ROLL # 038200 (238)

ASSIGNMENT ::
[Link]
SUBMITTED TO :: dr. SALEEM
AKHTAR
Topic
relation ship between
pakistan and china

(2000 - 2012)
Pak-China socio-economic relations in the Era 2000-
2012
Pakistan and China has long history of reliable and time tested relationship.
PakChina friendship has been proved to be model of friendship between two
neighboring states. Both states have strong political, defence, social and
economic relations. The changes took place in government of both states do not
affect their relations. Their friendship is based on the principle of equality and
mutual interests in all the fields of life. Both states respect the independence,
sovereignty and territorial integrity of each other. Both countries are giving much
importance to their mutual relations in their foreign policy. Pakistan supported
Chinese point of view on one China policy, Tibet and Taiwan issues. China always
gives defence and economic assistance to Pakistan. In Pakistan, there is huge
Chinese investment which is likely to invest in the development of infrastructure,
roads, highway, ports, and energy and communications sectors. Pakistan
welcomed the Chinese investment for social and economic development. China
supported Pakistan role against terrorism in this region.

Both states are giving much importance to strengthen their economic relations.
Chinese investment in Pakistan is gradually increasing which is very important for
economic development. In South Asia, Pakistan is first country which has FTA
(free trade agreement) with China. Pakistan and China are good trading partners.
During first five years of FTA, Pakistan’s exports were increased. So, it is planned
to extend FTA for next five years. Both states cooperate each others in the field of
trade, economic, agriculture, industry, energy, communication, and technology
sectors. Pakistan-China relations are an excellent example of shared perceptions
on important issues and dependable friendship based on principles.

Historically, Pakistan and China has strong defence relations. China shares close
military relations with Pakistan and transfer modern equipments to Pakistan
defence forces. China gave material and moral support to Pakistan during Soviet
invasion in Afghanistan, wars against India and as a frontline state against
terrorism. Both states want to promote diplomatic, defence, economic, and social
relations. The relations between two states describe as higher than Himalaya,
deeper than Arabian Sea. So, it is important to discuss all major events took place
in last twelve years (2000-2012).

Diplomatic Relations In twenty first century, Pakistan-China relations entered in

new phase of development and cooperation. When General Pervez Musharraf
became new chief executive of Pakistan, he focused to improve relations with
China. In January 2000, Chief executive of Pakistan General Pervez Musharraf
visited China after few months after he came of power. Pervez Musharraf met the
Chinese Primer Zhou Rongji and discussed the problems related US sanctions on
Pakistan’s nuclear policy and democracy related issues. He also talked to enhance
Pak-China economic and trade relations. Premier Zhou Rongji stated military
government in Pakistan would not affect Pak-China relations and stated “In our
nation-building endeavors, our two countries have supported each other and
have carried out fruit full cooperation”. Pervez Musharraf stated that “Pakistan
considers China as its most reliable and time tested friend”.

In 2001, two countries organized major celebrations on 50th anniversary of Pak-

China bilateral relations. In May 2001, Chinese primer Zhou Rongji visited
Pakistan to attend 50th anniversary of Pakistan and China bilateral relationship.
Zhou Rongji announced that China would start cooperation on the initial
development of Gwadar port and coastal highway in Pakistan. Zhou Rongji also
stated peace and stability in this region was priority of China.

The terrorists attacked World Trade Center and Pentagon on 11 September 2001.
The world community reacted with shock. All condemned the attacks and
expressed sympathy for American people. The President of Pakistan, Pervez
Musharraf issued a strong statement of condemnation and sympathy. He also
affirmed Pakistan’s readiness to join US war in fight against terrorism. On the
basis of this terrorist attacks, US entered in Afghanistan and Pakistan became the
front line state against War On terror. Pakistan’s alignment with west did not
affect the Pak-China friendship.

After 9/11 event, President Pervez Musharraf immediately visited China after
becoming ally of west on War of Terror. In December 2001, Pakistani President
Pervez Musharraf visited China on the invitation of Chinese President. He met
President Jiang Zemin and discussed the Pakistan’s alignment on War On terror
and regional situation. Pervez Musharraf stated that "The cornerstone of
Pakistan's foreign policy is its close association and relationship with China".
China ensured their support for Pakistan as an ally of US against terrorism.

