Maths I Semester syllabi.

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Mathematics_IIsem_2016-[Link]
Maths III Semester [Link]
Mathematics_IVSem_2015-[Link]
Mathematics_Vsem_2015-[Link]
BSc_Mathematics_VI Sem_2015-16AB_web.pdf
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY
RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
CBCS / Semester System
(W.e.f. 2016-17 Admitted Batch)
I Semester Syllabus
B.A./[Link]. MATHEMATICS
PAPER – 1 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
60 Hrs
UNIT – I (12 Hours), Differential Equations of first order and first degree :
Linear Differential Equations; Differential Equations Reducible to Linear Form; Exact Differential
Equations; Integrating Factors; Change of Variables.
UNIT – II (12 Hours), Orthogonal Trajectories.
Differential Equations of first order but not of the first degree :
Equations solvable for p; Equations solvable for y; Equations solvable for x; Equations that do not
contain. x (or y); Equations of the first degree in x and y – Clairaut’s Equation.
UNIT – III (12 Hours), Higher order linear differential equations-I :
Solution of homogeneous linear differential equations of order n with constant coefficients; Solution of
the non-homogeneous linear differential equations with constant coefficients by means of polynomial
operators.
General Solution of f(D)y=0
General Solution of f(D)y=Q when Q is a function of x.
1
is Expressed as partial fractions.
f  D
P.I. of f(D)y = Q when Q= beax
P.I. of f(D)y = Q when Q is b sin ax or b cos ax.
UNIT – IV (12 Hours), Higher order linear differential equations-II :
Solution of the non-homogeneous linear differential equations with constant coefficients.
P.I. of f(D)y = Q when Q= bx k
P.I. of f(D)y = Q when Q= eax V
P.I. of f(D)y = Q when Q= xV
P.I. of f(D)y = Q when Q= x m V
UNIT –V (12 Hours), Higher order linear differential equations-III :
Method of variation of parameters; Linear differential Equations with non-constant coefficients; The
Cauchy-Euler Equation.
Reference Books :
1. Differential Equations and Their Applications by Zafar Ahsan, published by Prentice-Hall of
India Learning Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi-Second edition.
2. A text book of mathematics for BA/BSc Vol 1 by N. Krishna Murthy & others, published by
S. Chand & Company, New Delhi.
1
 3. Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations Raisinghania, published by S. Chand & Company,
New Delhi.
4. Differential Equations with applications and programs – S. Balachandra Rao & HR Anuradha-
universities press.
Suggested Activities:
Seminar/ Quiz/ Assignments/ Project on Application of Differential Equations in Real life

2
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY
CBCS/SEMESTER SYSTEM
SEMESTER – II : B.A./[Link]. FIRST YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS (UPDATED)
PAPER – 2 : SOLID GEOMETRY
60 Hrs
UNIT – I (12 hrs) : The Plane :
Equation of plane in terms of its intercepts on the axis, Equations of the plane through the
given points, Length of the perpendicular from a given point to a given plane, Bisectors of angles
between two planes, Combined equation of two planes, Orthogonal projection on a plane.
UNIT – II (12 hrs) : The Line :
Equation of a line; Angle between a line and a plane; The condition that a given line may lie in a
given plane; The condition that two given lines are coplanar; Number of arbitrary constants in
the equations of straight line; Sets of conditions which determine a line; The shortest distance
between two lines; The length and equations of the line of shortest distance between two straight
lines; Length of the perpendicular from a given point to a given line
UNIT-III: The Sphere
Definition and equation of the sphere; Equation of the sphere through four given points;
plane sections of a sphere; intersection of two spheres; equation of a circle; sphere through a given
circle; intersection of a sphere and a line; tangent plane; plane of contact; polar plane; pole of a
plane; conjugate points; conjugate planes.

UNIT-IV: The Sphere and Cones

Angle of intersection of two spheres; conditions for two spheres to be orthogonal;

Power of a point; radical plane; coaxal system of spheres; simplified form of the equation of two
spheres.
Definitions of a cone; vertex; guiding curve; generators; equation of the cone with a given
vertex and guiding curve; equations of cones with vertex at origin are homogeneous; condition
that the general equation of the second degree should represent a cone.

UNIT V-: Cones

Enveloping cone of a sphere; right circular cone; equation of the right circular cone with a
given vertex, axis and semi vertical angle; condition that a cone may have three mutually
perpendicular generators; intersection of a line and a quadric cone; tangent lines and tangent plane
at a point; condition that a plane may touch the cone; reciprocal cones; intersection of two cones
with a common vertex.
Reference Books :
1. Analytical Solid Geometry by Shanti Narayan and P.K. Mittal, Published by S. Chand & Company Ltd. 7th
Edition.
2. A text book of Mathematics for BA/[Link] Vol 1, by V Krishna Murthy & Others, Published by S. Chand
& Company, New Delhi.
3. A text Book of Analytical Geometry of Three Dimensions, by P.K. Jain and Khaleel Ahmed, Published by
Wiley Eastern Ltd., 1999
.4. Co-ordinate Geometry of two and three dimensions by P. Balasubrahmanyam, K.Y. Subrahmanyam G.R.
Venkataraman published by Tata-MC Gran-Hill Publishers Company Ltd., New Delhi.
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY
RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
CBCS / Semester System
(W.e.f. 2015-16 Admitted Batch)
III Semester Syllabus
B.A./[Link]. MATHEMATICS
PAPER – 3 ABSTRACT ALGEBRA
60 Hrs
UNIT – 1 : (10 Hrs) GROUPS : -
Binary Operation – Algebraic structure – semi group-monoid – Group definition and elementary
properties Finite and Infinite groups – examples – order of a group. Composition tables with examples.
UNIT – 2 : (14 Hrs) SUBGROUPS : -
Complex Definition – Multiplication of two complexes Inverse of a complex-Subgroup definition –
examples-criterion for a complex to be a subgroups.
Criterion for the product of two subgroups to be a subgroup-union and Intersection of subgroups.
Co-sets and Lagrange’s Theorem :-
Cosets Definition – properties of Cosets–Index of a subgroups of a finite groups–Lagrange’s Theorem.
UNIT –3 : (12 Hrs) NORMAL SUBGROUPS : -
Definition of normal subgroup – proper and improper normal subgroup–Hamilton group – criterion for a
subgroup to be a normal subgroup – intersection of two normal subgroups – Sub group of index 2 is a
normal sub group – simple group – quotient group – criteria for the existence of a quotient group.
UNIT – 4 : (10 Hrs) HOMOMORPHISM : -
Definition of homomorphism – Image of homomorphism elementary properties of homomorphism –
Isomorphism – aultomorphism definitions and elementary properties–kernel of a homomorphism –
fundamental theorem on Homomorphism and applications.
UNIT – 5 : (14 Hrs) PERMUTATIONS AND CYCLIC GROUPS : -
Definition of permutation – permutation multiplication – Inverse of a permutation – cyclic permutations
– transposition – even and odd permutations – Cayley’s theorem.
Cyclic Groups :-
Definition of cyclic group – elementary properties – classification of cyclic groups.
Reference Books :
1. Abstract Algebra, by J.B. Fraleigh, Published by Narosa Publishing house.
2. A text book of Mathematics for B.A. / [Link]. by B.V.S.S. SARMA and others, Published by [Link]
& Company, New Delhi.
3. Modern Algebra by M.L. Khanna.
Suggested Activities:
Seminar/ Quiz/ Assignments/ Project on Group theory and its applications in Graphics and Medical
image Analysis

1
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY
CBCS/SEMESTER SYSTEM
IV SEMESTER : B.A./[Link]. MATHEMATICS
PAPER- 4
REAL ANALYSIS
60 Hrs
UNIT – I (12 hrs) : REAL NUMBERS :
The algebraic and order properties of R, Absolute value and Real line, Completeness property of
R, Applications of supreme property; intervals. No. Question is to be set from this portion.
Real Sequences: Sequences and their limits, Range and Boundedness of Sequences, Limit of a sequence
and Convergent sequence.
The Cauchy’s criterion, properly divergent sequences, Monotone sequences, Necessary and Sufficient
condition for Convergence of Monotone Sequence, Limit Point of Sequence, Subsequences and the
Bolzano-weierstrass theorem – Cauchy Sequences – Cauchey’s general principle of convergence
theorem.
UNIT –II (12 hrs) : INFINITIE SERIES :
Series : Introduction to series, convergence of series. Cauchey’s general principle of convergence for
series tests for convergence of series, Series of Non-Negative Terms.
1. P-test
2. Cauchey’s nth root test or Root Test.
3. D’-Alemberts’ Test or Ratio Test.
4. Alternating Series – Leibnitz Test.
Absolute convergence and conditional convergence, semi convergence.
UNIT – III (12 hrs) : CONTINUITY :
Limits : Real valued Functions, Boundedness of a function, Limits of functions. Some extensions
of the limit concept, Infinite Limits. Limits at infinity. No. Question is to be set from this portion.
Continuous functions : Continuous functions, Combinations of continuous functions, Continuous
Functions on intervals, uniform continuity.
UNIT – IV (12 hrs) : DIFFERENTIATION AND MEAN VALUE THEORMS :
The derivability of a function, on an interval, at a point, Derivability and continuity of a function,
Graphical meaning of the Derivative, Mean value Theorems; Role’s Theorem, Lagrange’s Theorem,
Cauchhy’s Mean value Theorem
UNIT – V (12 hrs) : RIEMANN INTEGRATION :
Riemann Integral, Riemann integral functions, Darboux theorem. Necessary and sufficient condition for
R – integrability, Properties of integrable functions, Fundamental theorem of integral calculus, integral as
the limit of a sum, Mean value Theorems.
Reference Books :
1. Real Analysis by Rabert & Bartely and .D.R. Sherbart, Published by John Wiley.
2. A Text Book of [Link] Mathematics by B.V.S.S. Sarma and others, Published by S. Chand & Company
Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Elements of Real Analysis as per UGC Syllabus by Shanthi Narayan and Dr. M.D. Raisingkania
Published by S. Chand & Company Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Suggested Activities:
Seminar/ Quiz/ Assignments/ Project on Real Analysis and its applications.

