Forensic Medicine

1. After stoppage of circulation muscles can live upto:

A. 10 mins
B. 30 mins
C. 3 hrs
D. 6 hrs
E. 8 hrs
2. Post mortem lividity well developed with:
A. 2 hrs
B. 4 hrs
C. 6 hrs
D. 8 hrs
E. 10 hrs
3. Rigor mortis does not occur in fetus less than:
A. 9 months
B. 7 months
C. 6 months
D. 8 months
E. 10 months
4. Tear in the intima of carotid artery with bleeding into it’s wall is seen in ceses of:
A. Smothering
B. Antemortem hanging
C. Postmortem hanging
D. Traumatic asphyxia
E. Strangulation
5. Death of a person occurred due to multiple bullets hitting the head. The skull and
brain are shattered. Brain matter is coming out. There is no injury on any other part of
the body for determination of cause of death. What will you do?
A. No need to do further examination
B. Only cranial cavity to be opened
C. Cranial and chest cavity to be opened
D. Cranial and abdominal cavity to be opened
E. Cranial, thoracic and abdominal all to be opened
6. The most common cause of inward fracture of hyoid bone is:
A. Hanging
B. Smothering
C. Throttling
D. Strangulation
E. Choking
7. Postmortem changes occur progressively faster in the following environment:
 A. Air,water, ground
B. Air, ground,water
C. Ground,air,water
D. Ground,water,air
E. Water, ground,air
8. Eye remain open towards the site of the knot in hanging due to:
A. Over stretching of neck muscles
B. Due to pull of thyrohyoid ligament
C. Due to overstretching of cervical sympathetic trunk
D. Due to pressure over phrenic nerve
E. Due to stimulus of vagus nerve
9. Clothing of the deceased and their contents after examination and recording in the
postmortem register are handled over to:
A. Relative
B. Friends
C. Magistrate
D. Police officer
E. Spouse of the deceased
10. Exhumation related correct statement is:
A. It is undertaken when there is a request from police officer
B. Is object is to know the mode of death
C. Postmortem examination of the exhumed body is usually done at the mortuary
D. Relatives and police are allowed to witness the post mortem examination
E. There is 20 years time limit in Pakistan for exhumation
11. On autopsy presence of crescenteric abrasion on the neck is suggestive of:
A. Smothering
B. Manual strangulation
C. Traumatic asphyxia
D. Hanging
E. Sexual asphyxia
12. Correct theme about Dying Declaration is:
A. Is admissable in all criminal and civil cases
B. Sound mental condition of patient is not necessary
C. Leading questions are allowed
D. The accused magistrate and lawyer are present
E. If patient survives it has a value
13. One of the following is an early physical sign of death:
A. Lack of pulse
B. Respiratory movement
C. Drooping of jaw
D. Looseness of muscles
 E. Loss of body temperature
14. Disease physical injuries which finally prove fatal is:
A. Cause of death
B. Mode of death
C. Manner of death
D. Mechanism of death
E. Pattern of death
15. Tripode of life includes:
A. CNS + CVS + Respiratory system
B. CNS + GIT + Urinary system
C. CNS + CVS + GIT system
D. CNS + GIT + Respiratory system
E. CNS + CVS + Urinary system
16. Common external appearances in strangulation are except:
A. Patechial haemorrhages
B. Conjunctival haemorrhages
C. Congestion and cyanosis above the ligature mark
D. Bleeding from nose and ear
E. Anemic and pallor above the ligature mark
17. Correct theme about asphyxia is:
A. In asphyxia there is increased pulmonary blood flow
B. Tardieu spots are present in drowning death
C. There is pulmonary edema
D. There is increased venous return to the heart
E. The blood coagulates early
18. Not a common sign of asphyxial deaths:
A. Anemia
B. Patechial haemorrhages
C. Increased fluidity of blood
D. Cyanosis
E. Congestion
19. Probability the mummification is greater at :
A. 20 to 40 degree F
B. 50 to 60 degree F
C. 80 to 90 degree F
D. 90 to 100 degree F
E. 110 to 120 degree F
20. Regarding medical evidence all are correct except:
A. During cross examination be brief and to the point
B. Refresh your memory from private notes prepared for cross examination
C. Professional secrets are not divulged even if court asks
 D. A doctor can volunteer a statement in the court
E. Use plain and simple language and avoid technical terms as far as possible

21. Tardieu spots in hanging are common at all of the following sites, except:
A. Scalp
B. Eyebrow
C. Chest wall
D. Face
E. Abdomen
22. Rigor mortis starts when muscle ATP is reduced below:
A. 50 %
B. 5 %
C. 15 %
D. 10 %
E. 20 %
23. In drowning, the epidermis of the hand and feet is separated in the form of gloves and
stocking after:
A. 2 mints
B. 2 hrs
C. 2 days
D. 2 weeks
E. 2 months
24. The dead body is lying on the autopsy table; there is leathery, fine, tenacious ,
persistent froth at mouth and nostrils. The death is due to:
A. Opium poisoning
B. Barbiturate poisoning
C. Throttling
D. Drowning
E. Traumatic asphyxia
25. Cerebral anoxia is the most common cause of death from:
A. Hanging
B. Strangulation
C. Smothering
D. Shoking
E. Drowning
26. Exhumation related correct statement is:
A. It is undertaken when there is a request from police officer
B. Is object is to know the mode of death
C. Postmortem examination of the exhumed body is usually done at the mortuary
D. Relatives and police are allowed to witness the post mortem examination
E. There is 20 years time limit in Pakistan for exhumation
27. During autopsy air embolism is diagnosed by?
A. Distention of right side of heart
B. X-ray examination of the chest
C. Puncturing the right side of heart under water
D. Palpating right side of heart for crepitation
E. Segmentation of the coronary vessels
28. At autopsy the suspected case of septicemia the following material should be
preserved for laboratory examination:
A. Liver
B. Spleen
C. Kidney
D. Urine
E. Blood
29. Which of the following question is avoided in Examination-in-chief?
A. Did you not see Mr. B hit Mr. A by an iron bar
B. What did you see?
C. What type of weapon would cause this injury
D. Where had you been at the time of incidence
30. It’s not true about Dying deposition:
A. It is an evidence accepted in the court in the event of victims death
B. It loses its value if victim survives
C. It is admissable in criminal cases only
D. It is necessary that the doctor should be present even if magistrate recording the
statement
E. The person should die from the same cause
31. Postmortem caloricity is seen in death except:
A. Infection
B. Pontine hemorrhage
C. Heat stroke
D. Asphyxia
E. Secondary shock
32. Accident is:
A. Mode
B. Cause
C. Mechanism
D. Natural manner
E. Un-natural manner
33. Simultaneous physical changes seen at on act of clinical death are called:
A. Early changes
B. Immediate changes
C. Late changes
 D. Very late changes
E. Advance changes
34. Incorrect theme regarding asphyxia is:
A. It is synonymous with anoxia
B. In stage of inspiratory dysnea the breathing is slow, shallow
C. The cyanosis is specific sign
D. The increased capillary permeability results from anoxia and stasis of blood
E. The postmortem findings in detail are intense venous congestion tardieu spots
and cardiac dilatation
35. Following biochemical change is not seen in drowning:
A. In fresh water drowning there is rise in potassium contents