In 2002, China joined US and EU efforts to prevent a possible war between

Pakistan and India. Secretary of state Powell later praised China’s very helpful
role. (Sattar, 2010) On March 2003, Pakistan’s new Prime Minister Zafarullah
Khan Jamali visited China. Zafarullah Jamali was first foreign Prime Minister who
was invited in China to met new Prime Minister Wen Jiabao. Both states signed
agreement on peaceful nuclear plant transmission, as well as economic sectors.
Both states agreed to establish Pak-China friendship forum.

In November 2003, President Pervez Musharraf went to China. During the visit,
leaders of both states signed the Pak-China Joint Declaration for mutual
cooperation in all the fields.

President Musharraf met President Hu Jintao and discussed the situations of

terrorism at regional and world level. Pervez Musharraf attending the second
annual conference of Boao Forum for Asia in China province of Hainan.

In April 2005, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao’s visit of Pakistan is marked as a new
stage in the burgeoning relations between good friends, good neighbors and good
partners whose friendship has withstood the test of time and international
vicissitudes. Wen and Shaukat Aziz singed Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and
Good Neighborly Relations pledging mutual support in defense of sovereignty
independent and territorial integration. Meanwhile, Wen and his Pakistani
counterpart Shaukat Aziz jointly announced to start the negotiation on a free
trade area between China and Pakistan and singed twenty one agreements to
promote close trade and economic ties.

In April 2005, Chinese President and Prime Minister sent sympathy messages to
Pakistan on train clash accident in Sind province. In 2005, President Pervez
Musharraf visit to China. He said, "We are proud of our ties with China. Our
relationship with China is time-tested and broad-based and this visit will be a
landmark in further enhancing our political and economic friendship."

In February 2006, President Pervez Musharraf asked China for support of Pakistan
for becoming full member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO).
Pakistan can play an active role in the peace, stability and development of the
region. China’s Chairman of National People's Congress, Wu Bangguo ensured
their support against terrorism and appreciated Pakistan's role in counter
terrorism.

On Chinese World Affairs, an author launched a book on President General Pervez

Musharraf. In this book author described President Pervez Musharraf as
universally recognizing leader who had contribution in the peace of region as well
as world. Professor Yang Daoin, the author of the book titled "Iron-willed
Statesman of the 21st century" presented a copy to President Musharraf who
was on a five day state visit to China.

In November 2006, President Hu Jintao visited Pakistan. He stated that "Pakistan

was one of the first countries to recognize China. Ever since our diplomatic
relations began in 1951, we have enjoyed mutual understanding, respect, trust
and support and our friendship and cooperation have flourished. We are truly
good neighbors, close friends, trusted partners and dear brothers". (President
Hu Jintao, Islamabad, 24 November 2006) Pakistan also gave the highest civil
award of Nishan-i-Pakistan to President Hu Jintao for idealist leadership and his
great contribution to strength Pakistan and China relations. Both states signed the
agreement of Pak-China Free Trade agreement and their mutual cooperation in all
fields.

On 8 August2008, Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gilani went to China to attend the
Beijing Olympics. During this visit, he met President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen
Jiabao and signed several agreements. In October 2008, on his first foreign state
visit, after he became the president of Pakistan Asif Ali Zardari met the Chinese
political leadership, entrepreneurs and Chinese media. In this visit, both states
signed several agreements in the field of economy, technology, trade, agriculture,
and communications.
In October2008, Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gilani reached China. He specially
went to attend the Asia Europe Summit Meeting (ASEM). Prime Minister met the
group of Chinese corporate leaders. He also invited Chinese businesses men to
find business and joint ventures opportunities in Pakistan. He also met with Heads
of State and Government during ASEM in which he met with Prime Ministers of
Malaysia, Japan, Italy, Poland and India.

In April2009, President Asif Ali Zardari visited Hainan Island. He was there to
attend Annual meeting of Boao Forum for Asia. This meeting was attended by
eleven Heads of States. The President held a meeting with Premier Wen Jiabao.
He also met President of China, Chinese Investment Corporation leaders and
China International Offshore Oil Corporation and welcomed them to invest in
Pakistan.

In August2009, President Asif Ali Zardari visited Chinese provinces Hangzhou and
Guangzhou. He met with new leadership of the Communist Party South Asian
Studies 29 (2) 400 of China in these cities. Pakistan and China signed three MOUs
(Memorandum of Understanding) for cooperation in the field of fisheries.
President Zardari also invited Chinese cooperation in the field of agriculture,
energy sector and construction of dams in Pakistan. This visit of Pakistan’s
President covered all aspects of Pakistan and China relations.

