CBSE Board Paper Solution-2020

Class : X
Subject : Mathematics (Standard) -
Theory
Set : 1
Code No : 30/5/1
Time allowed : 3 Hours
Maximum Marks : 80 Marks

General instructions:
Read the following instructions very carefully and strictly
follow them:
(i) This question paper comprises four sections – A, B, C
and D. This question paper carries 40 question All
questions are compulsory
(ii) Section A: Question Numbers 1 to 20 comprises of
20 question of one mark each.
(iii) Section B: Question Numbers 21 to 26 comprises of
6 question of two marks each.
(iv) Section C: Question Numbers 27 to 34 comprises of
8 question of three marks each.
(v) Section D: Question Numbers 35 to 40 comprises of
6 question of four marks each.
(vi) There is no overall choice in the question paper.
However, an internal choice has been provided in 2
question of the mark, 2 question of one mark, 2
questions of two marks. 3 question of three marks
 and 3 question of four marks. You have to attempt
only one of the choices in such questions.
(vii) In addition to this. Separate instructions are given
with each section and question, wherever necessary.
(viii) Use of calculations is not permitted.
Section A
Question numbers 1 to 20 carry 1 mark each.
Question numbers 1 to 10 are multiple choice questions.
Choose the correct option.
1. On dividing a polynomial p(x) by x2 – 4,
quotient and remainder are found to be x and 3
respectively. The polynomial p(x) is

(A) 3x2 + x - 12
(B) x3 -4x + 3
(C) x2 + 3x - 4
(D) x2 - 4x - 3
Answer:
Correct Answer: (B) x3 –4x+3
Explanation:
P(x) = (divisor)×(quotient) + Remainder
=(x2 – 4)x+3
= x3 – 4x+3

2) In Figure-1, ABC is an isosceles triangle, right-

angled at C. Therefore
 (A) AB2 = 2AC2
(B) BC2 = 2AB2
(C) AC2 = 2AB2
(D) AB2 = 4AC2

Answer:
Correct Answer: (A) AB2 = 2AC2
Explanation:

Given that ACB is an isosceles triangle right angled at

C.
Therefore, AC = BC
Using Pythagoras theorem in the given triangle,
we have
AB2 = AC2 + BC2
= AC2 + AC2
= 2AC2

3) The point on the x-axis which is equidistant

from (─ 4, 0) and 10, 0) is
(A) (7, 0)
(B) (5, 0)
(C) (0, 0)
(D) (3, 0)
OR
The centre of a circle whose end points of a
diameter are (─ 6, 3) and 6, 4) is
(A) (8, ─ 1)
(B) (4, 7)
 7
(C)  0, 
 2

 7
(D)  4, 
 2
Answer:
Correct Answer: (D) (3, 0)
Explanation:
The required point and the given points as well lie on
the x-axis.
The required point (x, 0) is the mid-point of the line
joining points (–4, 0) and (10, 0).

So, x = (– 4+10)/2
= 6/2
=3
Required point = (x, 0)
= (3, 0)
 OR

Correct Answer: (C) (0, 7/2)

Explanation:
The centre of a circle is the mid-point of its diameter.
End points of the diameter are: (–6, 3) and (6, 4)
Coordinates of the centre = ((– 6+6)/2, (3+4)/2)
= (0, 7/2)

4) The value(s) of k for which the quadratic

equation 2x2 + kx + 2 = 0 has equal roots, is
(A) 4
(B)  4
(C) ─ 4
(D) 0

Answer:
Correct Answer: (B) ±4
Explanation:
The given equation is:
2x2 + kx + 2 =0
Discriminant = b2–4ac
Here, b =k, a =2, and c =2
So, Discriminant = k2–4×2×2
= k2–16
A quadratic equation has equal roots if its
discriminant is zero.
k2–16 = 0
 k2 =16
k = ±4

5) Which of the following is not an A.P.?

(A) ─ 1.2, 0.8, 2.8 ….