1
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY
B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – V, PAPER -5
RING THEORY & VECTOR CALCULUS
60 Hrs
UNIT – 1 (12 hrs) RINGS-I : -
Definition of Ring and basic properties, Boolean Rings, divisors of zero and cancellation laws
Rings, Integral Domains, Division Ring and Fields, The characteristic of a ring - The characteristic of an
Integral Domain, The characteristic of a Field. Sub Rings, Ideals

UNIT – 2 (12 hrs) RINGS-II : -

Definition of Homomorphism – Homorphic Image – Elementary Properties of Homomorphism –
Kernel of a Homomorphism – Fundamental theorem of Homomorhphism –
Maximal Ideals – Prime Ideals.

UNIT –3 (12 hrs) VECTOR DIFFERENTIATION : -

Vector Differentiation, Ordinary derivatives of vectors, Differentiability, Gradient, Divergence,
Curl operators, Formulae Involving these operators.

UNIT – 4 (12 hrs) VECTOR INTEGRATION : -

Line Integral, Surface Integral, Volume integral with examples.

UNIT – 5 (12 hrs) VECTOR INTEGRATION APPLICATIONS : -

Theorems of Gauss and Stokes, Green’s theorem in plane and applications of these theorems.
Reference Books :-
1. Abstract Algebra by J. Fralieh, Published by Narosa Publishing house.
2. Vector Calculus by Santhi Narayana, Published by S. Chand & Company Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
3. A text Book of [Link]., Mathematics by [Link] and others, published by S. Chand &
Company Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
4. Vector Calculus by R. Gupta, Published by Laxmi Publications.
5. Vector Calculus by P.C. Matthews, Published by Springer Verlag publicattions.
6. Rings and Linear Algebra by Pundir & Pundir, Published by Pragathi Prakashan.

Suggested Activities:
Seminar/ Quiz/ Assignments/ Project on Ring theory and its applications

1
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY
B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – V, PAPER -6
LINEAR ALGEBRA
60 Hrs
UNIT – I (12 hrs) : Vector Spaces-I :
Vector Spaces, General properties of vector spaces, n-dimensional Vectors, addition and scalar
multiplication of Vectors, internal and external composition, Null space, Vector subspaces, Algebra of
subspaces, Linear Sum of two subspaces, linear combination of Vectors, Linear span Linear
independence and Linear dependence of Vectors.

UNIT –II (12 hrs) : Vector Spaces-II :

Basis of Vector space, Finite dimensional Vector spaces, basis extension, co-ordinates, Dimension of a
Vector space, Dimension of a subspace, Quotient space and Dimension of Quotientspace.

UNIT –III (12 hrs) : Linear Transformations :

Linear transformations, linear operators, Properties of L.T, sum and product of LTs, Algebra of Linear
Operators, Range and null space of linear transformation, Rank and Nullity of linear transformations –
Rank – Nullity Theorem.

UNIT –IV (12 hrs) : Matrix :

Linear Equations, Characteristic Roots, Characteristic Values & Vectors of square Matrix, Cayley –
Hamilton Theorem.

UNIT –V (12 hrs) : Inner product space :

Inner product spaces, Euclidean and unitary spaces, Norm or length of a Vector, Schwartz inequality,
Triangle in Inequality, Parallelogram law, Orthogonality, Orthonormal set, complete orthonormal set,
Gram – Schmidt orthogonalisation process. Bessel’s inequality and Parseval’s Identity.

Reference Books :
1. Linear Algebra by J.N. Sharma and A.R. Vasista, published by Krishna Prakashan Mandir, Meerut-
250002.
2. Matrices by Shanti Narayana, published by [Link] Publications.
3. Linear Algebra by Kenneth Hoffman and Ray Kunze, published by Pearson Education
(low priced edition), New Delhi.
4. Linear Algebra by Stephen H. Friedberg et al published by Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. 4th Edition
2007.

Suggested Activities:
Seminar/ Quiz/ Assignments/ Project on “Applications of Linear algebra Through Computer Sciences”

2
 MATHEMATICS MODEL PAPER
FIFTH SEMESTER
PAPER 5 – RING THEORY & VECTOR CALCULUS
COMMON FOR B.A & [Link]
(w.e.f. 2015-16 admitted batch)
Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 75

SECTION-A

Answer any FIVE questions. Each question carries FIVE marks. 5 x 5 = 25 Marks

1) Prove that every field is an integral domain.

2) If R is a Boolean ring then prove that (i) a + a = 0  a  R (ii) a + b = 0  a = b.
3) Prove that Intersection of two sub rings of a ring R is also a sub ring of R.
4) If f is a homomorphism of a ring R into a ring R1 then prove that Ker f is an ideal of R.
5) Prove that Curl (grad ∅) = 0̅.
6) If 𝒇 = 𝑥𝑦 2 𝒊 + 2𝑥 2 𝑦𝑧 𝒋 − 3𝑦𝑧 2 𝒌 the find div 𝒇 and Curl 𝒇 at the point (1, -1 1).

 
7) If R  u   u  u 2 i  2u 3 j  3k then find  R  u  du .
1

8) Show that   ax i  by j  cz k .N dS  4  a  b  c  where S is the surface of the sphere
s
3
x 2  y2  z2  1.

SECTION-B

Answer the all FIVE questions. Each carries TEN marks. 5 x 10 = 50 Marks

9(a) Prove that a finite integral domain is a field

OR
9(b) Prove that the characteristic of an integral domain is either a prime or zero.

10(a) State and prove fundamental theorem of homomorphism of rings.

OR
10(b) Prove that the ring of integers Z is a Principal ideal ring.
11(a) If a = x + y + z, b = x2 + y2 + z2 , c = xy + yz + zx ; then prove that [ grad a, grad b, grad c] = 0.

OR
11(b) Find the directional derivative of the function xy2 + yz2 + zx2 along the tangent to the curve x = t,
y = t2, z = t3 at the point (1, 1, 1,).

12(a) Evaluate  [Link] , where F = z i + x j - 3y2z k and S is the surface x2 + y2 =16 included in the first
s
octant between z = 0, and z = 5.
OR
 
12(b) If F  2x  3z i  2xy j  4x k ,then evaluate
2
 .FdV where V is the closed region
v
bounded by the planes 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0, 𝑧 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4.

13(a) State and Prove Stoke’s theorem.

OR

13(b) Find ∮𝐶 (𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦) 𝑑𝑥 + ( 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑧) 𝑑𝑦 around the boundary C of the region bounded by 𝑦 2 = 8𝑥

and 𝑥 = 2 by Green’s theorem.
 MATHEMATICS MODEL PAPER
FIFTH SEMESTER
PAPER 6 – LINEAR ALGEBRA
COMMON FOR B.A & [Link]
(w.e.f. 2015-16 admitted batch)
Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 75

SECTION-A

Answer any FIVE questions. Each question carries FIVE marks. 5 x 5 = 25 Marks

1) Let p, q, r be the fixed elements of a field F. Show that the set W of all triads (x, y, z) of elements
of F, such that px  qy  rz  0 is a vector subspace of V3 (F).
2) Express the vector α = (1, -2, 5) as a linear combination of the vectors 𝑒1 = (1, 1, 1), 𝑒2 = (1, 2, 3)
and 𝑒3 = (2, -1, 1).
3) If α , β , γ are L.I vectors of the vector space V(R) then show that α + β , β + γ , γ + α are also L.I
vectors.
4) Describe explicitly the linear transformation T: R2 R2 such that T (1, 2) = (3, 0), and T (2, 1) =
(1,2).
5) Let U(F) and V(F) be two vector spaces and T : U  F  V  F be a linear transformation.
Prove that the range set R(T) is a subspace of V(F).
6) Solve the system 2x-3y+z=0, x+2y-3z=0, 4x-y-2z=0.
7) State and prove Schwarz inequality.
8) Show that the set S   1,1, 0, 1,  1,1,  1,1, 2 is an orthogonal set of the inner product
space R3(R).

SECTION-B

Answer the all FIVE questions. Each carries TEN marks. 5 x 10 = 50 Marks

9(a) Prove that the subspace W to be a subspace of V(F) ⟺ a  b W a , b  F and , W .
OR

9(b) Prove that the four vectors α =(1,0,0), β =(0,1,0), γ =(0,0,1), δ =(1,1,1) in V3(C) form a
Linear dependent set, but any three of them are Linear Independent.

10(a) Let W be a subspace of a finite dimensional vector space V(F), then prove that
dim V 
W
 dim  V   dim  W 
OR

10(b) Let W1 and W2 be two subspaces of a finite dimensional vector space V(F). Then prove that
dim  W1  W2   dim  W1   dim  W2   dim  W1  W2  .
11(a) State and prove Rank-Nullity theorem.
OR

11(b) Define a Linear transformation. Show that the mapping T: R3 R2 is defined by T (x, y, z) =
(x - y, x - z) is a linear transformation.