In October 2009, Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gilani went to China to attend the
meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) member states. He met
with heads of eight countries. He also met with Chinese president Hu Jintao and
Prime Minister Wen Jiabao.

In July 2010, Pakistani President Zardari visited two Chinese cities Shanghai and
Beijing. He met with President and Prime Minister of China. President Asif Ali
Zardari inaugurated photo exhibition on Mohenjo-Daro in Shanghai. Both states
signed six agreements related to agriculture, healthcare, justice, media, economy
and technology.

In November 2010, Zardari went to China at the invitation of Chinese President.

He reached Guangzhou to attend the opening ceremony of the 16th Asian Games.
During this visit, President Asif Ali Zardari stated the importance of Pak-China
relations and Pakistan’s support of China as a host in world’s sporting events.

In December 2010, Prime Minister of China Wen Jiabao visited Pakistan. During
his visit, he met with Prime Minister and President of Pakistan. Chinese Primer
also held talks with Chairman of Senate, Speaker of National Assembly, and
leaders of different political parties of Pakistan. He addressed with the Parliament
of Pakistan. He met with Chairman Joint Chief of Staff Committee, and head of
Pak Army, Pak Navy and Pak Air forces. He also attended the Pakistan and China
business cooperation summit and visited the National Disaster Management
Authority. He inaugurated the “Pakistan-China Friendship Centre” in Islamabad.
The joint statements emphase on the importance of China-Pakistan and stressed
that friendship and cooperation between the two states serve the main interests
of them. Pak-China friendship shares peace, stability and development in the
region as well as for whole world.

In 2010, Primer Wen Jiabao announced that next year would be celebrated as
Pak-China Friendship Year”. In 2011, Pakistan and China celebrated “Pak-China
Friendship Year” at the occasion of 60th anniversary of bilateral Pak-China
relations. On May 2011, governments of two sides and common people sent
messages to each others on 60th anniversary. In this year, there was remarkable
progress in the field of economic, trade, energy, defence, cultural, sports and
educational developments. Head of Chinese state council of information Wang
Chen visited Pakistan and attended the anniversary celebrations. In August 2011,
President Asif Ali Zardari visited China to attend China-Eurasia Expo and met the
president of China. In September, Chinese State councilor Meng Jian Zhu reached
Pakistan. In November, Prime Minister Gilani visited China to attend Shanghai
Cooperation Organization (SCO).

In 2012, there were high level exchanges of visits from both states. There were
several times visits of President, Prime Minister, Chairman Senate, Speaker and
Deputy Speaker National Assembly, Ministers of different departments and
different political parties’ delegations to China. There were also high level visits of
leaders and defense ministers of both sides. In January 2012, Chief of Army Staff
General Ashfaq Kiyani visited China. He met with President of China and Chinese
chief of Army staff and discussed the defence matters. After this, Chief of Naval
Staff visited China and attends Maritime cooperation ceremony of PNS Aslat. In
March 2012, Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gilani visited China to attend Boao
forum for Asia Annual Conference. He met with the political leadership of China.
In June 2012, President of Pakistan Asif Ali Zardari ninth times visited China and
attended 12thShanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). During this visit, he met
with president of Iran, Tajikistan and Afghanistan. President Asif Ali Zardari met
with president of China Hu Jintao and signed three MOUs in the field of trade,
economy, science and technology. In 2012, Pakistani parliamentary delegation
visited China and met Chinese communist party

In September 2012, Chinese President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao sent
messages of condolences to Pakistani President and Prime Minister on the
incident of the two major factory fire incidents.

In May 2013, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang visited Pakistan at the invitation of the
government of Pakistan along with Chinese Foreign Minister, Minister of
Commerce, and Minister of National Development and Deputy Secretary General
of the State Council. During the visit, Premier Li Keqiang met with President Asif
Ali Zardari and with the leadership of Pakistan's parliament, political parties and
military.

In July 2013, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif’s Visited China on the invitation of
Premier Li Keqiang. During the visit, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif met with
President, Premier Li Keqiang, and Chairman of the Standing Committee of the
National People's Congress of China and corporate leaders and business
community.