(B) 3, 3 + 2, 3 + 2 2, 3 + 3 2, ....
4 7 9 12
(C) , , , ,...
3 3 3 3
-1 -2 -3
(D) , , ,...
5 5 5

Answer:
4 7 9 12
Correct Answer: (C) , , , ,...
3 3 3 3
Explanation:
 4 7 9 12
, , , ,...
3 3 3 3
7 4 7 4
3 3 3
3
3
1
9 7 9 7
3 3 3
2
3
3 2
3 3
Difference between consecutive terms
is not same. So, this is not an A.P.
6) The pair of linear equations
3x 5y
+ = 7 and 9x + 10y = 14 is
2 3
(A) consistent
(B) inconsistent
(C) consistent with one solution
(D) consistent with many solutions

Answer:
Correct Answer: (B) Inconsistent
Explanation:
 3x 5y
7
2 3
9x 10y
7
6
9x 10y 42 ...(1)
9x 10y 14 ...(2)
Ratios of coefficients of x and that of y are
9 10 1
9 10 1
42 3 1
Ratio of constants= =
14 1 1
Ratios of coefficients of x and y are equal
but they are not equal to the ratio of constants.
So, the given equations represent a pair of parallel lines
and so they do not have a common solution.

7) In Figure-2 PQ is tangent to the circle with

centre at O, at the point B. If
AOB = 100°, then ABP is equal to
(A) 50°
(B) 40°
(C) 60°
(D) 80°
 Answer:
Correct Answer: (A) 50°
Explanation:
OA = OB (radii)
So, ∠OAB = ∠OBA
= (180° –100°)/2
= 40°
Now, a radius of a circle meets a tangent at 90°.
So, ∠ABP = ∠OBP – ∠OBA
= 90° –40° = 50°

8) The radius of a sphere (in cm) whose volume is

12 cm3, is
(A) 3
(B) 3 3
(C) 32/3
(D) 31/3
 Answer:
Correct Answer: (C)32/3
Explanation:
4 3
Volume of sphere = r
3
4 3
12 r
3
r3 32
r 32 /3

9) The distance between the points (m,–n) and

(–m, n) is

(A) m2 + n2
(B) m+n

(C) 2 m2 + n2

(D) 2m2 + 2n2

Answer:
Correct Answer: (C) 2 m2 n2
Explanation:
2
Distance = m ( m) (–n – n)2

(m m)2 (–2n)2
2 m2 n2
10) In Figure-3. From an external point P, two
tangents PQ and PR are drawn to a circle of
radius 4 cm with centre O. If QPR = 90°, then
length of PQ is
(A) 3cm
(B) 4cm
(C) 2cm
(D) 2 2 cm

Answer:
Correct Answer: (B) 4 cm
Explanation:
Tangents are drawn from an external point P.

So, line joining centre O and point P bisects ∠PQR.

OP bisects ∠QPR = 90°.
In ∆ OQP,
∠Q = 90° (radius meets tangent at 90°)
∠QPO = 45° = ∠QOP
 Thus, OQ = PQ = 4 cm

Fill in the blanks in question number 11 to 15

11) The probability of an event that is sure to
happen is __.

Answer: 1

1 tan2 A
12) Simplest form of
2
is ______.
1 cot A
Answer:
cot2A
1  tan2 A sec2 A sin2 A
   cot2 A
1  cot A cos ec A cos A
2 2 2

13) AOBC is a rectangle whose three vertices are

A(0, –3), O(0, 0) and B (4, 0). The length of its
diagonal is ____.

Answer:
In right-angled triangle AOB,
AB  OA2  OB2  32  42  25  5
   fu
i i
14) In the formula x  a     h, ui = _____.
  fi 
Answer:
xi  a
h
15) All concentric circles are ______ to each other.

Answer: similar

Answer the following question numbers 16 to 20.

16) Find the sum of the first 100 natural numbers.