12(a) State and prove Cayley- Hamilton theorem.

OR

12(b) Find the characteristic roots and the corresponding characteristic vectors of the matrix
 6 2 2 
A   2 3 1
 2 1 3 
13(a) State and prove Bessel’s inequality.
OR

13(b) Applying Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process to obtain an orthonormal basis of R3(R)

from the basis S = { (1, 1, 0), (-1,1,0), (1, 2, 1,)}.

--------------------
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY
RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
CBCS : MATHEMATICS
W.E. FROM 2015-16 ADMITTED BATCH
VI-Semester -(ELECTIVES & CLUSTERS)
Yea Sem Pap Subject Hour Credits IA EA Total
r ester er s
VII Elective (any one)* 5 5 25 75 100
A. Laplace-Transformations

VI B. Numerical Analysis

C. Number Theory

D. Graph Theory

& Elective Problem Solving

Sessions
VIII Cluster Electives: ***
VIII A.
[Link] Transformations 5 5 25 75 100
&
Problem Solving Sessions
[Link] Functions 5 5 25 75 100
&
Problem Solving Sessions
[Link] 5 5 50 50 100
VIII B.
1. Advanced Numerical
Analysis &
Problem Solving Sessions
2. special Functions
&
Problem Solving Sessions
3. Project
VIII C.
[Link] of Mechanics
&
Problem Solving Sessions
[Link] Mechanics
&
Problem Solving Sessions
[Link]
 VIII D.
1. Applied Graph Theory
&
Problem Solving Sessions
[Link] Function
&
Problem Solving Sessions

[Link]

*Candidate has to choose only one paper from VII(A) or VII(B) or VII(C) or VII(D)

* Candidates are advised to choose Cluster (A) if they have chosen VII (A) and Choose Cluster (B) if they
have chosen VII(B) etc. However, a candidate may choose any cluster irrespective of what they have
chosen in paper VII
 B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – VI, PAPER – VII-(A)
ELECTIVE-VII(A); LAPLACE TRANSFORMS
60 Hrs
UNIT – 1 (12 hrs) Laplace Transform I : -
Definition of - Integral Transform – Laplace Transform Linearity, Property,
Piecewise continuous Functions, Existence of Laplace Transform, Functions of Exponential
order, and of Class A.

UNIT – 2 (12 hrs) Laplace Transform II : -

First Shifting Theorem, Second Shifting Theorem, Change of Scale Property,
Laplace Transform of the derivative of f(t), Initial Value theorem and Final Value theorem.

UNIT – 3 (12 hrs) Laplace Transform III : -

Laplace Transform of Integrals – Multiplication by t, Multiplication by tn – Division
by t. Laplace transform of Bessel Function, Laplace Transform of Error Function, Laplace
Transform of Sine and cosine integrals.

UNIT –4 (12 hrs) Inverse Laplace Transform I : -

Definition of Inverse Laplace Transform. Linearity, Property, First Shifting
Theorem, Second Shifting Theorem, Change of Scale property, use of partial fractions,
Examples.

UNIT –5 (12 hrs) Inverse Laplace Transform II : -

Inverse Laplace transforms of Derivatives–Inverse Laplace Transforms of Integrals
– Multiplication by Powers of ‘P’– Division by powers of ‘P’– Convolution Definition –
Convolution Theorem – proof and Applications – Heaviside’s Expansion theorem and its
Applications.

Reference Books :-
1. Laplace Transforms by A.R. Vasistha and Dr. R.K. Gupta Published by Krishna
Prakashan Media Pvt. Ltd. Meerut.
2. Fourier Series and Integral Transforms by Dr. S. Sreenadh Published by [Link] and
Co., Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Laplace and Fourier Transforms by Dr. J.K. Goyal and K.P. Gupta, Published by
Pragathi
Prakashan, Meerut.
4. Integral Transforms by M.D. Raising hania, - H.C. Saxsena and H.K. Dass Published
by S. Chand
and Co., [Link]., New Delhi.
 B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – VI, PAPER – VII-(B)
ELECTIVE–VII-(B); NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
60 Hrs
UNIT- I: (10 hours)
Errors in Numerical computations : Errors and their Accuracy, Mathematical Preliminaries,
Errors and their Analysis, Absolute, Relative and Percentage Errors, A general error formula, Error
in a series approximation.

UNIT – II: (12 hours)

Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations: The bisection method, The iteration
method, The method of false position, Newton Raphson method, Generalized Newton Raphson
method. Muller’s Method

UNIT – III: (12 hours) Interpolation - I

Interpolation : Errors in polynomial interpolation, Finite Differences, Forward differences,
Backward differences, Central Differences, Symbolic relations, Detection of errors by use of
Differences Tables, Differences of a polynomial
UNIT – IV: (12 hours) Interpolation - II
Newton’s formulae for interpolation. Central Difference Interpolation Formulae, Gauss’s central
difference formulae, Stirling’s central difference formula, Bessel’s Formula, Everett’s Formula.
UNIT – V : (14 hours) Interpolation - III
Interpolation with unevenly spaced points, Lagrange’s formula, Error in Lagrange’s formula,
Divided differences and their properties, Relation between divided differences and forward
differences, Relation between divided differences and backward differences Relation between
divided differences and central differences, Newton’s general interpolation Formula, Inverse
interpolation.
Reference Books :
1. Numerical Analysis by [Link], published by Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
(Latest Edition)
2. Numerical Analysis by G. Sankar Rao published by New Age International Publishers, New –
Hyderabad.
3. Finite Differences and Numerical Analysis by H.C Saxena published by S. Chand and Company,
Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi.
4. Numerical methods for scientific and engineering computation by [Link], [Link],
R.K. Jain.
 B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – VI, PAPER – VII-(C)
ELECTIVE– VII-(C) : NUMBER THEORY

UNIT-I (12 hours)

Divisibility – Greatest Common Divisor – Euclidean Algorithm – The Fundamental Theorem of

Arithmetic

UNIT-II (12 hours)

Congruences – Special Divisibility Tests - Chinese Remainder Theorem- Fermat’s Little

Theorem – Wilson’s Theorem – Residue Classes and Reduced Residue Classes – Solutions of
Congruences

UNIT-III (12 hours)

Number Theory from an Algebraic Viewpoint – Multiplicative Groups, Rings and Fields

UNIT-IV (12 hours)

Quadratic Residues - Quadratic Reciprocity – The Jacobi Symbol

UNIT-V (12 hours)

Greatest Integer Function – Arithmetic Functions – The Moebius Inversion Formula

Reference Books:
1. “Introduction to the Theory of Numbers” by Niven, Zuckerman & Montgomery (John
Wiley & Sons)
2. “Elementary Number Theory” by David M. Burton.
3. Elementary Number Theory, by David, M. Burton published by 2nd Edition (UBS
Publishers).
4. Introduction to Theory of Numbers, by Davenport H., Higher Arithmetic published by 5th
Edition (John Wiley & Sons) Niven,Zuckerman & Montgomery.(Camb, Univ, Press)
5. Number Theory by Hardy & Wright published by Oxford Univ, Press.
6. Elements of the Theory of Numbers by Dence, J. B & Dence T.P published by Academic
Press.
 B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – VI, PAPER – VII-(D)
ELECTIVE– VII-(D) : GRAPH THEORY
UNIT – I (12 hrs) Graphs and Sub Graphs :
Graphs , Simple graph, graph isomorphism, the incidence and adjacency matrices, sub graphs,
vertex degree, Hand shaking theorem, paths and connection, cycles.

UNIT – II (12 hrs)

Applications, the shortest path problem, Sperner’s lemma.
Trees :
Trees, cut edges and Bonds, cut vertices, Cayley’s formula.

UNIT – III (12 hrs) :

Applications of Trees - the connector problem.
Connectivity
Connectivity, Blocks and Applications, construction of reliable communication Networks,

UNIT – IV (12 hrs):

Euler tours and Hamilton cycles
Euler tours, Euler Trail, Hamilton path, Hamilton cycles , dodecahedron graph, Petersen graph,
hamiltonian graph, closure of a graph.

UNIT – V (12 hrs)

Applications of Eulerian graphs, the Chinese postman problem, Fleury’s algorithm - the travelling
salesman problem.

Reference Books :
1. Graph theory with Applications by J.A. Bondy and U.S.R. Murthy published by Mac. Millan
Press
2. Introduction to Graph theory by S. Arumugham and S. Ramachandran, published by
scitech Publications, Chennai-17.
3. A Text Book of Discrete Mathamatics by Dr. Swapan Kumar Sankar, published by [Link] &
Co.
Publishers, New Delhi.
4. Graph theory and combinations by H.S. Govinda Rao published by Galgotia Publications.
 B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS,
SEMESTER – VI, CLUSTER – A,
PAPER – VIII-A-1
Cluster Elective- VIII-A-1: INTEGRAL TRANSFORMS
60 Hrs
UNIT – 1 (12 hrs) Application of Laplace Transform to solutions of Differential Equations : -
Solutions of ordinary Differential Equations.
Solutions of Differential Equations with constants co-efficient
Solutions of Differential Equations with Variable co-efficient

UNIT – 2 (12 hrs) Application of Laplace Transform : -

Solution of simultaneous ordinary Differential Equations.
Solutions of partial Differential Equations.