In June 2013, after Nawaz Sharif was elected he made China his first international
official visit as Prime Minister. In October, China’s Ambassador told Pakistan’s
National Defense University that “the Chinese government attaches great
importance to developing relations with South Asia, and takes South Asia as a key
direction of China’s opening up to the west and a prominent position in China’s
neighboring diplomacy”.
Pak-China cooperation in the disaster of earth quakes
Pakistan and China had faced earthquake disaster in 2005 and 2008 respectively.
Mutual cooperation of both states showed their time test and strong relations at
the time of need. Therefore, their friendship is called all weather friends. In
October 2005, a dreadful earthquake hit Pakistan and some areas of neighbor
countries. Earth quake was very powerful in its nature and in those areas since
last hundred years. According to Pakistan government, about 18000 people were
dead and more than 41000 injured in northern areas of Pakistan. There were too
much unrecorded deaths in many cities of Pakistan. In Islamabad, huge residential
building which was called Margalla hills was completely destroyed killing all its
residents.

After earthquake disaster, in the first week China provided $6.2 million aid to
Pakistan. This aid included new 150000 blankets, and 3380 tents at the worth of
50 million Yuan .Total aid package from China was reached up to $20.5 million.
Pakistan’s Cabinet Sectary Ejaz Rahim stated, "We cannot forget that China is
amongst the first countries to leap to the assistance of the people of Pakistan and
it has done it every time when Pakistan is in need. We cannot forget the
tremendous work the Chinese rescue team has done in Balakot, the most affected
area, in those very difficult conditions and we cannot forget China's contribution
to the Pakistani President Relief Fund."

On 12 May 2008, a serious earthquake hit the Sichuan province of China. The
quake killed 87150 people and more than 374643 were injured. There were
300000 people missing and thousands remained under collapsed buildings.

After disaster, Pakistan immediately sent 30000 tents, life saving and other
essential good provided by federal as well provincial government.

A 28 member’s team of medical officer’s went China from Pakistan. They made
the field hospital with latest machinery and medicine to facilitate the effected
people. Chinese president Hu Jintao visited this hospital and renamed this
hospital as “Pakistan-
In 2010, Pakistan faced worst flood disaster of the history causing huge losses in
life. This disaster effected eighteen million population of Pakistan. It also
destroyed infrastructure, roads, homes, bridges, irrigation system, crops and
livestock’s and also spread diseases, environmental and social issues.

China was one of the first countries which provided immediate aid after flood
disaster. China sent her medical team to assist the people of affected areas. Total
aid package from China was $250 million. It was largest ever aid package to a
foreign country. Chinese government, social organization and common people
also denoted aid for Pakistani people.

China is world’s second largest economy after United States. It has been largest
exporter and second largest importer of goods in the world. In 2011, China’s
exports were US$ 1.9 trillion and imports $1.7 trillion. China’s total trade was
more than US$ 3.6 trillion and its foreign direct investment was US$ 65 billion.
(Hamid & Hayat, 2013) In November 2006, Chinese president Hu Jintao visited
Pakistan. Both states signed Free Trade Agreement on 24 November 2006. The
FTA has very importance not only in the field of economy but also in strategic
relations. It became very significant when signed between two friendly states.
Pakistan gave market access to China in cotton, bed linen, marble, sports goods,
fruits, vegetables and other raw materials. China also gave access to Pakistan in
chemicals, organic, machinery, fishery, plastic, rubber, and leather produce, and
industrial machinery etc.

In 2006, China eliminated tariff of 767 items on Early Harvest Programs (EHP).Free
Trade Agreement was implemented in 2007. Pakistan is the only South Asia state
that signed Free Trade Agreement with China. China is second largest trading
partner of Pakistan.

Pakistan and China trade relations(2006-2012)

A Free Trade Agreement (FTA) signed between Pakistan and China in 2006 and
implemented in 2007. The agreement was divided into two phases in which first
phase ended in 2012 and phase 2 started in 2013. It is expected that the FTA will
reach at $15 billion in second phase.
After FTA, Pakistan’s export rate increased with China which is most important for
economic growth. In the last financial year exports witness sixty percent increase
in one year. China and Pakistan have enjoying good friendly relations with each
other throughout the history. China is supporting Pakistan in the development of
infrastructure, technology and defense sectors. (Pakistan business council, 2013)
Pak-China bilateral trade volume was US$ 1 billion in 2001 and reached at US$ 12
billion in last year, which was a great achievement. In 2012, Pakistan’s exports to
China were at the worth of US$ 3.1 billion and imports US$ 9.2 billion. But Trade
balance was in favor of China. China’s emergence as an economic giant in the
neighbor has opened up several opportunities for Pakistan. It is on Pakistan how it
can take advantage from China.