B. Chloride content of the left side of heart is diminished in fresh water drowning
C. Magnesium content of the left side of heart is increased in sea water drowning
D. Estimation of serum potassium is a useful investigation in drowning
E. Critical level causing serious changes in electrolytes is above 8 ml of fluid /lb of
body weight
36. Putrification begins at:
A. 20 to 40 degree F
B. 50 to 60 degree F
C. 80 to 100 degree F
D. 100 to 110 degree F
E. 115 to 125 degree F
37. It is incorrect about cross examination:
A. To impeache the credibility of the witness
B. To impeach the accuracy of the evidence given in examination in chief
C. To ilicit facts which the witness has not deposed
D. To weaken the evidence of the witness
E. To clear up any obscure points
38. It’s correct about legal procedure:
A. Leading questions are not allowed in examination in chief except when judge
considers a witness to be hostile
B. Twice a imprisonment which a magistrate is authorized to award may be
imposed by him when passing a sentence for two or more offences at one trail
C. When summoned to give a evidence in warrant case medical officers in
government service are not entitled to their fees as expert
D. Assistant session judge may pass any sentence authorized by law except
sentence of death
E. A medical witness who has already been examined by the court cannot be called
again
39. Correct statement about color of postmortem lividity is:
A. Cherry red in burns
 B. Cherry red in carbon monoxide poisoning
C. Light brown in phosphorus
D. Grayish brown in abortion due to clostridium perfringens
E. Pink in potassium cyanide
40. All are correct regarding incisions given in autopsy except:
A. Circular incision is given to open skull cap in cases of infanticide
B. Thorax and abdomen are opened by a midline incision along the lesser curvature
C. Stomach is opened by incision along the lesser curvature
D. Site incision means incision over a specific anatomical organ
E. Stomach is incised from posterior aspects
41. Following documents are prepared by medical man, except:
A. Prescription
B. Certificate
C. Postmortem report
D. Ballistic report
E. Exhumation report
42. Most confidential document is:
A. Prescription
B. Medico legal certificate
C. Postmortem report
D. Medical notification
E. Laboratory report
43. An announcement of the commission of crime without naming the criminal is called
as?
A. Testimony
B. Offence
C. Open verdict
D. Judicial proceeding
E. Judgement
44. Mens-rea cannotes:
A. Good faith
B. Evil or criminal intent
C. Actus reus
D. Physical act
E. Execution of crime
45. According to Gatler difference of chloride content of blood per 100ml in both left and
right side of heart is evidence of a drowning in:
A. 5 mg
B. 10 mg
C. 15 mg
D. 25 mg
 E. 50 mg
46. Regarding dry drowning:
A. Ballooned lungs
B. Water in stomach
C. Negative autopsy
D. Hemodilution
E. Hemoconcentration
47. Exhumation is not beneficial in:
A. Highly decomposed bodies
B. Road traffic accident
C. Volatile poisoning
D. Sudden and unexpected death
E. Mutilated bodies
48. During exhumation the the post mortem of the deceased can be postponed if?
A. The grave contains huge water
B. When there is no proper arrangement for doing autopsy
C. When dead body found buried in ditch
D. When there is public holiday
E. None of above
49. In standard autopsy room vents for crossing of air should be in the wall:
A. Near roof
B. Near floor
C. At centre
D. At side
E. None of above
50. In sudden suspicious death to rule out any foul play police request for which type of
autopsy?