Answer:
1  2  3  ....100 is an A. P.
Here first term a  1
Common difference d =1
n
Sum of n terms of an A.P. = 2a + n  1 d
2
The sum of first 100 natural numbers
100
= 2×1 + 100  1  1
2
100 (101)
=
2
 50  101
 5050
17) In Figure-4 the angle of elevation of the top of
a tower from a point C on the ground, which is
 30 m away from the foot of the tower, is 30°.
Find the height of the tower.

Answer:
AB
tan30 
30
1 AB

3 30
30
AB   10 3
3
So, the height of the tower is 10 3 m.

18) The LCM of two numbers is 182 and their HCF is

13. If one of the numbers is 26, Find the other.

Answer:
LCM  HCF  Pr oduct of the two numbers
182 × 13 = 26 × x
182 × 13
x=  91
26
So, the other number is 91.
19) Form a quadratic polynomial, the sum and
product of whose zeroes are (-3) and 2
respectively.
OR
Can (x2 – 1) be a remainder while dividing
x4 – 3x2 + 5x – 9 by (x2 +3)? Justify your answer
with reasons.

Answer:
x2 – (sum of zeroes)x + product of zeroes
= x2 – (–3)x+2
= x2 + 3x+2
So, the required polynomial is x2 +3x+2.
OR
When a polynomial p(x) is divided by another
polynomial g(x), then the degree of remainder
r(x) < degree of g(x)
Therefore, for the given question x2 – 1 cannot be a
remainder while dividing x4 – 3x2 + 5x – 9 by x2 + 3
because deg (x2 – 1) = deg (x2 + 3).

20) Evaluate:
2 tan 450  cos 600
sin 300
Answer:
2 tan45° ×cos60°
sin30
1
2 1 
 2
1
2
2
SECTION B
Question number 21 to 26 carry 2 marks each.
21) In the given Figure-5, DE ||AC and DF||AE.
BF BE
Prove that = .
FE EC

Answer:
 In ABC, DE AC
So, using basic proportionality theorem, we get
BD BE
 ...(1)
DA EC
In BAE, DF AE
So, using basic proportionality theorem, we get
BD BF
 ...(2)
DA FE
From (1) and (2), we get
BE BF

EC FE

22) Show that 5 +2 7 is an irrational number,

where 7 is given to be an irrational number.
OR
Check whether 12n can end with the digit 0 for any
natural number n.

Answer:
Let us assume, to the contrary, that 5  2 7 is rational.
That is, we can find coprime a and b (b  0) such that
a
52 7 
b
a
 2 7  5
b
1a  a – 5b
Rearranging this equation, we get 7    5  
2b  2b
 a – 5b
Since, a and b are integers, we get is rational, and
2b
so 7 is a rational.
But this contradicts the fact that 7 is irrational.
This contradiction has arisen because of our incorrect
assumption that 5  2 7 is rational.
So, we conclude that 5  2 7 is irrational.

OR
If the number 12n , for any n, were to end with the digit
zero, then it would be divisible by 5.
That is, the prime factorisation of 12n would contain
the prime 5. This is not possible
12n = (2 × 2 × 3)n
So, the prime numbers in the factorisation of 12n are
2 and 3.
So, the uniqueness of the Fundamental Theorem of
Arithmetic guarantees that there are no other primes
in the factorisation of 12n.
So, there is no natural number n for which 12 n
ends with the digit zero.
23) If A, B and C are interior angles of a  ABC,
then show that

cos  B + C  = sin A .
 
 2  2
Answer:
Given that A, B and C are interior angles of a triangle ABC.
 A  B  C  180
or A  180  B  C
Now,
B  C   B  C
cos    sin  90  
 2   2 
 180  B  C 
 sin  
 2 
A
 sin  
2

24) In Figure 6, a quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to

circumscribe a circle.
Prove that
AB + CD = BC +AD.

