008, Makati City
BALANCE SHEETS
(In Thousand Pesos)
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In Thousand Pesos, Except Earnings Per Share Amounts)
STATEMENTS
(In Thousand Pesos)
OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
Parent Company
Revaluation Net
Capital Paid Surplus Increment Unrealized
Capital Stock in Excess of Reserves Deficit on Land and Gain on AFS
(Notes 2 Par Value (Notes 2 (Notes 2, Buildings Investments Total
and 22 ) (Note 2 ) and 27 ) 3 and 9 ) (Notes 2 and 12 ) (Note 11 ) Equity
Balance at January 1, 2007 P22,929,837 P545,745 P512,204 (P3,980,989 ) P2,471,113 P786,661 P23,264,571
Issuance of new common shares 3,560,000 1,691,000 – – – – 5,251,000
Transaction costs related to
issuance of common shares – (199,473 ) – – – – (199,473 )
Unrealized gain recognized
directly in equity – – – – – 1,013,505 1,013,505
Amounts realized in profit or loss – – – – – (1,031,780 ) (1,031,780 )
Amortization of deferred losses (Note 9) – – – (413,913 ) – – (413,913 )
Total income and expenses
recognized directly in equity – – – (413,913 ) – (18,275 ) (432,188 )
Net income for the year – – – 1,335,111 – – 1,335,111
Total income and expenses for the year – – – 921,198 – (18,275 ) 902,923
Transfer to surplus reserves (Note 27) – – 19,932 (19,932 ) – – –
Balance at December 31, 2007 P26,489,837 P2,037,272 P532,136 (P3,079,723 ) P2,471,113 P768,386 P29,219,021
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK AND SUBSIDIARIES
STATEMENTS
(In Thousand Pesos)
OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
Parent Company
Revaluation Net
Capital Paid Surplus Increment Unrealized
Capital Stock in Excess of Reserves Deficit on Land and Gain on AFS
(Notes 2 Par Value (Notes 2 (Notes 2, Buildings Investments Total
and 22 ) (Note 2 ) and 27 ) 3 and 9 ) (Notes 2 and 12 ) (Note 11 ) Equity
Balance at January 1, 2006 P22,929,837 P545,745 P495,118 (P4,926,731 ) P1,480,301 P770,608 P21,294,878
Net movement in unrealized
gain on AFS investments – – – – – 1,040,529 1,040,529
Amounts realized in profit or loss – – – – – (1,024,476 ) (1,024,476 )
Amortization of deferred losses (Note 9) – – – (267,942 ) – – (267,942 )
Reversal of other deferred credits
and unrealized profit on
assets sold (Note 9) – – – 524,989 – – 524,989
Addition to revaluation increment – – – – 990,812 – 990,812
Total income and expenses
recognized directly in equity – – – 257,047 990,812 16,053 1,263,912
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS
Balance at December 31, 2006 P22,929,837 P545,745 P512,204 (P3,980,989 ) P2,471,113 P786,661 P23,264,571
40
STATEMENTS
(In Thousand Pesos)
OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
Parent Company
Revaluation Net
Capital Paid Surplus Increment Unrealized
Capital in Excess of Reserves Deficit on Land and Gain (Loss) on
Stock Par Value (Notes 2 (Notes 2, Buildings AFS Investments Total
(Notes 2 and 22 ) (Note 2 ) and 27 ) 3 and 9 ) (Notes 2 and 12 ) (Note 11 ) Equity
Balance at January 1, 2005 P22,929,837 P545,745 P481,694 (P3,241,950 ) P1,439,328 (P118,967 ) P22,035,687
Net movement in unrealized
gain on AFS investments – – – – – 889,575 889,575
Net addition to revaluation increment – – – – 40,973 – 40,973
Valuation loss on SPV
subordinated notes (Note 9) – – – (1,868,299 ) – – (1,868,299 )
Amortization of deferred losses (Note 9) – – – (54,036 ) – – (54,036 )
Total income and expenses
recognized directly in equity – – – (1,922,335 ) 40,973 889,575 (991,787 )
Net income for the year – – – 250,978 – – 250,978
Total income and expenses for the year – – – (1,671,351 ) 40,973 889,575 (740,809 )
Transfer to surplus reserves (Note 27) – – 13,424 (13,424 ) – – –
Balance at December 31, 2005 P22,929,837 P545,745 P495,118 (P4,926,731 ) P1,480,301 P770,608 P21,294,878
1. Corporate Information
Philippine National Bank (the Parent Company) was established in 1916 and started commercial operations that same year. Its principal place
of business is at PNB Financial Center, President Diosdado Macapagal Boulevard, Pasay City. In August 2007, the Parent Company completed
its Tier 1 follow-on equity offering where it raised P5.1 billion in Tier 1 capital, net of issuance cost of P199.5 million. Together with the sale
of 89 million primary shares, the 71.8 million secondary shares owned by the National Government (NG) thru Philippine Deposit Insurance
Corporation (PDIC) and Department of Finance (DOF) were sold to the public and thus paving for a complete exit of the NG from the Parent
Company. As of December 31, 2007, the companies and persons affiliated/associated with the Lucio Tan Group (LTG) remain the majority
shareholder of the Parent Company at 69.87% and the remaining 30.13% is held by the public. As of December 31, 2006, the Parent
Company’s shares were held 77.43% by the companies and persons affiliated/associated with the LTG, 12.53% by the NG and the remaining
10.04% by the public.
The Parent Company provides a full range of banking and other financial services to corporate, middle-market and retail customers, the NG,
local government units (LGUs) and government-owned and controlled corporations (GOCCs) and various government agencies. The Parent
Company’s principal commercial banking activities include deposit-taking, lending, bills discounting, foreign exchange dealing, investment
banking, fund transfers/remittance servicing and a full range of retail banking and trust services through its 324 domestic and 32 overseas
branches and offices in 2007 and 324 domestic and 33 overseas branches and offices in 2006. The Parent Company’s international subsidiaries
have a network of 73 and 69 offices in 2007 and 2006, respectively, in key cities of the United States of America (USA), Canada, Western
Europe, Middle East and Asia.
The subsidiaries are engaged in a number of diversified financial and related businesses such as remittance and cargo servicing, non-life
insurance, merchant banking, leasing, stock brokerage, foreign exchange trading and/or related services while an associate is engaged in the
life-insurance business.
The accompanying financial statements of the Parent Company and its subsidiaries (the Group) and of the Parent Company were authorized
for issue by the Parent Company’s board of directors (BOD) on March 28, 2008.
The Parent Company previously operated under a rehabilitation program pursuant to the Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) signed by the
Republic of the Philippines, the PDIC and the LTG on May 3, 2002.
The Parent Company instituted a capital reduction exercise as of December 31, 2001, reducing the par value of its common shares from
P60 per share to P40 per share, resulting in a total capital reduction of P7.6 billion. This resulted in a decrease in the authorized capital
stock of the Parent Company from P50.0 billion divided into 833,333,334 common shares to P33.3 billion divided into 833,333,334
common shares. The reduction in par value and the amendment to the articles of incorporation of the Parent Company were approved
by the BOD of the Parent Company on May 17, 2002 and by the Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on July 23, 2002.
i. On May 16, 2002, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) approved the following: (a) booking of an appraisal increment of
P431.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2001 on properties and recognition of the same for the purpose of determiningthe
Parent Company’s capital adequacy ratio; and (b) booking of translation adjustment of P1.6 billion for the year ended December
31, 2001 representing the increase in peso value of the Parent Company’s investment in foreign subsidiaries, for the purpose of
the Rehabilitation Plan and as an exception to existing BSP regulations, provided that the same should be excluded for dividend
distribution purposes.
ii. The translation adjustment of P1.6 billion was applied to eliminate the Parent Company’s remaining deficit of P1.3 billion as of
December 31, 2001, after applying the total reduction in par value amounting to P7.6 billion as a result of the capital reduction
exercise. This corporate act was approved by the SEC on November 7, 2002, subject to the following conditions: (a) the remaining
translation adjustment of P310.7 million as of December 31, 2001 (shown in the balance sheet as part of Capital paid in excess of par
value) would not, without the prior approval of the SEC, be used for or applied towards any provisions for losses that may be incurred
in the future; and (b) for purposes of declaration of dividends, any future surplus account of the Parent Company should be restricted
to the extent of the deficit wiped out by the translation adjustment.
The foregoing capital restructuring measures were aimed at reducing the deficit in the equity of the Parent Company which amounted
to P8.9 billion as of December 31, 2001.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 43
The Parent Company’s deficit before and after the quasi-reorganization follows (in thousand pesos):
In 2002, convertible preferred shares were issued to the PDIC as payment for the P7.8 billion borrowed by the Parent Company from the
PDIC. This increased (i) the authorized capital stock of the Parent Company to P50.0 billion consisting of 1,054,824,557 common shares
with a par value of P40 each and 195,175,444 convertible preferred shares with a par value of P40 each and (ii) the issued capital stock of
the Parent Company to P22.9 billion consisting of 378,070,472 common shares with a par value of P40 each and 195,175,444 convertible
preferred shares with a par value of P40 each.
On July 30, 2002, the Parent Company and the PDIC signed an agreement whereby the Parent Company transferred and conveyed by
way of “dacion en pago”, or payment in kind, its rights and interests to the loans of the NG, certain LGUs, certain GOCCs and various
government agencies and certain debt securities issued by various government entities (the Government accounts), to the PDIC. The
“dacion en pago” arrangement reduced the Parent Company’s outstanding obligations arising from the financial assistance given to the
Parent Company by the BSP and the PDIC. The accrual of interest incurred by the Parent Company on the government accounts and on
the P10.0 billion payable to the PDIC ceased on October 1, 2001.
After the completion of the corporate actions and rehabilitation set out above (especially, the conversion of debt to equity and the “dacion
en pago” arrangement), the balance of the Parent Company’s outstanding obligations to the PDIC was P6.1 billion as of December 31, 2002.
This balance was restructured into a term loan of 10 years, with interest payable at 91-day treasury bill (T-bill) rate plus 1.00% (see Note 18).
On June 19, 2007, the Parent Company fully paid the PDIC loan of P6.1 billion.
In line with the rehabilitation program of the Parent Company as approved under Monetary Board (MB) Resolution No. 626 dated
April 30, 2003, the Parent Company and the BSP entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on September 16, 2003. Pursuant
to the MOU, the Parent Company should comply to the full extent of its capability, with the following directives of MB Resolution No. 649,
among others:
In May 2007, the Parent Company’s rehabilitation program ended and the MOU with the BSP has expired. As agreed with BSP, the Parent
Company’s BOD will implement the following:
(1) a Tier 1 capital restoration plan which should call for a short-term capital injection within one year and a second capital injection, if
necessary, within three to five years;
(2) a plan to strengthen the quantity and quality of supervision by the BOD which include, at a minimum, actions to be taken to strengthen
the functions of the Corporate Governance Committee, establish an effective internal audit function and an effective compliance system;
and
(3) a plan to improve the Parent Company’s operation and strengthen the risk management process and a new Financial Plan which will cover,
at a minimum, a plan to return the Parent Company to financial health, establishment of an effective system of ROPA administration,
improvement in risk management processes, Information Technology Group and Trust Banking Group function.
As discussed in Notes 1 and 22, the Parent Company completed its Tier 1 follow-on equity offering in August 2007 raising about P5.3 billion
in Tier 1 capital.
44 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Basis of Preparation
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for financial assets at fair value through profit or
loss (FVPL) including derivative financial instruments, available-for-sale (AFS) investments, land and building that have been measured at fair
value. The financial statements are presented in Philippine pesos, the Parent Company’s functional and presentation currency, and all values
are rounded to the nearest thousand pesos (P000) except when otherwise indicated.
The financial statements of the Parent Company reflect the accounts maintained in the Regular Banking Unit (RBU) and Foreign Currency
Deposit Unit (FCDU). For financial reporting purposes, FCDU accounts and foreign currency-denominated accounts in the RBU are translated
into their equivalents in Philippine pesos (see policy on Foreign Currency Translation). The financial statements individually prepared for these
units are combined and inter-unit accounts are eliminated.
Statement of Compliance
The financial statements of the Group and the Parent Company have been prepared in compliance with Philippine Financial Reporting Standards
(PFRS), except for the deferral of losses on sale of nonperforming assets (NPAs) to special purpose vehicles (SPVs) as discussed in Note 9, non-
recognition of allowance for impairment losses as of December 31, 2006 on loans sold to SPV in 2007 and the non-consolidation of the SPV
that acquired the NPAs sold in 2007 and 2006 as discussed in Note 10 as allowed by the regulatory accounting policies prescribed by the BSP
for banks and financial institutions availing of the provisions of Republic Act (RA) No. 9182, The Special Purpose Vehicle Act of 2002.
Basis of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Parent Company and the following wholly owned and majority
owned subsidiaries:
Effective
Country of Percentage
Subsidiary Industry Incorporation of Ownership
PNB Capital and Investment Corporation (PNB Capital) Financial Markets Philippines 100.00
PNB Forex, Inc. - do - - do - 100.00
PNB Holdings Corporation (PNB Holdings) - do - - do - 100.00
PNB Securities, Inc. (PNB Securities) Securities Brokerage - do - 100.00
PNB Corporation - Guam Financial Markets Guam 100.00
PNB International Investments Corporation (PNBIIC) - do - USA 100.00
PNB Europe PLC - do - United Kingdom 100.00
PNB International Finance Limited (PNB IFL) - do - Hong Kong 100.00
PNB Global Filipino Remittance Spain (PNB GFRS) - do - Spain 100.00
PNB Austria Financial Services GmbH (PNB Austria) - do - Austria 100.00
PNB Italy SpA - do - Italy 100.00
PNB Remittance Center, Ltd. Services Hong Kong 100.00
Tanzanite Investments (SPV-AMC), Inc. Others Philippines 100.00
Tau Portfolio Investments (SPV-AMC), Inc. - do - - do - 100.00
Omicron Asset Portfolio (SPV-AMC), Inc. - do - - do - 100.00
Japan - PNB Leasing and Finance Corporation (Japan-PNB Leasing) Financial Markets - do - 60.00
The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting period as the Parent Company using consistent accounting
policies. All significant intra-group balances, transactions, income and expenses and profits and losses resulting from intra-group transactions
are eliminated in full in the consolidation.
Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. Control is achieved where the Group has the
power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. Consolidation of subsidiaries ceases
when control is transferred out of the Group or Parent Company. The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the period are
included in the consolidated statement of income from the date of acquisition or up to the date of disposal, as appropriate.
In 2006, the Parent Company sold Opal Portfolio Investments (SPV-AMC), Inc. (OPII) and certain NPAs to Golden Dragon Star Equities, Inc. under
a transaction that qualified, and was approved by the BSP, as a legal true sale (see Note 10). OPII holds the NPA sold by the Parent Company.
Under Standing Interpretations Committee (SIC) No. 12, Consolidation of Special Purpose Entity, the consolidated financial statements should
include the accounts of OPII. However, the accounts of OPII were not consolidated into the accompanying financial statements as of and for
the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 45
Minority Interests
Minority interests represent the portion of profit or loss and the net assets not held by the Group and are presented separately in the
consolidated statement of income and within equity in the consolidated balance sheet, separately from equity attributable to the Parent
Company. Acquisitions of minority interests are accounted for using the entity concept method, whereby the difference between the
consideration and the book value of the share of the net assets acquired is recognized as an equity transaction.
The Group has adopted the following PFRS and Philippine Interpretation which became effective beginning January 1, 2007.
PFRS 7, Financial Instruments: Disclosures, and complementary amendment to Philippine Accounting Standard (PAS) 1, Presentation of Financial
Statements: Capital Disclosures
PFRS 7 introduces new disclosures to improve the information about financial instruments. It requires the disclosure of qualitative and
quantitative information about exposure to risks arising from financial instruments, including specified minimum disclosures about credit risk,
liquidity risk and market risk, as well as sensitivity analysis to market risk. It replaces PAS 30, Disclosures in the Financial Statements of Banks
and Similar Financial Institutions, and the disclosure requirements in PAS 32, Financial Instruments: Disclosure and Presentation. It is applicable to
all entities that report under PFRS. Adoption of this standard resulted in the inclusion of additional disclosures such as market risk, sensitivity
analysis, contractual maturity analysis of financial liabilities for liquidity risk and aging analysis on financial assets that are either past due or
impaired. The amendment to PAS 1 introduces disclosures about the level of an entity’s capital and how it manages capital. The required new
disclosures are reflected in the financial statements of the Group, where applicable.
In December 2007, the Financial Reporting Standards Council has approved an amendment to the transition provision of PFRS 7 that gives
transitional relief with respect to the presentation of comparative information for the new risk disclosures about the nature and extent of
risks arising from financial instruments under paragraphs 31 to 42 of PFRS 7. In relation to such relief, the Group is allowed not to present
comparative information for the new risk disclosures under paragraphs 31 to 42 of PFRS 7 unless the disclosure was previously required under
PAS 30 or PAS 32.
Group companies
As at the reporting date, the assets and liabilities of overseas subsidiaries are translated into the Parent Company’s presentation currency (the
Philippine peso) at the rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date, and their income and expenses are translated at the weighted average
exchange rates for the year. Exchange differences arising on translation are taken directly to a separate component of equity in the consolidated
balance sheet. On disposal of a foreign entity, the deferred cumulative amount recognized in equity relating to the particular foreign operation
is recognized in the consolidated statement of income.
46 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
For all other financial instruments not listed in an active market, the fair value is determined by using appropriate valuation methodologies.
Valuation methodologies include net present value techniques, comparison to similar instruments for which market observable prices exist,
option pricing models, and other relevant valuation models.
‘Day 1’ profit
Where the transaction price in a non-active market is different to the fair value from other observable current market transactions in the same
instrument or based on a valuation technique whose variables include only data from observable market, the Group recognizes the difference
between the transaction price and fair value (a ‘Day 1’ profit) in the statement of income in ‘Trading and investment securities gains - net’. In
cases where data is not observable, the difference between the transaction price and model value is only recognized in the statement of income
when the inputs become observable or when the instrument is derecognized. For each transaction, the Group determines the appropriate
method of recognizing the ‘Day 1’ profit amount.
For the purpose of hedge accounting, hedges are classified primarily as either: a) a hedge of the fair value of an asset, liability or a firm
commitment (fair value hedge); or b) a hedge of the exposure to variability in cash flows attributable to an asset or liability or a forecasted
transaction (cash flow hedge). In 2007 and 2006, the Group did not apply hedge accounting treatment for its derivatives transactions.
The Group has certain derivatives that are embedded in host financial (such as structured notes, debt investments, and loan receivables) and
non-financial (such as purchase orders and service agreements) contracts. These embedded derivatives include credit default swaps (which
are linked either to a single reference entity or a basket of reference entities; conversion options in loans receivable; call options in certain
long-term debt, and foreign-currency derivatives in debt instruments, purchase orders and service agreements. Embedded derivatives are
bifurcated from their host contracts and carried at fair value with fair value changes being reported through profit or loss, when the entire
hybrid contracts (composed of both the host contract and the embedded derivative) are not accounted for as financial assets at FVPL, and when
their economic risks and characteristics are not closely related to those of their respective host contracts, and when a separate instrument with
the same terms as the embedded derivative would meet the definition of a derivative. The Group assesses whether embedded derivatives
are required to be separated from the host contracts when the Group first becomes a party to the contract. Reassessment of embedded
derivatives is only done when there are changes in the contract that significantly modifies the contractual cash flows.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 47
Included in this classification are debt and equity securities which have been acquired principally for the purpose of selling or repurchasing in
the near term.
• The designation eliminates or significantly reduces the inconsistent treatment that would otherwise arise from measuring the assets or
liabilities or recognizing gains or losses on them on a different basis; or
• The assets and liabilities are part of a group of financial assets, financial liabilities or both which are managed and their performance
evaluated on a fair value basis, in accordance with a documented risk management or investment strategy; or
• The financial instrument contains an embedded derivative, unless the embedded derivative does not significantly modify the cash flows
or it is clear, with little or no analysis, that it would not be separately recorded.
Designated financial assets and financial liabilities at FVPL are recorded in the balance sheet at fair value. Changes in fair value are recorded in
‘Trading and investment securities gains - net’. Interest earned or incurred is recorded in interest income or expense, respectively, while dividend
income is recorded in ‘Miscellaneous income’ according to the terms of the contract, or when the right of payment has been established.
HTM investments
HTM investments are quoted non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturities for which the Group’s
management has the positive intention and ability to hold to maturity. Where the Group sells other than an insignificant amount of HTM
investments, the entire category would be tainted and reclassified as AFS investments. After initial measurement, these HTM investments are
subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less impairment in value. Amortized cost is calculated by taking
into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees that are an integral part of the effective interest rate. The amortization is included
in ‘Interest income’ in the statement of income. Gains and losses are recognized in income when the HTM investments are derecognized and
impaired, as well as through the amortization process. The losses arising from impairment of such investments are recognized in the statement
of income under ‘Provision for impairment and credit losses’. The effects of restatement on foreign currency-denominated HTM investments
are recognized in the statement of income.
Loans and receivables, amounts due from BSP and other banks, and interbank loans receivable
Classified as loans and receivables are ‘Due from BSP’, ‘Due from other banks’, ‘Interbank loans receivable’, and ‘Loans and receivables’. These
are financial assets with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturities and are not quoted in an active market. They are not entered
into with the intention of immediate or short-term resale and are not classified as Financial assets at FVPL or designated as AFS investments.
Loans and receivables also include receivables arising from transactions on credit cards issued directly by the Parent Company. Furthermore,
‘Loans and receivables’ include the aggregate rental on finance lease transactions. Unearned income on finance lease transactions is shown
as a deduction from ‘Loans and receivables’ (included in ‘Unearned discounts’).
After initial measurement, the ‘Loans and receivables’, ‘Due from BSP’, ‘Due from other banks’ and ‘Interbank loans receivable’ are subsequently
measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less allowance for credit losses. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into
account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees that are an integral part of the effective interest rate. The amortization is included
in the ‘Interest income’ in the statement of income. The losses arising from impairment are recognized in ‘Provision for impairment and credit
losses’ in the statement of income.
AFS investments
AFS investments are those which are designated as such or do not qualify to be classified as ‘Financial assets at FVPL’, ‘HTM investments’ or
‘Loans and receivables’. They are purchased and held indefinitely, and may be sold in response to liquidity requirements or changes in market
conditions. They include debt and equity instruments.
After initial measurement, AFS investments are subsequently measured at fair value. The effective yield component of AFS debt securities,
as well as the impact of restatement on foreign currency-denominated AFS debt securities, is reported as income. The unrealized gains and
losses arising from the fair valuation of AFS investments are excluded, net of tax, from reported income and are reported as ‘Net unrealized
gain on AFS investments’ in the equity section of the balance sheet.
48 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
When the security is disposed of, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in equity is recognized as ‘Trading and investment securities
gains - net’ in the statement of income. Interest earned on holding AFS investments are reported as ‘Interest income’ using the effective
interest rate. Dividends earned on holding AFS investments are recognized in the statement of income as ‘Miscellaneous income’ when the
right of the payment has been established. The losses arising from impairment of such investments are recognized as ‘Provision for impairment
and credit losses’ in the statement of income.
After initial measurement, bills payable and other borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate
method. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on the issue and fees that are an integral part of the
effective interest rate.
• the rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired;
• the Group retains the right to receive cash flows from the asset, but has assumed an obligation to pay them in full without material delay
to a third party under a “pass-through” arrangement; or
• the Group has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset and either (a) has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards
of the asset, or (b) has neither transferred nor retained the risk and rewards of the asset but has transferred control over the asset.
Where the Group has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, and has neither
transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset nor transferred control over the asset, the asset is recognized to the
extent of the Group’s continuing involvement in the asset. Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred
asset is measured at the lower of original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Group could be
required to repay.
Financial liability
A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. Where an existing financial
liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially
modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as a derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability, and the
difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of income.
Conversely, securities purchased under agreements to resell at a specified future date (‘reverse repos’) are not recognized in the balance sheet.
The corresponding cash paid, including accrued interest, is recognized on the balance sheet as ‘Securities held under agreements to resell’,
and is considered a loan to the counterparty. The difference between the purchase price and resale price is treated as interest income and is
accrued over the life of the agreement using the effective interest method.