UNIT – 3 (12 hrs) Application of Laplace Transforms to Integral Equations : -

Definitions : Integral Equations-Abel’s, Integral Equation-Integral Equation of
Convolution Type, Integro Differential [Link] of L.T. to Integral Equations.

UNIT –4 (12 hrs) Fourier Transforms-I : -

Definition of Fourier Transform – Fourier’s in Transform – Fourier cosine Transform –
Linear Property of Fourier Transform – Change of Scale Property for Fourier Transform – sine
Transform and cosine transform shifting property – modulation theorem.

UNIT – 5 (12 hrs) Fourier Transform-II : -

Convolution Definition – Convolution Theorem for Fourier transform – parseval’s
Indentify – Relationship between Fourier and Laplace transforms – problems related to Integral
Equations.
Finte Fourier Transforms : -
Finte Fourier Sine Transform – Finte Fourier Cosine Transform – Inversion formula for
sine and cosine Transforms only statement and related problems.
Reference Books :-
1. Integral Transforms by A.R. Vasistha and Dr. R.K. Gupta Published by Krishna
Prakashan Media Pvt. Ltd. Meerut.
2. A Course of Mathematical Analysis by Shanthi Narayana and P.K. Mittal, Published by
S. Chand and Company pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Fourier Series and Integral Transforms by Dr. S. Sreenadh Published by [Link] and
Company Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
4. Lapalce and Fourier Transforms by Dr. J.K. Goyal and K.P. Gupta, Published by Pragathi
Prakashan, Meerut.
5. Integral Transforms by M.D. Raising hania, - H.C. Saxsena and H.K. Dass Published by
[Link] and Company pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
 B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – VI: PAPER – VIII-A-2
ELECTIVE – VIII-A-2: SPECIAL FUNCTIONS
UNIT-I (HERMITE POLYNOMIAL)
Hermite Differential Equations, Solution of Hermite Equation, Hermite’s
Polynomials, Generating function, Other forms for Hermite Polynomial, To find first few
Hermite Polynomials, Orthogonal properties of Hermite Polynomials, Recurrence
formulae for Hermite Polynomials. CHAPTER: 6.1 to 6.8
UNIT-II (LAGUERRE POLYNOMIALS-I)
Laguerre’s Differential equation, Solution of Laguerre’s equation, Laguerre
Polynomials, Generating function, Other forms for the Laguerre Poynomials, To find first
few Laguerre Polynomials,Orthogonal property of the Laguerre Polynomials, Recurrence
formula for Laguerre Polynomials, Associated Laguerre Equation. CHAPTER: 7.1 to 7.9
UNIT-III (LEGENDRE’S EQUATION)
Definition, Solution of Legendre’s Equation, Definition of Pn x  and Qn x  ,
General solution of Legendre’s Equation(derivationis not required)To show that Pn x  is the
coefficient of h n in the
1
expansion of 1  2 xh  h 2  2 , Orthogonal properties of Legendre’s Equation, Recurrence
formula, Rodrigues formula, CHAPTER: 2.1 to,2.8,2.12,
UNIT-IV (BESSEL’S EQUATION)
Definition, Solution of Bessel’s General Differential Equations, General solution
of Bessel’s Equation, Integration of Bessel’s equation in series for n=0,Definition of J n x  ,
Recurrence formulae for J n x  ,Generating function for J n x  . CHAPTER: 5.1 to 5.7
UNIT-V (Beta and Gamma functions)
Euler’s Integrals-Beta and Gamma Functions, Elementary properties of Gamma Functions,
Transformation of Gamma Functions,Another form of Beta Function, Relation between Beta
and Gamma Functions,Other Transformations. CHAPTER: 2.9to 2.15
Prescribed text book: Special Functions by [Link] and [Link].
 B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – VI: PAPER – VIII-B-1
ELECTIVE – VIII-B-1: ADVANCED NUMERICAL ANALYSIS 60 Hrs

Unit – I (10 Hours)

Curve Fitting: Least – Squares curve fitting procedures, fitting a straight line, nonlinear curve
fitting, Curve fitting by a sum of exponentials.
UNIT- II : (12 hours)
Numerical Differentiation: Derivatives using Newton’s forward difference formula, Newton’s
backward difference formula, Derivatives using central difference formula, stirling’s interpolation
formula, Newton’s divided difference formula, Maximum and minimum values of a tabulated
function.
UNIT- III : (12 hours)
Numerical Integration: General quadrature formula on errors, Trapozoidal rule, Simpson’s 1/3
– rule, Simpson’s 3/8 – rule, and Weddle’s rules, Euler – Maclaurin Formula of summation and
quadrature, The Euler transformation.
UNIT – IV: (14 hours)
Solutions of simultaneous Linear Systems of Equations: Solution of linear systems – Direct
methods, Matrix inversion method, Gaussian elimination methods, Gauss-Jordan Method ,Method
of factorization, Solution of Tridiagonal Systems,. Iterative methods. Jacobi’s method, Gauss-
siedal method.
UNIT – V (12 Hours)
Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations: Introduction, Solution by Taylor’s
Series, Picard’s method of successive approximations, Euler’s method, Modified Euler’s method,
Runge – Kutta methods.

Reference Books :
1. Numerical Analysis by [Link], published by Prentice Hall India (Latest Edition).
2. Numerical Analysis by G. Sankar Rao, published by New Age International Publishers, New
–
Hyderabad.
3. Finite Differences and Numerical Analysis by H.C Saxena published by S. Chand and
Company, Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi.
4. Numerical methods for scientific and engineering computation by [Link], [Link],
R.K. Jain.
 B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – VI: PAPER – VIII-B-2
ELECTIVE – VIII-B-2: SPECIAL FUNCTIONS

UNIT-I (HERMITE POLYNOMIAL)

Hermite Differential Equations, Solution of Hermite Equation, Hermite’s
Polynomials, Generating function, Other forms for Hermite Polynomial, To find first few
Hermite Polynomials, Orthogonal properties of Hermite Polynomials, Recurrence
formulae for Hermite Polynomials. CHAPTER: 6.1 to 6.8
UNIT-II (LAGUERRE POLYNOMIALS-I)
Laguerre’s Differential equation, Solution of Laguerre’s equation, Laguerre
Polynomials, Generating function, Other forms for the Laguerre Poynomials, To find first
few Laguerre Polynomials,Orthogonal property of the Laguerre Polynomials, Recurrence
formula for Laguerre Polynomials, Associated Laguerre Equation. CHAPTER: 7.1 to 7.9
UNIT-III (LEGENDRE’S EQUATION)
Definition, Solution of Legendre’s Equation, Definition of Pn x  and Qn x  ,
General solution of Legendre’s Equation(derivationis not required)To show that Pn x  is the
coefficient of h n in the
1
expansion of 1  2 xh  h 2  2 , Orthogonal properties of Legendre’s Equation, Recurrence
formula, Rodrigues formula, CHAPTER: 2.1 to 2.8,2.12,
UNIT-IV (BESSEL’S EQUATION)
Definition, Solution of Bessel’s General Differential Equations, General solution
of Bessel’s Equation, Integration of Bessel’s equation in series for n=0,Definition of J n x  ,
Recurrence formulae for J n x  ,Generating function for J n x  . CHAPTER: 5.1 to 5.7
UNIT-V (Beta and Gamma functions)
Euler’s Integrals-Beta and Gamma Functions, Elementary properties of Gamma Functions,
Transformation of Gamma Functions,Another form of Beta Function, Relation between Beta
and Gamma Functions,Other Transformations. CHAPTER: 2.9to 2.15
Prescribed text book: Special Functions by [Link] and [Link].
 B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – VI, CLUSTER-B, PAPER – VIII-C-1
Cluster Elective – VIII-C-1 : PRINCIPLES OF MECHANICS
60 Hrs

Unit – I : (10 hours)