OR
In Figure-7, find the perimeter of  ABC, if AP
= 12 cm.
Answer:
We have to prove that
AB  CD  BC  AD
We know that lengths of tangents drawn from a point to a
circle are equal.
Therefore, from figure, we have
DR  DS, CR  CQ, AS  AP, BP  BQ
Now,
LHS  AB  CD  (AP  BP)  (CR  DR)
 (AS  BQ)  (CQ  DS)
 BQ  CQ  AS  DS
 BC  AD
 RHS

OR

From the given figure, we have AP = 12 cm

Since AQ and AB are the tangent to the circle from a
common point A, hence AP = AQ = 12
Similarly, PB = BD and CD =CQ
Also, AP =AB + PB and AQ = AC + CQ
 Perimeter of ABC = AB + BD + CD + AC
= AB + PB + CQ + AC
(since PB = BM and CM = CQ)
= (AB + PB) + (CQ + AC)
= AP + AQ
= 12 +12
= 24 cm
Therefore, the perimeter of triangle ABC =24 cm

25) Find the mode of the following distribution:

Marks 0 – 10 10 – 20 20 – 30 30 – 40 40 – 50 50 – 60
Number 4 6 7 12 5 6
of
Students

Answer:

Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60

Number of 4 6 7 12 5 6
Students
From the given data, we have
l  30, f1  12, f0  7, f2  5, h  10
 f1  f0 
Mode  l   h
 2f1  f0  f2 
 12  7 
 30     10
 2  12  7  5 
 34.1667
 Mode of the given data is 34.1667.
26) 2 cubes, each of volume 125 cm3, are joined
end to end. Find the surface area of the
resulting cuboid.
 Answer:
Let the side of the old cube = a
The volume of the old cube = 125 cm3 (Given)
The volume of the cube = a3
a3 =125 cm3
a3 =53
a = 5 cm
The dimensions of the resulting cuboid are:
Length, l = 10 cm
Breadth, b = 5 cm
Height, h = 5 cm
Total surface area of the resulting cuboid:
= 2(lb+bh+hl)
= 2[10(5)+5(5)+5(10)]
= 2[50+25+50]
= 2[125]
= 250 cm2
Section C

1
27) A fraction becomes when 1 is subtracted from
3
1
the numerator and it becomes when 8 is
4
added to its denominator. Find the fraction.

OR

The present age of a father is three years more

than three times the age of his son. Three years
hence the father's age will be 10 years more
than twice the age of the son. Determine their
present ages.

Answer:
Let the numerator of the fraction be x and
denominator be y.
x
Therefore, the fraction is .
y
According to question,
x 1 1
y 3
3 x 1 y
3x 3 y ...(1)
x 1
and
y 8 4
4x y 8
4x 8 y ...(2)
From equations 1 and 2 , we get
3x 3 4x 8
4x 3x 8 3
x 5
Putting x 5 in equation (1),
3 5 3 y
y 12
5
So, the required fraction = .
12
OR
 Let the son's present age be x.
So, father's present age = 3x 3
3 years later:
Son's age = x 3
Father's age = 3x 3 3 3x 6
But, according to the given condition,
3 years later father's age= 2 x 3 10
2x 6 10
2x 16
So, we can write
3x 6 2x 16
3x 2 x 16 6
x 10
So, son's present age 10 years
and father's present age 10 3 3
33 years

28) Use Euclid Division Lemma to show that the

square of any positive integer is either of the
form 3q or 3q + 1 for some integer q.

Answer:
 Let a be a positive integer and b  3.
By Euclid's Algorithm,
a  3m  r for some integer m  0 and 0  r  3.
The possible remainders are 0, 1 and 2. Therefore,
a can be 3m or 3m  1 or 3m  2.
Thus,
a2  9m2 or (3m+1)2 or (3m  2)2
 9m2 or (9m2  6m  1) or (9m2  12m  4)
 3  (3m2 ) or 3(3m2  2m)  1 or 3(3m2  4m  1)  1
 3k1 or 3k2  1 or 3k3  1
where k1, k2 and k3 are some positive integers.
Hence, square of any positive integer is either of the form
3q or 3q + 1 for some integer q.