Loans and receivables, amounts due from BSP and other banks, and interbank loans receivable
For loans and receivables, due from BSP and other banks, and interbank loans receivable carried at amortized cost, the Group first assesses
whether objective evidence of impairment exists individually for financial assets that are individually significant, or collectively for financial
assets that are not individually significant. If the Group determines that no objective evidence of impairment exists for individually assessed
financial asset, whether significant or not, it includes the asset in a group of financial assets with similar credit risk characteristics and collectively
assesses for impairment. Those characteristics are relevant to the estimation of future cash flows for groups of such assets by being indicative
of the debtors’ ability to pay all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the assets being evaluated. Assets that are individually
assessed for impairment and for which an impairment loss is, or continues to be, recognized are not included in a collective assessment for
impairment.
If there is objective evidence that an impairment loss has been incurred, the amount of the loss is measured as the difference between the
asset’s carrying amount and the present value of the estimated future cash flows (excluding future credit losses that have not been incurred).
The carrying amount of the asset is reduced through use of an allowance account and the amount of loss is charged to the statement of
income. Interest income continues to be recognized based on the original effective interest rate of the asset. Loans, together with the
associated allowance accounts, are written off when there is no realistic prospect of future recovery and all collateral has been realized. If
subsequently, the amount of the estimated impairment loss decreases because of an event occurring after the impairment was recognized,
the previously recognized impairment loss is reduced by adjusting the allowance account. If a future write-off is later recovered, any amounts
formerly charged are credited to the ‘Provision for impairment and credit losses’ account.
The present value of the estimated future cash flows is discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate. If a loan has a variable
interest rate, the discount rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current effective interest rate, adjusted for the original credit risk
premium. The calculation of the present value of the estimated future cash flows of a collateralized financial asset reflects the cash flows that
may result from foreclosure less costs for obtaining and selling the collateral, whether or not foreclosure is probable.
For the purpose of a collective evaluation of impairment, financial assets are grouped on the basis of such credit risk characteristics as industry,
collateral type, past-due status and term. Future cash flows in a group of financial assets that are collectively evaluated for impairment are
estimated on the basis of historical loss experience for assets with credit risk characteristics similar to those in the Group. Historical loss
experience is adjusted on the basis of current observable data to reflect the effects of current conditions that did not affect the year on which
the historical loss experience is based and to remove the effects of conditions in the historical year that do not exist currently. Estimates of
changes in future cash flows reflect, and are directionally consistent with changes in related observable data from year to year (such changes
in property prices, payment status, or other factors that are indicative of incurred losses in the Group and their magnitude). The methodology
and assumptions used for estimating future cash flows are reviewed regularly by the Group to reduce any differences between loss estimates
and actual loss experience.
Restructured loans
Where possible, the Group seeks to restructure loans rather than to take possession of collateral. This may involve extending the payment
arrangements and the agreement of new loan conditions. Once the terms have been renegotiated, the loan is no longer considered past
due. Management continuously reviews restructured loans to ensure that all criteria are met and that future payments are likely to occur. The
loans continue to be subject to an individual or collective impairment assessment, calculated using the loan’s original effective interest rate.
The difference between the recorded value of the original loan and the present value of the restructured cash flows, discounted at the original
effective interest rate, is recognized in ‘Provision for impairment and credit losses’ in the statement of income.
AFS investments
For AFS investments, the Group assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or group of
financial assets is impaired.
In case of equity investments classified as AFS investments, this would include a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the
investments below its cost. Where there is evidence of impairment, the cumulative loss - measured as the difference between the acquisition
cost and the current fair value, less any impairment loss on that financial asset previously recognized in the statement of income - is removed
from equity and recognized in the statement of income. Impairment losses on equity investments are not reversed through the statement of
income. Increases in fair value after impairment are recognized directly in equity.
In the case of debt instruments classified as AFS investments, impairment is assessed based on the same criteria as financial assets carried
at amortized cost. Interest continues to be accrued at the original effective interest rate on the reduced carrying amount of the asset and is
recorded as part of ‘Interest income’ in the statement of income. If subsequently, the fair value of a debt instrument increased and the increase
can be objectively related to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized in the statement of income, the impairment loss is
reversed through the statement of income.
50 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
HTM investments
For HTM investments, the Group assesses whether there is objective evidence of impairment. If there is objective evidence that an impairment
loss has been incurred, the amount of the loss is measured as the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of
estimated future cash flows (excluding future expected credit losses that have not yet been incurred). The carrying amount of the asset is
reduced through use of an allowance account and the amount of loss is charged against the statement of income. Interest income continues
to be recognized based on the original effective interest rate of the asset.
If subsequently, the amount of the estimated impairment loss decreases because of an event occurring after the impairment was recognized,
any amount formerly charged are credited to the ‘Provision for impairment and credit losses’ in the statement of income and the allowance
account reduced. The HTM investments, together with the associated allowance accounts, are written off when there is no realistic prospect
of future recovery and all collateral has been realized.
Financial Guarantees
In the ordinary course of business, the Group gives financial guarantees consisting of letters of credit, letters of guarantees, and acceptances.
Financial guarantees are initially recognized in the financial statements at fair value under ‘Other liabilities’. Subsequent to initial recognition,
the Group’s liabilities under such guarantees are each measured at the higher of the initial fair value less, when appropriate, cumulative
amortization calculated to recognize the fee in the statement of income in ‘Service fees and commission income’, over the term of the
guarantee, and the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle any financial obligation arising as a result of the guarantee.
Any increase in the liability relating to financial guarantees is taken to the statement of income in ‘Provision for impairment and credit losses’.
Any financial guarantee liability remaining is recognized in the statement of income in ‘Service fees and commission income’, when the
guarantee is discharged, cancelled or expires.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that economic benefits will flow to the Group and the revenue can be reliably measured.
The following specific recognition criteria must also be met before revenue is recognized:
Interest income
For all financial instruments measured at amortized cost and interest bearing financial instruments classified as AFS investments, interest
income is recorded at the effective interest rate, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts through the
expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the net carrying amount of the financial asset or financial
liability. The calculation takes into account all contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment options), includes any
fees or incremental costs that are directly attributable to the instrument and are an integral part of the effective interest rate, but not future
credit losses. The adjusted carrying amount is calculated based on the original effective interest rate. The change in carrying amount is
recorded as interest income.
Once the recorded value of a financial asset or group of similar financial assets has been reduced due to an impairment loss, interest income
continues to be recognized using the original effective interest rate applied to the new carrying amount.
a) Fee income earned from services that are provided over a certain period of time
Fees earned for the provision of services over a period of time are accrued over that period. These fees include investment fund fees,
custodian fees, fiduciary fees, commission income, credit related fees, asset management fees, portfolio and other management fees, and
advisory fees. However, loan commitment fees for loans that are likely to be drawn down are deferred (together with any incremental
costs) and recognized as an adjustment to the effective interest rate on the loan.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 51
Dividend income
Dividend income is recognized when the Group’s right to receive payment is established.
Rental income
Rental income arising on leased properties is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease terms on ongoing leases and is recorded in
the statement of income under ‘Miscellaneous income’.
Purchases by the credit cardholders, collectible on installment basis, are recorded at the cost of the items purchased plus certain percentage
of cost. The excess over cost is credited to ‘Unearned discounts’ account and is shown as a deduction from ‘Loans and receivables’ in the
consolidated balance sheet. The unearned discount is taken up to income over the installment terms and is computed using the effective
interest method.
Interest and finance fees on finance leases and loans and receivables financed with long-term maturities and the excess of the aggregate lease
rentals plus the estimated terminal value of the leased equipment over its cost are credited to unearned discounts and amortized over the term
of the note or lease using the effective interest method.
Other Income
Income from sale of services is recognized upon rendition of the service. Income from sale of properties is recognized upon completion of the
earning process and the collectibility of the sales price is reasonably assured.
Investment in an associate
Associate pertains to an entity over which the Group has significant influence but not control, generally accompanying a shareholding of
between 20.00% and 50.00% of the voting rights. In the consolidated financial statements, investment in an associate is accounted for under
the equity method of accounting.
52 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Under the equity method, investment in an associate is carried in the balance sheet at cost plus post-acquisition changes in the Group’s share of
the net assets of the associate. The Group’s share of its associates’ post-acquisition profits or losses is recognized in the statement of income,
and its share of post-acquisition movements in the associates’ equity reserves is recognized directly in equity. When the Group’s share of losses
in an associate equals or exceeds its interest in the associate, including any other unsecured receivables, the Group does not recognize further
losses, unless it has incurred obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate.
In the Parent Company financial statements, investments in subsidiaries and an associate are carried at cost, less any impairment in value. Cost
represents the carrying value of the investments as at the quasi-reorganization date of the Parent Company as discussed in Note 2, reduced by
dividends subsequently received from the investees.
Land is stated at appraised values less any impairment in value while buildings are stated at appraised value less accumulated depreciation and
any impairment in value. The appraised values were determined by professionally qualified, independent appraisers in 2006. The revaluation
increment resulting from revaluation is credited to the ‘Revaluation increment on land and buildings’ under equity, net of applicable deferred
income tax.
The initial cost of property and equipment consists of its purchase price, including import duties, taxes and any directly attributable costs of
bringing the asset to its working condition and location for its intended use. Expenditures incurred after items of property and equipment have
been put into operation, such as repairs and maintenance are normally charged against operations in the year in which the costs are incurred.
In situations where it can be clearly demonstrated that the expenditures have resulted in an increase in the future economic benefits expected
to be obtained from the use of an item of property and equipment beyond its originally assessed standard of performance, the expenditures
are capitalized as an additional cost of property and equipment.
Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Leasehold improvements are
amortized over the shorter of the terms of the covering leases and the estimated useful lives of the improvements.
The useful life and the depreciation and amortization method are reviewed periodically to ensure that the period and the method of depreciation
and amortization are consistent with the expected pattern of economic benefits from items of property and equipment.
An item of property and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal.
Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount
of the asset) is included in the statement of income in the year the asset is derecognized.
Investment Properties
Investment properties are measured initially at cost, including transaction costs. An investment property acquired through an exchange
transaction is measured at fair value of the asset acquired unless the fair value of such an asset cannot be measured in which case the
investment property acquired is measured at the carrying amount of asset given up. Foreclosed properties are classified under ‘Investment
properties’ from foreclosure date.
Subsequent to initial recognition, depreciable investment properties are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment in
value.
Investment properties are derecognized when they have either been disposed of or when the investment property is permanently withdrawn
from use and no future benefit is expected from its disposal. Any gains or losses on the retirement or disposal of an investment property are
recognized in the statement of income under ‘Miscellaneous income’ in the year of retirement or disposal.
Expenditures incurred after the investment properties have been put into operations, such as repairs and maintenance costs, are normally
charged to income in the year in which the costs are incurred.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 53
Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis using the remaining useful lives from the time of acquisition of the depreciable investment
properties ranging from 25 to 50 years.
Transfers are made to investment properties when, and only when, there is a change in use evidenced by ending of owner occupation,
commencement of an operating lease to another party or ending of construction or development. Transfers are made from investment
properties when, and only when, there is a change in use evidenced by commencement of owner occupation or commencement of development
with a view to sale.
Intangible Assets
Exchange trading right
The exchange trading right, included in ‘Other assets’, was acquired, together with Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) shares, in exchange for the
exchange membership seat under the conversion program of the PSE. The exchange trading right is carried at the amount allocated from the
original cost of the exchange membership seat (after a corresponding allocation for the value of the PSE shares) less allowance for impairment
losses, if any. The Group does not intend to sell the exchange trading right in the near future.
The exchange trading right is deemed to have an indefinite useful life as there is no foreseeable limit to the period over which the asset is
expected to generate net cash inflows for the Group. It is tested annually for any impairment in realizable value. Any impairment loss is charged
directly to the statement of income (see accounting policy on Impairment of Nonfinancial Assets).
Software costs
Software costs are capitalized on the basis of the cost incurred to acquire and bring to use the specific software. These costs are amortized
over five years on a straight-line basis.
Costs associated with maintaining the computer software programs are recognized as expense when incurred.
An impairment loss is charged to operations in the period in which it arises, unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the
impairment loss is charged to the revaluation increment of the said asset.
An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no
longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the recoverable amount is estimated. A previously recognized impairment loss is
reversed only if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was
recognized. If that is the case, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to its recoverable amount. That increased amount cannot exceed
the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation and amortization, had no impairment loss been recognized for the
asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognized in the statement of income unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the
reversal is treated as a revaluation increase. After such a reversal, the depreciation and amortization expense is adjusted in future period to
allocate the asset’s revised carrying amount, less any residual value, on a systematic basis over its remaining life.
Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually as of December 31 either individually or at the cash generating
unit level, as appropriate.
Leases
The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement and requires an assessment
of whether the fulfillment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use
the asset. A reassessment is made after inception of the lease only if one of the following applies:
(a) There is a change in contractual terms, other than a renewal or extension of the arrangement;
(b) A renewal option is exercised or extension granted, unless that term of the renewal or extension was initially included in the lease term;
(c) There is a change in the determination of whether fulfillment is dependent on a specified asset; or
(d) There is a substantial change to the asset.
54 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Where a reassessment is made, lease accounting shall commence or cease from the date when the change in circumstances gave rise to the
reassessment for scenarios (a), (c) or (d) above, and at the date of renewal or extension period for scenario (b).
Group as lessee
Finance leases, which transfer to the Group substantially all the risks and benefits incidental to ownership of the leased item, are capitalized at
the inception of the lease at the fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments and included
in ‘Property and equipment’ account with the corresponding liability to the lessor included in ‘Other liabilities’ account. Lease payments are
apportioned between the finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining
balance of the liability. Finance charges are charged directly to ‘Interest expense’.
Capitalized leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the respective lease terms, if there is no
reasonable certainty that the Group will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term.
Leases where the lessor retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the asset are classified as operating leases. Operating
lease payments are recognized as an expense in the statement of income on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Group as lessor
Finance leases, where the Group transfers substantially all the risks and benefits incidental to ownership of the leased item to the lessee, are
included in the balance sheet under ‘Loans and receivables’ account. A lease receivable is recognized at an amount equivalent to the net
investment (asset cost) in the lease. All income resulting from the receivable is included in ‘Interest income’ in the statement of income.
Leases where the Group does not transfer substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the assets are classified as operating leases.
Lease payments received are recognized as an income in the statement of income on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease payments
received are recognized as an income in the statement of income on a straight line basis over the lease term. Initial direct costs incurred in
negotiating operating leases are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognized over the lease term on the same basis as the
rental income. Contingent rents are recognized as revenue in the period in which they are earned.
Retirement Benefits
The Group has a noncontributory defined benefit retirement plan.
The retirement cost of the Parent Company and certain subsidiaries is determined using the projected unit credit method. Under this method,
the current service cost is the present value of retirement benefits payable in the future with respect to services rendered in the current period.
The liability recognized in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit pension plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at
the balance sheet date less the fair value of plan assets, together with adjustments for unrecognized actuarial gains or losses and past service
costs. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. The present
value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows using interest rate on government
bonds that have terms to maturity approximating the terms of the related retirement liability. Actuarial gains and losses arising from experience
adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are credited to or charged against income when the net cumulative unrecognized actuarial
gains and losses at the end of the previous period exceeded 10% of the higher of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of
plan assets at that date. These excess gains or losses are recognized over the expected average remaining working lives of the employees
participating in the plan.
Past-service costs, if any, are recognized immediately in the statement of income, unless the changes to the pension plan are conditional on
the employees remaining in service for a specified period of time (the vesting period). In this case, the past-service costs are amortized on a
straight-line basis over the vesting period.
The defined benefit asset or liability comprises the present value of the defined benefit obligation less past service costs not yet recognized and
less the fair value of plan assets out of which the obligations are to be settled directly. The value of any asset is restricted to the sum of any past
service cost not yet recognized and the present value of any economic benefits available in the form of refunds from the plan or reductions in
the future contributions to the plan.
Provisions
Provisions are recognized when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event and it is probable that an
outflow of assets embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount
of the obligation. Where the Group expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, for example, under an insurance contract, the
reimbursement is recognized as a separate asset but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to any provision is
presented in the statement of income, net of any reimbursement. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined
by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, where
appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized
as an interest expense.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 55
Income Taxes
Deferred tax is provided, using the balance sheet liability method, on all temporary differences at the balance sheet date between the tax bases
of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences, including asset revaluations. Deferred tax assets are recognized for
all deductible temporary differences, carryforward of unused tax credits from the excess of minimum corporate income tax (MCIT) over the
regular corporate income tax (RCIT), and unused net operating loss carryover (NOLCO), to the extent that it is probable that sufficient taxable
income will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and carryforward of unused tax credits from MCIT and unused
NOLCO can be utilized. Deferred income tax, however, is not recognized on temporary differences that arise from the initial recognition of an
asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting income
nor taxable income.
Deferred tax liabilities are not provided on non-taxable temporary differences associated with investments in domestic subsidiaries and an
associate. With respect to investments in foreign subsidiaries and associates, deferred tax liabilities are recognized except where the timing of
the reversal of the temporary difference can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable
future.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that
sufficient taxable income will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets
are reassessed at each balance sheet date and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable income will allow
the deferred tax asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are applicable to the period when the asset is realized or the liability is
settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.
Current tax and deferred tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is also recognized in equity and not in the statement of income.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and
deferred taxes related to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.
Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing the aggregate of net income attributable to common shareholders and convertible preferred shareholders
by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year adjusted for the effects of dilutive convertible preferred
shares.
Subsequent Events
Any post-year-end event that provides additional information about the Group’s position at the balance sheet date (adjusting event) is reflected in
the financial statements. Post-year-end events that are not adjusting events, if any, are disclosed when material to the financial statements.
Segment Reporting
The Group’s operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of the products and services provided, with
each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different products and serves different markets.
56 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Fiduciary Activities
Assets and income arising from fiduciary activities together with related undertakings to return such assets to customers are excluded from the
financial statements where the Parent Company acts in a fiduciary capacity such as nominee, trustee or agent.
Philippine Interpretation IFRIC 11, PFRS 2 Group and Treasury Share Transactions (effective for annual periods beginning on or after March 1, 2007)
This Interpretation requires arrangements whereby an employee is granted rights to an entity’s equity instruments to be accounted for as an
equity-settled scheme by the entity even if (a) the entity chooses or is required to buy those equity instruments (e.g., treasury shares) from
another party, or (b) the shareholder(s) of the entity provide the equity instruments needed. It also provides guidance on how subsidiaries, in
their separate financial statements, account for such schemes when their employees receive rights to the equity instruments of the parent.
The Group currently does not have any stock option plan and therefore, does not expect this Interpretation to have significant impact on its
financial statements.
Philippine Interpretation IFRIC 12, Service Concession Arrangements (effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2008)
This Interpretation covers contractual arrangements arising from private entities providing public services and is not relevant to the Group’s
current operations.
Philippine Interpretation IFRIC 14, PAS 19, The Limit on a Defined Benefit Asset, Minimum Funding Requirements and their Interaction (effective for
annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2008)
This Interpretation provides guidance on how to assess the limit in PAS 19, Employee Benefits, on the amount of the surplus that can be
recognized as an asset, and how the pension assets or liability may be affected when there is a statutory or contractual minimum funding
requirement. The Group will assess the impact of adoption when it applies Philippine Interpretation IFRIC 14 in 2008.
Philippine Interpretation IFRIC 13, Customer Loyalty Programmes (effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2008)
This Interpretation addresses the accounting by an entity that grants award credits to its customers. The Group will assess the impact of
adoption when it applies Philippine Interpretation IFRIC 13 in 2008.
PFRS 8, Operating Segments (effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2009)
This PFRS adopts a management approach to reporting segment information. The information reported would be that which management
uses internally for evaluating the performance of operating segments and allocating resources to those segments. Such information may be
different from that reported in the balance sheet and statement of income and companies will need to provide explanations and reconciliations
of the differences. PFRS 8 will replace PAS 14, Segment Reporting and is required to be adopted only by entities whose debt or equity
instruments are publicly traded, or are in the process of filing with the SEC for purposes of issuing any class of instruments in a public market.
The Group will assess the impact of the standard on its current manner of reporting segment information.
Amendment to PAS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements - Amendment on Statement of Comprehensive Income, (effective for annual periods
beginning on or after January 1, 2009)
In accordance with the amendment to PAS 1, the statement of changes in equity shall include only transactions with owners, while all non-
owner changes will be presented in equity as a single line with details included in a separate statement. Owners are defined as holders of
instruments classified as equity.
The amendment to PAS 1 also provides for the introduction of a new statement of comprehensive income that combines all items of income
and expense recognized in the statement of income and expenses together with ‘other comprehensive income’. The revisions specify what
is included in other comprehensive income, such as gains and losses on AFS investments, actuarial gains and losses on defined benefit
pension plans and changes in the asset revaluation reserve. Entities can choose to present all items in one statement, or to present two
linked statements, a separate statement of income and expenses and a statement of comprehensive income. The Group does not expect this
amendment to have a significant impact on the financial statements.
PAS 23, (Revised) Borrowing Cost (effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2009)
The revised standard requires capitalization of borrowing costs that relate to a qualifying asset. The transitional requirements of the standard
require it to be adopted as a prospective change from the effective date. The Group expects that this Standard will not have any significant
impact on its financial statements.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 57
The preparation of the financial statements in accordance with PFRS requires the Group to make judgments and estimates that affect the
reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and contingent liabilities. Future events may
occur which will cause the assumptions used in arriving at the estimates to change. The effects of any change in estimates are reflected in the
financial statements as they become reasonably determinable.
Judgments and estimates are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future
events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.
Judgments
(a) Operating leases
The Group has entered into commercial property leases on its investment property portfolio. The Group has determined that it retains
all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of these properties which are leased out on operating lease basis.
Estimates
(a) Impairment losses on loans and receivables
The Group reviews its impaired loans and receivables at each reporting date to assess whether additional provision for credit losses should
be recorded in the statement of income. In particular, judgment by management is required in the estimation of the amount and timing
of future cash flows when determining the level of required allowance. Such estimates are based on assumptions about a number of
factors and actual results may differ, resulting in future changes to the allowance.
In addition to specific allowance against individually significant loans and receivables, the Group also makes a collective impairment
allowance against exposures which, although not specifically identified as requiring a specific allowance, have a greater risk of default
than when originally granted. This collective allowance takes into consideration any deterioration in the loan or investment rating from
the time the account was granted or amended, and such other factors as any deterioration in country risk, industry, and technological
obsolescence, as well as identified structural weaknesses or deterioration in cash flows and underlying property prices, among others.
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, allowance for credit losses on loans and receivables amounted to P12.0 billion and P13.5 billion,
respectively, for the Group and P11.7 billion and P13.3 billion, respectively, for the Parent Company. As of December 31, 2007 and
2006, loans and receivables are carried at P76.6 billion and P83.6 billion, respectively, for the Group and P73.2 billion and P81.5 billion,
respectively, for the Parent Company (see Note 9).
To the extent practicable, models use only observable data, however, areas such as credit risk (both own and counterparty), volatilities
and correlations require management to make estimates. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect reported fair value of
financial instruments. Refer to Notes 6 and 30 for information on the fair values of these instruments.
58 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
The determination of the cash flows and discount factors for unquoted equity investments requires significant estimation. The Group
reviews the valuation techniques periodically and tests them for validity using either prices from observable current market transactions in
the same instrument or from other available observable market data. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, unquoted equity instruments
amounted to P322.1 million and P533.3 million, respectively, for the Group and P319.6 million and P530.8 million, respectively, for the
Parent Company (see Note 11).
Refer to Note 11 for the information on the carrying amounts of these investments.
The Group’s estimates of future taxable income indicate that certain temporary differences will be realized in the future. As discussed in
Note 25, recognized net deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 amounted to P1.8 billion for the Group and the Parent
Company. Deferred tax assets on the temporary differences amounting to P8.9 billion and P9.3 billion for the Group and the Parent
Company as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, were not recognized.
The expected rate of return on plan assets was based on the market prices prevailing on the date applicable to the period over which the
obligation is to be settled. The assumed discount rates were determined using the market yields on Philippine government bonds with
terms consistent with the expected employee benefit payout as of balance sheet dates. Refer to Note 23 for the details of assumption
used in the calculation.
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the present value of the defined benefit obligation of the Parent Company amounted to P1.6 billion
and P2.0 billion, respectively (see Note 23).
The Group recognizes an impairment loss whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable
amount is computed using the value in use approach. Recoverable amounts are estimated for individual assets.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 59
As of December 31, 2007, the carrying value of the property and equipment and investment properties amounted to P16.5 billion
and P24.8 billion, respectively, for the Group and P16.4 billion and P24.7 billion, respectively, for the Parent Company. As of
December 31, 2006, the carrying value of the property and equipment and investment properties amounted to P16.6 billion and
P24.9 billion, respectively, for the Group and P16.5 billion and P24.8 billion, respectively, for the Parent Company (see Notes 12 and 14).