D’Alembert’s Principle and Lagrange’s Equations : some definitions – Lagrange’s equations for a
Holonomic system – Lagrange’s Equations of motion for conservative, nonholonomic system.
Unit – II: (10 hours)
Variational Principle and Lagrange’s Equations: Variatonal Principle – Hamilton’s Principle –
Derivation of Hamilton’s Principle from Lagrange’s Equations – Derivation of Lagrange’s
Equations from Hamilton’s Principle – Extension of Hamilton’s Principle – Hamilton’s Principle
for Non-conservative, Non-holonomic system – Generalised Force in Dynamic System –
Hamilton’s Principle for Conservative, Non-holonomic system – Lagrange’s Equations for Non-
conservative, Holonomic system - Cyclic or Ignorable Coordinates.
Unit –III: (15 hours)
Conservation Theorem, Conservation of Linear Momentum in Lagrangian Formulation –
Conservation of angular Momentum – conservation of Energy in Lagrangian formulation.
Unit – IV: (15 hours)
Hamilton’s Equations of Motion: Derivation of Hamilton’s Equations of motion – Routh’s
procedure – equations of motion – Derivation of Hamilton’s equations from Hamilton’s Principle
– Principle of Least Action – Distinction between Hamilton’s Principle and Principle of Least
Action.
Unit – V: (10 hours)
Canonical Transformation: Canonical coordinates and canonical transformations – The necessary
and sufficient condition for a transformation to be canonical – examples of canonical
transformations – properties of canonical transformation – Lagrange’s bracket is canonical
invariant – poisson’s bracket is canonical invariant - poisson’s bracket is invariant under canonical
transformation – Hamilton’s Equations of motion in poisson’s bracket – Jacobi’s identity for
poisson’s brackets.
Reference Text Books :
1. Classical Mechanics by [Link] Published by Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
2. A Text Book of Fluid Dynamics by F. Charlton Published by CBS Publications, New Delhi.
3. Classical Mechanics by Herbert Goldstein, published by Narosa Publications, New Delhi.
4. Fluid Mechanics by T. Allen and I.L. Ditsworth Published by (McGraw Hill, 1972)
5. Fundamentals of Mechanics of fluids by I.G. Currie Published by (CRC, 2002)
6. Fluid Mechanics : An Introduction to the theory, by Chia-shun Yeh Published by (McGraw
Hill, 1974)
7. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics by R.W Fox, A.T Mc Donald and P.J. Pritchard Published by
(John Wiley and Sons Pvt. Ltd., 2003)
 B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – VI, CLUSTER-B, PAPER – VIII-C-2
Cluster Elective–VIII-C-2 : FLUID MECHANICS 60 Hrs
Unit – I : (10 hours)
Kinematics of Fluids in Motion
Real fluids and Ideal fluids – Velocity of a Fluid at a point – Streamlines and pthlines – steady and
Unsteady flows – the velocity potential – The Vorticity vector – Local and Particle Rates of Change
– The equation of Continuity – Acceleration of a fluid – Conditions at a rigid boundary – General
Analysis of fluid motion.
Unit – II : (10 hours)
Equations of motion of a fluid- Pressure at a point in fluid at rest – Pressure at a point in a
moving fluid – Conditions at a boundary of two inviscid immiscible fluids – Euler’s equations of
motion – Bernoulli’s equation – Worked examples.
Unit – III : (10 hours)
Discussion of the case of steady motion under conservative body forces - Some flows involving
axial symmetry – Some special two-dimensional flows – Impulsive motion – Some further
aspects of vortex motion.
Unit – IV : (15 hours)
Some Two – dimensional Flows, Meaning of two-dimensional flow – Use of Cylindrical polar
coordinates – The stream function – The complex potential for two-dimensional, Irrotational,
Incompressible flow – Uniform Stream – The Milne-Thomson Circle theorem – the theorem of
Blasius.
Unit – V : (15 hours)
Viscous flow,Stress components in a real fluid – Relations between Cartesian components of
stress – Translational motion of fluid element – The rate of strain quadric and principal stresses –
Some further properties of the rate of strain quadric – Stress analysis in fluid motion – Relations
between stress and rate of strain – the coefficient of viscosity and laminar flow - The Navier-
Stokes equations of motion of a viscous fluid.
Reference Text Books :
1. A Text Book of Fluid Dynamics by F. Charlton Published by CBS Publications, New Delhi.
2. Classical Mechanics by Herbert Goldstein, published by Narosa Publications, New Delhi.
3. Fluid Mechanics by T. Allen and I.L. Ditsworth published by (McGraw Hill, 1972)
4. Fundamentals of Mechanics of fluids by I.G. Currie published by (CRC, 2002)
5. Fluid Mechanics, An Introduction to the theory by Chia-shun Yeh published by (McGraw Hill,
1974)
6. Fluids Mechanics by F.M White published by (McGraw Hill, 2003)
7. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics by R.W Fox, A.T Mc Donald and P.J. Pritchard published by
(John
Wiley and Sons Pvt. Ltd., 2003
 B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – VI, CLUSTER-D, PAPER – VIII-D-1
Cluster Elective -VIII-D-1: APPLIED GRAPH THEORY
60 Hrs
UNIT – I (12 hrs) :
Matchings
Matchings – Alternating Path, Augmenting Path - Matchings and coverings in Bipartite graphs,
Marriage Theorem, Minimum Coverings.

UNIT –II (12 hrs) :

Perfect matchings, Tutte’s Theorem, Applications, The personal Assignment problem -The
optimal Assignment problem, Kuhn-Munkres Theorem.

UNIT –III (12 hrs) :

Edge Colorings
Edge Chromatic Number, Edge Coloring in Bipartite Graphs - Vizing’s theorem.

UNIT –IV (12 hrs) :

Applications of Matchings, The timetabling problem.
Independent sets and Cliques
Independent sets, Covering number , Edge Independence Number, Edge Covering Number -
Ramsey’s theorem.

UNIT –V (12 hrs) :

Determination of Ramsey’s Numbers – Erdos Theorem, Turan’s theorem and Applications,
Sehur’s theorem. A Geometry problem.

Reference Books :-
1. Graph theory with Applications by J.A. Bondy and U.S.R. Murthy, published by Mac. Millan
Press.
2. Introduction to graph theory by S. Arumugham and S. Ramachandran published by SciTech
publications, Chennai-17.
3. A text book of Discrete Mathematics by Dr. Swapan Kumar Sarkar, published by S. Chand
Publishers.
4. Graph theory and combinations by H.S. Govinda Rao, published by Galgotia Publications.
 B.A./[Link]. THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
SEMESTER – VI, CLUSTER-D, PAPER – VIII-D-2
Cluster Elective -VIII-D-2: Special Functions
UNIT-I (HERMITE POLYNOMIAL)
Hermite Differential Equations, Solution of Hermite Equation, Hermite’s
Polynomials, Generating function, Other forms for Hermite Polynomial, To find first few
Hermite Polynomials, Orthogonal properties of Hermite Polynomials, Recurrence
formulae for Hermite Polynomials. CHAPTER: 6.1 to 6.8
UNIT-II (LAGUERRE POLYNOMIALS-I)
Laguerre’s Differential equation, Solution of Laguerre’s equation, Laguerre
Polynomials, Generating function, Other forms for the Laguerre Poynomials, To find first
few Laguerre Polynomials,Orthogonal property of the Laguerre Polynomials, Recurrence
formula for Laguerre Polynomials, Associated Laguerre Equation. CHAPTER: 7.1 to 7.9
UNIT-III (LEGENDRE’S EQUATION)
Definition, Solution of Legendre’s Equation, Definition of Pn x  and Qn x  ,
General solution of Legendre’s Equation(derivationis not required)To show that Pn x  is the
coefficient of h n in the
1
expansion of 1  2 xh  h 2  2 , Orthogonal properties of Legendre’s Equation, Recurrence
formula, Rodrigues formula, CHAPTER: 2.1 to 2.8,2.12,
UNIT-IV (BESSEL’S EQUATION)
Definition, Solution of Bessel’s General Differential Equations, General solution
of Bessel’s Equation, Integration of Bessel’s equation in series for n=0,Definition of J n x  ,
Recurrence formulae for J n x  ,Generating function for J n x  . CHAPTER: 5.1 to 5.7
UNIT-V (Beta and Gamma functions)
Euler’s Integrals-Beta and Gamma Functions, Elementary properties of Gamma Functions,
Transformation of Gamma Functions,Another form of Beta Function, Relation between Beta
and Gamma Functions,Other Transformations. CHAPTER: 2.9to 2.15
Prescribed text book: Special Functions by [Link] and [Link].
 Guidelines and Evaluation pattern of the project of the cluster

The student who wants to do the project should follow the following.

1. He/She has to select the topic with clear Aim & objectives.

2. He/She has to collect the previous information regarding the topic.

3. He/She has to get the clear idea after getting the reference material ,i.e., how to
proceed and what to do (methodology).

4. before going to discuss the topic, every student has to do at least three Seminars
on his/her chosen topic.

5. Finally he/She has to come with Results &conclusions.

6. Bibliography (Reference Journals/books should be mentioned).

Evaluation pattern for Project Work:

Seminars Report of the project : 50 Project Viva voce

25 Marks (Internal) Marks (External)
(external 25+ 25 Marks
Internal 25 )
1 After 15 days(5 M) [Link] (Selection of Presentation Viva
2 After 30 days(5 M) the topic, Aim & 15 10
3 After 45 days(15M) objectives)
[Link] of information
[Link]
4. Analysis& Discussion
[Link] &
Conclusion
 Some of the Suggested Topics For Projects Work
1. Applications of Differential Equations in

a) Physics b)Chemistry c)Mechanics d) Bio-Life Sciences

2. Applications of Graph Theory
a) Chemistry b)Physics
3. Numerical solution of ordinary differential
Equations using ‘C’ Language applying
A)Euler Methods b) R-K Methods
4. Applications of Graph Theory
5. Applications of Numerical Integration
Using ‘C’ Language.
6. Applications of Laplace transformations in
a) Mechanics b)Electricity
7. Applications of Linear algebra in Electronics.

