An American National Standard

Designation: D 396 – 05

Standard Specification for

Fuel Oils1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 396; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents

1.1 This specification (Note 1) covers grades of fuel oil 2.1 ASTM Standards: 2
intended for use in various types of fuel-oil-burning equipment D 56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
under various climatic and operating conditions. These grades D 86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
are described as follows: Atmospheric Pressure
1.1.1 Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, No. 2 S5000, and D 93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
No. 2 S500 are middle distillate fuels for use in domestic and Closed Cup Tester
small industrial burners. Grades No. 1 S5000 and No. 1 S500 D 95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and
are particularly adapted to vaporizing type burners or where Bituminous Materials by Distillation
storage conditions require low pour point fuel. D 97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
1.1.2 Grades No. 4 (Light) and No. 4 are heavy distillate D 129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-
fuels or middle distillate/residual fuel blends used in eral Bomb Method)
commercial/industrial burners equipped for this viscosity D 130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from
range. Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
1.1.3 Grades No. 5 (Light), No. 5 (Heavy), and No. 6 are D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
residual fuels of increasing viscosity and boiling range, used in and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic
industrial burners. Preheating is usually required for handling Viscosity)
and proper atomization. D 473 Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel
NOTE 1—For information on the significance of the terminology and
Oils by the Extraction Method
test methods used in this specification, see Appendix X1. D 482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
NOTE 2—A more detailed description of the grades of fuel oils is given D 524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of
in X1.3. Petroleum Products
D 975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
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1.2 This specification is for the use of purchasing agencies

in formulating specifications to be included in contracts for D 1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products
purchases of fuel oils and for the guidance of consumers of fuel (Lamp Method)
oils in the selection of the grades most suitable for their needs. D 1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
1.3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
of federal, state, or local regulations which can be more Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
restrictive. D 1552 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as (High-Temperature Method)
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this D 2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
standard. D 2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
NOTE 3—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create D 2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle
problems in the handling of distillate burner fuel oils. For more informa- Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge
tion on the subject, see Guide D 4865.
D 2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of
Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
2
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
D02.E0 on Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels. contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published July 2005. Originally approved Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
in 1934. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 396–04. the ASTM website.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

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 D 396 – 05
D 3245 Test Method for Pumpability of Industrial Fuel Oils 5.1.1 Flash Point—Test Method D 93 (Procedure A) for
D 3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, No. 2 S5000, No. 2 S500,
Cup Tester and No. 4 (Light), and Test Method D 93 (Procedure B) for
D 4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of Grades No. 4, No. 5 (Light), No. 5 (Heavy), and No. 6, except
Liquids by Digital Density Meter where other methods are prescribed by law. For Grades No. 1
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and S5000, No. 1 S500, No. 2 S5000, No. 2 S500, and No. 4
Petroleum Products (Light), Test Methods D 3828 may be used as an alternate with
D 4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum the same limits. For Grades No. 1, No. 1 Low Sulfur, No. 2,
Products by Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spec- and No. 2 Low Sulfur, Test Method D 56 may be used as an
trometry alternate with the same limits, provided the flash point is below
D 4865 Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static 93°C and the viscosity is below 5.5 mm2/s at 40°C. This test
Electricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems method will give slightly lower values. In cases of dispute, Test
D 5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Method D 93, with the appropriate procedure, shall be used as
Light Hydrocarbons, Motor Fuels and Oils by Ultraviolet the referee method.
Fluorescence 5.1.2 Pour Point—Test Method D 97. For all grades, the
D 5949 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products automatic Test Methods D 5949, D 5950, and D 5985 can be
(Automatic Pressure Pulsing Method) used as alternates with the same limits. In case of dispute, Test
D 5950 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products Method D 97 shall be used as the referee method. Alternative
(Automatic Tilt Method) test methods that indicate flow point properties can be used for
D 5985 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products low sulfur residual fuels by agreement between purchaser and
(Rotational Method) supplier.
D 6469 Guide to Microbial Contamination in Fuels and 5.1.3 Water and Sediment—The water and sediment in
Fuel Systems Grade No. 1 S500, No. 1 S5000, No. 2 S500, and No. 2 S5000
2.2 Other Documents:3 shall be determined in accordance with Test Method D 2709
26 CFR Part 48 Diesel Fuel Excise Tax; Dye Color and and in Grade Nos. 4, 5, and 6 by Test Method D 95 and Test
Concentration Method D 473. A density of 1.0 kg/L shall be used for the Test
40 CFR Part 80 Regulation of Fuel and Fuel Additives Method D 95 water.
5.1.4 Carbon Residue—Test Method D 524.
3. General Requirements 5.1.5 Ash—Test Method D 482.
3.1 The grades of fuel oil specified herein shall be homo- 5.1.6 Distillation—Distillation of Grade No. 1 and No. 2
geneous hydrocarbon oils, free from inorganic acid, and free oils shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods D 86
from excessive amounts of solid or fibrous foreign matter. or D 2887.5 In case of dispute, Test Method D 86 shall be used
3.2 All grades containing residual components shall remain as the referee test method.
uniform in normal storage and not separate by gravity into light 5.1.7 Viscosity—Viscosity shall be determined in accor-
and heavy oil components outside the viscosity limits for the dance with Test Method D 445.
grade. 5.1.8 Density—Test Method D 1298. Test Method D 4052
can be used as an alternate with the same limits. In case of
4. Detailed Requirements dispute, Test Method D 1298 shall be used as the referee
4.1 The various grades of fuel oil shall conform to the method.
limiting requirements shown in Table 1. A representative 5.1.9 Corrosion—Test Method D 130, 3 h test at 50°C.
sample shall be taken for testing in accordance with Practice 5.1.10 Sulfur—Test Method D 129 for Grades 1, 2, 4, 5, and
D 4057. 6 and Test Method D 2622 for Grades No. 1 S500 and No. 2
4.2 Modifications of limiting requirements to meet special S500. Test Methods D 1552, D 2622, and D 4294 can also be
operating conditions agreed upon between the purchaser, the used for all grades. In addition, Test Method D 1266 can be
seller, and the supplier shall fall within limits specified for each used for Grade No. 1 S5000, but only with samples having
grade, except as stated in supplementary footnotes for Table 1. sulfur contents of 0.4 mass % and less (down to 0.01 %). Test
Method D 5453 can be used for Grades 1 and 2 fuel oils, but
5. Test Methods only with samples having sulfur contents of 0.8 mass % and
5.1 The requirements enumerated in this specification shall less (down to 0.001 %). In case of dispute, Test Method D 129
be determined in accordance with the following ASTM test is the referee test method for Grades 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 of this
methods,4 except as may be required under 5.1.1. specification and Test Method D 2622 is the referee test
method for Grades No. 1 S500 and No. 2 S500.