(h) Estimated useful lives of property and equipment and investment properties
The Group estimates the useful lives of its property and equipment and investment properties. This estimate is reviewed periodically to
ensure that the period of depreciation and amortization are consistent with the expected pattern of economic benefits from the items of
property and equipment and investment properties.
As of December 31, 2007, the carrying value of depreciable property and equipment and investment properties amounted to P5.5 billion and
P4.1 billion, respectively, for the Group and P5.4 billion and P4.1 billion, respectively, for the Parent Company. As of December 31, 2006, the
carrying value of depreciable property and equipment and investment properties amounted to P5.6 billion and P6.6 billion, respectively, for
the Group and P5.5 billion and P6.5 billion, respectively, for the Parent Company (see Notes 12 and 14).
Introduction
A bank’s ability to capture and measure risks on an enterprise wide basis, to monitor them on a regular basis, and to manage them is
increasingly becoming a compelling factor, not only on a compliance basis, but where competitive advantage is concerned.
The Group’s activities are principally related to the development, delivery, servicing and use of financial instruments. Risk is inherent in these
activities but it is managed through a process of ongoing identification, measurement and monitoring, subject to risk limits and other controls.
This process of risk management is critical to the Group’s continuing profitability.
To ensure the long-term success of the Parent Company, and its subsidiaries and affiliates as a whole, and to assure growth, the Parent
Company’s risk management and risk controlling activities are directed at ensuring the careful handling and professional management of credit
risks, market, liquidity and funding risks and operational risks.
Further, the Parent Company is also exposed to other types of risk such as technology risk, strategic and business risks, compliance risk and legal
risk. These are correspondingly monitored by the Parent Company’s Risk Management Group (RMG). Compliance risk is regularly managed
and monitored by the Parent Company’s Compliance Division.
The Group accepts deposits from customers at fixed rates, and for various periods, and seeks to earn above-average interest margins by
investing these funds in high-quality assets. The Group seeks to optimize net interest margin by managing its sources and uses of funds
according to interest rate, tenor and diversity.
The Group also seeks to raise its interest margins by obtaining above-average margins, net of allowances, through lending to commercial and
retail borrowers with a range of credit standing. Such exposures involve not just on-balance sheet loans and advances. The Group also enters
into guarantees and other commitments such as letters of credit (LCs) and performance and other bonds. Further, the Parent Company also
engages in various structured transactions which are managed by the Business Development Sector in coordination with Credit Management
and Treasury Sectors.
The Group trades in financial instruments where it takes positions in traded and over-the-counter instruments, including derivatives, and takes
advantage of short-term market movements in equities and bonds and in currency and interest rate. The Group places trading limits on the
level of exposure that can be taken in relation to both overnight and intra-day market positions.
The Parent Company adheres to the three primary functions involved in the risk management process in order to attain a system of “check
and balance”:
1. Risk-Taking Personnel (RTP) Function - initiates and takes the risks duly authorized by the BOD which includes personnel in the front office
of treasury and lending.
2. Risk Management Function - assists the RTP and the back office (operations) in identifying, measuring, analyzing and managing risks. This
function also performs the independent limits monitoring.
60 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
3. Audit and Compliance Function - performs the day-today compliance check with the approved risk policies. This function is the task of
the Internal Audit Group, Compliance Office and External Auditors.
The fulfillment of the risk management functions of the BOD is delegated to the Risk Management Committee (RMC), which is composed of
five (5) directors. It is primarily responsible for the execution of the Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) framework. The RMC’s main concerns
include:
1. Internal Environment Scanning. The internal environment scanning involves the review of the overall prevailing risk framework to
determine how risk is viewed and addressed by management, including risk management philosophy, risk appetite, integrity and ethical
values.
2. Objective Setting. The BOD mandates management to set the overall annual target via the business planning activities. Enterprise risk
management ensures that management has a process in place to set objectives and that the chosen objectives support and are aligned
with the entity’s mission and are consistent with its risk appetite.
3. Event Identification. Internal and external events affecting the achievement of the Parent Company’s objectives are identified,
distinguishing between risks and opportunities. Opportunities are channeled back to management’s strategy or objective-setting
processes.
4. Risk Assessment. Risks are analyzed, considering the likelihood (probability) and impact (severity) of potential loss, as a basis for
determining how they should be managed. Under this approach, the Parent Company focuses on the Business Impact Analysis of major
risks. Risks are assessed on an inherent and a residual basis and the process initially considers which risks are controllable, uncontrollable,
requires immediate management’s attention, or which risk shall materially weaken the Parent Company’s earnings and capital.
5. Risk Response. Management has discretion to select risk appropriate responses to mitigate risk either to avoid, accept, reduce, transfer
or share risk. Management, in coordination with RMC, establishes limits to align risks with the Parent Company’s risk tolerances and risk
appetite.
6. Control Activities. Policies and procedures are established and implemented to help ensure that the decided responses are uniformly and
effectively carried out across the institution.
7. Information and Communication. Relevant information is identified, captured, and communicated in a form, substance and timeframe
that enable all Parent Company personnel to carry out their responsibilities.
8. Monitoring. Under the ERM, the middle office (i.e., RMG, Internal Audit Group, and Compliance Office) constantly monitor the
management of risk via risk limits, audit review, revalidation of risk strategies and compliance check, with modifications being made as
necessary. Monitoring is accomplished through a continuous reporting system with the support of the Parent Company’s Management
Information System (MIS) Group.
The RMG is responsible for ensuring that management implements and maintains risk related procedures. It is also responsible for monitoring
compliance with risk principles, policies and limits across the Parent Company. It is mandated to:
• identify, analyze and measure risks from the Parent Company’s trading, position-taking, lending, borrowing and other risk taking
activities;
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 61
Credit Risk
Credit risk is the non-recovery of credit exposures (on and off balance sheet exposures). Managing credit risk also involves monitoring of
migration risk, concentration risk, country risk and settlement risk. The Parent Company manages its credit risk at various levels (i.e., strategic
level, portfolio level down to individual transaction).
The credit risk management of the entire loan portfolio is under the direct oversight of the RMC. Credit risk management of individual
borrower is performed by the business sector and remedial sector. Risk management is embedded in the entire credit process i.e. from credit
origination to remedial management (if needed).
Among the tools used by the Parent Company in identifying, assessing and managing credit risk include:
• Documented credit policies and procedures: sound credit granting process, risk asset acceptance criteria, target market, approving
authorities, and etc.;
• System for administration and monitoring of exposure;
• Portfolio management;
• Pre-approval review of loan proposals;
• Post approval review of implemented loans;
• Work out system for managing problem credits;
• Regular review of the sufficiency of valuation reserves;
• Monitoring of the adequacy of capital for credit risk via the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) report;
• Monitoring of breaches in regulatory and internal limits;
• Credit Risk Management Dashboard;
• Diversification; and
• Active loan portfolio management undertaken to identify the following:
a. portfolio growth
b. loss rate
c. recovery rate
d. trend of nonperforming loans (NPL)
e. concentration risk (per classified account, per industry, clean exposure, large exposure, contingent exposure, demographic, etc)
f. Internal Risk Rating System for corporate accounts
g. Credit Scoring for retail accounts
The magnitude of key changes in the Parent Company has been quite comprehensive for the last five years under the new management.
Continuous changes have been made in the policies, procedures, system and quality of people. The Parent Company has moved one step
further by collecting data on risk rating of loan borrowers with an asset size of P15.0 million and above as initial requirement in the Parent
Company’s model for internal Probability of Default (PD) and Loss Given Default (LGD).
Credit-related commitments
The exposures represent guarantees, standby LCs issued by the Parent Company and documentary/commercial LCs which are written
undertakings by the Parent Company. To mitigate this risk the Parent Company requires hard collaterals for standby LCs lines while commercial
LCs are collateralized by the underlying shipments of goods to which they relate.
For trading and investment securities, the Parent Company limits investments to government issues and securities issued by entities with
high-quality investment ratings.
b. Geographic Concentration
The Group’s credit risk exposures, before taking into account any collateral held or other credit enhancements, are categorized by
geographic location as follows:
Consolidated Parent Company
2007 2006 2007 2006
(In Million Pesos)
Philippines P164,018 P166,779 P159,641 P162,867
Other European Union Countries 14,681 17,548 14,308 17,369
Asia (excluding the Philippines) 6,717 6,497 6,715 5,315
USA and Canada 3,863 1,195 2,761 1,051
United Kingdom 2,666 4,030 2,666 3,589
Total P191,945 P196,049 P186,091 P190,191
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 63
c. Concentration by Industry
The tables below show the industry sector analysis of the Group and Parent Company’s financial assets as of December 31, 2007 at gross
amounts, before taking into account the fair value of the loan collateral held or other credit enhancements.
Consolidated
December 31, 2007
Gross Maximum Exposure Fair Market Value
Amount % of Collateral
(Amounts in Million Pesos)
Loans and Receivables
Primary target industry
Manufacturing P9,621 12.16 P9,581
Electricity, gas and water 9,613 12.15 13,052
Wholesale and retail 8,891 11.23 13,105
Agriculture, hunting and forestry 7,541 9.53 2,515
Financial intermediaries 6,112 7.72 13,840
Transport, storage and communications 4,959 6.27 3,074
Public administration and defense 2,444 3.09 1,371
Secondary target industry
Real estate, renting and business activities 8,396 10.61 17,094
Construction 2,120 2.68 4,325
Others* 5,091 6.43 31,226
Other receivables 14,361 18.13 –
P79,149 100.00 P109,183
Trading and Financial Investment Securities
Government P37,492 66.02 P –
Financial intermediaries 12,047 21.21 –
Manufacturing 5,290 9.32 –
Electricity, gas and water 823 1.45 –
Real estate, renting and business activities 255 0.45 –
Others 879 1.55 –
P56,786 100.00 P–
Other Financial Assets
Government P42,302 74.07 P11,200
Financial intermediaries 14,077 24.65 –
Others 726 1.28 –
P57,105 100.00 P11,200
Consolidated
December 31, 2006
Gross Maximum Exposure Fair Market Value
Amount % of Collateral
(Amounts in Million Pesos)
Loans and Receivables
Primary target industry
Wholesale and retail P13,520 17.71 P108,969
Manufacturing 8,943 11.72 9,251
Transport, storage and communications 7,299 9.56 3,991
Public administration and defense 5,192 6.80 2,425
Electricity, gas and water 5,071 6.64 2,590
Financial intermediaries 4,341 5.69 7,073
Agriculture, hunting and forestry 3,240 4.24 2,919
Secondary target industry
Real estate, renting and business activities 6,299 8.25 9,358
Construction 2,400 3.14 4,571
Others* 5,883 7.71 15,797
Other receivables 14,144 18.54 –
P76,332 100.00 P166,944
(Forward)
64 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Consolidated
December 31, 2006
Gross Maximum Exposure Fair Market Value
Amount % of Collateral
(Amounts in Million Pesos)
Trading and Financial Investment Securities
Government P43,010 66.13 P –
Financial intermediaries 13,654 20.99 –
Manufacturing 6,473 9.95 –
Electricity, gas and water 993 1.52 –
Real estate, renting and business activities 325 0.50 –
Others 582 0.91 –
P65,037 100.00 P–
Other Financial Assets
Government P34,333 59.57 P15,700
Financial intermediaries 21,197 37.99 –
Others 1,361 2.44 –
P56,891 100.00 P15,700
* Others include the following sectors - Other community, social and personal services, private household, hotel and restaurant, education, mining and quarrying, and health
and social work
Parent Company
December 31, 2007
Gross Maximum Exposure Fair Market Value
Amount % of Collateral
(Amounts in Million Pesos)
Loans and Receivables
Loans receivables
Primary target industry
Electricity, gas and water P9,613 12.76 P13,052
Manufacturing 9,084 12.06 9,581
Wholesale and retail 8,680 11.52 13,105
Agriculture, hunting and forestry 7,518 9.98 2,515
Financial intermediaries 6,089 8.08 13,832
Transport, storage and communications 4,657 6.18 3,074
Public administration and defense 2,444 3.25 1,371
Secondary target industry
Real estate, renting and business activities 8,387 11.14 17,094
Construction 2,111 2.80 4,325
Others* 4,275 5.68 31,045
Other receivables 12,457 16.55 –
P75,315 100.00 P108,994
Trading and Financial Investment Securities
Government P36,811 65.94 P–
Financial intermediaries 11,996 21.49 –
Real estate, renting and business activities 5,290 9.48 –
Manufacturing 823 1.47 –
Electricity, gas and water 206 0.37 –
Others 696 1.25 –
P55,822 100.00 P–
Other Financial Assets
Government P42,300 76.04 P11,200
Financial intermediaries 12,602 22.65 –
Others 726 1.31 –
P55,628 100.00 P11,200
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 65
Parent Company
December 31, 2006
Gross Maximum Exposure Fair Market Value
Amount % of Collateral
(Amounts in Million Pesos)
Loans and Receivables
Loans receivable
Primary target industry
Wholesale and retail P13,336 18.05 P108,969
Manufacturing 8,277 11.21 9,251
Transport, storage and communications 6,900 9.34 3,991
Public administration and defense 5,119 6.93 2,425
Electricity, gas and water 5,071 6.86 2,590
Financial intermediaries 4,820 6.53 7,073
Agriculture, hunting and forestry 2,872 3.89 2,919
Secondary target industry
Real estate, renting and business activities 6,271 8.49 9,358
Construction 2,400 3.25 4,571
Others* 5,230 7.08 15,797
Other receivable 13,569 18.36 –
P73,865 100.00 P166,944
Trading and Financial Investment Securities
Government P41,166 65.48 P –
Financial intermediaries 13,604 21.64 –
Manufacturing 6,444 10.25 –
Electricity, gas and water 993 1.58 –
Real estate, renting and business activities 308 0.49 –
Others 356 0.56 –
P62,871 100.00 P–
Other Financial Assets
Government P34,492 62.34 P15,700
Financial intermediaries 19,473 35.20 –
Others 1,361 2.46 –
P55,326 100.00 P15,700
* Others include the following sectors – Other community, social and personal services, private household, hotel and restaurant, education, mining and quarrying, and
health and social work
The internal limit of the Parent Company is 12% for primary target industry, 10% for secondary market and 7% for non-target industry vs. total
loan portfolio. As of December 31, 2007, the Parent Company does not have loan concentration risk to any particular industry.
• For corporate accounts - cash, guarantees, securities, physical collaterals (e.g. real estate, chattels, inventory, etc.); as a general rule,
commercial, industrial and residential lots are preferred
• For retail lending - mortgages on residential properties and vehicles financed
The disposal of the foreclosed properties is handled by the Asset Management Sector which adheres to the general policy of disposing assets
at the highest possible market value.
Management regularly monitors the market value of collateral and requests additional collateral in accordance with the underlying agreement.
The existing market value of collateral is considered during the review of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses.
66 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Validation of the internal risk rating is conducted by the Credit Policy Division to maintain accurate and consistent risk ratings across the
credit portfolio. The rating system has two parts, namely, the borrower’s rating and the facility rating. It is supported by a variety of financial
analytics, combined with an assessment of management and market information to provide the main inputs for the measurement of credit or
counterparty risk.
The table below shows the Parent Company’s loans receivables exposure per rating as of December 31, 2007.
The table below shows the credit quality by class of debt financial assets, excluding other receivables (gross of allowance for credit losses) of
the Group as of December 31, 2007:
Neither Past Due nor Individually Impaired Past Due or
Standard Substandard Individually
High Grade Grade Grade Others Impaired Total
(In Million Pesos)
COCI and due from BSP P27,962 P– P– P52 P– P28,014
Due from other banks 3,962 – – – – 3,962
Interbank loans receivable 13,197 – – – – 13,197
SPURA 11,200 – – – – 11,200
Financial assets at FVPL:
Derivative assets 63 1,110 – – – 1,173
Government securities 131 1,832 – – – 1,963
Loans receivables:
Business loans 17,147 9,726 3,294 2,166 8,864 41,197
GOCCs and NGAs – – – 9,772 1,671 11,443
LGUs – – – 5,322 – 5,322
Consumers – – – 5,458 458 5,916
Fringe benefits – – – 858 52 910
Receivables from SPV – – – – 726 726
Financial investments:
Quoted government debt securities – 32,758 – – – 32,758
Other debt securities 10,910 855 – – – 11,765
Unquoted debt securities – 1,684 2,741 – 5,460 9,885
Total P84,572 P47,965 P6,035 P23,628 P17,231 P179,431
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 67
The ‘Individually Impaired’ category includes restructured loans receivables of the Parent Company, with the carrying amounts as of
December 31, 2007 shown below. Of the P11 billion total impaired loans, 39% or P4.3 billion is restructured loans (in million pesos):
The table below shows the aging analysis of past due but not impaired loans receivables per class that the Parent Company held as of
December 31, 2007. Under PFRS 7, a financial asset is past due when a counterparty has failed to make a payment when contractually due.
Less than 31 to 91 to
30 days 90 days 180 days Total
(In Million Pesos)
Business loans P981 P92 P54 P1,127
LGUs 63 – 36 99
Consumers 55 33 70 158
Fringe benefits 2 3 1 6
Total P1,101 P128 P161 P1,390
Impairment Assessment
The Parent Company recognizes impairment losses based on the results of its specific (individual) and collective assessment of its credit
exposures. Impairment has taken place when there is a presence of known difficulties in the payment of obligation by counterparties, a
significant credit rating downgrade takes place, infringement of the original terms of the contract has happened, or when there is an inability
to pay principal or interest overdue beyond a certain threshold (e.g., 90 days). These and other factors, either singly or in tandem with other
factors, constitute observable events and/or data that meet the definition of an objective evidence of impairment.
The two methodologies applied by the Parent Company in assessing and measuring impairment include:
Among the items and factors considered by the Parent Company when assessing and measuring specific impairment allowances are:
The impairment allowances, if any, are evaluated every quarter or as the need arises in view of favorable or unfavorable developments.
b. Collective assessment
Allowances are assessed collectively for losses on loans and advances that are not individually significant (e.g. credit cards, housing
loans, car loans, development incentives loans, fringe benefit loans) and for individually significant loans and advances where there is no
apparent evidence of individual impairment. A particular portfolio is reviewed every quarter to determine its corresponding appropriate
allowances.
Impairment losses are estimated by taking into consideration the following information:
See Note 16 for more detailed information with respect to the allowance for impairment losses on loans and advances to customers.
68 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
The Parent Company’s liquidity management involves maintaining funding capacity to accommodate fluctuations in asset and liability levels due
to changes in the Parent Company’s business operations or unanticipated events created by customer behavior or capital market conditions.
The Parent Company seeks to ensure liquidity through a combination of active management of liabilities, a liquid asset portfolio composed
substantially of deposits in primary and secondary reserves, and the securing of money market lines and the maintenance of repurchase
facilities to address any unexpected liquidity situations.
Liquidity risk is monitored and controlled primarily by a gap analysis of maturities of relevant assets and liabilities reflected in the maximum
cumulative outflow (MCO) report, as well as an analysis of available liquid assets. The MCO focuses on a 12-month period wherein the
12-month cumulative outflow is compared to the acceptable MCO limit set by the BOD. Furthermore, an internal liquidity ratio has been set
to determine sufficiency of liquid assets over deposit liabilities.
Liquidity is monitored by the Parent Company on a daily basis and under assumed stressed situations. The table below shows the maturity
profile of the Parent Company’s liabilities as of December 31, 2007 based on the contractual undiscounted cash flows:
2007
Up to 1 to 3 3 to 6 6 to 12 Beyond
1 month months months months 1 year Total
(In Million Pesos)
Deposit liabilities:
Demand P19,952 P– P– P– P– P19,952
Savings 112,606 11,048 3,493 1,922 8,227 137,296
Time 14,331 4,382 3,974 879 77 23,643
Bills and acceptances payable 970 36 353 – 2,115 3,474
Subordinated debt – – – – 8,416 8,416
Derivative liabilities 68 – – – – 68
Accrued taxes, interest and expenses and other liabilities* 190 613 251 543 6,025 7,622
Total financial liabilities P148,117 P16,079 P8,071 P3,344 P24,860 P200,471
* includes future interest payments of deposit liabilities, bills and acceptances payable and subordinated debt.
The table below shows the maturity profile of the Parent Company’s liabilities based on its internal methodology that manages liquidity based
on expected undiscounted cash flows, rather than contractual undiscounted cash flows:
2006
Up to 1 to 3 3 to 6 6 to 12 Beyond
1 month months months months 1 year Total
(In Million Pesos)
Deposit liabilities:
Demand P827 P1,161 P1,741 P3,483 P10,611 P17,823
Savings 3,399 6,004 9,006 18,012 103,665 140,086
Time 5,304 4,615 6,843 9,062 – 25,824
Bills and acceptances payable 854 1 – – 9,507 10,362
Subordinated debt – – – – 8,389 8,389
Accrued taxes, interest and expenses and other liabilities 10,730 771 130 1,091 3,184 15,906
Total financial liabilities P21,114 P12,552 P17,720 P31,648 P135,356 P218,390
Further, the liquidity information for 2007 includes coupon cash flows categorized by contractual timing. Had the Parent Company’s time
buckets include “On Demand” financial liabilities that are demandable and due (such as the demand deposit liabilities), P20.0 billion as of
December 31, 2007 would have to be presented separately under a category captioned “On Demand”.
As of December 31, 2007, the Parent Company’s combined contingent liabilities and commitments amounted to P9.8 billion.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 69
Market Risk
Market risk is the risk to earnings or capital arising from adverse movements in factors that affect the market value of instruments, products,
and transactions in an institutions’ overall portfolio. Market risk arises from market making, dealing, and position taking in interest rate and
foreign exchange markets. The succeeding sections provide discussion on the impact of market risk on the Parent Company’s trading and
structural portfolios.
The VaR figures are back tested against actual and hypothetical profit and loss of the trading book to validate the robustness of the VaR model.
Likewise, to complement VaR measure, the Parent Company performs stress tests wherein the trading portfolios are valued under extreme
market scenarios not covered by the confidence interval of the Parent Company’s VaR model.
VaR Assumptions/Parameters
VaR estimates the potential loss on the current portfolio assuming a specified time horizon and level of confidence at 99.00%. The use of a
99.00% confidence level means that, within a one day horizon, losses exceeding the VaR figure should occur, on average, not more than once
every one hundred days.
Since VaR is an integral part of the Parent Company’s market risk management, VaR limits have been established annually for all financial
trading activities and exposures against the VaR limits are monitored on a daily basis. Limits are based on the tolerable risk appetite of the
Parent Company.
There is no instance for the year ended December 31, 2007 that the aggregate daily losses were greater than the total VaR (amounts in million
pesos).
Foreign Interest
Exchange Rate Equities Price Total VaR
December 31, 2007 P18.54 P37.02 P3.27 P58.83
2007-Average Daily 14.60 91.35 4.04 105.95
2007-Highest 33.30 224.66 5.68 257.96
2007-Lowest 1.96 0.06 2.84 2.02
Note: The high and low of the total portfolio may not equal to the sum of the individual components as the high and lows of the individual portfolios may have occurred
on different trading days.
The VaR for foreign exchange is the foreign exchange risk throughout the Parent Company. The Parent Company, when aggregating the
foreign exchange VaR and interest VaR, does not consider the correlation effects between the two risks.
Equities trading was approved by the BOD and commenced in October 2007.
The Parent Company also dimensions the potential risk on AFS portfolio. As of December 31, 2007, VAR for the AFS portfolio amounted to
P747.9 million for the 10 day horizon.
70 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Repricing mismatches will expose the Parent Company to interest rate risk. The Parent Company measures the sensitivity of its assets and
liabilities to interest rate fluctuations by way of a “repricing gap” analysis using the repricing characteristics of its balance sheet positions
tempered with approved assumptions. To evaluate earnings exposure, interest rate sensitive liabilities in each time band are subtracted from
the corresponding interest rate assets to produce a “repricing gap” for that time band. The difference in the amount of assets and liabilities
maturing or being repriced over a one year period would then give the Parent Company an indication of the extent to which it is exposed to
the risk of potential changes in net interest income. A negative gap occurs when the amount of interest rate sensitive liabilities exceeds the
amount of interest rate sensitive assets. Vice versa, positive gap occurs when the amount of interest rate sensitive assets exceeds the amount
of interest rate sensitive liabilities.