29) Find the ratio in which y-axis divides the line

segment joining the points (6, - 4) and (-2, -7).
Also find the point of intersection.

OR

Show that the points (7, 100, (-2, 5) and (3, -4)
are vertices of an isosceles right triangle.

Answer:
Let the ratio in which the line segment joining A 6,  4 
and B  2,  7  is divided by the y-axis be k : 1.
Let the coordinate of point on y-axis be  0, y  .
Therefore,
 2k  6 7k  4
0 and y 
k 1 k 1
Now,
 2k  6
0
k 1
or 0   2k  6
or k  3
Therefore, the required ratio is 3:1.
Also,
7k  4
y 
k 1
7  3  4

31
25

4
Therefore, the given line segment is divided by the point
 25 
 0, in the ratio 3:1.
 4 

OR
 Let the given points are P(7, 10), Q(-2, 5) and R(3,  4).
Now, using distance formula we find distance
between these points i.e., PQ, QR and PR.
Distance between points P(7, 10) and Q(-2, 5),

 2  7   5  10 
2 2
PQ 
 81  25
 106
Distance between points Q(-2, 5) and R(3,  4),

3  2     4  5
2 2
QR 
 25  81
 106
Distance between points P(7, 10) and R(3,  4),

3  7    4  10 
2 2
PR 
 16  196
 212
Now,
PQ2  QR 2  106  106
 212  PR 2
i.e., PQ2  QR 2  PR 2
Therefore, points P(5,  2), Q(6, 4) and R(7,  2) form
an isosceles right triangle because sides PQ and QR
are equal.

30) Prove that:

 1 sin A
sec A + tan A
1 sin A

Answer:

1  sin A
LHS 
1  sin A
1  sin A 1  sin A
 
1  sin A 1  sin A
1
 1  sin A 
1  sin2 A
1  sin A

cos2 A
1  sin A

cos A
sin A 1
 
cos A cos A
 tan A  sec A  RHS

31) For an A.P., it is given that the first term

(a) = 5, common difference (d) = 3, and the nth
term (an) = 50. Find n and sum of first n terms
(Sn) of the A.P.

Answer:
 Here, a 5, d 3, an 50
We need to find Sn.
Firstly, we will find the value of n.
We know that
an a (n 1)d
So, 50 5 (n 1)3
or 50 5 (n 1)3
45
or 1 n
3
or n 16
We know that sum of first n terms of an AP is given by
n
Sn a an
2
16
So, S16 5 50
2
8 55
or S16 440

32) Construct a ΔABC with sides BC = 6 cm, AB = 5

cm and ABC = 60°. Then construct a triangle
3
whose sides are of the corresponding sides of
4
ΔABC .

OR

Draw a circle of radius 3.5 cm. Take a point P

outside the circle at a distance of 7 cm from the
centre of the circle and construct a pair of tangents
to the circle from that point.

Answer:

Steps of Construction :
Step 1: Draw a ABC with sides AB 5 cm, BC 6 cm and
ABC 60 .
Step 2: Draw a ray BX making an acute angle with line BC
on the opposite side of vertex A.
Step 3: Locate 4 points B1, B2 , B3 , B 4 on BX such that
BB1 B1B2 B2B3 B3B4.
Step 4: Join the points C and B 4.
Step 5: Through the point B3 , draw a line parallel to CB4
intersecting line segment BC at point C .
Step 6: Draw a line through C parallel to the line AC to
intersect line segment AB at A .
The required triangle is A BC .
 OR

Steps of Construction :
Step 1: Draw a circle of radius 3.5 cm with centre at point O.
Locate a point P, at a distance of 7 cm from O, and
join O and P.
Step 2: Bi sec t OP. Let M be the mid-point of OP.
Step 3: Draw a circle with centre at M and MO as radius. Q
and R are points of intersections of this circle with the
circle having centre at O.
Step 4: Join PQ and PR.
PQ and PR are the required tangents.