A. Psychological autopsy
B. Mini autopsy
C. Medicolegal autopsy
D. Hospital autopsy
E. Negative autopsy
51. Following expert witness / witnesses are NOT exempted from oral evidence:
A. Ballistic expert
B. Radiologist
C. Professor of forensic medicine
D. Handwriting expert
E. Fingerprint expert
52. Process of conversion of unsaturated fats into saturated fats after death is called?
A. Saponification
B. Putrification
 C. Fermentation
D. Rancidification
E. Adipocere formation
53. Disinterment of dead body is called?
A. Biopsy
B. Autopsy
C. Necropsy
D. Exhumation
E. Postmortem examination
54. Authorisation for medicolegal autopsy is given by:
A. Police
B. Parents
C. Loco parents
D. Relatives
E. Friends
55. Leading questions are asked in:
A. Examination in chief
B. Cross examination
C. Re-examination
D. Dying declaration
E. Testimony
56. Most common putrified gas found in large quantities in decomposition is:
A. Hydrogen sulphide
B. Cadavern
C. Mercaptin
D. Ammonia
E. Phosphorated hydrogen
57. Term dyadic death means:
A. Apparent death
B. Mercy death
C. Reflex death
D. Cellular death
E. Homicide followed by suicidal death
58. Corpse fauna includes all except:
A. Bacteria
B. Flies
C. Beetles
D. Moths and mites
E. Viruses
59. Postmortem blisters are composed of:
A. Reddish fluid, no chloride, no protein putrid odour
 B. Reddish fluid, chloride, protein and putrid odour
C. Reddish fluid, inflammatory cells and putrid odour
D. Yellowish fluid, chloride, no protein, putrid odour
E. Yellowish fluid, positive vital reaction, putrid odour
60. Suspended animation is differentiated from somatic death clinically by examining
with:
A. Stethoscope
B. Ophthalmoscope
C. Oscilloscope
D. Otoscope
E. Laryngoscope
61. When a doctor is summoned to give evidence in a court of law in a criminal case of
homicide,a fee is tendered to cover the necessary travelling expenses. This fee is paid
by:
A. Court
B. Party who called the witness
C. Opposing or accused party
D. Police officer
E. Department of medico legal if coming from the same station
62. A doctor was called by High Court to give evidence but the doctor failed to appear
before the court without any justification. The court can take action such as:
A. Fine
B. Professional death sentence
C. Penal erasure
D. Non bailable warrant
E. Imprisonment
63. Exhumation is not beneficial in:
A. Highly decomposed bodies
B. Road traffic accident
C. Volatile poisoning
D. Sudden and unexpected death
E. Mutilated bodies
64. Magistrate inquest in Pakistan is carried out under section?
A. 174 Cr Pc
B. 176 Cr Pc
C. Section 4 enforcement of Hadood ordinance
D. Qisas and Diyat act
E. Pakistan Penal Code
65. Champignon d'mouse is sign which denotes death death of deceased is due to:
A. Choking
B. Drowning
 C. Hanging
D. Strangulation
E. Mugging
66. Secondary drowning syndrome is seen in children and elderly people who die to/
except:
A. Septic pneumonia
B. Pulmonary edema
C. Chemical pneumonitis
D. Metabolic acidosis
E. Hemoconcentration or hemodilution depending upon the type of water
67. The intensity of light over the autopsy table should be:
A. 90 lumens
B. 70 lumens
C. 50 lumens
D. 30 lumens
E. 20 lumens
68. Examination of which of the following organs is the most difficult one during an
autopsy of an adult?
A. Brain
B. Spinal cord
C. Pancreas
D. Testicle
E. Adrenals
69. Types of autopsies done in our mortuary is:
A. Pathological autopsy
B. Medical autopsy
C. Medico legal autopsy
D. Negative autopsy
E. Psychological autopsy
70. During exhumation the the post mortem of the deceased can be postponed if?
A. The grave contains huge water
B. When there is no proper arrangement for doing autopsy
C. When dead body found buried in ditch
D. When there is public holiday
E. None of above
71. During examination the number of sample of soil taken is/are:
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
E. Five
72. Exhumation is performed by the order of:
A. Judicial magistrate
B. D.C.O
C. High Court
D. Superintendent of police
E. Medical officer
73. Mummification appears mostly in dead bodies:
A. Which are buried under sand
B. Died due to sunstroke
C. Kept in lead sealed coffins
D. Died due to starvation
E. Died due to high grade fever
74. Marbled appearance on chest and abdomen occur in summer in an dead body of
young women from:
A. 12-18 hours
B. 18-24 hours
C. 24-30 hours
D. 30-36 hours
E. 36-42 hours
75. Flaccidity of eyeball after death occurs due to decrease intraocular tension (IOT) when
it drops up to:
A. 14-25 g
B. 10-12 g
C. 8-10 g
D. 3-4 g
E. 0-1 g
76. Adipocere formation is best determined by:
A. Its floating property
B. Analysis of palmitic acid
C. It's inflammability
D. Its peculiar rancid smell
E. Is dissolving property in ether and alcohol
77. All factors effect development of livor mortis except:
A. Old age
B. Anemic person
C. Pigmented skin
D. Drowning in running water
E. Drowning in stagnant water
78. Regarding autopsy:
A. Objective include identification of person
B. Dead body challan submitted by police
 C. Inquest report by CMO
D. Identification of dead body done by relatives
E. Dead body challan not contain cause of death
79. Which of the following organ have longest survival period after somatic death?
A. Cerebral cortex
B. Liver
C. Kidneys
D. Heart
E. Cornea
80. In death certification primary pathological condition from which start of the events
leading to death is written in:
A. Part 1 of death certificate format
B. Part 1 (a) of death certificate format
C. Part 1 (b) of death certificate format
D. Part 1 ( c) of death certificate format
E. Part II of death certificate format
81. When a doctor is summoned to give evidence in a court of law in a criminal case of
homicide,a fee is tendered to cover the necessary travelling expenses. This fee is paid
by:
A. Court
B. Party who called the witness
C. Opposing or accused party
D. Police officer
E. Department of medico legal if coming from the same station
82. Inquest can be following types, except:
A. Police inquest
B. Coroner’s inquest
C. Medical officers inquest
D. Judicial inquest
E. Magistrate inquest
83. Statement given by a witness under oath during judicial proceeding which is signed by
him is termed as:
A. Document
B. Deposition
C. Testimony
D. Declaration
E. Evidence
84. Police arrested a suspected person with revolver in a case of death of the victim by
firearm, subsequently laboratory examination revealed that the bullet recovered from
the body of victim was fired from the revolver which was in possession of suspect at
the time of his arrest. This is basically called as:
 A. Direct evidence
B. Indirect evidence
C. Eye witness evidence
D. Circumstantial evidence
E. Opinion of doctor in the court
85. Following is NOT a valid documentary evidence:
A. F.I.R
B. Dying declaration
C. Dying deposition if dying person survives
D. Death certificate
E. Statement of accused
86. The purpose of criminal law is to:
A. Safeguard the interests of community/ society
B. Punish the criminals in society
C. Safeguard the interests of civilians
D. Safeguard the interests of people of different religion
E. Safeguard the interests of women and children
87. Medicolegal report is best described as:
A. Document prepared by doctor on demand by police officer
B. Injury report
C. Postmortem report
D. Age certificate
E. Dying Declaration
88. When a doctor is summoned to give evidence in a court of law in a civil case of
divorce, a fees is tendered to cover the necessary travelling expenses. This fees is paid
by:
A. Court
B. Opposing or accused party
C. Party who called the witness
D. Police officer
E. Magistrate
89. Useful information obtained from cadaveric spasm which helps law enforcement
agency:
A. Nature of death
B. Mode of death
C. Time since death
D. Cause of death
E. Muscle action at the time of death
90. Exhumation is carried out under section:
A. Qisas and Diyat act section 334
B. Enforcement of Hadood ordinance sec-5
 C. CRPC sec: 176
D. PPC 174
E. CRPC sec: 178
91. During exhumation the postmortem of the deceased can be postponed if?
A. The grave contains huge water
B. When there is no proper arrangement for doing autopsy
C. When dead body found buried in ditch
D. When there is public holiday
E. None of above
92. Main cause of death in immersion syndrome is:
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Ventricular fibrillation
C. Myocardial anorexia
D. Laryngeal spasm
E. Vagal inhibition
93. Secondary drowning syndrome is seen in children and elderly people who die to/
except:
A. Septic pneumonia
B. Pulmonary edema
C. Chemical pneumonitis
D. Metabolic acidosis
E. Hemoconcentration or hemodilution depending upon the type of water
94. Vitriolage means throwing of:
A. Boiling milk on face
B. Strong corrosive on face
C. Caustic soda on face
D. Hot water on face
E. Croton oil on face
95. Sulphuric acid act by:
A. Dehydration of tissues
B. Affecting cellular metabolism
C. Both A and B
D. None of these
E. All of above
96. In the case of autopsy on an unknown body identification is done by:
A. Police officer
B. Doctor
C. Magistrate
D. Relative
E. Friends
97. Which of the following is not included in the hazards of autopsy room:
 A. Electro cussion
B. Muscle spasm while carrying heavy corpse
C. Fracture of upper limbs
D. Electro magnetic radiation
E. Shock due to haemorrhage
98. Cannabis indica is a principle drug used in:
A. Suicidal cases
B. Homicidal cases
C. Accidental cases
D. Neither homicide not suicide
E. Both A and B
99. Musty (fishy) odour is diagnostic of which poisoning:
A. Arsenic
B. Aluminum phosphide
C. Cannabis
D. Ethanol
E. Cyanide
100. The blackening of filter paper is indicative of presence of:
A. Arsenic
B. Organophosphorus
C. Lead
D. Aluminum phosphide
E. Ethanol
101. Following expert witness / witnesses are NOT exempted from oral evidence:
A. Ballistic expert
B. Radiologist
C. Professor of forensic medicine
D. Handwriting expert
E. Fingerprint expert
102. An injured person is brought to the accident and emergency department in a
critical condition, one of the duties of doctor is to record his:
A. Dying declaration
B. Dying deposition
C. Testimony
D. Will of patient
E. Affidavit
103. A person who saw incidence of murder, was called by the court to give his
evidence, he is considered in the court as:
A. Common witness
B. Expert witness
C. Skilled witness
 D. Hostile witness
E. Dumb witness
104. A child is held responsible of his crime if he has attained sufficient maturity of
understanding to judge the nature and consequences of his conduct on that occasion
at the age of:
A. Above 5 years
B. Above 7 years
C. Above 10 years
D. Above 12 years
E. Above 15 years
105. Diminish responsibility in defense plea of insanity is applied to:
A. When severity of punishment is reduced
B. When defendant is completely absolved of his guilt
C. When defendant was sanr the time of commission of crime and subsequently
became insane
D. A child not sufficiently mature understand the nature and consequence of an
action
E. An intoxicated individual provided administration of intoxicant is without his
knowledge
106. Law which is universally applicable:
A. Statue law
B. Common law
C. Criminal law
D. Civil law
E. Federal law
107. A man was found dead in his room showing that the body is still warm to touch
rigor mortis was present in the eyelid and jaw and limbs were quite flaccid. Medical
evidence about the time since death would be:
A. 1-2 hrs
B. 3-4 hrs
C. 4-5 hrs
D. 5-6 hrs
E. 6-7 hrs
108. Police inquest in Pakistan is carried out under section:
A. 174 CrPc
B. 176 CrPC
C. Sec-4 enforcement of Hadood ordinance
D. Qisas and Diyat act
E. Pakistan Penal Code i.e PPC 176
109. Postmortem examination for legal purpose can be conducted by the following
only:
 A. Any registered medical practitioner
B. Any medical or women medical officer in govt: service
C. Medical officer/ women medical officer in the service of health department
authorized
D. Medical officer/ women medical officer in the service of health department
posted at any RHC or higher level hospital
E. Any permanent employee and selected of Publix service commission
110. Negative autopsy may be due to/ except:
A. Lack of toxicological analysis
B. Lack of proper training to perform an autopsy
C. Lapses in external examination as in cases of snake bite
D. In cases of death due to vagal inhibition
E. Improper identification of dead body