During a period of rising interest rates, a company with a positive gap is better positioned because the company’s assets are refinanced at
increasingly higher interest rates increasing the net interest margin of the company over time. During a period of falling interest rates, a
company with a positive gap would show assets repricing at a faster rate than one with a negative gap, which may restrain the growth of its
net income or result in a decline in net interest income.
For risk management purposes, the repricing gap covering the one year period is multiplied by an assumed change in interest rates to yield an
approximation of the change in net interest income that would result from such an interest rate movement. The Parent Company’s BOD sets
a limit on the level of earnings at risk (EaR) exposure tolerable to the Parent Company. Compliance to the EaR limit is monitored monthly by
the RMG.
The following table sets forth the repricing gap position of the Parent Company as of December 31, 2007 and 2006:
2007
Up to 1 to 3 3 to 6 6 to 12 Beyond
1 month months months months 1year Total
(In Million Pesos)
Financial Assets
COCI P– P– P– P– P4,732 P4,732
Placements with the BSP and other banks 13,458 6,880 8,083 2,400 – 30,821
Interbank loans receivable 12,825 – – – – 12,825
SPURA 11,200 – – – – 11,200
Financial assets at FVPL
Derivative assets – – – – 1,173 1,173
Government securities – – – – 1,963 1,963
Loans receivables 19,284 24,379 3,740 3,711 11,744 62,858
Unquoted debt securities 1 1 2 16 9,865 9,885
Receivables from SPV – 726 – – – 726
AFS investments 4,773 4,784 972 725 32,707 43,961
HTM investments 179 – – 184 – 363
Total financial assets 61,720 36,770 12,797 7,036 62,184 180,507
Financial Liabilities
Deposit liabilities:
Demand – – – – 19,952 19,952
Savings 51,973 7,692 3,459 1,925 72,246 137,295
Time 14,261 4,474 3,841 1,066 1 23,643
Bills and acceptances payable 1,436 – 351 – 1,687 3,474
Subordinated debt – – – – 8,416 8,416
Other liabilities 320 260 21 – 1,446 2,047
Total financial liabilities 67,990 12,426 7,672 2,991 103,748 194,827
Repricing gap (P6,270 ) P24,344 P5,125 P4,045 (P41,564 ) (P14,320 )
Cumulative gap (6,270 ) 18,074 23,199 27,244 (14,320 )
Note: Non-interest bearing financial assets and liabilities are lumped in greater than 1 year bucket.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 71
2006
Up to 1 to 3 3 to 6 6 to 12 Beyond
1 month months months months 1 year Total
(In Million Pesos)
Financial Assets
COCI P– P– P– P– P4,754 P4,754
Placements with the BSP and other banks 14,591 – – – 290 14,881
Interbank loans receivable 22,094 – – – – 22,094
SPURA 15,700 – – – – 15,700
Financial assets at FVPL:
Derivative assets 961 – – – – 961
Government securities 148 – – – – 148
Loans and receivables 16,456 23,894 3,591 2,946 13,276 60,163
Unquoted debt securities 11,208 323 – – 9,771 21,302
Receivables from SPV – – – – 1,361 1,361
AFS investments 7,232 10,991 1,536 2,892 18,171 40,822
HTM investments – 269 – – 1,151 1,420
Total financial assets 88,390 35,477 5,127 5,838 48,774 183,606
Financial Liabilities
Deposit liabilities:
Demand P– P– P– P– P17,823 P17,823
Savings 41,162 11,306 8,211 10,746 68,661 140,086
Time 14,304 4,824 2,677 4,006 13 25,824
Bills and acceptances payable 7,502 – – – 2,860 10,362
Subordinated debt – – – – 8,389 8,389
Other liabilities 11,182 771 104 47 – 12,104
Total financial liabilities 74,150 16,901 10,992 14,799 97,746 214,588
Repricing Gap P14,240 P18,576 (P5,865 ) (P8,961 ) (P48,972 ) (P30,982 )
Cumulative Gap 14,240 32,816 26,951 17,990 (30,982 )
Note: Non-interest bearing financial assets and liabilities are lumped in greater than 1 year bucket.
The following table sets forth, the impact of changes in interest rates on the Parent Company’s non-consolidated net interest income for the
year ended December 31, 2007:
2007
Changes in interest rates (in basis points) (50 ) (100 ) 50 100
Change on annualized net interest income(1) (110 ) (291 ) 110 291
(1)
In P millions
If interest rates increased by 100 basis points (given the repricing position of the assets and liabilities of the Parent Company as of December
31, 2007), the Parent Company would expect annualized non-consolidated net interest income to increase by P291 million. If interest rates
decreased by 100 basis points, the annualized non-consolidated net interest income would decrease by P291 million. This EaR computation is
accomplished monthly, with a quarterly stress test.
As one of the long-term goals in the risk management process, the Parent Company has set the adoption of the economic value approach in
measuring the interest rate risk in the Banking book to complement the earnings approach currently used.
Foreign currency liabilities generally consist of foreign currency deposits in the Parent Company’s FCDU books, accounts made in the Philippines
or which are generated from remittances to the Philippines by Filipino expatriates and overseas Filipino workers who retain for their own benefit
or for the benefit of a third party, foreign currency deposit accounts with the Parent Company and foreign currency-denominated borrowings
appearing in the regular books of the Parent Company.
Foreign currency deposits are generally used to fund the Parent Company’s foreign currency-denominated loan and investment portfolio in the
FCDU. Banks are required by the BSP to match the foreign currency liabilities with the foreign currency assets held through FCDUs. In addition,
the BSP requires a 30.00% liquidity reserve on all foreign currency liabilities held through FCDUs. Outside the FCDU, the Parent Company has
additional foreign currency assets and liabilities in its foreign branch network.
72 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
The Group’s policy is to maintain foreign currency exposure within acceptable limits and within existing regulatory guidelines. The Group
believes that its profile of foreign currency exposure on its assets and liabilities is within conservative limits for a financial institution engaged
in the type of business in which the Group is involved.
The table below summarizes the Group’s exposure to foreign exchange rate risk as of December 31, 2007 and 2006. Included in the table are
the Group’s assets and liabilities at carrying amounts (in million pesos), categorized by currency.
Consolidated
2007 2006
USD Others Total USD Others Total
Assets
COCI and due from BSP P761 P146 P907 P981 P105 P1,086
Due from other banks 1,325 1,105 2,430 1,779 687 2,466
Interbank loans receivable and SPURA 8,807 542 9,349 18,506 410 18,916
Loans and receivables 10,229 21 10,250 10,010 34 10,044
Financial assets at FVPL 63 – 63 108 – 108
AFS investments 24,270 160 24,430 24,953 182 25,135
HTM investments 310 – 310 1,484 – 1,484
Other assets 3,093 42 3,135 3,829 4 3,833
Total assets 48,858 2,016 50,874 61,650 1,422 63,072
Liabilities
Deposit liabilities 37,556 776 38,332 42,737 783 43,520
Bills and acceptances payable 2,159 10 2,169 3,059 – 3,059
Accrued taxes, interest and other expenses 108 1 109 105 1 106
Other liabilities 4,000 473 4,473 5,727 581 6,308
Total liabilities 43,823 1,260 45,083 51,628 1,365 52,993
Net exposure P5,035 P756 P5,791 P10,022 P57 P10,079
Parent Company
2007 2006
USD Others Total USD Others Total
Assets
COCI and due from BSP P761 P146 P907 P981 P105 P1,086
Due from other banks 1,709 1,105 2,814 1,760 707 2,467
Interbank loans receivable and SPURA 8,807 542 9,349 18,506 410 18,916
Loans and receivables 10,229 21 10,250 10,010 34 10,044
Financial assets at FVPL 63 – 63 – – –
AFS investments 24,270 160 24,430 24,953 182 25,135
HTM investments 310 – 310 1,484 – 1,484
Other assets 3,073 42 3,115 3,910 4 3,914
Total assets 49,222 2,016 51,238 61,604 1,442 63,046
Liabilities
Deposit liabilities 37,556 776 38,332 42,737 783 43,520
Bills and acceptances payable 2,159 10 2,169 3,059 – 3,059
Accrued taxes, interest and other expenses 108 1 109 105 1 106
Other liabilities 4,000 473 4,473 5,727 581 6,308
Total liabilities 43,823 1,260 45,082 51,628 1,365 52,993
Net exposure P5,399 P756 P6,156 P9,976 P77 P10,053
Information relating to the Parent Company’s currency derivatives is contained in Note 30. The Parent Company has outstanding foreign
currency spot transactions (in equivalent peso amounts) of P0.8 billion (sold) and P0.2 billion (bought) as of December 31, 2007 and P1.3 billion
(sold) and P0.9 billion (bought) as of December 31, 2006.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 73
Prepayment Risk
Prepayment risk is the risk that the Parent Company will incur a financial loss because its customers and counterparties repay or request
repayment earlier or later than expected, such as fixed rate mortgages when interest rates fall. The Parent Company has exposures in consumer
loans e.g., housing loans, motor vehicles. These activities generate market risk since these loan products are inherently sensitive to changes in
the level of market interest rates. Based on historical data from 2005 to 2007, prepayment received by the Parent Company is less than 1.00%
of the total housing loan and motor vehicle loan portfolio.
Shown below are the assets and liabilities of the Group and of the Parent Company as they appear in the balance sheets, which are divided into
financial and non-financial items, with the financial items being mapped to the categories of financial instruments under PAS 39.
Consolidated
2007
Financial instruments
Fair Value Held-to- Available- Other Other
Through Maturity Loans and for-Sale Financial Non-financial
Profit or Loss Investments Receivables Investments Liabilities Items Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
ASSETS
Cash and other cash items P– P– P4,773,212 P– P– P– P4,773,212
Due from BSP – – 27,961,521 – – – 27,961,521
Due from other banks – – 3,962,000 – – – 3,962,000
Interbank loans receivable – – 13,197,201 – – – 13,197,201
SPURA – – 11,200,000 – – – 11,200,000
Financial assets at FVPL 3,215,235 – – – – – 3,215,235
Loans and receivables – – 76,575,031 – – – 76,575,031
Receivable from SPV – – 726,095 – – – 726,095
AFS investments – – – 44,821,522 – – 44,821,522
HTM investments – 446,054 – – – – 446,054
Property and equipment – – – – – 16,503,679 16,503,679
Investments in subsidiaries and an associate – – – – – 665,123 665,123
Investment Properties – – – – – 24,799,602 24,799,602
Deferred tax assets – – – – – 1,857,109 1,857,109
Other assets – – – – – 9,001,656 9,001,656
Total Assets P3,215,235 P446,054 P138,395,060 P44,821,522 P– P52,827,169 P239,705,040
LIABILITIES
Deposit liabilities P– P– P– P– P178,811,969 P– P178,811,969
Bills and acceptances payable – – – – 4,299,094 – 4,299,094
Accrued taxes, interest and other expenses – – – – 2,053,372 2,221,542 4,274,914
Subordinated debt – – – – 8,416,424 – 8,416,424
Other liabilities 67,612 – – – 10,323,541 3,282,368 13,673,521
Total Liabilities P67,612 P– P– P– P203,904,400 P5,503,910 P209,475,922
74 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Parent Company
2007
Financial instruments
Fair Value Held-to- Available- Other Other
Through Maturity Loans and for-Sale Financial Non-financial
Profit or Loss Investments Receivables Investments Liabilities Items Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
ASSETS
Cash and other cash items P– P– P4,732,004 P– P– P– P4,732,004
Due from BSP – – 27,961,521 – – – 27,961,521
Due from other banks – – 2,859,908 – – – 2,859,908
Interbank loans receivable – – 12,824,611 – – – 12,824,611
SPURA – – 11,200,000 – – – 11,200,000
Financial assets at FVPL 3,194,086 – – – – – 3,194,086
Loans and receivables – – 73,162,024 – – – 73,162,024
Receivable from SPV – – 726,095 – – – 726,095
AFS investments – – – 43,961,027 – – 43,961,027
HTM investments – 362,795 – – – – 362,795
Property and equipment – – – – – 16,396,382 16,396,382
Investments in subsidiaries and
an associate – – – – – 5,381,139 5,381,139
Investment properties – – – – – 24,723,885 24,723,885
Deferred tax assets – – – – – 1,798,662 1,798,662
Other assets – – – – – 8,842,847 8,842,847
Total Assets P3,194,086 P362,795 P133,466,163 P43,961,027 P– P57,142,915 P238,126,986
LIABILITIES
Deposit liabilities P– P– P– P– P180,890,673 P– P180,890,673
Bills and acceptances payable – – – – 3,474,448 – 3,474,448
Accrued taxes, interest and
other expenses – – – – 2,046,474 2,119,691 4,166,165
Subordinated debt – – – – 8,416,424 – 8,416,424
Other liabilities 67,612 – – – 10,163,426 1,729,217 11,960,255
Total Liabilities P67,612 P– P– P– P204,991,445 P3,848,908 P208,907,965
Consolidated
2006
Financial instruments
Fair Value Held-to- Available- Other Other
Through Maturity Loans and for-Sale Financial Non-financial
Profit or Loss Investments Receivables Investments Liabilities Items Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
ASSETS
Cash and other cash items P– P– P4,820,155 P– P– P– P4,820,155
Due from BSP – – 12,566,759 – – – 12,566,759
Due from other banks – – 3,555,603 – – – 3,555,603
Interbank loans receivable – – 22,412,817 – – – 22,412,817
SPURA – – 15,700,000 – – – 15,700,000
Financial assets at FVPL 1,137,835 – – – – – 1,137,835
Loans and receivables – – 83,592,219 – – – 83,592,219
Receivable from SPV – – 1,361,074 – – – 1,361,074
AFS investments – – – 42,824,810 – – 42,824,810
HTM investments – 1,554,368 – – – – 1,554,368
Property and equipment – – – – – 16,577,000 16,577,000
Investments in subsidiaries and
an associate – – – – – 801,838 801,838
Investment properties – – – – – 24,882,076 24,882,076
Deferred tax assets – – – – – 1,847,258 1,847,258
Other assets – – – – – 9,837,253 9,837,253
Total Assets P1,137,835 P1,554,368 P144,008,627 P42,824,810 P– P53,945,425 P243,471,065
(Forward)
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 75
Consolidated
2006
Financial instruments
Fair Value Held-to- Available- Other Other
Through Maturity Loans and for-Sale Financial Non-financial
Profit or Loss Investments Receivables Investments Liabilities Items Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
LIABILITIES
Deposit liabilities P– P– P– P– P181,667,692 P– P181,667,692
Bills and acceptances payable – – – – 10,955,948 – 10,955,948
Accrued taxes, interest and
other expenses – – – – 2,575,054 2,324,373 4,899,427
Subordinated debt – – – – 8,389,297 – 8,389,297
Other liabilities 6,633 – – – 10,167,060 2,628,733 12,802,426
Total Liabilities P6,633 P– P– P– P213,755,051 P4,953,106 P218,714,790
Parent Company
2006
Financial instruments
Fair Value Held-to- Available- Other Other
Through Maturity Loans and for-Sale Financial Non-financial
Profit or Loss Investments Receivables Investments Liabilities Items Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
ASSETS
Cash and other cash items P– P– P4,753,539 P– P– P– P4,753,539
Due from BSP – – 12,566,759 – – – 12,566,759
Due from other banks – – 2,314,288 – – – 2,314,288
Interbank loans receivable – – 22,093,537 – – – 22,093,537
SPURA – – P15,700,000 – – – P15,700,000
Financial assets at FVPL 1,109,137 – – – – – 1,109,137
Loans and receivables – – 81,465,282 – – – 81,465,282
Receivable from SPV – – 1,361,074 – – – 1,361,074
AFS investments – – – 40,822,339 – – 40,822,339
HTM investments – 1,420,044 – – – – 1,420,044
Property and equipment – – – – – 16,510,735 16,510,735
Investments in subsidiaries and
an associate – – – – – 5,439,520 5,439,520
Investment properties – – – – – 24,803,748 24,803,748
Deferred tax assets – – – – – 1,794,291 1,794,291
Other assets – – – – – 9,499,902 9,499,902
Total Assets P1,109,137 P1,420,044 P140,254,479 P40,822,339 P– P58,048,196 P241,654,195
LIABILITIES
Deposit liabilities P– P– P– P– P183,732,964 P– P183,732,964
Bills and acceptances payable – – – – 10,361,715 – 10,361,715
Accrued taxes, interest and
other expenses – – – – 2,579,782 2,244,029 4,823,811
Subordinated debt – – – – 8,389,297 – 8,389,297
Other liabilities 6,633 – – – 9,517,601 1,557,603 11,081,837
Total Liabilities P6,633 P– P– P– P214,581,359 P3,801,632 P218,389,624
The methods and assumptions used by the Group in estimating the fair value of the financial instruments are:
Cash equivalents and short-term investments - Carrying amounts approximate fair values due to the relatively short-term maturity of these
investments.
Debt securities - Fair values are generally based upon quoted market prices. If the market prices are not readily available, fair values are
estimated using either values obtained from independent parties offering pricing services or adjusted quoted market prices of comparable
investments or using the discounted cash flow methodology.
76 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Quoted equity securities - Fair values are based on quoted prices published in markets.
Unquoted equity securities - Fair values could not be reliably determined due to the unpredictable nature of future cash flows and the lack of
suitable methods of arriving at a reliable fair value.
Loans and receivables - For loans with fixed interest rates, fair values are estimated by discounted cash flow methodology, using the Group’s
lending rates for similar types of loans. For loans with floating interest rates, with repricing frequencies on a regular basis, the Group assumes
that the carrying amount approximates fair value. Where the repricing frequency is beyond three months, the fair value of floating rate loans
is determined using the discounted cash flow methodologies.
Liabilities - Fair values of quoted debt instruments are based on quotes obtained from an independent pricing service. For unquoted instruments,
fair values are estimated using the discounted cash flow methodology using the Group’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar
borrowings with maturities consistent with those remaining for the liability being valued. Except for subordinated notes, the carrying values
approximate fair values due to either the presence of a demand feature or the relatively short-term maturities of these liabilities.
Derivative instruments - Fair values are estimated based on quoted market prices, prices provided by independent parties or acceptable
valuation models.
The following tables summarize the carrying amounts and fair values of the financial assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2007:
Consolidated
Fair Market Value
Valuation Valuation
Quoted Technique Technique
Carrying Market (Market (Market Non-
Value Price Observable) observable) Cost Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Financial Assets
COCI and due from BSP P32,734,733 P– P– P– P32,734,733 P32,734,733
Due from other banks 3,962,000 – – – 3,962,000 3,962,000
Interbank loans receivable 13,197,201 – – – 13,197,201 13,197,201
Securities held under
agreements to resell 11,200,000 – – – 11,200,000 11,200,000
Financial assets at FVPL:
Government securities 1,963,207 1,963,207 – – – 1,963,207
Derivative assets 1,173,297 – 1,173,297 – – 1,173,297
Equity securities 78,731 78,731 – – – 78,731
Loans and receivables:
Business loans 36,640,171 – – 8,754,979 28,309,746 37,064,725
GOCCs and NGAs 11,303,641 – – 241,187 11,050,631 11,291,818
LGUs 5,312,104 – – 8,360 5,304,512 5,312,872
Unquoted debt securities 8,304,396 4,806,436 4,239,219 9,045,655
Consumers 3,954,387 – – 1,163,745 2,887,254 4,050,999
Fringe benefits 858,573 – – 760,202 98,371 858,573
Others 10,201,759 – – 2,393,289 8,253,429 10,646,718
Receivables from SPV 726,095 – – – 726,095 726,095
AFS investments:
Government securities 32,310,169 32,190,796 – 119,373 – 32,310,169
Other debt securities 11,767,435 438,132 9,172,819 2,156,484 – 11,767,435
Equity securities 743,918 421,787 – – 322,130 743,917
HTM investments:
Government securities 446,054 450,433 – – – 450,433
(Forward)
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 77
Consolidated
Fair Market Value
Valuation Valuation
Quoted Technique Technique
Carrying Market (Market (Market Non-
Value Price Observable) observable) Cost Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Financial Liabilities
Deposit liabilities:
Demand P 20,167,642 P– P– P– P20,167,642 P20,167,642
Savings 137,315,472 – – – 137,315,472 137,315,472
Time 21,328,855 – – – 21,328,855 21,328,855
Bills and acceptances payable:
BSP and local bank 2,456,145 – – – 2,456,145 2,456,145
Foreign banks 1,002,912 – – – 1,002,912 1,002,912
PDIC and others 420,530 – – – 420,530 420,530
Acceptances outstanding 419,507 – – – 419,507 419,507
Subordinated debt 8,416,424 – – 9,265,602 – 9,265,602
Accrued interest payable 2,053,372 – – – 2,053,372 2,053,372
Other liabilities 10,391,153 – 67,612 – 10,323,541 10,391,153
Parent Company
Fair Market Value
Valuation Valuation
Quoted Technique Technique
Carrying Market (Market (Market Non-
Value Price Observable) observable) Cost Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Financial Assets
COCI and due from BSP P32,693,525 P– P– P– P32,693,525 P32,693,525
Due from other banks 2,859,908 – – – 2,859,908 2,859,908
Interbank loans receivable 12,824,611 – – – 12,824,611 12,824,611
Securities held under
agreements to resell 11,200,000 – – – 11,200,000 11,200,000
Financial assets at FVPL:
Government securities 1,963,207 1,963,207 – – – 1,963,207
Derivative assets 1,173,297 – 1,173,297 – – 1,173,297
Equity securities 57,582 57,582 – – – 57,582
Loans and receivables:
Business loans 35,299,961 – – 8,754,979 27,112,334 35,867,313
GOCCs and NGAs 11,303,641 – – 241,187 11,050,631 11,291,818
LGUs 5,312,104 – – 8,360 5,304,512 5,312,872
Unquoted debt securities 8,304,396 4,806,436 4,239,219 9,045,665
Consumers 3,719,148 – – 1,028,834 2,711,378 3,740,212
Fringe benefits 858,573 – – 760,202 98,371 858,573
Others 8,364,201 – – 2,393,289 6,349,876 8,743,165
Receivables from SPV 726,095 – – – 726,095 726,095
AFS investments:
Government securities 31,712,872 31,714,279 – – – 31,714,279
Other debt securities 11,584,565 256,233 9,169,641 2,156,484 – 11,582,358
Equity securities 664,390 344,760 – – 319,630 664,390
HTM investments:
Government securities 362,795 366,581 – – – 366,851
(Forward)
78 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Parent Company
Fair Market Value
Valuation Valuation
Quoted Technique Technique
Carrying Market (Market (Market Non-
Value Price Observable) observable) Cost Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Financial Liabilities
Deposit liabilities:
Demand P19,952,002 P– P– P– P19,952,002 P19,952,002
Savings 137,295,678 – – – 137,295,678 137,295,678
Time 23,642,993 – – – 23,642,993 23,642,993
Bills and acceptances payable:
BSP and local bank 1,748,311 – – – 1,748,311 1,748,311
Foreign banks 768,099 – – – 768,099 768,099
PDIC and others 538,531 – – – 538,531 538,531
Acceptances outstanding 419,507 – – – 419,507 419,507
Subordinated debt 8,416,424 – – 9,265,607 – 9,265,607
Accrued interest payable 2,046,474 – – – 2,046,474 2,046,474
Other liabilities 10,231,038 – 67,612 – 10,163,426 10,231,038
The following tables summarize the carrying amounts and fair values of the financial assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2006:
Consolidated
Fair Market Value
Valuation Valuation
Quoted Technique Technique
Carrying Market (Market (Market Non-
Value Price Observable) observable) Cost Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Financial Assets
COCI and due from BSP P17,386,914 P– P– P– P17,386,914 P17,386,914
Due from other banks 3,555,603 – – – 3,555,603 3,555,603
Interbank loans receivable 22,412,817 – – – 22,412,817 22,412,817
Securities held under
agreements to resell 15,700,000 – – – 15,700,000 15,700,000
Financial assets at FVPL:
Derivative assets 961,067 – 961,067 – – 961,067
Government securities 148,070 148,070 – – – 148,070
Equity securities 28,698 28,698 – – – 28,698
Loans and receivables:
Business loans 32,013,423 – – 7,815,571 23,704,956 31,520,527
GOCCs and NGAs 14,198,097 – – 2,019 14,195,837 14,197,856
LGUs 4,667,479 – – – 4,667,479 4,667,479
Consumers 3,244,321 – – 908,407 2,486,521 3,394,928
Fringe benefits 738,049 – – 426,702 90,264 516,966
Unquoted debt securities 19,519,655 3,967,563 15,534,780 19,502,343
Others 9,211,195 – – – 9,211,195 9,211,195
Receivables from SPV 1,361,074 – – – 1,361,074 1,361,074
AFS investments:
Government securities 28,225,866 26,422,845 – 1,803,021 – 28,225,866
Other debt securities 13,732,557 5,125,262 8,407,413 199,882 – 13,732,557
Equity securities 866,387 333,125 – – 533,262 866,387
HTM investments:
Government securities 1,485,616 1,692,927 – – – 1,692,927
Other debt securities 68,752 26,317 – – – 26,317
(Forward)
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 79
Consolidated
Fair Market Value
Valuation Valuation
Quoted Technique Technique
Carrying Market (Market (Market Non-
Value Price Observable) observable) Cost Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Financial Liabilities
Deposit liabilities:
Demand P17,867,651 P– P– P– P17,867,651 P17,867,651
Savings 140,233,120 – – – 140,233,120 140,233,120
Time 23,566,921 – – – 23,566,921 23,566,921
Bills and acceptances payable:
BSP and local bank 2,571,515 – – – 2,571,515 2,571,515
Foreign banks 1,425,893 – – – 1,425,893 1,425,893
PDIC and others 6,548,580 – – – 6,548,580 6,548,580
Acceptances outstanding 409,960 – – – 409,960 409,960
Subordinated debt 8,389,297 – – 9,588,439 – 9,588,439
Accrued interest payable 2,575,054 – – – 2,575,054 2,575,054
Other liabilities 10,173,693 – 6,633 – 10,167,060 10,173,693
Parent Company
Fair Market Value
Valuation Valuation
Quoted Technique Technique
Carrying Market (Market (Market Non-
Value Price Observable) observable) Cost Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Financial Assets
COCI and due from BSP P17,320,298 P– P– P– P17,320,298 P17,320,298
Due from other banks 2,314,288 – – – 2,314,288 2,314,288
Interbank loans receivable 22,093,537 – – – 22,093,537 22,093,537
Securities held under
agreements to resell 15,700,000 – – – 15,700,000 15,700,000
Financial assets at FVPL:
Derivative assets 961,067 – 961,067 – – 961,067
Government securities 148,070 148,070 – – – 148,070
Loans and receivables:
Business loans 30,630,776 – – 6,664,637 23,541,416 30,206,053
GOCCs and NGAs 14,198,097 – – 2,019 14,195,837 14,197,856
LGUs 4,667,479 – – – 4,667,479 4,667,479
Consumers 2,949,885 – – 908,407 2,192,084 3,100,491
Fringe benefits 732,898 – – 426,702 85,113 511,815
Unquoted debt instruments 19,519,655 – – 3,967,563 15,534,780 19,502,343
Others 8,766,492 – – – 8,766,492 8,766,492
Receivables from SPV 1,361,074 – – – 1,361,074 1,361,074
AFS investments:
Government securities 26,516,171 25,109,206 – 1,406,965 – 26,516,171
Other debt securities 13,506,146 – 11,571,417 1,934,729 – 13,506,146
Equity securities 800,022 269,260 – – 530,762 800,022
HTM investments:
Government securities 1,420,044 1,584,920 – – – 1,584,920
(Forward)
80 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Parent Company
Fair Market Value
Valuation Valuation
Quoted Technique Technique
Carrying Market (Market (Market Non-
Value Price Observable) observable) Cost Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Financial Liabilities
Deposit liabilities:
Demand P17,823,367 P– P– P– P17,823,367 P17,823,367
Savings 140,085,759 – – – 140,085,759 140,085,759
Time 25,823,838 – – – 25,823,838 25,823,838
Bills and acceptances payable:
BSP and local bank 2,072,515 – – – 2,072,515 2,072,515
Foreign banks 1,140,888 – – – 1,140,888 1,140,888
PDIC and others 6,738,352 – – – 6,738,352 6,738,352
Acceptances outstanding 409,960 – – – 409,960 409,960
Subordinated debt 8,389,297 – – 9,588,439 – 9,588,439
Accrued interest payable 2,579,782 – – – 2,579,782 2,579,782
Other liabilities 9,524,434 – 6,633 – 9,517,601 9,524,434
The discount rates used in estimating the fair value of loans and receivables ranges from 6.50% to 12.00% in 2007 and 7.94% to 12.00%
in 2006.