33) Read the following passage and answer the

question given at the end:

Diwali Fair.

A game in a booth at a Diwali Fair involves using

a spinner first. Then, if the spinner stops on an
even number, the player is allowed to pick a
marble from a bag. The spinner and the marbles
in the bag are represented in Figure – 8.

Prizes are given when a black marble is picked.

Shweta plays the game once.

(i) What is the probability that she will be

allowed to pick a marble from the bag?
(ii) (ii) Suppose she is allowed to pick a
marble from the bag, what is the
probability of getting a prize, when it is
given that the bag contains 20 balls out
of which 6 are black?

Answer:
Numbers on spinner  1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10
Even numbers on spinner  2, 4, 6, 8, 10
Shweta will pick black marble, if spinner stops
on even number.
Therefore,
n Even number   5
n Possible number   6
 i  P Shweta allowed to pick a marble 
 P Even number 
n Even number 

n Possible number 
5

6
Therefore, the probability of allowing Shweta
5
to pick a marble is .
6
 ii  Since, prizes are given, when a black marble is picked.
Number of black marbles  6
Total number of marbles  20
Therefore, P  getting a prize   P  a black marble 
n Black marbles 

n  Total marbles 
6

20
3

10
3
Therefore, the probabiltiy of geting prize is
.
10
34. In figure – 9, a square OPQR is inscribed in a
quadrant OAQB of a circle. If the radius of circle
is 6 2 cm , find the area of the shaded region.

Answer:
Given that, OQ  6 2 cm
OPQR is a square.
Let the side of square  a
The diagonal of square  a 2
Here, OQ is a diagonal of square.
 a 2 6 2
 a  6 cm
Area of square OPQR  62
 36 cm2
Radius of the quadrant OAQB  Diagonal of the square OPQR
 6 2 cm
90 22
 
2
Area of the quadrant OAQB    6 2
360 7
396
 cm2
7
Area of shaded region  Area of the quadrant OAQB
 Area of square OPQR
396
  36
7
144

7
 20.6 cm2

SECTION D
Obtain other zeroes of the polynomial
35) p(x) = 2x 4 - x3 - 11x2 + 5x + 5
if two of its zeroes are 5 and - 5.
OR
What minimum must be added to
2x3 - 3x2 + 6x + 7 so that resulting polynomial
will be divisible by x2 - 4x + 8 ?
Answer:
The given polynomial is p  x  = 2x 4  x3  11x2 + 5x + 5.
The two zeroes of p(x) are 5 and  5.

   
Therefore, x  5 and x + 5 are factors of p(x).

 
Also, x  5 x + 5 = x2  5 
and so x2  5 is a factor of p(x).
Now,
2x2  x  1
x2  5 2x 4  x3  11x2 + 5x + 5
2x 4  10x2
 +
 x3  x2 + 5x + 5
 x3 + 5x
 
 x2 +5
 x2 +5
 
0
  
2x 4  x3  11x2 + 5x + 5  x2  5 2x2  x  1 
= x 2
 52x  2x + x  1
2

= x 2
 5 2x + 1 x  1

 
Equating x2  5 2x + 1 x  1 to zero, we get
the zeroes of the given polynomial.
Hence, the zeroes of the given polynomial are :
1
5,  5,  and 1.
2
OR

The given polynomial is 2x3  3x2  6x  7.

Here, divisor is x2  4x  8.
Divide 2x3  3x2  6x  7 by x2  4x  8 and find the
remainder.
2x  5
x2  4x  8 2x3  3x2  6x  7
2x3  8x2  16x
  
5x2  10x  7
5x2  20x  40
  
10x  33
 Re mainder  10x  33
Therefore, we should add  10x  33  to make it
exactly divisible by x2  4x  8.
Thus, we should add  10x  33 to 2x3  3x2  6x  7.

36) Prove that the ratio of the areas of two similar

triangles is equal to the square of the ratio of
their corresponding sides.

