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Map Design PDF

This document provides an overview of map design using GIS software. It discusses important elements to include in maps like titles, legends, scale bars and projections. It covers designing point, line and polygon symbology, as well as continuous and discrete raster symbology. The document also discusses file formats, resolutions and compression for maps, and how styles can be stored and shared using the Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD) standard.

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Shahin Nesco
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© © All Rights Reserved
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381 views35 pages

Map Design PDF

This document provides an overview of map design using GIS software. It discusses important elements to include in maps like titles, legends, scale bars and projections. It covers designing point, line and polygon symbology, as well as continuous and discrete raster symbology. The document also discusses file formats, resolutions and compression for maps, and how styles can be stored and shared using the Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD) standard.

Uploaded by

Shahin Nesco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Map Design

Dr. Hans van der Kwast & Jonne Kleijer

OpenCourseWare
[Link]
Learning objectives

• After this course you will be able to:

• Design maps using GIS


• Choose the appropriate legends
• Choose the appropriate file type, resolution and compression
method for maps
• Use the Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD) standard
Introduction

• Maps are an important output from GIS analysis.

• Hardcopy paper maps


• Presentations
• Web (static, dynamic)

3
Map making in GIS

Desktop GIS software:

• Map canvas for GIS analysis


• Map composer for Map design

4
Which map elements?

Mandatory: Optional:
• Title • Acknowledgments
• Legend • Name of the map projection
• Scalebar / Graticule • Logo
• North arrow • Grid

5
6
Legend

• Real objects  Map symbols


• Legend = Key to used symbols
• Intuitive colours and symbols
• Units (m)

• PROGRAM DEFAULTS ARE ALWAYS WRONG!

7
Point symbology

8
Point symbology

Size vs Shape

9
Lines & Polygons

Lines Polygons

10
Lines & Polygons

• Pipeline (Water)

• Buildings

• Park/Forrest

11
Continuous raster

• Ramps

12
Continuous raster

HOT COLD

BAD GOOD

13
Continuous raster

What is high?

14
Discrete raster

• Random colours

15
North arrow

• Symbols shows map direction


• Rotated maps

16
Scale

Words:

Ratio:

Scale bar:

17
Inset / Overview map

To give detail to map

To give
overview

QGIS training Uganda 18


Font

19
Map design

To begin with...

20
Map design

21
Neat lines

• Make a map more neat

22
Balance

23
Formats
GIF
Vector
PNG
Screen
JPG
Raster
100 dpi
PNG
GIS map
EPS

Vector SVG
Paper
PDF
> 600 dpi
Raster TIFF
July/August 2015 QGIS training Uganda 24
Examples

25
July/August 2015 27
How are styles stored?

• Raster and vector files don’t contain styles. They are stored
in separate files:
• ArcGIS Layer file (.lyr)
• QGIS Layer Style File (.qml)
• These formats are not standards and therefore not
compatible

• The OGC standard for styling of GIS data: Styled Layer


Descriptor (SLD)

July/August 2015 QGIS training Uganda 32


Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD)

• A Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD) is an XML schema specified


by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) for describing the
appearance of map layers (both vector and raster)
• SLDs are used in GeoServer to style WMS/WFS/WCS layers

July/August 2015 QGIS training Uganda 33


Create SLD files

1. Style layer in QGIS


• Vector:
−add style
−save style as .sld file
• Raster:
−add style
−use SLD4raster plugin to save
style as .sld file or to directly
upload to GeoServer

July/August 2015 QGIS training Uganda 34


Add SLD to online layers

July/August 2015 QGIS training Uganda 35

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