Vol. 132 (2017) ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A No.
Special issue of the 3rd International Conference on Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering (ICCESEN 2016)
Evaluation of Marble Dust for Soil Stabilization
F. Yilmaz∗ and M. Yurdakul
Bayburt University, Civil Engineering Department, Bayburt, Turkey
Usage of marble dust was investigated for soil stabilization in the scope of utilization of waste material.
Geotechnical properties, such as compaction, Atterberg limits, unconfined compressive strength of the mixtures
and changes of these properties with the marble dust ratio were determined. From the test results it is seen that
marble dust increases the mechanical properties of soil and application of dust wastes for soil stabilization will be
an efficient practice in terms of solid waste management.
DOI: 10.12693/APhysPolA.132.710
PACS/topics: [Link], 94.05.59, 89.60.–k, [Link]
1. Introduction TABLE I
Type of mixtures and their notations.
Expansive soils can be a significant problem in engi-
neering applications and stabilization of these soils is Type of mixture Notation
necessary to mitigate their detrimental effects. Lime, Soil S
cement and bitumen are commonly used additives for Soil&Bentonite SB
stabilization of expansive soils [1–3]. Recently, different Soil, Bentonite & Marble Dust SBMD
additive materials such as fly ash, rice husk ash, silica Soil, Bentonite & 5% Marble Dust SBMD/5
fume, ladle furnace slag and geo fibers are used to im- Soil, Bentonite & 10% Marble Dust SBMD/10
prove some geotechnical properties of poor soils [4–10]. Soil, Bentonite & 15% Marble Dust SBMD/15
Besides these additives, industrial wastes such as olive Soil, Bentonite & 20% Marble Dust SBMD/20
oil wastes [11] and basalt fibers [12] are also used for re- Soil, Bentonite & 25% Marble Dust SBMD/25
mediation of soils. Yilmaz et al. [13] have used stone Soil, Bentonite & 30% Marble Dust SBMD/30
wastes in stabilization of clayey soils as a pozzolanic ad- Soil, Bentonite & 35% Marble Dust SBMD/35
ditive. That study had proven that using stone wastes Soil, Bentonite & 40% Marble Dust SBMD/40
with lime for stabilization of clayey soils gives meaningful
values on unconfined compressive strength.
The main objective of this study was to investigate
the effect of marble dust on strength behaviour of high
plasticity silty soils. Prepared natural and stabilized soil
samples were cured 28 days and after curing period uni-
axial compressive strength tests were performed.
2. Materials and methods Fig. 1. Grain size curve of soil (a) and marble dust (b).
Marble dust was used in this research study to see the
improvement of high plasticity silty soil with addition silt (MH), according to Unified Soil Classification System
of this by-product. Besides, 10% bentonite was added (USCS). Optimum moisture content of soil has been cal-
to natural soil and bentonite-soil mixture was treated culated to be 18% after compaction test. Through this
with the addition of marble dust in different percenta- experiment, it was found that optimum moisture content
ges. Type of mixtures and their notations are presented increases with the increasing marble dust ratio.
in Table I. Marble dust used in this investigation was
TABLE II
provided by marble stone quarries in Bayburt.
Figure 1 presents grain size curves of soil and marble Engineering properties of silty soil used in experiments.
dust, respectively. Engineering properties of silty soil are
IS claasification MH
given in Table II.
Liquid limit, LL [%] 55.0
After sieving analysis, Atterberg limit tests were per-
Plastic limit, PL [%] 34.0
formed and soil type has been classified as high plasticity
Plasticity index, PI [%] 21.0
Optimum moisture content, wopt [%] 18.0
Maximum dry density, ρkmax [Mg/m3 ] 1.56
∗ corresponding author; e-mail: fyilmaz@[Link]
(710)
Evaluation of Marble Dust for Soil Stabilization 711
3. Results and conclusions As a consequence, experimental results of this study
reveal that using marble dust as an additive for soil sta-
Unconfined compressive strength values of specimens bilization gives good results and it is an environmen-
are presented in Table III and it is indicated that the tally friendly implementation in terms of solid waste
strength of each marble dust-silty soil specimen incre- management.
ases with the increase of the curing duration and the
percentage of marble dust. The variations of unconfined References
compressive strength with marble dust content for 7 and
28 days of curing are plotted in Fig. 2, respectively. [1] M. Jafari, M. Esna-Ashari, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol.
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TABLE III
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of Curing period
[4] M. Olgun, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 93, 36 (2013).
mixture 7 days 28 days
[5] N. Yarbaşı, E. Kalkan, S. Akbulut, Cold Reg. Sci.
S 107.14 117.35 Technol. 48, 44 (2007).
SB 104.96 115.00
[6] A.B. Göktepe, A. Sezer, G.İ. Sezer, K. Ramyar, Con-
SBMD/5 112.24 130.00 struct. Build. Mater. 22, 675 (2008).
SBMD/10 120.00 140.00
[7] K. Hazirbaba, H. Gullu, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 63,
SBMD/15 150.00 155.00 50 (2010).
SBMD/20 173.47 193.98 [8] T. Wu, M. Chi, R. Huang, Construct. Build. Mater.
SBMD/25 183.97 198.98 66, 172 (2014).
SBMD/30 195.00 224.49 [9] J.M. Manso, V. Ortega-Lopez, J.A. Polanco, J. Se-
SBMD/35 200.00 230.00 tien, Construct. Build. Mater. 40, 126 (2013).
SBMD/40 212.00 255.10 [10] A.R. Goodarzi, H.R. Akbari, M. Salimi, Appl. Clay
Sci. 132–133, 675 (2016).
[11] M. Attom, M.M. Al-Sharif, Appl. Clay Sci. 13, 219
(1998).
[12] C.P. Ndepete, S. Sert, Acta Phys. Pol. A 130, 355
(2016).
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Pol. A 128, B-392 (2015).
Fig. 2. Variation of unconfined compressive strength
with marble dust ratio after 7 (a) and 28 (b) days of
curing.
The effect of marble dust on unconfined compressive
strength of silty soil has been studied. It is seen from the
test results that the addition of marble dust enhances the
strength values of soil. The variation of unconfined com-
pressive strength after 7 and 28 days of curing period was
similar and the maximum strength values were found in
SBMD/40 specimen. On the other hand, getting to hig-
her values of strength shows pozzolanic activity of marble
dust.