3
6. Keywords
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Docu-
ments, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401. 6.1 burner fuels; fuel oils; furnace oils; petroleum and
4
For information on the precision of the ASTM test methods for fuel oils refer petroleum products
to “An Evaluation of Methods for Determination of Sulfur in Fuel Oils” by A. R.
Crawford, Esso Mathematics and Systems Inc. and G. V. Dyroff, Esso Research and
5
Engineering Co., 1969. This document is available from the Publications Section, Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may
API Library, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L St., NW, Washington, DC 20005. be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1553.
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 D 396 – 05
TABLE 1 Detailed Requirements for Fuel OilsA
ASTM Test No. 1 No. 1 No. 2 Grade No. 4 No. 5 No. 5
Property No. 2 S500B No. 4 No. 6
MethodB S500B S5000B S5000B (Light)B (Light) (Heavy)
Flash Point °C, min D 93 – Proc. A 38 38 38 38 38 ... ... ... ...
D 93 – Proc. B ... ... ... ... ... 55 55 55 60
Water and sediment, % vol, max D 2709 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 ... ... ... ... ...
D 95 + D 473 ... ... ... ... (0.50)C (0.50)C (1.00)C (1.00)C (2.00)C
Distillation—one of the following requirements shall be met:
1. Physical Distillation D 86
Distillation Temperature, °C
10 % volume recovered, max 215 215 ... ...
90 % volume recovered, min ... ... 282 282
90 % volume recovered, max 288 288 338 338
2. Simulated DistillationD D 2887
Distillation Temperature, °C
10 % volume recovered, max 195 195 ... ...
90 % volume recovered, min ... ... 300 300
90 % volume recovered, max 304 304 356 356
Kinematic viscosity at 40°C, mm2/s D 445
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min 1.3 1.3 1.9 1.9 1.9 >5.5 ... ... ...
max 2.1 2.1 3.4 3.4 5.5 24.0E
Kinematic viscosity at 100°C, mm2/s D 445
min ... ... ... ... ... ... 5.0 9.0 15.0
max ... ... ... ... ... ... 8.9E 14.9E 50.0E
Ramsbottom carbon residue on 10 % D 524 0.15 0.15 0.35 0.35 ... ... ... ... ...
distillation residue % mass, max
Ash, % mass, max D 482 ... ... ... ... 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.15 ...
Sulfur, % mass maxF D 129 ... 0.50 ... 0.50 ... ... ... ... ...
D 2622 0.05 0.05
Copper strip corrosion rating, max, D 130 No. 3 No. 3 No. 3 No. 3 ... ... ... ... ...
3 h at 50°C
3
Density at 15°C, kg/m D 1298
min ... ... ... ... >876G ... ... ... ...
max 850 850 876 876 ... ... ... ... ...
Pour Point °C, maxH D 97 −18 −18 −6 −6 −6 −6 ... ... I