8. Applications of Linear transformation in

Graphics

9. Applications of Interpolation and extrapolation

10. Application of ‘C’ Language for Riemann integration Problems

11. Application of Matrix theory to Chemistry

12. Mathematical modeling for Aqua Culture using differential equations.

13. Project on finding Mathematics in Carpentry, Pottery, String Art.

14. Mathematics – Nature

15. Mathematics – Fine arts

Note: The above areas of project are only suggested, the topics can be chosen according to the
convenience & creativity of the Concerned Staff and students.
 B.A./ [Link] THIRD YEAR MATHEMATICS
VI SEMESTER
BLUE PRINT FOR QUESTION PAPER
Elective - VII - A: LAPLACE TRANSFORMS

SECTION A : 5 SECTION B : 10 marks

UNIT marks No. of Questions
No. of Questions
I 1 1 (a) or (b)
II 2 1 (a) or (b)
III 2 1 (a) or (b)
IV 1 1 (a) or (b)
V 2 1 (a) or (b)

BLUE PRINT FOR QUESTION PAPER

Elective - VII - B: NUMERICAL ANALYSIS

SECTION A : 5 SECTION B : 10 marks

UNIT marks No. of Questions
No. of Questions
I 1 1 (a) or (b)
II 2 1 (a) or (b)
III 1 1 (a) or (b)
IV 2 1 (a) or (b)
V 2 1 (a) or (b)

BLUE PRINT FOR QUESTION PAPER

Elective - VII - C: NUMBER THEORY

SECTION A : 5 SECTION B : 10 marks

UNIT marks No. of Questions
No. of Questions
I 1 1 (a) or (b)
II 2 1 (a) or (b)
III 1 1 (a) or (b)
IV 2 1 (a) or (b)
V 2 1 (a) or (b)
 BLUE PRINT FOR QUESTION PAPER
Elective - VII - D: GRAPH THEORY

SECTION A : 5 SECTION B : 10 marks

UNIT marks No. of Questions
No. of Questions
I 2 1 (a) or (b)
II 1 1 (a) or (b)
III 2 1 (a) or (b)
IV 2 1 (a) or (b)
V 1 1 (a) or (b)

BLUE PRINT FOR QUESTION PAPER

Cluster Elective - VIII –A - 1: INTEGRAL TRANSFORMS

SECTION A : 5 SECTION B : 10 marks

UNIT marks No. of Questions
No. of Questions
I 2 1 (a) or (b)
II 1 1 (a) or (b)
III 1 1 (a) or (b)
IV 2 1 (a) or (b)
V 2 1 (a) or (b)

BLUE PRINT FOR QUESTION PAPER

Cluster Elective - VIII –B - 1: ADVANCED NUMERICAL ANALYSIS

SECTION A : 5 SECTION B : 10 marks

UNIT marks No. of Questions
No. of Questions
I 1 1 (a) or (b)
II 2 1 (a) or (b)
III 2 1 (a) or (b)
IV 1 1 (a) or (b)
V 2 1 (a) or (b)
 BLUE PRINT FOR QUESTION PAPER
Cluster Elective - VIII –C - 1: PRINCIPLES OF MECHANICS

SECTION A : 5 SECTION B : 10 marks

UNIT marks No. of Questions
No. of Questions
I 1 1 (a) or (b)
II 2 1 (a) or (b)
III 1 1 (a) or (b)
IV 2 1 (a) or (b)
V 2 1 (a) or (b)

BLUE PRINT FOR QUESTION PAPER

Cluster Elective - VIII –D - 1: APPLIED GRAPH THEORY

SECTION A : 5 SECTION B : 10 marks

UNIT marks No. of Questions
No. of Questions
I 2 1 (a) or (b)
II 2 1 (a) or (b)
III 1 1 (a) or (b)
IV 2 1 (a) or (b)
V 1 1 (a) or (b)

BLUE PRINT FOR QUESTION PAPER

Cluster Elective - VIII -A, B, D – 2: SPECIAL FUNCTIONS

SECTION A : 5 SECTION B : 10 marks

UNIT marks No. of Questions
No. of Questions
I 2 1 (a) or (b)
II 1 1 (a) or (b)
III 2 1 (a) or (b)
IV 2 1 (a) or (b)
V 1 1 (a) or (b)
 BLUE PRINT FOR QUESTION PAPER
Cluster Elective - VIII –C - 2: FLUID MECHANICS

SECTION A : 5 SECTION B : 10 marks

UNIT marks No. of Questions
No. of Questions
I 2 1 (a) or (b)
II 2 1 (a) or (b)
III 1 1 (a) or (b)
IV 1 1 (a) or (b)
V 2 1 (a) or (b)
 ADIKAVI NANNAYYA UNIVERSITY
[Link]. DEGREE EXAMINATIONS
SEMESTER-VI SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS
Paper –VII -A Elective – A
Title of the Paper: LaplaceTransformations
MODEL PAPER
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Time: 3 hours Max marks: 75M

SECTION–A

Answer any FIVE from the following questions. Each carries 5 marks. 5X5 = 25 M

1. Find 𝐿{𝑡 𝑛 }, 𝑛 is a positive integer.

(𝑡 − 1)2 , 𝑡>1
2. Evaluate 𝐿{𝐹(𝑡)} 𝑖𝑓 𝐹(𝑡) = {
0, 0<𝑡<1
3. State and Prove first shifting theorem in Laplace Transforms.
4. Find 𝐿{𝑡(3𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑡 − 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡)}
3𝑝−2
5. Find 𝐿−1 {𝑝2 −4𝑝+20}.

𝑒 4−3𝑝
6. Find𝐿−1 [ 5 ].
(𝑝+4) ⁄2

2𝑝+1 1
7. Prove that𝐿−1 {(𝑝+2)2 (𝑝−1)2 }=3 𝑡(𝑒 𝑡 − 𝑒 −2𝑡
𝑝
8. Find𝐿−1 {(𝑝2 +𝑎2)2 }

SECTION – B

Answer the following questions. Each question carries 10 marks. 5 x 10 = 50 M

9. a) Show that the Laplace transformation of the function 𝐹(𝑡) = 𝑡 𝑛 , −1 < 𝑛 < 0 exists,
although it is not a function of class 𝐴.
(OR)
0 when 0 < 𝑡 < 1
b) Find 𝐿{𝐹(𝑡)}, where F(t) = { t when 1 < 𝑡 < 2
0 when t>2
10. a) State and prove second shifting theorem.
(OR)
b) Let 𝐹{𝑡} be continuous for all 𝑡 ≥ 0 and be of exponential order 𝑎 as 𝑡 → ∞ and if 𝐹1 (𝑡)
is of class 𝐴, then show that Laplace transformation of the derivative 𝐹1 (𝑡) exists when
𝑝 > 𝑎, and 𝐿{𝐹1 (𝑡)} = 𝑝𝐿{𝐹(𝑡)} − 𝐹(0).
11. a) If 𝐹(𝑡) is a function of class 𝐴 and if 𝐿{𝐹(𝑡)} = 𝑓(𝑝), then
𝑑𝑛
𝐿{𝑡 𝑛 𝐹(𝑡)} = (−1)𝑛 𝑑𝑝𝑛 𝑓(𝑝), where 𝑛 = 1, 2, 3, …. .

(OR)
b) Find the Laplace transformation of 𝑆𝑖 (𝑡).

4𝑝+5 1 1
12. a) Show that 𝐿−1 {(𝑝−1)2 (𝑝+2) } = 3𝑡𝑒 𝑡 + 3 𝑒 𝑡 − 3 𝑒 −2𝑡
(OR)
𝑝2 1
b) Show that 𝐿−1 {(𝑝4 +4𝑎4 ) } = 2𝑎 (𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑡. 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ𝑎𝑡. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑎𝑡).

13. a) Apply convolution theorem to find the inverse Laplace transform of the function
1
(𝑝−2)(𝑝2 +1)
.

(OR)

b) Applying Heaviside’s expansion formula, prove that

𝑡
1 1 3𝑡 3𝑡
𝐿−1 {𝑝2 +1} = 3 [𝑒 −𝑡 − 𝑒 2 (𝑐𝑜𝑠√ 2 − √3 sin √ 2 )]

***
 MODEL PAPER
THREE YEAR [Link]. DEGREE EXAMINATION
FINAL YEAR EXAMINATIONS
SEMESTER VI Paper –VII B:
ELECTIVE – B: NUMERICALANALYSIS

Time: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 75

………………………………………………………………………….....
SECTION –A
Answer any FIVE of the following questions.
Each carries FIVE marks. 5 x 5 = 25 M

1) Evaluate the sum S = √3+√5+√7 to four significant digits and find its absolute and relative
errors.
2) Explain Bisection Method
3) Find a root of the equation x3-2x-5=0 by using Newton- Raphson method.
4) Prove that 1) E= ehD 2) ∇ = E-1∆.
5) Prove that √1 + 𝛿 2 𝜇 2 = 1 + 𝛿 2 /2
6) Derive Newton’s forward interpolation formula.
7) Find the third divided difference for the function f(x) = 𝑥 3 + x + 2 for the arguments
1,3,6,11
8) Using the inverse Lagrange’s Interpolation Formula if 𝑦1 = 4, 𝑦3 = 12, 𝑦4 = 19, 𝑦𝑥 = 7
then find the value of x

Section-B

Answer ALL the questions. Each carries TEN marks 5 x 10 = 50 M

9a) If u=4x2y3/z4 and errors in x, y, z be 0.001, compute the relative

maximum error in u, when x=y=z=1.
Or
9b) Define absolute, relative, percentage error, and derive general error
formula of a function of ‘n’ variables

10a) Find the root of a equations cos 𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 1 correct to three decimal

places using Iteration method.
Or
10b) Find the real root of the equation x3-9x+1=0 by using Regula Falsi Method.

11a) Given, sin 45° = 0.7071, sin 50° = 0.7660, sin 55° = 0.8192, sin 60° = 0. 8660,
find sin 52° .
Or
11b) State and prove Newton- Gregory backward interpolation formula
 12a) Apply Guass forward formula to find the value of f(9) if f(0)=14, f(4)=24,
f(8)=32, f(12)=35, f(16)=40
.
Or
12b) State and prove Bessel’s formula.