In 2011, both states agreed to extend Pak-China Free Trade Agreement in second
phase. The two countries held the first China-Pakistan Entrepreneur Forum. The
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) opened branches in two cities of
Pakistan. The first phase of the China-Pakistan Energy Working Group was also
held in China.

Pakistan’s ambassador to China said that both sides were working to fully utilize
their free trade agreements on goods, investment and services. He also stated
that “We have requested the Chinese government and private sector to help us
strengthen our capacity in processing and manufacturing, textiles, leather
products, garments, and also in the light engineering sector”.

Pakistani and Chinese banks are working jointly since a long time. On 1951, China
opened bank of China in Pakistan. In 2007, Joint Pak-China Investment Company
was established. In 2010, China offered to open National Bank of Pakistan in
China. In 2011, Chinese Primer visited Pakistan and inaugurated “PakChina
Friendship Center” in Islamabad. Pakistan and China signed thirteen agreements
at government and twenty two agreements at private level with the worth of US
$ 35 billion. In June 2012, President Asif Ali Zardari went to China to attend
Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit. He met with the Chinese
president and signed four agreements in the field of trade and economy. In May
2013, Chinese primer Li Keqiang visited Pakistan. During this visit, both countries
signed eleven agreements in the field of trade and economic development.

Private Sector investment

 Saigols Qingqi Motors Ltd

 Zhongxing Telecom (Pvt) Ltd

 Sino-Pak Metal Foundry in Nooriabad

 Sehala Chemical Complex

 Pak Glass Ltd Glass Industry

 Saif Nadeem Ltd

 Haier Home Appliances

 These are some examples of Chinese private sector investment in Pakistan. In

2006, The President Musharraf visited China which became landmark in PakChina
friendship history. China announced to increase investment in Pakistan from $
500 million to $12 billion, which would be used to make Joint Venture Company.

Joint Ventures
Pakistan and China have joint ventures in different fields of life in which heavy
engineering, steel mills, and infrastructure development.

 Karakoram Highway

 Pakistan Aeronautical Complex

 Gwadar Deep Sea Port

 Chashma Nuclear Power Plant

 Indus Highway

 THAR Coal Development

 Saindak Metal Project

 Pakistan Cycle and Industrial Cooperative

Gwadar deep Sea Port

Baluchistan is a major province of Pakistan and rich in natural resources. It shares
its border with Iran and Afghanistan. Baluchistan has an important district
Gwadar. Gwadar is located at the mouth of Persian Gulf near Strait of Hormuz
(which is world’s trading route). Gwadar is situated at Arabic sea which is only 72
km from Iran and 32 km from Oman and linked with Persian Gulf. In 1958,
Pakistan bought Gwadar port from Oman. Pakistan declared Gwadar as Gwadar
port in 1964. In 2001, first phase of Gwadar port construction and development
started with the cooperation of China. In 2002, China laid the foundation of
Gwadar port.

In 22 March 2002, President Pervez Musharraf said, “If we see this whole region,
it is like a funnel. The top of the funnel is this wide area of Central Asia and also
China's western region. And this funnel gets narrowed on through Afghanistan
and Pakistan and the end of this funnel is Gwadar port. So this funnel,
futuristically, is the economic funnel of this whole region”.

In 2003 and 2004, Government of Pakistan declared that Gwadar is special

economic zone as a duty free port. A road from Gwadar to Saindak provides
shortest route to Central Asian Republics. Gwadar port gave access to landlocked
countries of Afghanistan and Central Asian Republics to deep water. Gwadar port
transformed consumer goods, oil and gas resources from landlocked countries to
global markets. Gwadar port will reduce the distance between Central Asian
Republic, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and China. Gwadar deep sea port is also called
regional hub because it is located in center of Middle East, Persian Gulf, South
East Asia, Afghanistan, Central Asian Republics, and Iran. Gwadar port provides
trade links with Central Asian Countries, Persian Gulf, United Arab emirates, east
Africa, and North West India. Gwadar Port Project has become another milestone
in Pakistan and China friendship. Pak-China friendship is higher than Himalaya
deeper than Indian Ocean and sweeter than honey. On 15 March 2008, Gwadar
port was inaugurated. Gwadar port will also increase the job opportunity in
Baluchistan and improve their living status.

China’s contribution in Gwadar sea port is remarkable. In first phase, total cost
was US$1.16 billion in which China invested $198 million four times more than
Pakistan’s investment. In first phase, construction of three multipurpose ship
berths was included. In second phase, China is also contributing in the
construction of highway from Gwadar port to Karachi port on Arabian Sea which
costs $200 million and will be totally financed by China. In second phase, China
will also financenine ship berths includeing storage terminals. China is also
providing four fifty engineers to provide technical expertise in this project.