7. Segment Information
Business Segments
The Group’s operating businesses are determined and managed separately according to the nature of services provided and the different
markets served with each segment representing a strategic business unit. The Group’s business segments follow:
Retail Banking - principally handling individual customer’s deposits, and providing consumer type loans, credit card facilities and fund transfer
facilities
Corporate Banking - principally handling loans and other credit facilities and deposit accounts for corporate and institutional customers
Treasury - principally providing money market, trading and treasury services, as well as the management of the Group’s funding operations by
use of T-bills, government securities and placements and acceptances with other banks, through treasury and wholesale banking
These segments are the bases on which the Group reports its primary segment information. Other operations of the Group comprise of the
operations and financial control groups. Transactions between segments are conducted at estimated market rates on an arm’s length basis.
Interest is credited to or charged against business segments based on a pool rate which approximates the marginal cost of funds.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 81
2006
Retail Banking Corporate Banking Treasury Others Total
Gross income P3,153,057 P5,964,411 P9,272,896 P1,782,615 P20,172,979
Segment result P744,233 P1,524,341 P3,008,677 P356,997 P5,634,248
Unallocated expenses 3,881,540
Income from operations before tax 1,752,708
Provision for income tax (932,679 )
Minority interest (5,594 )
Net income for the year attributable to equity
holders of the Parent Company P814,435
Other Information
Segment assets P29,588,781 P70,393,516 P80,011,081 P31,342,309 P211,335,687
Unallocated assets 32,135,378
Total assets P243,471,065
Segment liabilities P26,305,449 P62,582,268 P71,132,617 P27,864,396 P187,884,730
Unallocated liabilities 30,830,060
Total liabilities P218,714,790
Other Segment Information
Capital expenditures P272,729 P6,144 P380 P24,370 P303,623
Unallocated capital expenditures 214,551
Total capital expenditures P518,174
Depreciation and amortization P273,198 P373,412 P14,876 P47,700 P709,186
Unallocated depreciation and amortization 402,178
Total depreciation and amortization P1,111,364
Provision for impairment and credit losses P2,802,283
82 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
2005
Retail Banking Corporate Banking Treasury Others Total
Gross income P3,253,014 P5,700,770 P6,593,889 P2,002,811 P17,550,484
Segment result P1,895,821 P824,859 P2,264,326 P805,175 P5,790,181
Unallocated expenses 3,270,917
Income from operations before tax 2,519,264
Provision for income tax (1,891,726)
Minority interest (6,617)
Net income for the year attributable to equity
holders of the Parent Company P620,921
Other Information
Segment assets P31,222,190 P78,238,539 P67,164,137 P26,468,019 P203,092,885
Unallocated assets 19,565,365
Total assets P222,658,250
Segment liabilities P27,783,779 P69,622,352 P59,767,542 P23,553,171 P180,726,844
Unallocated liabilities 19,022,134
Total liabilities P199,748,978
Other Segment Information
Capital expenditures P259,386 P8,519 P2,044 P30,743 P300,692
Unallocated capital expenditures 215,198
Total capital expenditures P515,890
Depreciation and amortization P181,717 P9,997 P41,540 P10,664 P243,918
Unallocated depreciation and amortization 556,534
Total depreciation and amortization P800,452
Provision for impairment and credit losses P504,213
Geographical Segments
Although the Group’s businesses are managed on a worldwide basis, the Group operates in five (5) principal geographical areas of the world.
The distribution of assets, liabilities, credit commitments items and revenues by geographic region of the Group as of December 31, 2007 and
2006 follows (amounts in thousand pesos):
The Philippines is the home country of the Parent Company, which is also the main operating company. The Group offers a wide range of
financial services as discussed in Note 1. Additionally, most of the remittance services are managed and conducted in Asia, Canada, USA and
United Kingdom.
Government securities include unrealized loss of P9.4 million and P1.1 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, for the Group
and the Parent Company.
For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the effective interest rates of government securities range from 6.26% to 10.63% and
4.10% to 9.65%, respectively.
Equity securities include unrealized gain of P3.5 million and P1.0 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, for the Group.
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, 82.59% and 57.48%, respectively, of the total loans receivables of the Parent Company were subject
to periodic interest repricing. Remaining receivables carry annual fixed interest rates ranging from 8.65% to 13.26% in 2007 and 5.25% to
13.26% in 2006 for foreign currency-denominated receivables, and from 5.00% to 22.00% in 2007 5.75% to 22.75% in 2006 for peso-
denominated receivables.
84 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Sales contract receivables bear fixed interest rate per annum of 0.58% to 26.00% in 2007 and 0.58% to 21% in 2006.
The effective interest rates of ‘Loans receivable’, ‘Unquoted debt instruments’ and ‘Sales contract receivables’ range from 5.43% to 10.68%
in 2007 and 5.67% to 10.69% in 2006 for foreign currency-denominated receivables, and from 3.29% to 18.29% in 2007 and 5.51% to
18.84% in 2006 for peso-denominated receivables.
BSP Circular 520 dated March 20, 2006 requires that the difference between the selling price and the carrying value of investment properties
sold under installment should be recognized in profit or loss at the date of sale. Accordingly, the Parent Company reversed the outstanding
deferred income and credits representing the unrealized gain on sale of investment properties amounting to P750.0 million and credited to the
beginning balance of deficit, net of deferred income tax amounting to P225.0 million.
In 2004, the Parent Company sold the outstanding loans receivable of P5.3 billion from National Steel Corporation (NSC) to SPV companies
under the provisions of RA No. 9182. In consideration for such sale, the Parent Company received zero-coupon notes and cash totaling P4.2
billion. In accordance with the BSP Memorandum dated February 16, 2004, Accounting Guidelines on the Sale of Nonperforming Assets (NPAs)
to Special Purpose Vehicles, the P1.6 billion allowance for impairment losses previously provided for the NSC loans receivable was released by
the Parent Company to cover additional allowance for credit and impairment losses required for other existing NPAs and other risk assets of
the Parent Company. With the release of such allowance, the loss on the sale of the NSC loans receivable to the SPV amounting to P1.1 billion
representing the difference between the carrying value of the receivables and consideration received was deferred by the Parent Company as
allowed under the regulations issued by the BSP for banks and financial institutions availing of the provisions of RA No. 9182 (see Note 15).
Unquoted debt instruments include the zero-coupon notes received by the Parent Company on October 15, 2004, as discussed above, at
the principal amount of P803.5 million (Tranche A Note) payable in five (5) years and at the principal amount of P3.4 billion (Tranche B Note)
payable in eight (8) years in exchange for the outstanding loans receivable from NSC of P5.3 billion. The notes are secured by a first ranking
mortgage and security interest over the NSC plant assets. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, these notes had a carrying value of P2.7 billion
and P2.2 billion, respectively.
In 2005, the Parent Company sold another pool of NPL with outstanding balance of P4.7 billion. Upon adoption of PAS 39 on January 1, 2005,
the Parent Company did not set up allowance for credit losses on the NPLs sold to SPV since it availed of the provisions of RA No. 9182 in the
recognition of the loss from sale of P4.3 billion (see Note 15). This loss was deferred and amortized over 10 years.
In 2006, the Parent Company entered into a sale and purchase agreement for the sale of certain NPLs and foreclosed properties booked under
‘Investment properties’. The loss on sale amounting to P1.9 billion was deferred and amortized over 10 years as allowed under RA No. 9182.
As part of this sale and purchase agreement, another pool of NPLs was sold in 2007. As allowed by the regulatory accounting policies
prescribed by the BSP for banks and financial institutions availing of the provisions of RA No. 9182, the additional required allowance for credit
losses on these NPLs amounting to P1.3 billion was not recognized in the financial statements as of December 31, 2006 since upon sale in
March 2007, the loss was deferred and amortized over 10 years (see Notes 10 and 15).
Under RA No. 9182, losses on sale of NPL to SPV companies can be amortized over 10 years based on the following schedule:
Cumulative Write-down of
End of Period From Date of Transaction Deferred Charges
Year 1 5%
Year 2 10%
Year 3 15%
Year 4 25%
Year 5 35%
Year 6 45%
Year 7 55%
Year 8 70%
Year 9 85%
Year 10 100%
For the purpose of computing the Parent Company’s regular corporate income tax, the loss is treated as an ordinary loss and will be carried over
as a deduction from the Parent Company’s taxable income for five consecutive taxable years immediately following the year of sale.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 85
Had the impairment losses been charged against operations as required by PFRS, deferred charges and equity would have decreased by
P7.7 billion as of December 31, 2007 and deferred charges and equity would have decreased by P6.9 billion and P8.2 billion, respectively, and
allowance for credit losses would have increased by P1.3 billion as of December 31, 2006. The 2006 net income would have decreased by
P3.2 billion and 2005 net income would have increased by P124.8 million.
For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, the amortization of the loss on sale of NPAs amounting to P413.9 million,
P267.9 million and P54.0 million, respectively, was charged to deficit.
As discussed in Note 10, as allowed by the BSP regulatory reporting rules, the Group did not consolidate the accounts of the SPV that acquired
the NPAs sold in 2007 and 2006. PFRS requires such consolidation.
a. Twelve-year peso-denominated bonds with face value amounting to P11.2 billion. These bonds, with an original amount of P24.3 billion,
were issued by the NG in settlement of the Parent Company’s claims from NG. These bonds, P1.0 billion and P10.2 billion which matured
on July 1, 2007 and August 1, 2007, respectively, were eligible as part of the liquidity cover requirements on government deposits.
As of December 31, 2006, these bonds were pledged as collateral to secure the Parent Company’s borrowing from PDIC (see Note 18).
b. Bonds issued by Philippine Sugar Corporation (PSC) amounting to P2.8 billion. The bonds carry an annual interest rate of 4.00% and will
mature in 2014. The full repayment of principal and accumulated interest to maturity is guaranteed by a sinking fund managed by the
Parent Company’s Trust Banking Group (TBG). As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the net asset value of the sinking fund amounted to
P4.1 billion and P3.9 billion, respectively, earning an average rate of return of 7.77% per annum. Management expects that the value of
the sinking fund in the year 2014 will be more than adequate to cover the full redemption value of PSC bonds.
On November 27, 1997, Maybank Philippines, Inc. (Maybank) and the Parent Company signed a deed of assignment transferring to the Parent
Company certain Maybank assets (included under ‘Accounts receivables’) and liabilities amounting to P1.9 billion and P1.3 billion, respectively,
in connection with the sale of the Parent Company’s 60.00% equity in Maybank. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the balance of these
receivables amounting to P1.7 billion and P2.0 billion, respectively, which is included under ‘Loans and receivables’, may be offset against the
equivalent amount of transferred liabilities (included under ‘Bills payable to BSP and local banks’ - see Note 18). The excess of the transferred
receivables over the transferred liabilities is fully covered by an allowance for credit losses amounting to P39.3 million and P40.9 million as of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The remaining equity ownership of the Parent Company in Maybank was sold in June 2000 (see
Note 29).
Miscellaneous receivables include assets previously transferred to the NG as part of the Parent Company’s rehabilitation in 1986. These
receivables were repurchased by the Parent Company in 1992 from the NG at a discount and are mostly secured by real estate mortgages.
These receivables are likewise fully covered by allowance for credit losses amounting to P147.4 million and P172.6 million as of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
BSP Reporting
The information relating to loans receivables as to secured and unsecured and as to collateral follows:
Consolidated
2007 2006
Amount % Amount %
( In Thousand Pesos)
Secured:
Real estate mortgage P21,148,948 32.64 P24,094,623 38.74
Chattel mortgage 3,484,198 5.38 3,313,479 5.33
Bank deposit hold-out 967,825 1.49 1,413,766 2.27
Shares of stocks 588,506 0.91 1,218,750 1.96
Others 1,707,473 2.64 6,708,757 10.79
27,896,950 43.06 36,749,375 59.09
Unsecured 36,891,505 56.94 25,438,578 40.91
P64,788,455 100.00 P62,187,953 100.00
86 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Parent Company
2007 2006
Amount % Amount %
(In Thousand Pesos)
Secured:
Real estate mortgage P21,088,999 33.55 P24,015,647 39.83
Chattel mortgage 1,963,517 3.12 2,643,098 4.38
Bank deposit hold-out 866,343 1.38 1,319,105 2.19
Shares of stocks 588,506 0.94 1,218,750 2.02
Others 1,706,302 2.71 5,848,232 9.70
26,213,667 41.70 35,044,832 58.12
Unsecured 36,643,918 58.30 25,251,645 41.88
P62,857,585 100.00 P60,296,477 100.00
Generally, NPLs refer to loans whose principal and/or interest is unpaid for thirty (30) days or more after due date or after they have become
past due in accordance with existing BSP rules and regulations. This shall apply to loans payable in lump sum and loans payable in quarterly,
semi-annual, or annual installments, in which case, the total outstanding balance thereof shall be considered nonperforming.
In the case of loans that are payable in monthly installments, the total outstanding balance thereof shall be considered nonperforming when
three (3) or more installments are in arrears.
In the case of loans that are payable in daily, weekly, or semi-monthly installments, the total outstanding balance thereof shall be considered
nonperforming at the same time that they become past due in accordance with existing BSP regulations, i.e., the entire outstanding balance of
the receivable shall be considered as past due when the total amount of arrearages reaches ten percent (10.00%) of the total loan balance.
Loans are classified as nonperforming in accordance with BSP regulations, or when, in the opinion of management, collection of interest
or principal is doubtful. Loans are not reclassified as performing until interest and principal payments are brought current or the loans are
restructured in accordance with existing BSP regulations, and future payments appear assured.
Loans which do not meet the requirements to be treated as performing loans shall also be considered as NPLs. Current banking regulations
allow banks that have no unbooked valuation reserves and capital adjustments to exclude from nonperforming classification those loans
classified as Loss in the latest examination of the BSP which are fully covered by allowance for credit losses, provided that interest on said
receivables shall not be accrued.
The details of the NPL of the Group and the Parent Company follow:
Most of these loans are secured mainly by real estate or chattel mortgages.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 87
Restructured loans of the Group and the Parent Company as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 amounted to P9.6 billion and P14.5 billion,
respectively.
Interest income on loans and receivables for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 consists of:
Interest income accrued on impaired loans and receivable amounted to P436.15 million and P932.5 million for the years ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Receivables from SPV represent the present value of the note received by the Parent Company from the sale of the first pool of NPAs to an SPV
on December 29, 2006. The asset sale and purchase agreements (ASPA) were executed on December 19, 2006. The BSP issued the certificate
of eligibility on January 31, 2007. However, the BSP confirmed that this transaction qualified as a true sale under RA No. 9182 and that the
NPAs may be derecognized already from its books as of December 31, 2006.
a. Certain NPAs of the Parent Company will be sold to the SPV and divided into two pools. The sale of the first pool of NPAs with an
outstanding balance of P11.7 billion was made on December 29, 2006 for a total consideration of P11.7 billion. The sale of the second
pool was completed on March 30, 2007 for a total consideration of P7.6 billion.
b. The agreed purchase price of the first pool of NPAs shall be paid as follows:
i. An initial amount of P1.1 billion (included in ‘Accounts receivable’ as of December 31, 2006), which was received in full and
acknowledged by the Parent Company on February 14, 2007; and
ii. The balance of P10.6 billion, through issuance of SPV Notes, shall be paid over five (5) years based on a cash flow waterfall arrangement
and at an interest equivalent to the 3-month MART prevailing as of the end of the quarter prior to the payment date.
As of December 31, 2007, Receivables from SPV is net of allowance for credit losses amounting to P683.0 million (see Note 16).
The Parent Company availed of the incentives provided under RA No. 9182 in the recognition of loss from the sale amounting to P1.9 billion
(included in deferred charges under ‘Other assets’). Under RA No. 9182, the loss on sale of NPAs to SPV companies can be amortized over 10
years (see Note 9).
Under the ASPA, the sale of the second pool of NPAs amounting to P7.6 billion with allowance for credit losses of P5.5 billion became effective
in March 2007. The BSP confirmed in its letter dated February 28, 2007 that these NPAs qualify as a true sale under RA No. 9182 as of
December 31, 2006. The agreed purchase price of this pool of NPAs shall be paid as follows:
a. An initial amount of P751.1 million which was received in full and acknowledged by the Parent Company on April 26, 2007; and
b. The balance of P6.8 billion through issuance of SPV Notes, shall be paid over five (5) years based on a cash flow waterfall arrangement
and at an interest equivalent to the 3-month MART prevailing as of the end of the quarter prior to the payment date.
88 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
As discussed in Note 9, since the Parent Company again availed of the incentives mentioned above, the loss amounting to P1.3 billion was
amortized over 10 years. The sale of the NPAs to the SPV qualified for derecognition under BSP regulatory reporting rules. However, PFRS
requires that the accounts of the SPV that acquired the NPA of the Parent Company should be consolidated into the Group’s accounts. Had
the accounts of the SPV been consolidated into the Group’s accounts, total assets and liabilities would have increased by P2.0 billion and
P1.9 billion, respectively, and minority interest in equity of consolidated entities would have decreased by P28.8 million as of December 31, 2007.
As of December 31, 2006, total assets and minority interest in equity of consolidated entities would have increased by P30.0 million.
Unquoted AFS equity securities as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 amounted to P322.1 million and P533.3 million, respectively, for the Group
and P319.6 million and P530.8 million, respectively, for the Parent Company.
Unrealized gain on AFS investments amounted to P888.8 million and P809.8 million as of December 31, 2007 for the Group and the Parent
Company, respectively. Unrealized gain on AFS investments amounted to P862.2 million and P819.8 million as of December 31, 2006 for the
Group and the Parent Company, respectively.
Effective interest rates range from 3.90% to 11.85% and 3.39% to 9.28% for peso-denominated and foreign currency-denominated AFS
investments, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2007. Effective interest rates range from 4.50% to 17.58% and 3.33% to 9.17%
for peso-denominated and foreign currency-denominated AFS investments, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Effective interest rates range from 10.38% and 5.81% to 6.49% for peso-denominated and foreign currency-denominated HTM investments,
respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2007. Effective interest rate for peso-denominated HTM investments is 7.75% and ranges from
5.19% to 8.87% for foreign currency-denominated HTM investments for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Interest income on trading and investment securities for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 consists of:
Trading and investment securities gains - net for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 consists of:
In view of the increased risk-weights of foreign currency denominated national government bonds under the new risk-based capital adequacy
framework (BSP Circular 538), BSP and PAS 39 allow banks to reclassify their portfolio booked under HTM investments to AFS investments and
be exempted from the “tainting rule” provision. The Parent Company has transferred a total of $23.0 million worth of ROP bonds from HTM
investments to AFS investments in February 2007.