A
It is the intent of these classifications that failure to meet any requirement of a given grade does not automatically place an oil in the next lower grade unless in fact
it meets all requirements of the lower grade. However, to meet special operating conditions, modifications of individual limiting requirements may be agreed upon among
the purchaser, seller, and manufacturer.
B
Under United States regulations, Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, No. 2 S5000, No. 2 S500, and No. 4 (Light) are required by 40 CFR Part 80 to contain a sufficient
amount of the dye Solvent Red 164 so its presence is visually apparent. At or beyond terminal storage tanks, they are required by 26 CFR Part 48 to contain the dye Solvent
Red 164 at a concentration spectrally equivalent to 3.9 lb per thousand barrels of the solid dye standard Solvent Red 26.
C
The amount of water by distillation by Test Method D 95 plus the sediment by extraction by Test Method D 473 shall not exceed the value shown in the table. For Grade
No. 6 fuel oil, the amount of sediment by extraction shall not exceed 0.50 mass %, and a deduction in quantity shall be made for all water and sediment in excess of 1.0
mass %.
D
Test Method D 2887, Simulated Distillation, was determined to be an acceptable alternative test method to Test Method D 86, Physical Distillation, based on Research
Report RR:D02-1553. This report has been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by request.
E
Where low sulfur fuel oil is required, fuel oil falling in the viscosity range of a lower numbered grade down to and including No. 4 can be supplied by agreement between
the purchaser and supplier. The viscosity range of the initial shipment shall be identified and advance notice shall be required when changing from one viscosity range
to another. This notice shall be in sufficient time to permit the user to make the necessary adjustments.
F
Other sulfur limits may apply in selected areas in the United States and in other countries.
G
This limit ensures a minimum heating value and also prevents misrepresentation and misapplication of this product as Grade No. 2.
H
Lower or higher pour points can be specified whenever required by conditions of storage or use. When a pour point less than −18°C is specified, the minimum viscosity
at 40°C for grade No. 2 shall be 1.7 mm2/s and the minimum 90 % recovered temperature shall be waived.
I
Where low sulfur fuel oil is required, Grade No. 6 fuel oil will be classified as Low Pour ( +15°C max) or High Pour (no max). Low Pour fuel oil should be used unless
tanks and lines are heated.

APPENDIX

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. SIGNIFICANCE OF ASTM SPECIFICATION FOR FUEL OILS

X1.1 Scope performance characteristics of the oils in the types of burners

X1.1.1 This specification divides fuel oils into grades based in which they are most commonly used.
upon the types of burners for which they are suitable. It places
limiting values on several of the properties of the oils in each X1.2 Classes
grade. The properties selected for limitation are those that are X1.2.1 Because of the methods employed in their produc-
believed to be of the greatest significance in determining the tion, fuel oils fall into two broad classifications: distillates and

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 D 396 – 05
residuals. The distillates consist of overhead or distilled frac- X1.3.8 Residual fuel oil supplied to meet regulations requir-
tions. The residuals are bottoms remaining from the distilla- ing low sulfur content can differ from the grade previously
tion, or blends of these bottoms with distillates. In this supplied. It may be lower in viscosity (and fall into a different
specification, Grades No. 1 and No. 2 are distillates and the grade number). If it must be fluid at a given temperature, Test
grades from No. 4 to No. 6 are usually residual, although some Method D 97 need not accurately reflect the pour point which
heavy distillates can be sold as Grade No. 4. can be expected after a period of storage. It is suggested that
the purchaser and supplier discuss the proper handling and
X1.3 Grades operating techniques for a given low-sulfur residual fuel oil in
X1.3.1 Grades No. 1 S5000 and No. 1 S500 are middle the installation where it is to be used.
distillates intended for use in burners of the vaporizing type in
which the oil is converted to a vapor by contact with a heated X1.4 Significance of Test Methods
surface or by radiation. High volatility is necessary to ensure X1.4.1 The significance of the properties of fuel oil on
that evaporation proceeds with a minimum of residue. The low which limitations are placed by the specification is as follows:
sulfur grade S500 may be specified by federal, state, or local X1.4.1.1 Flash Point—The flash point of a fuel oil is an
regulations and can result in reduced deposits on ferrous heat indication of the maximum temperature at which it can be
exchanger surfaces compared to Grade No. 1 S5000 when stored and handled without serious fire hazard. The minimum
burned under similar conditions. permissible flash point is usually regulated by federal, state, or