13a) By means of Newton’s divided difference formula, find the value f(8) and
f(15) from the following table :
x 4 5 7 10 11 13
f(x) 48 100 294 900 1210 2028
.
Or
13b) State and prove Lagrange’s Interpolation Formula

****
 MATHEMATICS MODEL PAPER
SIXTH SEMESTER – VII(C)
NUMBER THEORY
COMMON FOR B.A &[Link]
(w.e.f. 2015-16 admitted batch)
Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 75
SECTION-A

Answer any FIVE questions. Each question carries FIVE marks. 5 x 5 = 25 Marks

1. If (a, b) = 1 then prove that ( a+b, a-b) is either 1 or 2

2. If c/ab and (b, c) =1 then prove that c/a.
3. Solve the congruence 25x ≡ 15 (mod 120).
4. If a ≡ b (mod m) and c ≡ d (mod m) then prove that ac ≡ bd (mod m)
5. If G is finite and a ∈ G then prove that there is a positive integer n ≤ |G| such that 𝑎𝑛 = e.
6. Define the Jacobi symbol
10
7. Find all primes p such that ( 𝑝 ) = 1
8. For any positive integer n prove that ∑𝑑/𝑛 𝜑(𝑑) = 𝑛
SECTION-B

Answer the all FIVE questions. Each carries TEN marks. 5 x 10 = 50 Marks

9 (a). State and prove Fundamental theorem of arithmetic.

Or
9 (b). Let d = (826, 1890). Use the Euclidean algorithm to compute d, then express d as a linear
combination of 826 and 1890
10 (a). State and prove Wilson’s theorem.
Or
10 (b). State and prove Fermat’s little theorem.
11 (a).Prove that any complete residue system modulo m forms a group under addition
modulo m.
Or
11(b). Let G=(a) be finite group of order n and let G’ be a sub group of order m. Prove that m/n.
12(a). Determine whether 219 is a quadratic residue or nonresidue mod 383.
Or
12(b). Let p be an odd prime Then prove that for all n, (n/p) ≡ 𝑛(𝑝−1)/2(mod p)
13(a). State and prove Mobius inversion formula.
Or
13(b). What is the highest power of 2 dividing 533! ? The highest power of 3 The highest power
of 6
The highest power of 6 The highest power of 12 .
 ADI KAVI NANNAYYA UNIVERSITY
THREE YEAR [Link]. DEGREE EXAMINATION
SEMESTER VI MATHEMATICS
Paper –VII D: ELECTIVE – D: GRAPH THEORY
MODEL PAPER

Time: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 75

………………………………………………………………………
SECTION –A

Answer any FIVE of the following questions. Each carries FIVE marks. 5 x 5 = 25 M

1. Write the vertex set, edge set and degree of every vertex of the graph

2. Define incidence and adjacency matrix and write the incidence and adjacency matrices of the
graph

3. Prove that in a tree, any two vertices are connected by a unique path.
4. If G is connected then prove that any two vertices of G lie on a common cycle.
5. Define the vertex cut and edge cut of a graph G(V,E) and give examples.
6. Define Eulerian graph and give an example.
7. Draw the Dodecahedran graph and a Hamilton cycle of it.
8. Explain the Chinese post man problem.
SECTION – B
Answer the following questions. Each question carries TEN mars. 5 x 10 = 50 M
9. (a) Define the degree of a vertex in a graph G and prove that the number of vertices of
odd degree is even.
(OR)
(b) Define sub graph of a graph and write four sub graphs of
10. (a) Write the Dijkastras algorithm for finding the shortest path between two vertices in
a graph and give an example.
(OR)
(b) Prove that a connected graph is a tree if and only if every edge is a cut edge.
11. (a) Write the Kruskal’s Algorithm for finding a minimal spanning tree and find a
minimal spanning tree of the following graph.

(OR)
(b) Define blocks of a graph and draw the blocks of the following graph.

12. (a) Prove that a connected graph has an Euler trail if and only if it has at most two
vertices of odd degree.
(OR)
𝜈
(b) If G is a simple graph with 𝜈 ≥ 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛿 ≥ 2 then prove that G is Hamiltonian.
13. (a) Write the Fleury’s algorithm and give an example.
(OR)
(b) Explain the travelling sales man problem.

****
 ADIKAVI NANNAYYA UNIVERSITY
[Link]. DEGREE EXAMINATIONS
SEMESTER-VI SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS
Paper –VIII-A-1 Cluster: D
Title of the Paper: Integral Transformations
MODEL PAPER
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Time: 3 hours Max marks: 75M

SECTION–A

Answer any FIVE from the following questions. Each carries 5 marks. 5X5 = 25M

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑 𝑦
1. Solve 𝑑𝑥 2 + 𝑦 = 0 under the conditions that 𝑦 = 1, 𝑑𝑥 = 0 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡 = 0.
2. Solve (𝐷2 + 2𝐷 + 1)𝑦 = 3𝑡𝑒 −𝑡 , 𝑡 > 0 , subject to the conditions 𝑦 = 4, 𝐷𝑦 = 2
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡 = 0.
3. Solve (𝐷 − 1)𝑥 + 5𝐷𝑦 = 𝑡, −2𝐷𝑥 + (𝐷2 − 4)𝑦 = −2 if 𝑥 = 0 = 𝐷𝑥 = 𝑦 = 𝐷𝑦 when
2

𝑡 = 0.
𝑡
4. Solve the integral equation ∫0 𝐹(𝑢) F(𝑡 − 𝑢) 𝑑𝑢 = 16 𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑡.

5. If𝑓̃(𝑝) and 𝑔̃(𝑝) are Fourier Transforms of 𝑓(𝑥) and 𝑔(𝑥) respectively , then prove that
𝐹 {𝑎𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑏𝑔(𝑥)} = 𝑎𝑓̃(𝑝) + 𝑏𝑔̃(𝑝)
1 − 𝑥2 , |𝑥| ≤ 1
6. Find the Fourier Transform of 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = {
0, |𝑥| > 1
∞
7. Solve the integral equation ∫0 𝑓(𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠λx dx =𝑒 −λ
𝑥
8. Find the finite cosine transform of (1 − 𝜋)2.

SECTION – B

Answer all the questions. Each question carries 10 marks. 5 x 10 = 50 M

9. a) Solve (𝐷 + 1)2 𝑦 = 𝑡 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑦 = −3, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = −1, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡 = 1.

(OR)
b) Solve(𝐷2 + 1)𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑡, 𝑡 > 0 𝑖𝑓 𝑦 = 1, 𝐷𝑦 = 0 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡 = 0

10. a) Solve 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐷𝑦 = 𝑡, 𝐷2 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑡 if 𝑥(0) = 3, 𝑥 𝐼 (0) = −2, 𝑦(0) = 0.

(OR)
𝜕𝑦 𝜕2 𝑦
b) Solve 𝜕𝑡 = 2 𝜕𝑥 2 where 𝑦(0, 𝑡) = 0 = 𝑦(5, 𝑡) and 𝑦(𝑥, 0) = 10 𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝜋𝑥
 1
11. a) Solve the integral equation 𝐹(𝑡) = 1 + ∫0 𝐹(𝑢) . sin(𝑡 − 𝑢) 𝑑𝑢 and verify your
solution.
(OR)
1 𝐹(𝑢)𝑑𝑢.
b) Solve the integral equation∫0 1 = 𝑡(1 + 𝑡)
(𝑡−𝑢)3

2
12. a) Find the Fourier Cosine Transform of 𝑒 −𝑥
(OR)
b) State and Prove Parsvel’s identity for Fourier Transforms.
cos 𝑘(𝜋−𝑥)
13. a) Find the finite cosine transform of 𝑓(𝑥) if 𝑓(𝑥) = - .
𝑘 sin 𝑘𝜋

(OR)
b) Find the finite Fourier sine and cosine transformations of the function

𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥, 0 < 𝑥 < 4.

***
 MODEL PAPER
THREE YEAR [Link]. DEGREE EXAMINATION
FINAL YEAR EXAMINATIONS
SEMESTER VI Paper –VIII- B-1:
Cluster Elective - VIII –B - 1: ADVANCED NUMERICAL ANALYSIS

Time: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 75

………………………………………………………………………….....
SECTION –A

Answer any FIVE of the following questions.

Each carries FIVE marks. 5 x 5 = 25 M

1) Fit the line y = a +bx using the following data using least square method

X 0 1 2 3
Y 2 5 8 11

2) Prove that E = ehD

3) From the following table, find the value of x for which y is maximum and find this value of
y.

x 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6

𝑒𝑥 0.9320 0.9636 0.9855 0.9975 0.9996
5 𝑑𝑥
4) Evaluate ∫0 by using Trapezoidal Rule.
4𝑥+5
5.2
5) Evaluate ∫4 logx dx by using Weddle’s rule.

6) Solve the equations 2x1 + x2 + x3 = 10: 3x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 = 18: x1 + 4x2 + 9x3 = 16:
Using Gauss elimination method.
7) Using Taylor series method, solve the equation dy/dx =( x2+y2 ) for x=0.4 given that y=0
when x=0
8) Solve by Euler’s method, dy/dx=x+y2,y(0)=1 and find y(0.3) with h=0.1

Section-B

Answer ALL the questions. Each carries TEN marks 5 x 10 = 50 M

9a) Derive the normal equations to fitting a second degree polynomial.

