horizontal vertical
tower radio
cable loss height horizon # towers
(L; dB) (m) (km) tower unit cost needed 550km # 350km #
0.02 5 15.039 $ 5,035.62 442 25.85974 26 16.4562 17
0.04 10 18.855 $ 5,165.96 294 20.62613 21 13.1257 14
0.06 15 21.783 $ 5,408.25 216 17.85357 18 11.3614 12
0.08 20 24.252 $ 5,773.19 187 16.03631 17 10.2049 11
0.10 25 26.427 $ 6,268.90 150 14.71659 15 9.3651 10
0.12 30 28.393 $ 6,901.99 126 13.69748 14 8.71658 9
0.14 35 30.201 $ 7,678.13 117 12.87743 13 8.19473 9
0.16 40 31.884 $ 8,602.24 104 12.19772 13 7.76218 8
0.17 42 32.527 $ 9,014.33 96 11.95641 12 7.60863 8
0.18 45 33.464 $ 9,678.77 96 11.62158 12 7.39555 8
0.20 50 34.959 $ 10,911.71 96 11.1246 12 7.07929 8
0.21 52 35.536 $ 11,449.52 77 10.94398 11 6.96435 7
0.22 55 36.381 $ 12,304.75 77 10.6898 11 6.8026 7
0.24 60 37.740 $ 13,861.27 77 10.30496 11 6.5577 7
0.26 65 39.043 $ 15,584.43 70 9.96102 10 6.33883 7
0.28 70 40.297 $ 17,477.21 70 9.65107 10 6.14159 7
0.32 80 42.677 $ 21,782.62 60 9.11285 10 5.79909 6
0.36 90 44.912 $ 26,798.09 54 8.65929 9 5.51046 6
0.40 100 47.027 $ 32,542.29 54 8.26998 9 5.26271 6
0.60 150 56.286 $ 72,752.07 35 6.909505 7 4.39696 5
0.80 200 64.092 $ 133,317.71 28 6.067961 7 3.86143 4
1.20 300 77.187 $ 320,652.47 24 5.038523 6 3.20633 4
1.60 400 88.227 $ 602,823.77 15 4.408069 5 2.80513 3
2.00 500 97.953 $ 986,100.30 12 3.970378 4 2.5266 3
2.40 600 106.746 $ 1,475,604.11 12 3.643325 4 2.31848 3
2.80 700 114.832 $ 2,075,702.22 12 3.386777 4 2.15522 3
3.20 800 122.358 $ 2,790,221.71 12 3.178456 4 2.02265 3
3.60 900 129.427 $ 3,622,581.89 8 3.00486 4 1.91218 2
4.00 1000 136.112 $ 4,575,881.90 6 2.857262 3 1.81826 2
HEMT 40dB
total cost tower + HEMT
total tower cost (2.8GHz) total cost Pr
$ 2,225,744.75 $ 1,485,120.00 $ 3,710,864.75
$ 1,518,791.86 $ 987,840.00 $ 2,506,631.86 2.911E-13
$ 1,168,181.27 $ 725,760.00 $ 1,893,941.27
$ 1,079,586.65 $ 628,320.00 $ 1,707,906.65 SNR
$ 940,334.75 $ 504,000.00 $ 1,444,334.75 10log(2.91e-13/2.76e-17)
$ 869,651.27 $ 423,360.00 $ 1,293,011.27
$ 898,340.78 $ 393,120.00 $ 1,291,460.78
$ 894,633.42 $ 349,440.00 $ 1,244,073.42
$ 865,375.99 $ 322,560.00 $ 1,187,935.99
$ 929,162.01 $ 322,560.00 $ 1,251,722.01
$ 1,047,524.54 $ 322,560.00 $ 1,370,084.54 40*2*2*.1071^2/((4pi*34959)^2*10^1.2)
$ 881,613.07 $ 258,720.00 $ 1,140,333.07
$ 947,465.51 $ 258,720.00 $ 1,206,185.51
$ 1,067,317.49 $ 258,720.00 $ 1,326,037.49
$ 1,090,910.40 $ 235,200.00 $ 1,326,110.40
$ 1,223,405.03 $ 235,200.00 $ 1,458,605.03 (1.38*10^-23)*400*5000
$ 1,306,957.22 $ 201,600.00 $ 1,508,557.22
$ 1,447,096.67 $ 181,440.00 $ 1,628,536.67