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X1.3.2 Grades No. 2 S5000 and No. 2 S500 are middle municipal laws and is based on accepted practice in handling
distillates somewhat heavier than grades No. 1 S5000 and and use.
No. 1 S500. They are intended for use in atomizing type X1.4.1.2 Reduced Temperature Properties—The fuel’s
burners which spray the oil into a combustion chamber where cloud and pour points are good measures for determining low
the tiny droplets burn while in suspension. These grades of oil temperature operability with a batch of fuel oil. It is especially
are used in most domestic burners and in many medium important to consider these fuel properties if the heating oil
capacity commercial-industrial burners where ease of handling will be subjected to low ambient temperatures at time of use.
and ready availability sometimes justify higher cost over the Fuel temperatures can fluctuate markedly in small, residential,
residual fuels. The low sulfur grade S500 may be specified by outdoor, above ground tanks compared with indoor, basement
federal, state, or local regulations and can result in reduced tanks, or underground tanks. A decrease or stoppage of fuel
deposits on ferrous heat exchanger surfaces compared to Grade flow can occur in small transfer lines used for residential
No. 2 S5000 when burned under similar conditions. heating applications because the fuel line temperature will
X1.3.3 Grade No. 4 (Light) is a heavy distillate fuel or fluctuate with ambient temperature faster than will bulk tank
distillate/residual fuel blend meeting the specification viscosity contents. Fuel oils purchased during the summer, but not used
range. It is intended for use both in pressure-atomizing until the cold heating season arrives, can be a serious source of
commercial-industrial burners not requiring higher cost distil- problems. This is because when these fuels are produced they
lates and in burners equipped to atomize oils of higher are intended for use during the warm season and thus typically
viscosity. Its permissible viscosity range allows it to be have higher cloud and pour points than fuels produced for use
pumped and atomized at relatively low-storage temperatures. during the cold season. Fuels can be produced for use at low
X1.3.4 Grade No. 4 is usually a heavy distillate/residual temperatures with lower cloud and pour points by blending
fuel blend but can be a heavy distillate fuel meeting the with low paraffin fuels, such as kerosine or No. 1 fuel, and
specification viscosity range. It is intended for use in burners additives, or a combination thereof, to improve low tempera-
equipped with devices that atomize oils of higher viscosity than ture operability. The key to effective treatment is routine
domestic burners can handle. Its permissible viscosity range monitoring of incoming and stored fuels, and testing of the
allows it to be pumped and atomized at relatively low storage treated fuels. Although this specification only sets maximum
temperatures. Thus, in all but extremely cold weather it limits for the pour point, the recommendations for cloud point
requires no preheating for handling. of distillate fuels in Specification D 975 may be applied to
X1.3.5 Grade No. 5 (Light) is residual fuel of intermediate heating fuels under extreme cold conditions. Some pipeline
viscosity for burners capable of handling fuel more viscous companies or local specifications have included requirements
than grade No. 4 without preheating. Preheating may be for both cloud and pour points for certain grades of fuel oil.
necessary in some types of equipment for burning and in colder (1) Pour Point—The pour point is an indication of the
climates for handling. lowest temperature at which a fuel oil is capable of flowing
X1.3.6 Grade No. 5 (Heavy) is a residual fuel more viscous under very low forces. The pour point is prescribed in
than Grade No. 5 (Light) and is intended for use in similar accordance with the conditions of storage and use. Higher pour
service. Preheating may be necessary in some types of equip- point fuels are permissible where heated storage and adequate
ment for burning and in colder climates for handling. piping facilities are provided. An increase in pour point can
X1.3.7 Grade No. 6, sometimes referred to as Bunker C, is occur when residual fuel oils are subjected to cyclic tempera-
a high-viscosity oil used mostly in commercial and industrial ture variations that can occur in the course of storage or when
heating. It requires preheating in the storage tank to permit the fuel is preheated and returned to storage tanks. To predict
pumping, and additional preheating at the burner to permit these properties, Test Method D 3245 may be required.
atomizing. The extra equipment and maintenance required to (2) Cloud Point (Test Method D 2500)—The cloud point
handle this fuel usually preclude its use in small installations. defines the temperature at which a cloud or haze of wax

