LABOR LAW
Labor law primarily concerns the rights and responsibilities of unionized employees.
Some groups of employees find unions beneficial, since employees have a lot more
power when they negotiate as a group rather than individually. Unions can negotiate for
better pay, more convenient hours, and increased workplace safety. However, unions
do not have limitless power. Leaders must treat all union members fairly and refrain
from restricting union members' rights to speech, assembly, and voting powers.
Employers also must follow specific rules when dealing with union members. For
example, employers may only negotiate with designated union representatives and
must carefully any agreement between the union and the employer.
States are allowed to make their own laws concerning labor relations, but all of these
laws must comply with the federal statute, known as the National Labor Relations Act.
Labor law can also refer to the set of standards for working conditions and wage laws.
These laws, such as the Fair Labor Standards Act, prohibits child labor, and sets a
minimum wage.
SOCIAL LEGISLATION
THOSE LAWS THAT PROVIDE PARTICULAR KINDS OF PROTECTION OR BENEFITS TO SOCIETY OR
SEGMENTS THEREOF IN FURTHERANCE OF SOCIAL JUSTICE.
DIVISION OF LABOR LEGISLATIONS:
LABOR STDS
REFERS TO TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT THAT EMPLOYERS MUST COMPLY WITH AND TO
WHICH EMPLOYEES ARE ENTITLED AS A MATTER OF LEGAL RIGHT.
ARE THE MINIMUM REQTS PRESCRIBED BY EXISTING LAWS, RULES, AND REULATIONS RELATING TO
WAGES, HRS OF WORK, COST OF LIVING ALLOWANCE, AND OTHER MONETARY AND WELFARE BENEFITS,
INCLUDING OCUPATIONAL, SAFETY AND HEALTH STDS.
LABOR RELATIONS
DEFINES THE STATUS, RIGHTS, AND DUTIES AND THE INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS THAT GOVERN THE
INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE INTERACTIONS OF EMPLOYERS, EMPLOYEES OR THEIR REPS
ARTCILE XIII, SEC 3
LABOR
Section 3. The State shall afford full protection to labor, local and overseas, organized
and unorganized, and promote full employment and equality of employment
opportunities for all.
It shall guarantee the rights of all workers to self-organization, collective bargaining and
negotiations, and peaceful concerted activities, including the right to strike in
accordance with law. They shall be entitled to security of tenure, humane conditions of
work, and a living wage. They shall also participate in policy and decision-making
processes affecting their rights and benefits as may be provided by law.
The State shall promote the principle of shared responsibility between workers and
employers and the preferential use of voluntary modes in settling disputes, including
conciliation, and shall enforce their mutual compliance therewith to foster industrial
peace.
The State shall regulate the relations between workers and employers, recognizing the
right of labor to its just share in the fruits of production and the right of enterprises to
reasonable returns to investments, and to expansion and growth.
ARTICLE II, SEC 18
Section 18. The State affirms labor as a primary social economic force. It shall protect the rights
of workers and promote their welfare.
ARTICLE III, SEC 8
Section 8. The right of the people, including those employed in the public and private sectors, to
form unions, associations, or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not be abridged.
ARTCILE IX, SEC 2
Section 2. (1) The civil service embraces all branches, subdivisions, instrumentalities, and
agencies of the Government, including government-owned or controlled corporations with
original charters.
Laws that seek to promote the common good, generally by protecting and assisting the weaker
members of society, are considered to be social legislation. Such legislation includes laws
assisting the unemployed, the infirm, the disabled, and the elderly.
PRESCRIBES EQUALITY OF PEOPLE