Answer:
Given : ABC DEF
2 2 2
Area ΔABC AB BC AC
To prove :
Area ΔDEF DE EF DE
Construction: Draw AL BC and DM EF
 1
Area ΔABC BC AL BC AL
Proof: Here 2 1
Area ΔDEF 1 EF DM
EF DM
2
In ΔALB and ΔDME
ALB DME Each 90°
and B E Since ΔABC ΔDEF
So, ΔALB ΔDME AA similarity criterion
AL AB
DM DE
AB BC AC
But Since ΔABC ΔDEF
DE EF DF
AL BC
Therefore, 2
DM EF
From 1 and 2 , we have
2
Area ΔABC BC AL BC BC BC
Area ΔDEF EF DM EF EF EF

AB BC AC
But Since ΔABC ΔDEF
DE EF DF
This implies that,
2 2 2
Area ΔABC AB BC AC
Area ΔDEF DE EF DE

37) Sum of the areas of two squares is 544m2. If

the difference of their perimeters is 32 m, find
the sides of the two squares.
 OR
A motorboat whose speed is 18km/h in still water
takes 1 hour more to go 24 km upstream than to
return downstream to the same spot. Find the
speed of the stream.

Answer:
Let the sides of first and second square be x any y. Then,

Area of first square = x2

And,
Area of second square = y2

According to the question,

x2  y2  544 ... 1

Now,

Perimeter of first square = 4x

And,
Perimeter of second square = 4y
According to the question,
4x – 4y = 32 ... 2 

From equation  2  , we get

4  x – y   32
32
or, x – y =
4
or, x – y = 8
or, x=8+y ... 3 

Subsituting this value of x in equation 1 , we get

x2 + y2 = 544
8  y 
2
or, + y2 = 544
or, 64 + y2 + 16y + y2 = 544

or, 2y2  16y  64  544

or, 2y2  16y  64 – 544  0
or, 2y2  16y – 480  0
or, 
2 y2  8y – 240  0 
or, y2  8y – 240  0
or, y2  20y – 12y – 240  0
or, y  y  20  – 12  y  20   0
or,  y  20   y – 12   0
 y + 20 = 0 or y – 12 = 0
 y = –20 or y = 12

Since side of a square cannot be negative, therefore

y = 12.
Substituting y = 12 in equation 3  , we get

x = 8 + y = 8 + 12 =20

Therefore,

Side of first square = x = 20 cm

And,

Side of second square = y = 12 cm

OR

Let the speed of the stream be x km/h.

Therefore, speed of the boat upstream = (18 – x) km/h
and the speed of the boat downstream = (18 + x) km/h.
distance
The time taken to go upstream =
speed
24
= hours
18 – x
 24
Similarly, the time taken to go downstream = hours
18  x

According to the question,

24 24
– 1
18 – x 18  x
24 18  x  – 24 18 – x 
or, 1
18  x 18 – x 
or, 24 18  x  – 24 18 – x   18  x  18 – x 
or, 432 + 24x – 432 + 24x = 324 – x2
or, x 2  48x –324 = 0

Using the quadratic formula, we get

–48  482 – 4 1  –324 

x=
2
–48  2304  1296
=
2
–48  3600
=
2
–48  60
=
2

–48  60 –48 – 60
Therefore, x = or x =
2 2
12 –108
 x= or x =
2 2
 x = 6 or x = –54
Since x is the speed of the stream, it cannot be negative.
So, we ignore the root x = –54. Therefore, x = 6 gives
the speed of the stream as 6 km/h.