The composition of and changes in furniture, fixtures and equipment and leasehold improvements follow:
Consolidated
2007
Furniture,
Fixtures and Leasehold
Equipment Improvements Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Cost
Balance at beginning of year P2,603,625 P223,391 P2,827,016
Additions 503,882 33,010 536,892
Disposals (344,646 ) (24,929 ) (369,575 )
Balance at end of year 2,762,861 231,472 2,994,333
Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization
Balance at beginning of year 1,975,338 121,497 2,096,835
Depreciation and amortization 204,694 30,823 235,517
Disposals (142,443 ) (17,386 ) (159,829 )
Balance at end of year 2,037,589 134,934 2,172,523
Net Book Value at End of Year P725,272 P96,538 P821,810
90 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Consolidated
2006
Furniture,
Fixtures and Leasehold
Equipment Improvements Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Cost
Balance at beginning of year P3,130,447 P176,822 P3,307,269
Additions 309,316 27,257 336,573
Disposals/others (836,138 ) 19,312 (816,826 )
Balance at end of year 2,603,625 223,391 2,827,016
Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization
Balance at beginning of year 2,437,301 81,091 2,518,392
Depreciation and amortization 200,913 18,681 219,594
Disposals/others (662,876 ) 21,725 (641,151 )
Balance at end of year 1,975,338 121,497 2,096,835
Net Book Value at End of Year P628,287 P101,894 P730,181
Parent Company
2007
Furniture,
Fixtures and Leasehold
Equipment Improvements Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Cost
Balance at beginning of year P2,391,005 P140,157 P2,531,162
Additions 441,832 21,243 463,075
Disposals/others (309,152 ) (702 ) (309,854 )
Balance at end of year 2,523,685 160,698 2,684,383
Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization
Balance at beginning of year P1,810,126 P57,120 P1,867,246
Depreciation and amortization 181,656 21,926 203,582
Disposals (100,993 ) 35 (100,958 )
Balance at end of year 1,890,789 79,081 1,969,870
Net Book Value at End of Year P632,896 P81,617 P714,513
Parent Company
2006
Furniture,
Fixtures and Leasehold
Equipment Improvements Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Cost
Balance at beginning of year P2,893,249 P118,140 P3,011,389
Additions 293,024 22,017 315,041
Disposals (795,268 ) – (795,268)
Balance at end of year 2,391,005 140,157 2,531,162
Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization
Balance at beginning of year 2,272,372 38,672 2,311,044
Depreciation and amortization 156,900 18,448 175,348
Disposals (619,146 ) – (619,146 )
Balance at end of year 1,810,126 57,120 1,867,246
Net Book Value at End of Year P580,879 P83,037 P663,916
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 91
Consolidated
2006
Land Buildings Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Appraised Value
Balance at beginning of year P10,404,098 P5,712,302 P16,116,400
Appraisal increase 838,200 577,247 1,415,447
Additions 156,000 25,601 181,601
Disposals (155,592 ) (11,139 ) (166,731 )
Balance at end of year 11,242,706 6,304,011 17,546,717
Accumulated Depreciation
Balance at beginning of year – 1,250,113 1,250,113
Depreciation – 145,353 145,353
Disposals – (2,494 ) (2,494 )
Balance at end of year – 1,392,972 1,392,972
Allowance for Impairment Loss (Note 16) 264,388 42,538 306,926
Net Book Value at End of Year P10,978,318 P4,868,501 P15,846,819
Parent Company
2007
Land Buildings Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Appraised Value
Balance at beginning of year P11,242,706 P6,304,011 P17,546,717
Additions – 10,295 10,295
Disposals (928 ) (747 ) (1,675 )
Balance at end of year 11,241,778 6,313,559 17,555,337
Accumulated Depreciation
Balance at beginning of year – 1,392,972 1,392,972
Depreciation – 167,795 167,795
Disposals/others – 5,775 5,775
Balance at end of year – 1,566,542 1,566,542
Allowance for Impairment Losses (Note 16) 264,388 42,538 306,926
Net Book Value at End of Year P10,977,390 P4,704,479 P15,681,869
92 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Parent Company
2006
Land Buidings Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Appraised Value
Balance at beginning of year P10,404,098 P5,705,468 P16,109,566
Appraisal increase 838,200 574,668 1,412,868
Additions 156,000 25,601 181,601
Disposals/others (155,592 ) (1,726 ) (157,318 )
Balance at end of year 11,242,706 6,304,011 17,546,717
Accumulated Depreciation
Balance at beginning of year – 1,247,253 1,247,253
Depreciation – 145,326 145,326
Disposals/others – 393 393
Balance at end of year – 1,392,972 1,392,972
Allowance for Impairment Loss (Note 16) 264,388 42,538 306,926
Net Book Value at End of Year P10,978,318 P4,868,501 P15,846,819
Depreciation on the revaluation increment of the buildings amounted to P77.7 million, P57.3 million and P55.7 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively, for the Parent Company.
Depreciation and amortization expense, inclusive of the depreciation on revaluation increment of the buildings, charged against operations of
the Group amounted to P403.3 million, P365.0 million and P550.6 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and P371.4 million in 2007,
P320.7 million in 2006 and P524.6 million in 2005 for the Parent Company. Had the land and buildings been carried at cost, the net book
value of the land and buildings would have been P4.8 billion and P4.9 billion as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, for the Group
and Parent Company.
As discussed in Note 2, the SEC approved on November 7, 2002 the application of the accumulated translation adjustment of P1.6 billion
to eliminate the Parent Company’s remaining deficit of P1.3 billion as of December 31, 2001, after applying the total reduction in par value
amounting to P7.6 billion. The SEC approval is subject to the following conditions: (a) remaining translation adjustment of P310.7 million as
of December 31, 2001 (shown as part of Capital Paid in Excess of Par Value) will not be used to wipe out losses that may be incurred in the
future without prior approval of SEC; and (b) for purposes of dividend declaration, any future surplus account of the Parent Company shall be
restricted to the extent of the deficit wiped out by the translation adjustment.
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, acquisition cost of the investments in the Parent Company financial statements include the translation
adjustment and accumulated equity in net earnings, net of dividends subsequently received from the quasi-reorganization date, that were
closed to deficit on restructuring date.
The following table illustrates the summarized financial information of the Group’s investment in Beneficial - PNB Life Insurance Company,
Inc.:
2007 2006
(In Thousand Pesos)
Total assets P3,080,005 P3,008,088
Total liabilities 1,429,852 1,115,220
Total revenues 744,938 675,982
Net income (loss) (105,763 ) 115,748
Consolidated
2006
Building and
Land Improvements Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Cost
Balance at beginning of year P25,027,393 P7,799,810 P32,827,203
Additions 2,281,555 1,901,900 4,183,455
Disposals/others (5,177,237 ) (1,304,760 ) (6,481,997 )
Balance at end of year 22,131,711 8,396,950 30,528,661
Accumulated Depreciation and Impairment Losses
Balance at beginning of year 3,210,227 2,769,209 5,979,436
Depreciation – 746,417 746,417
Provision for impairment losses 642,616 13,030 655,646
Reversals/others – (1,734,914 ) (1,734,914 )
Balance at end of year 3,852,843 1,793,742 5,646,585
Net Book Value at End of Year P18,278,868 P6,603,208 P24,882,076
Parent Company
2007
Building and
Land Improvements Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Cost
Balance at beginning of year P22,131,135 P8,297,011 P30,428,146
Additions 3,971,196 575,711 4,546,907
Disposals/others 50,921 (1,250,108 ) (1,199,187 )
Balance at end of year 26,153,252 7,622,614 33,775,866
Accumulated Depreciation and Impairment Losses
Balance at beginning of year 3,852,691 1,771,707 5,624,398
Depreciation – 620,004 620,004
Provision for impairment losses 2,161,353 90,623 2,251,976
Reversal/others (533,076 ) 1,088,679 555,603
Balance at end of year 5,480,968 3,571,013 9,051,981
Net Book Value at End of Year P20,672,284 P4,051,601 P24,723,885
Parent Company
2006
Building and
Land Improvements Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Cost
Balance at beginning of year P25,026,817 P7,698,565 P32,725,382
Additions 2,281,555 1,901,900 4,183,455
Disposals/others (5,177,237 ) (1,303,454 ) (6,480,691 )
Balance at end of year 22,131,135 8,297,011 30,428,146
Accumulated Depreciation and Impairment Losses
Balance at beginning of year 3,210,075 2,750,286 5,960,361
Depreciation – 746,324 746,324
Provision for impairment losses 642,616 13,030 655,646
Reversal/others – (1,737,933 ) (1,737,933 )
Balance at end of year 3,852,691 1,771,707 5,624,398
Net Book Value at End of Year P18,278,444 P6,525,304 P24,803,748
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 95
The fair value of the investment properties as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 of the Group amounted to P37.8 billion and P34.4 billion,
respectively, of which P37.6 billion and P34.1 billion, respectively, pertains to the Parent Company as determined by independent and/or
in-house appraisers.
Deferred charges mainly represent the loss on sale to SPVs being amortized over 10 years as allowed by RA No. 9182 (see Notes 9 and 10).
Miscellaneous include exchange trading rights. Under the PSE rules, all exchange trading rights are pledged at its full value to the PSE to secure
the payment of all debts due to other members of the PSE arising out of or in connection with the present or future members’ contracts.
The carrying values of the investment in PSE shares and the exchange trading right in the accounts of PNB Securities were as follows:
2007 2006
(In Thousand Pesos)
AFS investments - 50,000 PSE shares P51,000 P14,000
Exchange trading rights 967 967
P51,967 P14,967
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the latest transacted price of the exchange trading right (as provided by the PSE) amounted to P8.0 million
and P5.0 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2007, the market value of the PSE shares based on quoted price is P1,020 per share.
Below is the breakdown of provision for credit losses by type of loans and receivable for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively.
Consolidated
2007 2006
Individual Collective Individual Collective
Impairment Impairment Total Impairment Impairment Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Loans receivables (P201,109 ) P287,444 P86,335 P2,219,175 (P406,519 ) P1,812,656
Unquoted debt instruments – – – (555,662 ) – (555,662 )
Others 362,647 – 362,647 908,639 – 908,639
P161,538 P287,444 P448,982 P2,572,152 (P406,519 ) P2,165,633
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 97
Parent Company
2007 2006
Individual Collective Individual Collective
Impairment Impairment Total Impairment Impairment Total
(In Thousand Pesos)
Loans receivables (P229,151 ) P287,444 P58,293 P2,173,994 (P406,519 ) P1,767,475
Unquoted debt instruments – – – (555,662 ) – (555,662 )
Others 361,502 – 361,502 886,274 – 886,274
P132,351 P287,444 P419,795 P2,504,606 (P406,519 ) P2,098,087
A reconciliation of the allowance for impairment losses for loans and receivables by class is as follows:
Consolidated
Unquoted
Business GOCCs Fringe Debt
loans and NGAs LGUs Consumers Benefits Instruments Others Total
( In Thousand Pesos)
Balance at beginning of year P6,320,199 P16,585 P10,955 P474,492 P35,003 P1,782,069 P4,857,920 P13,497,223
Provisions during the year (13,177 ) 122,458 (807 ) (22,536 ) 397 – 362,647 448,982
Accounts charged off,
transfers and others (280,853 ) – – (3,296 ) 2,242 (201,218 ) (1,060,639 ) (1,543,764 )
Accretion of impaired loans (418,723 ) – – (14,080 ) (2,242 ) – (1,108 ) (436,153 )
Balance at end of year P5,607,446 P139,043 P10,148 P434,580 P35,400 P1,580,851 P4,158,820 P11,966,288
Parent Company
Unquoted
Business GOCCs Fringe Debt
loans and NGAs LGUs Consumers Benefits Instruments Others Total
( In Thousand Pesos)
Balance at beginning of year P6,225,836 P16,585 P10,955 P397,525 P35,003 P1,782,069 P4,802,830 P13,270,803
Provisions during the year (24,007 ) 122,458 (807 ) (39,748 ) 397 – 361,502 419,795
Accounts charged off,
transfers and others (316,040 ) – – 14,080 2,241 (201,217 ) (1,070,399 ) (1,571,335 )
Accretion of impaired loans (418,724 ) – – (14,080 ) (2,241 ) – (1,108 ) (436,153 )
Balance at end of year P5,467,065 P139,043 P10,148 P357,777 P35,400 P1,580,852 P4,092,825 P11,683,110
Parent Company
Unquoted
Business GOCCs Fringe Debt
loans and NGAs LGUs Consumers Benefits Instruments Others Total
( In Thousand Pesos)
Balance at beginning of year P15,034,236 P188,337 P83,663 P342,854 P22,332 P2,291,555 P5,973,805 P23,936,782
Provisions during the year 1,944,593 (171,752 ) (72,708 ) 54,671 12,671 (555,662 ) 886,274 2,098,087
Accounts charged off,
transfers and others (9,834,884 ) – – 10,268 2,915 46,176 (2,056,005 ) (11,831,530 )
Accretion of impaired loans (918,109 ) – – (10,268 ) (2,915 ) – (1,244 ) (932,536 )
Balance at end of year P6,225,836 P16,585 P10,955 P397,525 P35,003 P1,782,069 P4,802,830 P13,270,803
Below is the movement of allowance for credit losses for AFS investments and NPAs to be sold to SPV for the Group and Parent Company:
2007 2006
AFS NPAs to be AFS NPAs to be
investments sold to SPV investments sold to SPV
(In Thousand Pesos)
Balance at beginning of year P445,428 P5,466,310 P122,846 P–
Provisions during the year 146,881 – – –
Disposals, transfers and others 27,090 (5,466,310 ) 322,582 5,466,310
Balance at end of year P619,399 P– P445,428 P5,466,310
Of the total deposit liabilities of the Parent Company, P7.6 billion and P7.4 billion as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, are
noninterest-bearing. Remaining deposit liabilities generally earned annual fixed interest rates ranging from 0.50% to 5.14% in 2007 and
from 0.50% to 5.13% in 2006 for foreign currency-denominated deposit liabilities, and from 0.50% to 13.94% in 2007 and 2006 for peso-
denominated deposit liabilities.
Under existing BSP regulations, non-FCDU deposit liabilities of the Parent Company are subject to liquidity reserves equivalent to 11.00% and
statutory reserves equivalent to 10.00%. Available reserves follow:
2007 2006
(In Thousand Pesos)
Cash on hand P3,594,104 P4,051,961
Due from BSP 27,961,521 12,566,759
Securities held under agreements to resell 11,200,000 15,700,000
AFS investments 3,733,032 10,383,733
P46,488,657 P42,702,453
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Parent Company was in compliance with such regulations.
As of December 31, 2007, 10.47% and 13.47% of the bills payable of the Group and the Parent Company, respectively, are subject to periodic
interest repricing. As of December 31, 2006, 70.31% and 70.70% of the bills payable of the Group and the Parent Company, respectively, are
subject to periodic interest repricing. The annual interest rates range from 4.68% to 6.08% for the year ended December 31, 2007 and from
3.70% to 6.19% for the year ended December 31, 2006 for foreign currency-denominated borrowings, and from 2.00% to 12.50% for the
year ended December 31, 2007 and from 3.50% to 12.00% for the year ended December 31, 2006 for peso-denominated borrowings for
the Group and the Parent Company.
The Parent Company’s bills payable to BSP includes the transferred liabilities from Maybank amounting to P1.9 billion as of December 31, 2007
and 2006 (see Note 9).
Under the MOA mentioned in Note 2, notes payable to BSP of P13.9 billion as of October 28, 2001 was assigned to PDIC. Such assignment
increased the Parent Company’s total obligation to PDIC to P23.9 billion. In October 2001, of the total obligation, (a) P10.0 billion was
settled thru “dacion en pago” of the Parent Company’s assets comprising loans to, and debt securities issued by various government entities,
(b) P7.8 billion was converted into convertible preferred shares of the Parent Company, and (c) the balance of P6.1 billion was converted into
a notes payable in ten years with interest of 91-day T-bill rate plus 1.00%.
On October 14, 2006, the Parent Company and PDIC amended the loan and mortgage agreement by way of substitution of collateral at the
request of the Parent Company. PDIC has agreed to release its mortgage lien on the real estate properties and in substitution, the Parent
Company assigned in favor of PDIC certain government securities with a face value of P6.2 billion as of December 31, 2006, (see Note 9). The
bills payable to PDIC was settled on June 19, 2007.
Bills payable - others also includes funding from the Development Bank of the Philippines, Land Bank of the Philippines and the Social Security
System under which the Parent Company acts as a conduit for certain financing programs of these institutions. Lending to such programs is
shown under ‘Loans and receivables’ (see Note 9).
On May 26, 2006 and August 3, 2006, the Parent Company’s BOD approved the issuance of unsecured subordinated notes of P5.5 billion that
qualify as Lower Tier 2 capital. The MB, in its Resolution Nos. 979 dated August 3, 2006 and 874 dated July 6, 2006, approved this issuance
subject to the Parent Company’s compliance with certain conditions.
Relative to this, on August 10, 2006, the Parent Company issued P5.5 billion, 10% subordinated notes (the 2006 Notes) due in 2016.
Among the significant terms and conditions of the issuance of such 2006 Notes are:
(b) The 2006 Notes bear interest at the rate of 10.00% per annum from and including August 10, 2006 to but excluding August 10, 2011.
Interest will be payable quarterly in arrears on the 10th of February, May, August and November of each year, commencing on August
10, 2006. Unless the 2006 Notes are previously redeemed, interest from and including August 10, 2011 to but excluding August 10, 2016
will be reset at the equivalent of the five-year Money Market Association of the Philippines 1 Fixed Rate Treasury Notes (MART1 FXTN) as
of reset date multiplied by 80.00%, plus a spread of 4.4935% per annum. The stepped-up interest will be payable quarterly in arrears
on February, May, August and November of each year, commencing on November 10, 2011;
(c) The 2006 Notes constitute direct, unconditional, unsecured and subordinated obligations of the Parent Company and at all times rank
pari passu without preference among themselves and at least equally with all other present and future unsecured and subordinated
obligations of the Parent Company;
(d) The Parent Company may redeem the 2006 Notes in whole but not in part at a redemption price equal to 100.00% of the principal
amount together with accrued and unpaid interest on the day following the last day of the twentieth (20th) interest period from issue
date, subject to the prior consent of the BSP and the compliance by the Bank with the prevailing requirements for the granting by the BSP
of its consent thereof. The 2006 Notes may not be redeemed at the option of the noteholders; and
(e) Each noteholder, by accepting the 2006 Notes, irrevocably agrees and acknowledges that: (i) it may not exercise or claim any right of
set-off in respect of any amount owed by the Parent Company arising under or in connection with the 2006 Notes; and (ii) it shall, to the
fullest extent permitted by applicable law, waive and be deemed to have waived all such rights of set-off.
On December 19, 2003, the Parent Company’s BOD approved the raising of Lower Tier 2 capital through the issuance in the local
capital market of subordinated notes with maximum principal amount of P3.0 billion maturing in 10 years but callable with step-up on
August 16, 2009. The notes bear a coupon rate of 12.50% per annum with step-up after five years.
The issuance of the foregoing subordinated notes under the terms approved by the BOD was approved by the MB, in its Resolution
No. 06/01-23-04 dated January 22, 2004, subject to the Parent Company’s compliance with certain conditions.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 101
Relative to this, on February 16, 2004, the Parent Company issued P3.0 billion, 12.50% Subordinated Notes (the 2004 Notes) due in 2014. As
discussed in Note 30, on March 2, 2004, the Parent Company swapped the proceeds from the 2004 Notes into USD, which are then invested
in USD-denominated interbank placements, Republic of the Philippines (ROP) and US Treasury bonds.
Among the significant terms and conditions of the issuance of such Notes are:
(b) The 2004 Notes bear interest at the rate of 12.50% per annum from and including February 16, 2004 to but excluding February 16, 2009.
Interest will be payable semi-annually in arrears on February 16 and August 16 of each year, commencing on August 16, 2004. Unless the
Notes are previously redeemed, interest from and including February 16, 2009 to but excluding February 16, 2014 will be reset at 11.23%,
the equivalent of the five-year MART1 FXTN as of February 9, 2004, plus a spread of 5.27% per annum. The stepped-up interest will be
payable semi-annually in arrears on February 16 and August 16 of each year, commencing on August 16, 2009;
(c) The 2004 Notes constitute direct, unconditional unsecured and subordinated obligations of the Parent Company and at all times rank
pari passu without preference among themselves and at least equally with all other present and future unsecured and subordinated
obligations of the Parent Company;
(d) The Parent Company may redeem the 2004 Notes in whole but not in part at a redemption price equal to 100.00% of the principal
amount together with accrued and unpaid interest on the day following the last day of the tenth interest period from issue date, subject
to the prior consent of the BSP. The 2004 Notes may not be redeemed at the option of the noteholders; and
(e) Each noteholder, by accepting the 2004 Notes, irrevocably agrees and acknowledges that: (i) it may not exercise or claim any right of
set-off in respect of any amount owed by the Parent Company arising under or in connection with the 2004 Notes; and (ii) it shall to the
fullest extent permitted by applicable law, waive and be deemed to have waived all such rights of set-off.
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, subordinated debt is net of unamortized transaction cost of P83.6 million and P110.7 million,
respectively.
22. Equity
Capital stock as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 consists of (in thousand pesos except for par value and number of shares):
As discussed in Note 1, the Parent Company completed its Tier 1 follow-on equity offering in August 2007 where it raised P5.1 billion, net of
issuance cost of P199.5 million in Tier 1 capital. Together with the sale of 89 million primary shares, 71.8 million secondary shares owned by
the NG thru PDIC and DOF were sold to the public thus paving for a complete exit of the NG from the Parent Company.
(a) Non-voting, non-cumulative, fully participating in dividends with the common shares;
(b) Convertible, at any time at the option of the holder who is qualified to own and hold common shares;
(c) With mandatory and automatic conversion into common shares upon the sale of such preferred shares to any person other than the NG
or any GOCC’s; and
(d) With rights to subscribe to additional new preferred shares with all of the features described above.
The additional issuance of 89.0 million common shares was approved by the BOD on March 23, 2007.
Capital Management
The primary objectives of the Parent Company’s capital management are to ensure that it complies with externally imposed capital requirements
and it maintains strong credit ratings and healthy capital ratios in order to support its business and to maximize shareholders’ value.
The Parent Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it in the light of changes in economic conditions and the risk
characteristics of its activities. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Parent Company may adjust the amount of dividend
payment to shareholders, return capital structure, or issue capital securities. No changes were made in the objectives, policies and processes
from the previous years.
The regulatory Gross Qualifying Capital of the Parent Company consists of Tier 1 (core) and Tier 2 (supplementary) capital. Tier 1 capital
comprises share capital, retained earnings (including current year profit) and minority interest less required deductions such as deferred income
tax and unsecured credit accommodations to directors, officers, stockholders and related interests (DOSRI). Tier 2 capital includes unsecured
subordinated debts, revaluation reserves and general loan loss provision. Certain items are deducted from the regulatory Gross Qualifying
Capital, such as but not limited to equity investments in unconsolidated subsidiary banks and other financial allied undertakings, but excluding
insurance companies (for solo basis); investments in debt capital instruments of unconsolidated subsidiary banks (for solo basis); and equity
investments in subsidiary insurance companies and subsidiary non-financial allied undertakings; and reciprocal investments in equity of other
banks/enterprises.
Risk-weighted assets are determined by assigning defined risk weights to amounts of on-balance sheet exposures and to the credit equivalent
amounts of off-balance sheet exposures. Certain items are deducted from risk-weighted assets, such as the excess of general loan loss
provision over the amount permitted to be included in Tier 2 capital. The risk weights vary from 0% to 150% depending on the type of
exposure, with the risk weights of off-balance sheet exposures being subjected further to credit conversion factors. Below is a summary of
exposure types and their corresponding risk weights:
With respect to off-balance sheet exposures, the exposure amount is multiplied by a credit conversion factor (CCF), ranging from 0% to 100%,
to arrive at the credit equivalent amount, before the risk weight factor is multiplied to arrive at the risk-weighted exposure. Direct credit
substitutes (e.g., guarantees) have a CCF of 100%, while items not involving credit risk has a CCF of 0%.
In the case of derivatives, the credit equivalent amount (against which the risk weight factor is multiplied to arrive at the risk-weighted
exposure) is generally the sum of the current credit exposure or replacement cost (the positive fair value or zero if the fair value is negative
or zero) and an estimate of the potential future credit exposure or add-on. The add-on ranges from 0% - 1.5% for interest rate-related, 1%
- 7.5% for exchange rate-related, and 6.0% to 10.0% for equity contract depending on the residual maturity of the contract. The credit
equivalent amount shall be treated like any on-balance sheet asset, and shall be assigned the appropriate risk weight, i.e. according to the third
part credit assessment of the counterpart exposure.
As discussed in Note 2, the BSP approved the booking of additional appraisal increment of P431.8 million in 2001 on properties and recognition
of the same in determining the capital adequacy ratio, and booking of translation adjustment of P1.6 billion in 2001 representing the increase
in peso value of the investment in foreign subsidiaries for purposes of the quasi-reorganization and rehabilitation of the Parent Company
provided that the same shall be excluded for dividend purposes. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Group was in compliance with the
CAR.
The CAR of the Group as reported to the BSP as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 are shown in the table below.
2007 2006
Actual 1/ Required Actual 2/ Required
(Amounts in Million Pesos)
Tier 1 capital P22,706.8 P16,644.0
Tier 2 capital 10,345.0 9,317.7
Gross qualifying capital 33,051.8 25,961.7
Less required deductions 0.4 0.5
Total qualifying capital P33,051.4 P17,365.50 P25,961.2 P13,263.4
Risk weighted assets P173,655.2 P132,633.8
Tier 1 capital ratio 13.08% 12.55%
Total capital ratio 19.03% 19.57%
1/ Data are based on consolidated CAR combined credit, market and operational risks (BSP Cir. No. 538).
2/ Data are based on consolidated CAR for credit risks (BSP Cir. No. 280).
The BSP, under BSP Circular 538 dated August 4, 2006, has issued the prescribed guidelines implementing the revised risk-based
capital adequacy framework for the Philippine banking system to conform to Basel II recommendations. The new BSP guidelines took effect on
July 1, 2007.
