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Water Logging and Salinity in Agriculture

The document discusses water logging and salinity issues in agricultural lands. It defines water logging as natural flooding or over-irrigation that brings underground water to the surface, displacing air in soil. Causes of water logging include permanent or periodic submersion of land, heavy rainfall, swampy valleys, and over-irrigation. Salinity occurs when harmful salts in the root zone affect plant growth. Contributing factors to both issues are inadequate drainage, seepage from canals, impermeable soil layers, and excessive irrigation. The effects include inhibited soil bacteria, reduced available water and oxygen, decreased temperatures, and salt accumulation. Solutions proposed are improved drainage, restricted irrigation, and reducing surface evaporation.

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Vedant Patel
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181 views13 pages

Water Logging and Salinity in Agriculture

The document discusses water logging and salinity issues in agricultural lands. It defines water logging as natural flooding or over-irrigation that brings underground water to the surface, displacing air in soil. Causes of water logging include permanent or periodic submersion of land, heavy rainfall, swampy valleys, and over-irrigation. Salinity occurs when harmful salts in the root zone affect plant growth. Contributing factors to both issues are inadequate drainage, seepage from canals, impermeable soil layers, and excessive irrigation. The effects include inhibited soil bacteria, reduced available water and oxygen, decreased temperatures, and salt accumulation. Solutions proposed are improved drainage, restricted irrigation, and reducing surface evaporation.

Uploaded by

Vedant Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SUBMITTED BY –

DrKUMAR
ASHISH Vinodkumar Rana
SAHOO-114030
DIVAKAR -114052
 Water Logging:
Water logging is the natural flooding and over-
irrigation that brings water at underground
levels to the surface. As a consequence,
displacement of the air occurs in the soil with
corresponding changes in soil processes and an
accumulation of toxic substances that impede
plant growth
 1) Water logging due to permanent submersion of land.
Such as ponds, rivers, etc.
 2) Water logging from periodical submersion such as
coastal &land inundation by soil water or runoff of
freshwater over lands etc.
 3) Temporary water logging by stagnation of water as a
result of heavy rainfall.
 4)Another cause of water logging is swampy areas in
valleys.
 5) Water logging from artificial irrigation of agricultural
lands in polders areas.
 Inadequate surface Drainage
 Seepage from canal system
 Over irrigation of fields
 Impermeable clay layer below the soil.
 Construction of a water reservoir
 Natural obstruction to the flow of ground
water
 Inhabiting activity of soil bacteria.
 Decrease in available capillary water
 Fall in soil temperature
 Defective air circulation
     Rise of salt   
 Delay in cultivation operations
      Growth of flora(unwanted plants species)
 Adverse effects on community health
 Less availability of oxygen
 
 Providing efficient surface Drainage.
 Reducing percolation(the slow passage of a
liquid through a filtering medium) from canals.
 Restriction of unwanted irrigation.
 Adoption of sprinkler method for irrigation
 Removing obstructions in natural drainage.
    If the concentration of harmful salts in the root
zone of a plant increases to such on extent that
plant growth is effected, this situation is called
Salinity.
 The factors contributing towards the problem
of salinity are almost same as that of water
logging.

 Every agricultural soil has certain mineral salt is


also called alkali salts in it like NaCl, Na2CO3,
Na2 SO4 etc.
 When these soluble alkali salts are excess in
soil these salts get mixed with ground water
and with upward movement of   water not
only accumulated in first 3~4ft of soil layer
below ground surface but also form a tin
2”~3” crust on surface.
 Corrosive Action to Plants.

 Formation of Alkali Soil.


 Controlled Irrigation.
 Providing adequate surface drainage.
 Allowing lower intensity of irrigation.
 Reducing surface evaporation.
 Not using alkaline water for irrigation purpose.
 https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=2905
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterlogging_(agricultur
e)
 http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/water/waterlogging/
waterlogging-definition-causes-effects-with-statistics

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