38. A solid toy is in the form of a hemisphere

surmounted by a right circular cone of same
radius. The height of the cone is 10 cm and the
radius of the base is 7 cm. Determine the
volume of the toy. Also find the area of the
coloured sheet required to cover the toy.
22
(Use  = and 149  12.2)
7
Answer:

Let ABC be the hemisphere and ADC be the cone

standing on the base of the hemisphere.
Height of the cone (h1) = 10 cm (Given)
Radius of the cone (r1) = 7 cm (Given)
Since the hemisphere is surmounted by the right circular
cone of same radius, therefore
Radius of the hemisphere (r2) = 7 cm
So,

Volume of the toy

= Volume of the cone + Volume of the hemisphere
1 2
= r12h1  r23
3 3
 1 22   2 22 
    7  7  10      7  7  7   cm3
 3 7  3 7 
1540 2156 
    cm3
 3 3 
3696
 cm3
3
 1232 cm3

Area of the coloured sheet required to cover the toy

= CSA of hemisphere + CSA of cone
 2r22  r

Where  is the slant height of the cone

 r12  h12
= 72  102
= 49  100
= 149
= 12.2 cm
So,
Area of the coloured sheet required to cover the toy
 22   22 
  2   7  7    7  12.2   cm2
 7   7 
  308  268.4  cm2
 576.4 cm2

39. A statue 1.6 m tall, stands on the top of a

pedestal.
From a point on the ground, the angle of
elevation of the top of the statue is 600 and
from the same point the angle of elevation of
the top of the pedestal is 450. Find the height of
the pedestal.
(Use 3 = 1.73)
Answer:

A
Statue

1.6 m

Pedestal
x
60°

45°

B C

Let BD be a pedestal of height x m and AD be a statue of

height 1.6 m. The angle of elevation of the top of
pedestal from a point C is 45° and that of point statue
from C is 60°.
In the triangle ABC:
AB
tan60
BC
1.6 x
3
BC
1.6 x
Or, BC ... 1
3
In the triangle DBC:
DB
tan 45
BC
x
Or, 1
BC
Or, x BC ... 2
By equations 1 and 2 , we get
1.6 x
x
3
Or, 3x 1.6 x
3 1 x 1.6
 1.6 3 1
Or, x
3 1 3 1
1.6 1.73 1
3 1
1.6 2.73
2
2.184m
Therefore, the height of the pedestal is 2.184m.

40) For the following data, draw a 'less than' ogive

and hence find the median of the distribution.
Age(in 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70
years):
Number 5 15 20 25 15 11 9
of
persons:

OR
The distribution given below show the number of
wickets taken by bowlers in one-day cricket
matches. Find the mean and the median of the
number of wickets taken.
Number 20-60 60-100 100-140 140-180 180-220 220-260
of
wickets
Number 7 5 16 12 2 3
of
bowlers:

Answer:
Age Number of Persons
(Cumulative frequency)
Less than 10 5
Less than 20 5 + 15 = 20
Less than 30 20 + 20 = 40
Less than 40 40 + 25 = 65
Less than 50 65 + 15 = 80
Less than 60 80 + 11 = 91
Less than 70 91 + 9 = 100

Age No. of Persons Cumulative frequency

(f) (cf)
0 – 10 5 5
10 – 20 15 20
20 – 30 20 40
30 – 40 25 65
40 – 50 15 80
50 – 60 11 91
60 – 70 9 100

Plot the points (10, 5), (20, 20), …, (70, 100) on a

graph paper.
 110

100
Cumulative Frequency
90

80

70

60

50

40
Median (34)
30

20

10

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Upper Limits

OR
Class interval No. of bowlers fi Class mark xi fx
i i

20 60 7 40 280
60 100 5 80 400
100 140 16 120 1920
140 180 12 160 1920
180 220 2 200 400
220 260 3 240 720
Total fi 45 fx
i i 5640

fx
i i 5640
x 125.33
fi 45

Number of Number of bowlers Cumulative

wickets Frequency
20 – 60 7 7
60 – 100 5 12
100 – 140 16 28
140 – 180 12 40
180 – 220 2 42
220 – 260 3 45
n 45
n 45
22.5
2 2
Median class 100 140
n
cf
2
Median l h
f
n
l 100, 22.5, cf 12, f 16, h 40
2
22.5 12
Median 100 40
16
100 26.25
126.25