The increase in the regulatory qualifying capital in 2007 is mainly due to the additional issuance of Tier 1 follow-on equity offering in
August 2007.
Financial Performance
The following basic ratios measure the financial performance for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 of the Group and the Parent
Company:
Note: Average balances were determined as the sum of beginning and ending balances of the respective balance sheet accounts as of the end of the year divided by two (2).
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 105
The Parent Company has separate funded noncontributory defined benefit retirement plans covering substantially all its officers and regular
employees. Under these retirement plans, all covered officers and employees are entitled to cash benefits after satisfying certain age and
service requirements.
The Parent Company’s annual contribution to the retirement plan consists of a payment covering the current service cost, amortization of the
unfunded actuarial accrued liability and interest on such unfunded actuarial liability. The retirement plan provides a retirement benefit equal
to one hundred and twelve percent (112.00%) of plan salary per month for every year of credit service.
The following table shows the actuarial assumptions as of January 1, 2007 and 2006 used in determining the retirement benefit obligation of
the Parent Company:
2007 2006
Expected rate of return on plan assets 7% 10%
Discount rate 7% 14%
Salary rate increase 8% 8%
As of December 31, 2007, the discount rate used in determining the retirement obligation is 10%.
The overall expected rate of return on plan assets is determined based on the market prices prevailing on that date applicable to the period
over which the obligation is to be settled.
The amount of liability recognized in the Parent Company balance sheets (included under Other liabilities) is as follows (in thousand pesos):
2007 2006
Present value of defined benefit obligation P1,648,256 P1,986,807
Fair value of plan assets 958,856 945,053
689,400 1,041,754
Unrecognized actuarial gains (138,166 ) (757,811 )
Retirement liability P551,234 P283,943
The amounts included in Compensation and fringe benefits in the Parent Company statement of income are as follows (in thousand pesos):
The actual return on plan assets amounted to P98.4 million, P289.9 million and P78.5 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
The movements in the retirement liability recognized in the Parent Company balance sheet follow (in thousand pesos):
2007 2006
Balance at beginning of year P283,943 P179,824
Retirement expense 267,291 104,119
Balance at end of year P551,234 P283,943
106 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation are as follows (in thousand pesos):
2007 2006
Defined benefit obligation at beginning of year P1,986,807 P775,689
Interest cost 139,077 108,597
Current service cost 157,093 68,859
Benefits paid (84,555 ) (55,168 )
Actuarial loss (gain) (550,166 ) 1,088,830
Defined benefit obligation at end of year P1,648,256 P1,986,807
Changes in the fair value of the plan assets are as follows (in thousand pesos):
2007 2006
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year P945,053 P710,317
Expected return 66,154 71,032
Benefits paid (84,555 ) (55,168)
Actuarial gain 32,204 218,872
Fair value of plan assets at end of year P958,856 P945,053
The fair value of the plan assets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 includes the fair value of the investments in the Parent Company shares
of stocks amounting to P391.7 million and P344.7 million, respectively.
The Parent Company believes that the plan has enough funds to pay any retiring employee. Accordingly, it does not expect to contribute to
the plan in 2008.
The major categories of plan assets as a percentage of the fair value of total plan assets are as follows:
2007 2006
Parent Company’s own common shares 41 % 37 %
Government securities 23 53
Receivables from related parties 12 10
Equity securities and others 24 –
100 % 100 %
Information on the Parent Company’s pension plan (in thousand pesos) are as follows:
2007 2006
Present value of the defined benefit obligation P1,648,256 P1,986,807
Fair value of plan assets 958,856 945,053
Deficit in plan assets 689,400 1,041,754
Experience adjustments arising on plan liabilities 86,992 52,968
Experience adjustments arising on plan assets 32,204 218,872
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the net retirement liability (asset) included in Miscellaneous liabilities and assets, respectively, of certain
subsidiaries of the Group follows (in thousand pesos):
Retirement expense of the Group charged to operations, included in Compensation and fringe benefits in the statements of income amounted
to P273.7 million, P107.9 million and P92.4 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 107
24. Leases
The Parent Company leases the premises occupied by majority of its branches (about 41.59% of the branch sites are Parent Company-owned).
Some of its subsidiaries also lease the premises occupied by their Head Offices and most of their branches. The lease contracts are for periods
ranging from 1 to 25 years and are renewable at the Group’s option under certain terms and conditions. Various lease contracts include
escalation clauses, most of which bear an annual rent increase of 10%.
Rent expense charged against current operations (included in ‘Occupancy and equipment-related costs’ in the statements of income) amounted
to P393.0 million in 2007, P346.3 million in 2006 and P383.2 million in 2005 for the Group, of which P247.3 million in 2007, P247.6 million
in 2006 and P274.7 million in 2005 pertain to the Parent Company.
The Parent Company has entered into commercial property leases on its investment property. These non-cancelable leases have remaining
lease terms of between two and five years. Some leases include escalation clauses (such as 5% per year). In 2007, 2006 and 2005, total rent
income (included under ‘Miscellaneous income’) amounted to P196.3 million, P209.9 million and P172.2 million, respectively, for the Group
and P192.1 million, P207.5 million and P171.04 million, respectively, for the Parent Company.
2007 2006
(In Thousand Pesos)
Within one year P9,882 P30,587
Beyond one year but not more than five years 27,715 6,290
P37,597 P36,877
Under Philippine tax laws, the Parent Company and certain subsidiaries are subject to percentage and other taxes (presented as Taxes and
Licenses in the statements of income) as well as income taxes. Percentage and other taxes paid consist principally of gross receipts tax and
documentary stamp tax.
Income taxes include the corporate income tax, discussed below, and final taxes paid which represents final withholding tax on gross interest
income from government securities and other deposit substitutes and income from the FCDU transactions. These income taxes, as well as the
deferred tax benefits and provisions, are presented as ‘Provision for income tax’ in the statements of income.
RA No. 9337, An Act Amending National Internal Revenue Code, provides that the RCIT rate shall be 35.00% until December 31, 2008. Starting
January 1, 2009, the RCIT rate shall be 30.00%. Interest expense allowed as a deductible expense is reduced by 42.00% starting November
1, 2005 until December 31, 2008. Starting January 1, 2009, interest expense allowed as a deductible expense shall be reduced by 33.00% of
interest income subjected to final tax.
An MCIT of 2% on modified gross income is computed and compared with the RCIT. Any excess of MCIT over the RCIT is deferred and can
be used as a tax credit against future income tax liability for the next three years. In addition, NOLCO is allowed as a deduction from taxable
income in the next three years from the period of incurrence for the Parent Company and certain subsidiaries.
108 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
FCDU offshore income (income from non-residents) is tax-exempt while gross onshore income (income from residents) is generally subject to
10% income tax. In addition, interest income on deposit placement with other FCDUs and offshore banking units (OBUs) is taxed at 7.50%.
RA No. 9294, which became effective in May 2004, provides that the income derived by the FCDU from foreign currency transactions with
non-residents, OBUs, local commercial banks including branches of foreign banks is tax-exempt while interest income on foreign currency loans
from residents other than OBUs or other depository banks under the expanded system is subject to 10.00% income tax.
Net deferred tax assets of the Group are included in the following accounts in the balance sheet:
2007 2006
(In Thousand Pesos)
Deferred tax asset P1,857,109 P1,847,258
Other liabilities 29,121 10,439
P1,827,988 P1,836,819
Deferred tax charged (credited) directly to equity during the year is as follows:
Based on the five-year financial forecast prepared by management and duly approved by the Executive Committee of the BOD, the Parent
Company’s deferred tax assets of P1.8 billion and P2.6 billion as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, is expected to be realized from
its taxable profits within the next three to five years. The Parent Company and certain subsidiaries did not recognize deferred tax assets on
the following temporary differences:
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 109
The Group’s NOLCO of P11.5 billion in 2006 and P7.0 billion in 2005 includes the Parent Company’s loss on sale of NPAs to SPV companies
amounting to P9.6 billion in 2006 and P5.4 billion in 2005 which can be claimed as deductions from taxable income for a period of five
consecutive taxable years immediately following the year of sale.
The Group’s NOLCO includes net operating losses of PNB Corporation - Guam from 1992 to 1999 amounting to P12.1 million recognized
based on applicable tax laws similar to those of USA. Guam’s NOLCO matures 10 years from the date such NOLCO was incurred.
The reconciliation between the statutory income tax rate to effective income tax rate follows:
Revenue Regulations (RR) No. 10-2002 defines expenses to be classified as entertainment, amusement and recreation expenses (EARE)
and set a limit for the amount that is deductible for tax purposes. EARE are limited to 1.00% of net revenues for sellers of services. EARE
charged against current operations (included in ‘Miscellaneous expense’) amounted to P130.8 million in 2007, P117.0 million in 2006 and
P116.1 million in 2005 for the Group and P126.3 million in 2007, P111.7 million in 2006 and P110.1 million in 2005 (see Note 26).
Miscellaneous - others include information technology-related expenses, postage, telephone and telegraph, repairs and maintenances, EARE
and litigation expenses.
Securities and other properties held by the Parent Company in fiduciary or agency capacities for its customers are not included in
the accompanying balance sheet since these are not assets of the Parent Company. Such assets held in trust were carried at a value of
P22.4 billion and P14.1 billion as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively (see Note 29). In connection with the trust functions of
the Parent Company, government securities amounting to P232.4 million and P157.9 million (included under ‘AFS investments’ and ‘HTM
investments’) as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, are deposited with the BSP in compliance with trust regulations.
In compliance with existing banking regulations, the Parent Company transferred from deficit to surplus reserves of P19.9 million in 2007,
P17.1 million in 2006 and P13.4 million in 2005, corresponding to the 10.00% of the net income realized from its trust, investment management
and other fiduciary business until such related surplus reserve constitutes 20.00% of its regulatory capital.
In the ordinary course of business, the Parent Company has loans and other transactions with its subsidiaries and affiliates, and with certain
DOSRI. Under the Parent Company’s policy, these loans and other transactions are made substantially on the same terms as with other
individuals and businesses of comparable risks. The amount of direct credit accommodations to each of the Parent Company’s DOSRI, 70.00%
of which must be secured, should not exceed the amount of their respective deposits and book value of their respective investments in the
Parent Company. In the aggregate, DOSRI loans generally should not exceed the Parent Company’s equity or 15% of the Parent Company’s
total loan portfolio, whichever is lower. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Parent Company was in compliance with such regulations.
The information relating to the DOSRI loans of the Group follows (amounts in thousand pesos):
2007 2006
Total outstanding DOSRI loans
Inclusive of loans extended to NG and GOCCs P2,410,629 P12,574,264
Exclusive of loans extended to NG and GOCCs 2,410,629 2,473,406
Percent of DOSRI loans to total loans
Inclusive of loans extended to NG and GOCCs 3.71% 20.85%
Exclusive of loans extended to NG and GOCCs 3.71% 4.10%
Percent of unsecured DOSRI loans to total DOSRI loans
Inclusive of loans extended to NG and GOCCs 3.32% 0.75%
Exclusive of loans extended to NG and GOCCs 3.32% 3.82%
Percent of past due DOSRI loans to total DOSRI loans 1.21% 1.23%
Percent of nonperforming DOSRI loans to total DOSRI loans – –
As discussed in Note 2, in August 2007, the Parent Company completed its Tier 1 follow-on equity offering where it raised about P5.0 billion
in Tier 1 capital. Together with the sale of 89 million primary shares, 71.8 million secondary shares owned by the NG thru PDIC and DOF were
sold to the public thus paving for a complete exit of the government from the Parent Company. Accordingly, DOSRI as of December 31, 2007
no longer includes loans to NG and GOCCs as they are no longer considered related parties.
112 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
In accordance with existing BSP regulations, the reported DOSRI performing loans exclude loans extended to certain borrowers before these
borrowers became DOSRI.
As of December 31, 2006, the information relating to Parent Company’s receivables and other accommodations to government units follows
(in thousand pesos):
In the computation of the allowed DOSRI loans (the lower of the Parent Company’s equity or 15% of the Parent Company’s total portfolio),
the receivables from NG and GOCCs with NG guaranty are not included.
The Parent Company has lease agreements with some of its subsidiaries. In 2005, the lease agreement was amended to indicate the share
of the subsidiaries in the maintenance of the building in lieu of rental payments. The income related to these agreements amounting to
P4.8 million in 2007 and 2006 and P4.7 million in 2005 is included in ‘Miscellaneous income’ in the statement of income.
On January 31, 2007, BSP Circular No. 560 was issued providing the rules and regulations that govern loans, other credit accommodations
and guarantees granted to subsidiaries and affiliates of banks and quasi-banks. Under the said Circular, total outstanding exposures to each
of the bank’s subsidiaries and affiliates shall not exceed 10% of bank’s net worth, the unsecured portion of which shall not exceed 5% of such
networth. Further, the total outstanding exposures to subsidiaries and affiliates shall not exceed 20% of the networth of the lending bank.
BSP Circular No. 560 is effective on February 15, 2007.
The significant account balances with respect to related parties included in the financial statements (after appropriate eliminations have been
made) follow:
2007 2006
Loans Interest Loans Interest
Related Party Receivable Income Receivable Income
(In Thousand Pesos)
Fortune Tobacco Corporation (FTC) P1,500,000 P100,132 P1,500,000 P125,962
Asia Brewery Inc. (ABI) 500,000 33,425 500,000 43,667
Asian Institute of Management (AIM) 134,782 14,277 144,854 15,313
Philippine Airlines (PAL) – – 6,497 –
Others 275,847 60,120 322,055 12,072
P2,410,629 P207,954 P2,473,406 P197,014
FTC, ABI and PAL are also owned by LTG. The Parent Company and AIM have common directors which the BSP considered as related parties.
Other related party transactions represent real estate and other loans granted to the officers of the Group.
In the normal course of business, the Group makes various commitments and incurs certain contingent liabilities that are not presented in the
financial statements including several suits and claims remain unsettled. No specific disclosures on such unsettled assets and claims are made
because any such specific disclosures would prejudice the Group’s position with the other parties with whom it is in dispute. Such exemption
from disclosures is allowed under PAS 37, Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets. The Group and its legal counsel believe that
any losses arising from these contingencies which are not specifically provided for will not have a material adverse effect on the financial
statements.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 113
In November 1994, the BSP, Maybank and the Parent Company executed a Memorandum of Agreement (MA) providing for the settlement
of Maybank’s P3.0 billion liabilities to the BSP. Under this MA, the Parent Company is jointly and severally liable with Maybank for the full
compliance and satisfaction of the terms and conditions therein. The MA provides for the creation of an escrow fund to be administered by
the BSP where all collections from conveyed assets and certain annual guaranteed payments required under the MA are to be deposited.
Relative to the sale of the Parent Company’s 60% interest in Maybank, the Parent Company has requested the BSP to consider the revision of
the terms of the MA to, among others, (a) delete the provision on the annual guaranteed payments in consideration of an immediate payment
by the Parent Company of an agreed amount, and (b) exclude Maybank as a party to the MA. On May 7, 1997, the BSP approved the Parent
Company’s request to amend the terms of the MA, subject to the following conditions among others:
a) The Parent Company shall remit P150.0 million to the escrow account out of the proceeds from sale;
b) The Parent Company shall remit to the escrow account an amount equivalent to 50% of any profit that may be realized by the Parent
Company on account of the sale; and
c) If the amount in the escrow account has not reached the total of P3.0 billion by June 30, 2013, the difference shall be paid by the Parent
Company by way of a debit to its regular account with the BSP.
On November 28, 1997, the Parent Company remitted P150.0 million in compliance with item (a). The Parent Company anticipates that the
payment of P150.0 million to the BSP together with the existing balance of the funds in escrow as of that date will allow the escrow account
to reach the required P3.0 billion earlier than programmed. This has effectively released the Parent Company from any further payments under
the MA.
The Parent Company’s remaining investment in Maybank was sold on June 29, 2000. The sale was approved by the BSP on August 16, 2000.
On August 17, 2007, the Parent Company and the BSP amended certain provisions of the MA as follows:
1. The Parent Company will no longer act as the collecting agent for the BSP on the conveyed assets (Asset Pool 1);
2. The Parent Company will no longer remit the amount collected from the Asset Pool 1 to the escrow account;
3. BSP will revert to the Parent Company all the Asset Pool 1 accounts categorized as sugar and sugar-related accounts; and
4. The Parent Company will submit to BSP acceptable collaterals with an appraised value of at least P300.0 million as substitute for the
sugar-related loans under Asset Pool 1.
On the same date, the Parent Company executed a real estate mortgage for various real estate properties with an aggregate fair value of
P300.0 million in favor of the BSP.
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the total trust assets of the escrow account maintained with the BSP amounted to P2.2 billion and
P2.0 billion, respectively. Average yield during the year ranged from 7.19% to 14.17%. Management expects that the value of the escrow
account and the collection from the asset Pool 1 by 2013 will be more than adequate to cover the P3.0 billion liability due the BSP.
BSP Reporting
The following is a summary of various commitments, contingent assets and contingent liabilities at their equivalent peso contractual
amounts:
Consolidated Parent Company
2007 2006 2007 2006
(In Thousand Pesos)
Trust department accounts P22,435,217 P14,130,582 P22,435,217 P14,130,582
Deficiency claims receivable 7,667,406 12,772,446 7,667,406 12,763,100
Unused commercial letters of credit 4,986,755 6,962,819 4,986,755 6,962,819
Confirmed export letters of credit 2,750,714 2,733,999 2,750,714 2,733,999
Inward bills for collection 1,576,187 6,533,310 1,576,187 6,533,310
Outstanding guarantees issued 582,795 351,967 304,794 101,967
Outward bills for collection 164,860 152,738 164,770 152,738
Other contingent accounts 123,874 55,608 117,819 52,561
Items held as collateral 597 3,779 597 3,779
114 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
The table below shows the fair values of derivative financial instruments entered into by the Parent Company, recorded as derivative assets
or derivative liabilities, together with the notional amounts. The notional amount is the amount of a derivative’s underlying asset, reference
rate or index and is the basis upon which changes in the value of derivatives are measured. The notional amounts indicate the volume of
transactions outstanding as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 and are not indicative of either market risk or credit risk (amounts in thousands,
except average forward rate).
2007
Average Notional
Assets Liabilities Forward Rate Amount*
Freestanding derivatives:
Currency forwards
BUY:
USD P405 P4,393 41.42 27,639
EUR 279 – 41.90 353
JPY – 5,727 111.61 1,000,000
Others 151 – – 686
SELL:
USD 86,019 11,777 41.66 153,965
EUR 410 4,262 1.45 10,300
Others 175 938 – 420,154
Cross currency swaps 971,533 – 56.34 53,253
Embedded derivatives:
Currency forwards 51,325 – – 3,823
Credit default swaps 63,000 40,515 – 171,700
P1,173,297 P67,612
* The notional amounts pertain to the original currency except for the ‘Others’ and the Embedded derivatives, which represent the equivalent US$ amounts.
2006
Average Notional
Assets Liabilities Forward Rate Amount*
Freestanding derivatives:
Currency forwards
BUY:
USD P267 P– 49.00 2,855
JPY – 5,160 117.40 1,130,000
CAD 61 – 1.16 1,500
Others 87 486 – 2,698
SELL:
USD 74,442 510 49.34 163,000
EUR 1,216 289 1.32 5,900
JPY 68 – 117.42 15,000
Others 1,676 188 – 6,492
Cross currency swaps 768,367 – 56.34 53,253
Embedded derivatives:
Currency forwards 8,101 – – 446
Credit default swaps 106,782 – – 121,700
P961,067 P6,633
The notional amounts pertain to the original currency except for the ‘Others’ and the Embedded derivatives, which represent the equivalent US$ amounts.
On March 2, 2004, the Parent Company entered into a cross currency swap agreement with a counterparty bank in which the proceeds from
the Notes were swapped for USD. The USD amounts were then invested by the Parent Company in ROP and US Treasury bonds. Under the
swap agreement, the Parent Company is committed to sell USD and buy PHP in 2009 at a specified exchange rate. On a semi-annual basis,
the Parent Company pays 5.66% on the USD leg and receives 12.50% on the PHP leg. The aggregate notional amount of the cross currency
swap is US$53.3 million or P3.0 billion while its positive fair value amounted to P971.5 million and P768.4 million as of December 31, 2007
and 2006, respectively.
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 115
The Parent Company enters into certain financial and non-financial contracts that contain embedded derivatives which are treated as separate
derivatives when their economic characteristics and risks are not closely related to those of the host contract and the host contract is not carried
at FVPL. Such derivatives include conversion options in convertible debt instruments, credit default swaps and foreign-currency derivatives
in structured notes and deposits, call and put options in investment securities and loans and receivables, bond-linked deposits, and foreign
currency derivatives on non-financial contracts such as purchase orders and service agreements.