Gwadar is Pakistan’s vision of globalization as a socio economic system dedicated

to free trade and free access to global markets. From Gwadar, ships could go over
the world. Pakistan recently has handed over operational control of the Gwadar
Port to Chinese Overseas Port Holdings Ltd. China will further invest $200 million
in the port plans and will be put billion more into railways, roads, and pipelines
linking Gwadar to China. Gwadar would serve as a great port for China while it’s
western China based industry and even outsourcing franchise in Pakistan would
use Gwadar as great export zone. For China the pivotal sequel on global
chessboard is named Gwadar.

Makran Coastal Highway

Makran coastal highway is 653 km long coastal line located on Arabian Sea. This
coastal begins from Pakistan as near to Iranian border at Gwadar bay and
connects Gwadar to Karachi. For the development of Makran coastal highway
China also gave assistance to Pakistan in financial and technical assistance to
Pakistan. Makran coastal highway is built by joint cooperation of more than 450
Chinese and 512 Pakistani workers.

Cultural Relations
Pakistan and China have long cultural relations throughout the history. As both
states started their diplomatic relations lead to close cultural relations. First
PakChina cultural exchange agreement was signed in March 1965. In 1980’s,
Pakistani Cultural Delegation visited China. In May 1983, an important Chinese
Cultural Delegation visited Pakistan. In November 1991, another Chinese Cultural
Delegation reached Pakistan. These visits help to close people to people relations.
In September 1999, Pakistani Government Cultural Delegation visited China.
These cultural exchanges were very useful in the field of art, education, health,
sports, literature, and information. Chinese art troopes visited Pakistan and
performed their folk songs, dance, and traditional music. In literature, quite a few
writings from two sides have been translated into each other's language.

In 1980’s, a special agreement was signed between two states to promote the
cultural interaction in the field of TV and film. China-Pak educational exchanges
and cooperation have developing history. China gave 65 scholarships to Pakistani
students while Pakistan gave 6 scholarships to Chinese students. In 2003,
cooperative education exchanges programs started between Pakistan and China.
In Pakistan Higher Education Commission gave scholarship to Pakistani students
for study in China. In this agreement, 72 Pakistani students were sent to China
and Chinese student came in Pakistan.

Both states gave importance to cultural relations to increase people to people

cooperation for strong Pak-China relations. China appreciated Pakistani’s effort to
expand Chinese language and Confucius Institutes in Pakistan. (Sabir, n.d.)A
delegation of 100 members of China Youth Federation visited National University
of Modern Languages (NUML) to increase Pak-China youth friendship exchange.

A teacher Ahmad Ali Shah stated "Our students should go there and learn their
language so we can bridge the gap. If we have some understanding with China
the whole SAARC countries should be our vision where the youngsters can hold
the market. Experts maintain, the construction of Pak-China friendship center is
an icon of Pakistan’s deep cultural ties with China”.

To create people to people interaction Pakistani and Chinese governments have

made several steps. In 2005, first Confucius Institute was established in National
University of Modern Languages Islamabad. In December 2010, Primer Wen
Jiabao visited Pakistan and inaugurated Pak-China Friendship Center in Islamabad.
Aim of establishing this friendship center is to promote mutual cultural activities
of both states. In this center, there are four Pakistan study centers and 8000
Pakistani students studying various discipline of China. Many Private Schools in
Pakistan are also teaching Chinese languages.

In 2007, Pakistan Study Centers was established in Peking and Sichuan

Universities.

In 2008, Pakistan Culture and Communication Centres were established in

Tsinghua University. In 2009, Pakistan Study Centre was made at Fudan
University.

In 2008, Pak-China signed MOU to establish permanent campus of PakChina

University in both states. In 2009, Pak-China institute for socio-cultural
cooperation was established. In 2011, Sind government announced Chinese
language as compulsory subject in school level but its implementation is not easy
task. In 2013, Premier Li Keqiang signed agreement to establish another Confucius
institute in Karachi University

Pakistan and China are agreed to establish Digital Television Terrestrial

Multimedia Broadcasting (DTMB) in Pakistan. They will lead to exchanges of
universities, media, film and TV, youth delegations, entrepreneurs and
establishment of cultural centers in Pakistan and China. Two states are agreed to
celebrate 2015 as” China-Pakistan Year of Friendly Exchanges”.