Scribd
Upload
141 views2 pages

Understanding Metallic Bonding Principles

Metallic bonding occurs when metal atoms lose valence electrons, becoming positively charged metal cations. The valence electrons from multiple atoms come together to form a "sea" of delocalized electrons that is attracted to the cations. This electrostatic attraction between the cations and electron sea binds the regular crystalline lattice of the metal together. Metals have properties like high melting points, conductivity, density, and malleability due to the strong metallic bonding and structure of the crystalline lattice with mobile electrons and positively charged ions.

Uploaded by

Alex noslen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
141 views2 pages

Understanding Metallic Bonding Principles

Metallic bonding occurs when metal atoms lose valence electrons, becoming positively charged metal cations. The valence electrons from multiple atoms come together to form a "sea" of delocalized electrons that is attracted to the cations. This electrostatic attraction between the cations and electron sea binds the regular crystalline lattice of the metal together. Metals have properties like high melting points, conductivity, density, and malleability due to the strong metallic bonding and structure of the crystalline lattice with mobile electrons and positively charged ions.

Uploaded by

Alex noslen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Notes

METALLIC BONDING

Delocalized – means a object or entity has no fixed location but is able to move around at
will.
Mobile – means an object or entity is able to move from place to place.

A Lattice – is a regular or ordered arrangement of atoms, molecules or formula units in a


crystalline solid.

Crystalline – describes solids that have a regular or ordered internal arrangement of


atoms, molecules, and formula units characteristic of crystals.

Atoms can attain a more stable electronic configuration/structure by metallic bonding.

Metallic bonding explained:-

When metal atoms lose their valence electrons to the sea of mobile electrons, they
become positive ions (CATIONS).The negative sea of mobile electrons from the valence
shell/outer energy levels of the metal atoms are attracted to the cations. It is these strong
electrostatic forces of attraction between the cations and sea of mobile electrons which
binds the metallic crystalline lattice/structure together as a single entity (thing).

The electrons in the outer electron shell/energy level of the atom of a metal

Figure [X] below shows example of the metallic crystal lattice of a typical metallic solid,
(Sodium Na).

e- e- e- e- e-
-
+ ee + e + + metal cations
e- e- e- e- e- sea of delocalized electrons
e- + e- + e- + +
e- e- e- e- e-

Figure [X] Shows the metallic crystal lattice of a typical metallic solid, (Sodium Na).

[DIA. V]
Properties of Metal: -

1. Metals usually have a high melting and boiling points due to the strong
electrostatic force(bond) between the positive cations and the sea of mobile
electrons.
Notes

2. Metals conduct electricity due to the sea of mobile electrons within the metallic
lattice( crystal structure) which allows for them to flow as current when a metal.

3. Metals generally have high densities because the atoms are closely in a regular
crystalline lattice.

4. Metals are usually malleable due to the ability of the rows of cations can slide
over each. Thus these rows of cations can reposition themselves whilst reformimg
its strong electro-static bonds within its crystalline lattice.

You might also like