$ 1,757,283.50 $ 181,440.00 $ 1,938,723.50 Sout (6E-13)*.95502*10^4
$ 2,546,322.59 $ 117,600.00 $ 2,663,922.59
$ 3,732,895.80 $ 94,080.00 $ 3,826,975.80 Nout ((2.76E-17)+(1.2969E-17))*10^4
$ 7,695,659.17 $ 80,640.00 $ 7,776,299.17
$ 9,042,356.59 $ 50,400.00 $ 9,092,756.59
$ 11,833,203.63 $ 40,320.00 $ 11,873,523.63 N(ICamp) 8.028E-17
$ 17,707,249.34 $ 40,320.00 $ 17,747,569.34 (((4.06e-13+8.03e-17)10^5)+8.03e-17)10^3
$ 24,908,426.62 $ 40,320.00 $ 24,948,746.62
$ 33,482,660.47 $ 40,320.00 $ 33,522,980.47
$ 28,980,655.12 $ 26,880.00 $ 29,007,535.12
$ 27,455,291.38 $ 20,160.00 $ 27,475,451.38 GHz HEMT cost
2.8 3360
2.0 2400
1.2 1440
0.7 840
1071^2/((4pi*34959)^2*10^1.2)
-23)*400*5000 2.76E-17
95502*10^4 5.73E-09 W
7)+(1.2969E-17))*10^4 4.057E-13 W
SNR 14124.38 W 41.5 dB
3+8.03e-17)10^5)+8.03e-17)10^3 4.061E-05 0.000406
0.573012 5.73012
14110.81 14110.81
1 Rx Antenna Locations 77 towers
11x7 layout
2 Transmitter Power Out 40 W
3 Transmitter Antenna Gain 2.0
4 Path Loss 141.38 dB max
5 Receiver Antenna Gain 2.0
6 Other Losses 3 dB
7 (Fade) Margin 12 dB
8 Cabling Loss 0.21 dB
9 Receiver Amplifier Gain 130 dB total
(40+50+40 dB)
10 Receiver Power Out 2.7726 W
11 Receiver Noise Out 0.000406 W
12 Receiver SNR Out 38.35 dB
13 Receiver Amplifier Costs $ 258,765 258720
14 Receiver Tower Costs $ 881,613
15 Transmitter Cost $ 56,000
16 Safety Margin Penalty $ -
17 Total Cost of Project $ 1,196,378
18 Transmitter Center Frequency 2.8 GHz
25 20 $ 258,765.00
$ 881,613.00
$ 56,000.00
$ 1,196,378.00
Area of island
Allowed Frequency Range f
Signal bandwidth W
Antenna Polarization
Antenna Temperature Tant
Transmitter Antenna Gain G
Antenna Height ht
Maximum Output Power Pt
Antenna Polarization
Antenna Temperature Tant
Antenna Gain G
Antenna Height hr
Modulation and Polarization Loss Loth
Receiver
Fade Margin M
Cable Loss L
Bottom of each base station
Output Signal-to-Noise Ratio SNRout
Output Signal Power Sout
550 x 350 km (rectangular)
0.7 - 2.8 Ghz (to be proposed)
5 kHz
Omnidirectional dipole
400 K
1.1 @ 0.7 GHz, linearly increasing to,
2.0 @ 2.8 GHz
2m
<= 40 W
Omnidirectional dipole
400 K
1.1 @ 0.7 GHz, linearly increasing to,
2.0 @ 2.8 GHz
TBD (to be proposed)
3 dB
12 dB ($1.5M penalty @ 6 dB; $2.4M
penalty @ 3 dB)
0.4 dB / 100 m
> 35 dB
> 0.5 W
Antenna Tower (incl. antenna)
HEMT Amplifier
IC Amplifier
Transmitter
Fade Margin Penalty
$ 5000 + (height)^2.22
$ 30 * (gain in dB) * (center freq in GHz)
$ 0.50 * (gain in dB)
$ 500 * (power in Watt) * (center freq in GHz)
12 dB: no charge
6 dB: $ 1,500,000
3 dB: $ 2,400,000