Embedded derivatives that have been bifurcated are credit derivatives in structured notes and interbank receivables with a notional reference
of US$171.7 million and US$121.7 million with a positive fair value of P63.0 million and P106.8 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively, and currency forwards in purchase and service contracts with a notional reference of US$3.8 million and US$0.4 million with
positive fair value of P51.3 million and P8.1 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
The earnings per share of the Group, attributable to equity holders of the Parent Company, are calculated as follows:
The following table shows an analysis of assets and liabilities of the Group and Parent Company analyzed according to whether they are
expected to be recovered or settled within one year and beyond one year from balance sheet date (amounts in thousand pesos):
Consolidated
2007 2006
Less than Over Less than Over
Twelve Months Twelve Months Total Twelve Months Twelve Months Total
Financial Assets
Cash and other cash items P4,773,212 P– P4,773,212 P4,820,155 P– P4,820,155
Due from BSP 27,961,521 – 27,961,521 12,566,759 – 12,566,759
Due from other banks 3,962,000 – 3,962,000 3,555,603 – 3,555,603
Interbank loans receivable 13,197,201 – 13,197,201 22,412,817 – 22,412,817
Securities held under agreements to resell 11,200,000 – 11,200,000 15,700,000 – 15,700,000
Financial assets at FVPL 3,215,235 – 3,215,235 1,137,835 – 1,137,835
Loans receivables - gross (Note 9) 28,096,152 36,692,303 64,788,455 38,175,846 24,012,107 62,187,953
Unquoted debt securities
classified as loans (Note 9) 8,842,266 1,042,982 9,885,248 11,208,371 10,093,353 21,301,724
Other receivables - gross (Note 9) 9,382,111 4,978,469 14,360,580 11,826,731 2,316,895 14,143,626
Receivables from SPV – 726,095 726,095 – 1,361,074 1,361,074
AFS investments - gross (Note 11) 6,404,732 39,036,189 45,440,921 14,113,947 29,156,291 43,270,238
HTM investments 83,259 362,795 446,054 – 1,554,368 1,554,368
117,117,689 82,838,833 199,956,522 135,518,064 68,494,088 204,012,152
(Forward)
116 P H I L I P P I N E N AT I O N A L B A N K 2 0 0 7 A N N U A L R E P O R T
Consolidated
2007 2006
Less than Over Less than Over
Twelve Months Twelve Months Total Twelve Months Twelve Months Total
Nonfinancial Assets
Property and equipment - net
At cost P– P821,810 P821,810 P– P730,181 P730,181
At appraised value – 15,681,869 15,681,869 – 15,846,819 15,846,819
Investments in subsidiaries and an associate – 665,123 665,123 – 801,838 801,838
Investment properties - net – 24,799,602 24,799,602 – 24,882,076 24,882,076
Other assets - gross (Note 15)* 993,632 9,897,398 10,891,030 10,513,395 7,152,938 17,666,333
993,632 51,865,802 52,859,434 10,513,395 49,413,852 59,927,247
Less: Allowance for impairment and
credit losses (Note 16) – (12,617,953 ) (12,617,953 ) – (19,924,473 ) (19,924,473 )
Unearned and other
deferred income (Note 9) (74,069 ) (418,894 ) (492,963 ) – (543,861 ) (543,861 )
(74,069 ) (13,036,847 ) (13,110,916 ) – (20,468,334 ) (20,468,334 )
P118,037,252 P121,667,788 P239,705,040 P146,031,459 P97,439,606 P243,471,065
* - includes prepaid expenses, intangibles (software), deferred tax assets
Consolidated
2007 2006
Less than Over Less than Over
Twelve Months Twelve Months Total Twelve Months Twelve Months Total
Financial Liabilities
Deposit liabilities P170,218,809 P8,593,160 P178,811,969 P171,498,944 P10,168,748 P181,667,692
Bills and acceptances payable 2,566,945 1,732,149 4,299,094 4,197,881 6,758,067 10,955,948
Subordinated debt – 8,416,424 8,416,424 – 8,389,297 8,389,297
Accounts payable 5,186,627 – 5,186,627 4,129,444 – 4,129,444
Bills purchased - contra 4,159,741 – 4,159,741 2,993,225 – 2,993,225
Managers’ checks and demand
drafts outstanding 450,396 – 450,396 1,987,410 – 1,987,410
Marginal deposits 35,684 – 35,684 506,282 – 506,282
Due to other banks 368,275 – 368,275 436,387 – 436,387
Due to BSP 122,818 – 122,818 114,312 – 114,312
Derivative liabilities 67,612 – 67,612 6,633 – 6,633
Accrued interest payable 491,025 1,562,347 2,053,372 1,019,524 1,555,530 2,575,054
183,667,932 20,304,080 203,972,012 186,890,042 26,871,642 213,761,684
Nonfinancial Liabilities
Accrued taxes and other expenses 1,405,411 815,935 2,221,346 1,695,266 629,107 2,324,373
Other liabilities** 2,536,436 746,128 3,282,564 2,628,733 – 2,628,733
3,941,847 1,562,063 5,503,910 4,323,999 629,107 4,953,106
P187,609,779 P21,866,143 P209,475,922 P191,214,041 P27,500,749 P218,714,790
** - income tax payable, withholding taxes payable, and other tax payable
Parent Company
2007 2006
Less than Over Less than Over
Twelve Months Twelve Months Total Twelve Months Twelve Months Total
Financial Assets
Cash and other cash items P4,732,004 P– P4,732,004 P4,753,539 P– P4,753,539
Due from BSP 27,961,521 – 27,961,521 12,566,759 – 12,566,759
Due from other banks 2,859,908 – 2,859,908 2,314,288 – 2,314,288
Interbank loans receivable 12,824,611 – 12,824,611 22,093,537 – 22,093,537
Securities held under agreements to resell 11,200,000 – 11,200,000 15,700,000 – 15,700,000
Financial assets at FVPL 3,194,086 – 3,194,086 1,109,137 – 1,109,137
Loans receivables - gross (Note 9) 27,085,816 35,771,769 62,857,585 37,581,739 22,714,738 60,296,477
(Forward)
BREAKTHROUGH ON ALL FRONTS 117
Parent Company
2007 2006
Less than Over Less than Over
Twelve Months Twelve Months Total Twelve Months Twelve Months Total
Unquoted debt securities
classified as loans (Note 9) P8,878,376 P1,006,872 P9,885,248 P11,208,371 P10,093,353 P21,301,724
Other receivables - gross (Note 9) 7,578,733 4,878,293 12,457,026 10,439,857 3,129,465 13,569,322
Receivables from SPV – 726,095 726,095 – 1,361,074 1,361,074
AFS investments - gross (Note 11) 6,186,893 38,393,533 44,580,426 12,111,477 29,156,290 41,267,767
HTM investments – 362,795 362,795 – 1,420,044 1,420,044
112,501,948 81,139,357 193,641,305 129,878,704 67,874,964 197,753,668
Nonfinancial Assets
Property and equipment - net
At cost – 714,513 714,513 – 663,916 663,916
At appraised value – 15,681,869 15,681,869 – 15,846,819 15,846,819
Investments in subsidiaries and
an associate - gross (Note 13) – 5,381,139 5,381,139 – 5,439,520 5,439,520
Investment properties - net – 24,723,885 24,723,885 – 24,803,748 24,803,748
Other assets – gross (Note 15)* 776,110 9,897,398 10,673,508 9,165,640 8,108,454 17,274,094
776,110 56,398,804 57,174,914 9,165,640 54,862,457 64,028,097
Less: Allowance for impairment and
credit losses (Note 16) – (12,334,508 ) (12,334,508 ) – (19,696,132 ) (19,696,132 )
Unearned and other deferred income (Note 9) – (354,725 ) (354,725 ) – (431,438 ) (431,438 )
– (12,689,233 ) (12,689,233 ) – (20,127,570 ) (20,127,570 )
P113,278,058 P124,848,928 P238,126,986 P139,044,344 P102,609,851 P241,654,195
* - includes prepaid expenses, intangibles (software) and deferred tax assets - net
Parent Company
2007 2006
Less than Over Less than Over
Twelve Months Twelve Months Total Twelve Months Twelve Months Total
Financial Liabilities
Deposit liabilities P172,297,515 P8,593,158 P180,890,673 P173,564,214 P10,168,750 P183,732,964
Bills and acceptances payable 1,844,935 1,629,513 3,474,448 3,603,647 6,758,068 10,361,715
Subordinated debt – 8,416,424 8,416,424 – 8,389,297 8,389,297
Accounts payable 5,093,465 – 5,093,465 3,503,276 – 3,503,276
Bills purchased - contra 4,159,741 – 4,159,741 2,993,225 – 2,993,225
Managers’ checks and demand
drafts outstanding 450,396 – 450,396 1,987,410 – 1,987,410
Marginal deposits 35,684 – 35,684 506,282 – 506,282
Due to other banks 301,322 – 301,322 413,096 – 413,096
Due to BSP 122,818 – 122,818 114,312 – 114,312
Derivative liabilities 67,612 – 67,612 6,633 – 6,633
Accrued interest payable 491,025 1,555,449 2,046,474 1,024,318 1,555,464 2,579,782
184,864,513 20,194,544 205,059,057 187,716,413 26,871,579 214,587,992
Nonfinancial Liabilities
Accrued interest and other expenses 1,336,917 782,774 2,119,691 1,598,945 645,083 2,244,028
Other liabilities** 1,011,573 717,644 1,729,217 – 1,557,604 1,557,604
2,348,490 1,500,418 3,848,908 1,598,945 2,202,687 3,801,632
P187,213,003 P21,694,962 P208,907,965 P189,315,358 P29,074,266 P218,389,624
** - includes income tax payable, withholding taxes payable, and other tax payable
The amounts of due from BSP and interbank loans receivable which have original maturities of more than three months are as follows:
2007 2006
(Amounts in Thousand Pesos)
Due from BSP P12,700,000 P–
Interbank loans and receivables – 3,151,961
118 P H I L I P P I N E N A T I O N A L B A N K
Management DIRECTORY
Management DIRECTORY
Vice President
INTERNATIONAL BANKING AND OFFICE OF THE CHIEF Jeffrey R. Abacan
OVERSEAS REMITTANCE SECTOR CREDIT OFFICER
3rd Floor PNB Financial Center 7th Floor PNB Financial Center Senior Assistant Vice Presidents
Nelson C. Tablizo
First Senior Vice President Executive Vice President Ted Edward R. Tolentino
Isabelita M. Watanabe Renato A. Castillo
Assistant Vice Presidents
First Vice Presidents First Vice Presidents Alfredo C. Aram
Romulo Rodel C. Bicol Angeles Z. Lorayes Ricardo B. Casacop
Ramon B. Murillo Nanette O. Vergara Ricardo V. De Leon
Mariza L. Tiburcio
Vice President Vice President
Mercedes J. Fabie Maria Rita S. Pueyo
DOMESTIC AYALA
G/F Manila Bank Building
BLUMENTRITT
Kassco Bldg. cor. Lico & Cavite Sts.
METRO MANILA BRANCHES 6772 Ayala Avenue, Makati City Rizal Ave., Sta. Cruz, Manila
Tel. No.: 894-1432 Tel. No.: 732-7156
ALABANG Fax No.: 817-9936 Fax No.: 732-7150
G/F Page 1 Building Email add: [email protected] Email add: [email protected]
Acacia Avenue, Madrigal Business Park
Alabang, Muntinlupa City JULIETA F. CRUZ PAMELA F. PASCUAL
Tel. No.: 807-6065 Business Manager Business Manager
Fax No.: 842-3610
Email add: [email protected] BANGKAL BONI AVENUE
G/F, Hernandez Building Jo-Cel Building, 523 Boni Ave.
NANETTE J. JAVELLANA 1646 Evangelista St. Cor. San Roque St., Mandaluyong City
Business Manager Bangkal, Makati City Tel. No.: 531-3158
Tel. Nos.: 889-03-96 / 889-0395 Fax No.: 531-1913
ALI MALL Fax No.: 889-0389 Email add: [email protected]
Ali Mall II Building, Gen. Romulo Ave. Email add: [email protected]
Cor. P. Tuazon Blvd., Cubao, QC EDUARDO S. PADILLA
Tel. No.: 912-1655 ROZETTE E. UY Business Manager
Fax No.: 912-6654 Business Manager
Email add: [email protected] BSP SERVICE UNIT
BATASANG PAMBANSA G/F Caferorium Bldg., Bangko Sentral ng
DALIA B. ELAZEGUI 2/F South Wing Building Pilipinas Complex, Malate, Manila
Business Manager Batasang Pambansa Complex Tel No.: (02) 523-93-28
Constitutional Hills, Quezon City Email add: [email protected]
ALMANZA Tel. Nos.: 951-7591 / 931-6682
Hernz Arcade, Alabang-Zapote Road Fax No.: 951-7590 LORENA L. DIAZ
Almanza, Las Pinas City Email add: [email protected] Business Manager
Tel. No.: 806-6905
Fax No.: 800-0597 RAMIR T. SORIANO CALOOCAN
Email add: [email protected] Business Manager Gen. San Miguel St., Caloocan City
Tel. Nos.: 288-2446 / 288-2450
ELEANOR M. MACARIOLA BENAVIDEZ Email add: [email protected]
Business Manager Unit 103, 1 Corporate Plaza
Benavidez Street, Legaspi Village, Makati City PABLO C. SANTOS, JR.
ANTIPOLO Tel. No.: 840-3040 Business Manager
No. 6 Circumferential Rd., Poblacion Fax No.: 840-3038
Antipolo, Rizal Email add: benavidez@ pnb.com.ph CARTIMAR TAFT
Tel. No.: (02) 697-2016 SATA Corp. Building
Fax No.: (02) 697-2015 ROXANNE A. FELICIANO 2217 Taft Avenue, Pasay City
Email add: [email protected] Business Manager Tel. No.: 834-0765
Fax.: 833-2268
SALVADOR E. MANLANGIT BICUTAN Email add: [email protected]
Business Manager G/F, VCD Bldg., 89 Doña Soledad Avenue
Better Living Subd., Bicutan MYRNA C. PANTALLA
ARANETA AVENUE Parañaque Business Manager
128 G. Araneta Ave., Quezon City Tel. Nos.: 824-5164 / 776-2929
Tel. No.: 714-1146 Fax No.: 824-4954 C.M. RECTO
Fax No.: 714-1144 Email add: [email protected] Unit 6 & 7 Phil. Society
Email add: [email protected] for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
DAISY QUINTOS Bldg., C.M. Recto Ave., Manila
MANUEL L. MARAVILLO Business Manager Tel. No.: 734-0599
Business Manager Fax No. 734-8718
BINONDO Email add: [email protected]
AVENIDA 452 San Fernando St.
720 Rizal Avenue, Sta. Cruz, Manila Cor. Elcano St. Binondo, Manila MA. CONSUELO A. SUANDING
Tel. No.: 733-0717 Tel. No.: 242-8449 Business Manager
Fax No.: 733-0716 Fax No.: 242-8450
Email add: [email protected] Email add: [email protected]
GABRIEL D. KIRONG
Business Manager
2007 ANNUAL REPOR T 135
PNB IFL - SHATIN PNB RCL WORLDWIDE HOUSE 101 PNB RCL TSUEN WAN
Shop 15E, Level 1, Shatin Lucky Plaza, Shop 101, 1/F Worldwide House, Shops 226-229, Lik San Plaza, 269 Castle
12-15 Wang Fok Street, Shatin 19 Des Voeux Road, Central, Hong Kong Peak Road, Tsuen Wan, New Territories
New Territories, Hong Kong Tel No.: (852) 2521-4603; Hong Kong
Tel. No.: (852) 2698-7458 Fax No.: (852) 2536-4281 Tel. No.: (852) 2490-1397
Fax No.: (852) 2698-7464 Email Add.: [email protected] Fax No.: (852) 2490-3435
Email Add.: [email protected]
DALE Q. DONATO MAXIMINO M. DELA CRUZ
Account Assistant Branch Manager CAYETANO S. MATEO
Branch Manager
PNB IFL - YUEN LONG PNB RCL WORLDWIDE HOUSE 122
Shop 9, 3/F Tung Yik Bldg., No.8 Yu King Shop 122, 1/F Worldwide House PNB RCL CAUSEWAY BAY
Square, Yuen long, New Territories, 19 Des Voeux Road, Central, Hong Kong Shops B18-19, Basement Level
Hong Kong Tel No.: (852) 2869-8764 Causeway Bay Shopping Centre
Tel. No.: (852) 2478-9301 Fax No.: (852) 2869-8599 15-23 Sugar St., Causeway Bay, Hong kong
Fax No.: (852) 2478-9611 Email Add.: [email protected] Tel. No.: (852) 2577-0553
Fax No.: (852) 2577-2004
CORAZON V. SUBANG SUSAN R. ROQUEL Email Add.: [email protected]
Account Assistant Branch Manager
LUMEN F. YEUNG
PNB IFL - STARHOUSE / KOWLOON PNB RCL YUEN LONG Branch Manager
Shop B-19, Starhouse Plaza, No. 3 Salisbury Shop 9, 3/F Tung Yik Bldg., No.8 Yu King
Road, Tsim Shat Sui, Kowloon, Hong Kong Square Yuen long, New Territories
Tel. No.: (852) 2735-2755 Hong Kong
Fax No.: (852) 2735-6069 Tel Nos.: (852) 2147-3471 USA AND CANADA
Fax No.: (852) 2147-3481
PNB CORPORATION, GUAM Email Add.: [email protected] LOS ANGELES
Suite 116, Concourse I, Micronesia Mall 3345 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 200
W. Marine Drive, Dededo, Guam 96929 JOSE MARIA R. PONCE Los Angeles, California 90010, U.S.A.
Tel No.: (671) 637-4982 Branch Manager Tel. No.: (213) 401-1800
(671) 637-4987 Telex: 6502253656
Email Add.: [email protected] PNB RCL SHATIN Fax No.: (213) 401-1803
Shop 15E, Level 1 Shatin Lucky Plaza Email Add.: [email protected]
ALEX S. BATAC 12-15 Wang Fok St., Shatin [email protected]
Head of Office New Territories, Hong Kong
Tel No.: (852) 2603-2802 ANTONIO C. MADRID
PNB CORPORATION GUAM - SAIPAN Fax No.: (852) 2609-3816 General Manager
Unit 204, 2nd Floor JCT Bldg. 1, Beach Road, Email Add.: [email protected]
Susupe, Saipan MP 96950 NEW YORK
Tel No.: (670) 235-7249 / 50 ARIEL O. RUBIO 30 Broad St., 36th floor
(670) 235-7261 Branch Manager New York, NY, 10004, U.S.A
Fax No.: (670) 235-7251 Tel. No.: (212) 790-9600 to 30
Email Add.: [email protected] PNB RCL NORTH POINT (212) 790-9624
G/F Shop 27-28, Seven Seas Commercial Telex: 62703
CONSTANTINO F. POBRE Centre, 121 King’s Road, North Point Fax No.: (212) 382-2238
Head of Office Hong Kong Email Add.: [email protected]
Tel No.: (852) 2887-5967 [email protected]
PNB REMITTANCE CENTER LTD. (RCL) Fax No.: (852) 2807-0298
- Head Office Email Add.: [email protected] PEDRO E. REYES III
26th Floor, Worldwide House, 19 Des Voeux General Manager
Road, Central Hong Kong BENILDA M. HO
Tel No.: (852) 2815-3643 Branch Manager HONOLULU
Fax No.: (852) 2525-3107 / 2541-6645 33 South King Street, Suite 109, Honolulu,
Email Add.: [email protected] PNB RCL STARHOUSE Hawaii 96813, U.S.A.
Shop B-19, Starhouse Plaza, No. 3 Salisbury Tel. No.: (808)-521-1493
ROLANDO C. CRUZ Road, Tsim Shat Sui, Kowloon, Hong Kong Telex: 662093
AVP & General Manager Tel. No.: (852) 2735 2755 Fax No.: (808) 533-2842
Fax No.: (852) 2735-6069 Email Add.: [email protected]
Email Add.: [email protected] [email protected]
PNB RCI PHOENIX PNB RCI VALLEJO PNB LAS VEGAS SAHARA
2941 W. Bell Road Ste. 3, Phoenix 36 Springtowne Center, Vallejo Sahara Towne Square, 2600-A S. Maryland
AZ 85053, U.S.A. CA 94591, U.S.A. Parkway, Las Vegas NV 89109, U.S.A.
Tel. No.: (602) 942-4216 / 4363 Tel. No.: (707) 558-9575 Tel. No.: (702) 650-5263 / 6429
Fax No.: (602) 942-4374 (707) 644-6329 Fax No.: (702) 650-6448
Email Add.: [email protected] Fax No.: (707) 558-9577 Email Add.: [email protected]
Email Add.: [email protected]
ROMEO TAN AZELA MABASA
Branch Supervisor CARMENCHU LIM Branch Supervisor
Branch Manager
PNB RCI DALY CITY PNB RCI HOUSTON
6730 Mission Blvd., Unit A, Daly City PNB RCI CHICAGO Beltway Plaza Shopping Center
CA 94014, U.S.A. 5918 N. Clark St., Chicago, IL 60660, U.S.A. 8388 West Sam Houston Parkway
Tel. No.: (650) 756-1268 / 1492 Tel. No.: (773) 784-2951 / 53 Suite 194, Houston, Texas 77072, U.S.A.
Fax No.: (650) 756-1409 Fax No.: (773) 784-2952 Tel. No.: (281) 988-7575 / 7001
Email Add.: [email protected] Email Add.: [email protected] Fax No.: (281) 988-7555
Email Add.: [email protected]
ROMEO A. ANCHETA CHRISTOPHER P. ORTIZ
Officer-In-Charge Branch Manager SHIRLEY ANN CAMACHO
Branch Manager
PNB RCI SACRAMENTO PNB RCI HOFFMAN ESTATES
6914 65th St., Suite 305, Sacramento 1028 W. Golf Road, Hoffman Estates PNB RCI DALLAS
CA 95823, U.S.A. IL 60169, U.S.A. 940 East Belt Line Ste. 130, Richardson
Tel. No.: (916) 424-9588 / 89 Tel. No.: (847) 885-7405 / 7407 TX 75081, U.S.A.
Fax No.: (916) 424-9590 Fax No.: (847) 885-7412 Tel. No.: (972) 470-9910 / 12
Email Add.: [email protected] Email Add.: [email protected] Fax No.: (972) 470-9915
Email Add.: [email protected]
AIDA DE VEGA BELMO MARTIL
Branch Manager Branch Supervisor MARIFE FERNANDEZ
Person-In-Charge
PNB RCI SAN FRANCISCO PNB RCI NILES
One Sutter St., Mezzanine Flr. 7315 West Dempster, Niles, IL 60714, U.S.A. PNB RCI NORTHWEST HOUSTON
San Francisco, CA 94104, U.S.A. Tel. No.: (847) 583-0352 13480 Veterans Memorial Dr.
Tel. No.: (415) 392-0502 (847) 663-9360 Suite P-5 Houston, TX 77014, U.S.A.
Fax No.: (415) 392-0503 Fax No.: (847) 583-0353 Tel. No.: (281) 880-7560 / 67
Email Add.: [email protected] Email Add.: [email protected] Fax No.: (281) 880-7007
Email Add.: [email protected]
SINFOROSA BUSTRIA ROMAN RUYERAS, JR.
Branch Manager Branch Supervisor JESUS YAP
Branch Supervisor
PNB RCI SAN JOSE PNB RCI WOODRIDGE
1983 Quimby Road, San Jose 2441-57 W 75th St, Woodridge Plaza PNB RCI SEATTLE
CA 95122, U.S.A. Woodridge, IL 60517, U.S.A. 6044 M.L. King Jr. Way So. #107
Tel. No.: (408) 929-0964 / 65 Tel. No.: (630) 985-7880 Seattle WA 98118, U.S.A.
Fax No.: (408) 929-0966 Fax No.: (630) 985-7883 Tel. No.: (206) 722-2890 / 2945
Email Add.: [email protected] Email Add.: [email protected] Fax No.: (206) 722-2958
Email Add.: [email protected]
AILEEN LAYANTE AIDA ZORAIDA GRANDE
Branch Manager Branch Supervisor CECILIA TERESITA V. FLORES
Branch Manager
PNB RCI UNION CITY PNB RCI LAS VEGAS
32128 Alvarado Blvd., Union City 3890 S. Maryland Parkway, Ste. G PNB RCI WAIPAHU
CA 94587, U.S.A. Las Vegas, NV 89119, U.S.A. 94-226 Leoku Street, Waipahu
Tel. No.: (510) 487-6272 / 73 Tel. No.: (702) 474-9008 / 9062 Hawaii 96797, U.S.A.
Fax No.: (510) 487-6330 Fax No.: (702) 474-9068 Tel. No.: (808) 678-3360
Email Add.: [email protected] Email Add.: [email protected] Fax No.: (808) 678-3302
Email Add.: [email protected]
ROMEO ANCHETA THERESA C. OLAN
Branch Manager Branch Manager ARCELI SAGAOINIT
Branch Supervisor
146 P H I L I P P I N E N A T I O N A L B A N K
ROBERTO H. R. CONSTANTINO
Desk Officer
The 2007 Annual Report is published by Philippine National Bank.
Concept and design by OP Communications, Inc.
Photography by Noby Cabañero
PNB's ERM framework addresses various risks such as credit, market, liquidity, and operational risks through a structured process involving risk identification, measurement, analysis, and management. The framework encourages a holistic view, ensuring risks are assessed not only independently but also across interrelated components, supported by tools like risk assessment and control activities .
PNB's Business Development Sector (BDS) played a crucial role in the growth of corporate loans by implementing an aggressive marketing and credit risk management strategy. This approach focused on generating new partnerships, strengthening existing relationships with corporate and government clients, and improving lending infrastructure and delivery systems, leading to an 11% growth in the corporate loan portfolio . The BDS also contributed significantly to the SME sector by fortifying PNB's presence, evidenced by a 25% growth in loans to SMEs, which accounted for almost 25% of the sector’s loan portfolio . Furthermore, strategic efforts such as the reorganization of BDS to focus on market and business development, and continuing improvements in credit processing, enhanced their ability to meet market demands .
PNB's strategic alliances with firms like Cebuana Lhuillier, Globe Telecom’s G-Exchange Inc., and others expanded the remittance network and improved service access by allowing beneficiaries to claim remittances even beyond banking hours. These partnerships provided more community-accessible claim points, enhancing service convenience and customer satisfaction .
Basel II compliance efforts led to the enhancement and fortification of PNB’s risk management practices by introducing robust process guidelines such as maintaining a centralized Management Information System and a granularized Credit Risk Rating System. These measures ensured alignment with global standards, reinforcing the bank's capability to manage risk proactively and effectively .
PNB manages currency risks through a framework of policies and limits, supported by active oversight by the Board and Senior Management. Regular reporting by the Risk Management Group and oversight inspections by Internal Audit ensure that foreign operations remain aligned with hedging strategies designed to mitigate currency fluctuations .
PNB improved its operational processes by enhancing lending infrastructure and delivery systems, centralizing loan risk functions, and employing updated technology and systems. These improvements allowed for efficient processing, monitoring, and risk management of an expanding loan portfolio, ultimately supporting its growth .
The Philippine National Bank's risk management philosophy, which views risk management as a strategic discipline beyond regulatory compliance, provides competitive advantage and enhances long-term shareholder value by institutionalizing risk management processes and fostering a culture of risk awareness. This strategic approach enhances decision-making processes and supports the bank's operational resilience, thereby increasing investor confidence and shareholder value .
PNB manages liquidity risk through a combination of tools such as Maximum Cumulative Outflow, Stress Testing, Liquid Assets Array, Liquidity Ratios, and Earnings at Risk Limit. These tools are designed to track and ensure liquidity adequacy in varying market conditions, backed by formal policies and regular monitoring .
The Global Filipino Card (GFC) is a reloadable pre-paid card designed to facilitate remittance transactions for overseas Filipino workers and their beneficiaries. It allows beneficiaries to access their funds through any ATM in the Philippines, providing a quick and efficient way to receive remittances . Additionally, it offers membership benefits such as accident insurance coverage, discounts on remittance fees for repeat transactions, and other perks. These features make the GFC not only a tool for remittance transfers but also a means to offer added value through benefits like insurance and discounts, which can enhance user satisfaction and loyalty .