 Or
9b) Determine the constants a and b by the method of least squares such that
y=aebx
X 2 4 6 8 10
Y 4.077 11.084 30.128 81.897 222.62

𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
10a) Using the given table, find 𝑑𝑥 and 𝑑𝑥 2 at x = 1.1
x 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6

y 7.989 8.403 8.781 9.129 9.451 9.750 10.031

.
Or

10b) Find f ′ (0.6) and f ′′ (0.6) from the following table :

x 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

f(x) 1.5836 1.7974 2.0442 2.3275 2.6510

11a) Obtain general formula for Quadrature. And hence derive Trapezoidal Rule
Or
1 𝑑𝑥
11b) Find the value of the integral ∫0 1+𝑥 2 by using Simpson’s 1/3rd and 3/8th
rule. Hence obtain the approximate value of π in each case.
12a) Solve the following system of equations by using Gauss- Seidel method
Correct to three decimal places
10𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 9; 2𝑥 + 20𝑦 − 2𝑧 = −44; −2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 10𝑧 = 22;
Or
12b) Solve the following system of equations by using Gauss- Jacobi method
Correct to three decimal places.
8𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 2𝑧 = 20; 4𝑥 + 11𝑦 − 𝑧 = 33; 6𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 12𝑧 = 35;

13a) Use the Euler’s modified method find y at x=0.02 by taking h=0.01 for the
differential equation dy/dx= x2+y and y (0)=1.
.
Or
13b) Apply the fourth order R-K method to find y(0.1) and y(0.2), given
dy/dx= xy+y2, y(0)=1

****
 [Link]: Mathematics

Cluster Elective – VIII-C-1

Principles of Mechanics

Model Paper

Section -A
I. Answer ALL questions. 5 x 10 = 50
1. a) Derive Lagrange’s equation form D’Aleberts principle.
(Or)
b) Obtain the equation of motion of a simple pendulum by Lagrangian method and hence
deduce the formula for its time period for small aptitude oscillations.
2. a) State Hamilton’s principle and derive Lagranges equation from Hamilton principle.
(Or)
b) Derive Lagranges equations for non-conservative system.
3. a) State and prove theorem of conservation for linear momentum.
(Or)
b) State and prove theorem of conservation of angular momentum.
4. a) Derive Hamiltons Canonical equations of motion.
(Or)
b) State and prove principle of least action.
5. a) Show that fundamental Poisson brackets are invariant with respect to canonical
transformations.
(Or)
b) State and prove Jacob’s Identity.
Section - B
II. Answer any FIVE questions 5 x 5
=25
1. Derive equation of D’Alembert’s principle using Newton’s- second law of motion.
2. What are holonomic and non-holonomic constraints.
3. Find the equation of motion of one dimensional harmonic oscillator using Hamilton’s
principle.
4. What is a cyclic coordinate? illustrate with example.
5. Derive Hamilton equation of motion for simple pendulum.
6. Obtain the Lagrangian, Hamilton and equations of motion for a projectile near the surface of
the earth.
7. Define and derive relations for canonical and Legendre transformations.
8. Show that Lagrange’s bracket is invariant under canonical transformation.
 [Link]: Mathematics
Cluster Elective – VIII-C-2
Fluid Mechanics
Model Paper
Section -A

I. Answer ALL questions. 5 x 10 = 50

1. a) Derive equation of continuity and deduce equation for steady flow and incompressible fluids.
(Or)
𝑘 2 (𝑥𝐽−𝑦𝑖)
b) Show that motion specified by ɋ̅ = (k constant) is i) incompressible and determine
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2
equations of stream line. ii) Show that flow is of potential kind.
2. a) Derive Euler equation of motion.
(Or)
b) Derive Bernoulli’s equation of motion.
3. a) Discuss the flow with axial symmetry of underwater explosion giving spherical gasbubble
(Or)
b) Define the vorticity w in the motion of a continuous medium with velocity v. Derive vorticity
𝜕𝑤
equation 𝜕𝑡 + (V.∇)w = (w. ∇)V for a motion of an inviscid incompressible fluid of uniform
density.
4. a) Define velocity potential and stream function and show that for two dimensional study, flow
poisons.
(Or)
b) Define irrotational and incompressible flow- State and prove the Milne – Thomson circle,
theorem
5. a) Derive Navier – Stokes equations of motion of a viscous Fluid.
(Or)
b) Define stress and strain of viscous fluid and discuss the relations between stress and rate of
strain.
Section - B
II. Answer any Five questions 5 x
5=25

1. For an incompressible fluid q=-wyi + wxj (w constant) show that i) ∇. ɋ =0 ii) flow is not of the
potential kind iii) stream lines are circles.
2. The velocity components in a two–dimensional flow for an incompressible fluid are
𝑦3 𝑥3
u= 3 +2x-x2y; v= xy2-2y - 3
a) Obtain stream function 𝛹 b) Obtain velocity potential 𝝓
3. For a three – dimensional flow field described by V = (y2 +z2) i + (x2+z2 ) j + (x2+ y2) k find at
(1,2,3) i) components of acceleration ii) components of rotation
4. Derive equation of steady motion under conservative body force.
5. Derive equations of velocity components for uniform flow past a fixed infinite circular cylinder
6. Show that the complex potential for two dimensional, Irrotational, incompressible flow satisfy
Cauchy – Rieman equations.
7. Discuss stress analysis for fluid motion.
𝑑𝑣
8. Define coefficient of viscosity and in usual notation Prove that Pzy=µ𝑑𝑧 .Also find dimensions
of µ
 ADI KAVI NANNAYYA UNIVERSITY
THREE YEAR [Link]. DEGREE EXAMINATION
SEMESTER VI MATHEMATICS
Cluster Elective -VIII –D - 1: APPLIED GRAPH THEORY
MODEL PAPER
Time: 3 hours Maximum Marks:75
………………………………………………………………………
SECTION –A
Answer any FIVE of the following questions. Each carries FIVE marks.5 x 5 = 25 M

1. Define and give example of maximum and Perfect matching in graphs.

2. Define and give example of M-Alternating Path and Covering of a graph.
3. Prove that every 3-regular graph with out cut edges has a perfect matching.
4. Define an M-alternating tree and give an example.
5. Define Proper k- edge coloring and give an example.
6. Explain the time table problem with an example.
7. A set 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑉 is an independent set of G if and only if 𝑉 ⁄𝑆 is a covering of G.
8. Give an example of (3,5) – Ramsey graph.
SECTION – B
Answer the following questions. Each question carries TEN marks. 5 x 10 = 50 M
9. (a) If G is a k-regular bipartite graph with k>0 then prove that G has a perfect matching.
(OR)
(b) In a bipartite graph, prove that the number of edges in a maximum matching is equal
to the number of vertices in a minimum covering.
10. (a) Write the Hungarian method.
(OR)
(b) Write the Kuhn – Munkers Algorithm.
11. (a) Let G be a connected graph that is not an odd cycle. Then prove that G has a 2-edge
coloring in which both colors are represented at each vertex of degree at least two.
(OR)
′
(b) If G is bipartite, then prove that 𝑋 = Δ.
12. (a) If G is bipartite, and if 𝑝 ≥ Δ, then prove that there exist p disjoint matchings
𝑀1 , 𝑀2 , … , 𝑀𝑝 𝑜𝑓 𝐺 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝐸 = 𝑀1 ∪ 𝑀2 ∪ … ∪ 𝑀𝑝 𝑎𝑛𝑑,
𝑓𝑜𝑟 1 ≤ 𝑖 ≤ 𝑝 [𝜀 ⁄𝑝] ≤ |𝑀𝑖 | ≤ {𝜀 ⁄𝑝}.
(OR)
′ ′
(b) If 𝛿 > 0, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝛼 + 𝛽 = 𝜈.
𝑘+𝑙−2
13. (a) Prove that 𝑟(𝑘, 𝑙) ≤ ( ).
𝑘−1
(OR)
(b) If a simple graph G contains no 𝐾𝑚−1 , then prove that G is degree majorised by
some complete m-partite graph H.
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY, RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B.A/[Link] VI Semester MATHEMATICS PAPER-VIII (A,B,D-2)
CLUSTER ELECTIVE - SPECIAL FUNCTIONS
Time:3Hrs [Link]

SECTION-A
Answer any 5 questions of the following. 5X5=25

1. Prove that Hn
11
x  4nn  1H n2


2. Evaluate  xe H n  x H m x dx
x 2


n 1

3. Prove that Ln x    Lr x 
1

r 0

 1 2 n!
n

4. Prove that pn 0  0 for ‘n’ odd and p n 0   2 for ‘n’ even
 n  
2  !
n

 2  
1

5. Prove that  P x P x dx  0

1
m n if mn

J 0   J1
1
J 2  J 0  2J 0
11
6. Prove that i) ii)
2 J n x   J n1 x   J n1 x 
1
7. Prove that
a

 
4 2 2
8. Evaluate x a x dx
0
SECTION-B
Answer all the following questions 5X10=50
 n
H n x 
t
e 2txt  
2

9. a) Prove that
n 0 n !
OR

0 if m  n
b) Prove that  e H n x H m x dx 
x 2

n

 2 n n! if m  n

10. a) Prove that Ln x  

e x d n n x
n! dx n
x e  
OR
 b) Find L0 x , L1 x , L2 x , L3 x  and L4 x 

11. a) Prove that Pn x  

1 dn 2
n n

x 1
n

n!2 dx
OR
b) Prove that 2n  1xPn x  n  1Pn1 x  nPn1 x
12.a) Show that i) J n x    1 J n x  when n is a positive integer
n

ii) J n  x    1 J n x  when n is a negative integer

n

OR

xJ n x   nJ n x   xJ n1 x 
1
b) Prove that
l m
 l ,m 
13. a) Prove that
l  m
OR

 1  1 2 n 
n

b) When n is a positive integer, Prove that   n   

 2  1.3.5.....2n  1

*****