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 D 396 – 05
crystals appears in the oil under prescribed test conditions household heating installations. Distillation limits are not
which generally relates to the temperature at which wax specified for fuel oils of grades Nos. 4, 5, and 6.
crystals begin to precipitate from the oil in use. It is generally X1.4.1.7 Viscosity Limits for Grades Nos. 1 and 2—The
observed that cloud point temperature of a fuel oil is higher viscosity of an oil is a measure of its resistance to flow. In fuel
than its pour point by several degrees Celsius. Fuel oils stored oil it is highly significant since it indicates both the relative
at, or below, their cloud point temperature can have suspended ease with which the oil will flow or can be pumped, and the
wax crystals that may cause operability problems due to ease of atomization.
plugging. Examples are when fuels are pumped through small (1) Viscosity limits for No. 1 and No. 2 grades are specified
openings or passageways, that is, oil-line filters, burner to help maintain uniform fuel flow in appliances with gravity
nozzles, and pump strainers. The plugging is reversible when flow, and to provide satisfactory atomization and constant flow
the fuel is warmed. rate through the small nozzles of household burners. For the
X1.4.1.3 Water and Sediment—Appreciable amounts of heavier grades of industrial and bunker fuel oils, viscosity is of
water and sediment in a fuel oil tend to cause fouling of major importance, so that adequate preheating facilities can be
facilities for handling it, and to give trouble in burner mecha- provided to permit them to be pumped to the burner and to
nisms. Sediment may accumulate in storage tanks and on filter provide good atomization. However, it is equally important
screens or burner parts, resulting in obstruction to flow of oil that the maximum viscosity under the existing conditions be
from the tank to the burner. Water in distillate fuels can cause such that the oil can be pumped satisfactorily from the storage
corrosion of tanks and equipment and it can cause emulsions in tank to the preheater.
residual fuels. X1.4.1.8 Density—Density alone is of little significance as
X1.4.1.4 Carbon Residue—The carbon residue of a fuel is a an indication of the burning characteristics of fuel oil. How-
measure of the carbonaceous material left after all the volatile ever, when used in conjunction with other properties, it is of
components are vaporized in the absence of air. It is a rough value in mass-volume relationships and in calculating the
approximation of the tendency of a fuel to form deposits in specific energy (heating value) of an oil.
vaporizing burners, such as pot-type and sleeve-type burners, X1.4.1.9 Corrosion—The corrosion test serves to indicate
where the fuel is vaporized in an air-deficient atmosphere. the presence or absence of materials that could corrode copper,
X1.4.1.4.1 To obtain measurable values of carbon residue in brass, and bronze components of the fuel system. This property
the lighter distillate fuel oils, it is necessary to distill the oil to is specified only for Nos. 1 and 2 distillate fuel oils.
remove 90 % of it in accordance with Section 9 of Test Method
X1.4.1.10 Limited sulfur content of fuel oil can be required
D 524, and then determine the carbon residue concentrated in
for special uses in connection with heat treatment, nonferrous
the remaining 10 % bottoms.
metal, glass, and ceramic furnaces or to meet federal, state, or
X1.4.1.5 Ash—The amount of ash is the quantity of non-
local legislation or regulations.
combustible material in an oil. Excessive amounts can indicate
the presence of materials that cause high wear of burner pumps X1.4.1.11 Nitrogen—Nitrogen oxide emission regulations
and valves, and contribute to deposits on boiler heating have been imposed on certain combustion facilities as a
surfaces. function of fuel nitrogen content. For purposes of these
X1.4.1.6 Distillation—The distillation test shows the vola- regulations, distillate fuels, low nitrogen residual fuels, and
tility of a fuel and the ease with which it can be vaporized. The high nitrogen residual fuels have been defined by their nitrogen
test is of greater significance for oils that are to be burned in content. Installations are required to meet different emission
vaporizing type burners than for the atomizing type. For standards according to the classification of the fuel being used.
example, the maximum 10 % and 90 % distilled temperatures When regulations require such a distinction to be made, fuel
are specified for grade No. 1 fuel. The limiting 10 % value nitrogen specifications can be needed in the contractual agree-
ensures easy starting in vaporizing type burners and the 90 % ment between the purchaser and the supplier.
limit excludes heavier fractions that would be difficult to
vaporize. X1.5 Other
(1) The limits specified for grade No. 2 heating oil define a X1.5.1 Microbial Contamination—Refer to Guide D 6469
product that is acceptable for burners of the atomizing type in for a discussion of this form of contamination.

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 D 396 – 05
SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Subcommittee D02.E0 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(D 396–04) that may impact the use of this standard.

(1) Updated the nomenclature for grades of fuel oil to match (3) Removed footnote B from Table 1 and renumbered the
Specification D 975. footnotes accordingly.
(2) Added footnote to Table 1 to include a reference to
RR:D02–1553.

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