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Soccer Ball and Oil Tank Rate Changes

This document contains multiple word problems involving calculating rates of change from functions describing various real-world situations: 1) A soccer ball's height is modeled by a function, and parts ask to calculate average and instantaneous rates of change over different intervals. 2) An oil tank is draining, and its volume is a function of time. Parts ask to calculate average rates of change over two intervals and instantaneous rates of change at several times, then sketch a graph. 3) As a snowball melts, its surface area and volume are modeled by functions of the radius. Parts ask to calculate average and instantaneous rates of change as the radius changes. 4) A dead branch falls from

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181 views2 pages

Soccer Ball and Oil Tank Rate Changes

This document contains multiple word problems involving calculating rates of change from functions describing various real-world situations: 1) A soccer ball's height is modeled by a function, and parts ask to calculate average and instantaneous rates of change over different intervals. 2) An oil tank is draining, and its volume is a function of time. Parts ask to calculate average rates of change over two intervals and instantaneous rates of change at several times, then sketch a graph. 3) As a snowball melts, its surface area and volume are modeled by functions of the radius. Parts ask to calculate average and instantaneous rates of change as the radius changes. 4) A dead branch falls from

Uploaded by

myob
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

14.

Use Technology
A soccer ball is kicked
into the air such that
its height, in metres,
after time t, in seconds,
can be modelled by the function s(t)􏰃􏰂4.9t2 􏰁15t􏰁1.
1. a)  Write an expression that represents the

average rate of change over the interval 1􏰀t􏰀1􏰁h.

2. b)  For what value of h is the expression not valid? Explain.


3. c)  Substitute the following h-values into the expression and simplify.

i) 0.1 ii) 0.01 iii) 0.001 iv) 0.0001

4. d)  Use your results in part c) to predict the instantaneous rate of change of the height of
the soccer ball after 1 s. Explain your reasoning.
5. e)  Interpret the instantaneous rate of change for this situation.
6. f)  Use a graphing calculator to sketch the curve and the tangent.
15. An oil tank is being drained. The volume V, in litres, of oil remaining in the tank after time t, in
minutes, is represented by the function V(t)􏰃60(25􏰂t)2, 0􏰀t􏰀25.
1. a)  Determine the average rate of change of volume during the first 10 min, and then
during the last 10 min. Compare these values, giving reasons for any similarities and
differences.
2. b)  Determine the instantaneous rate of change of volume at each of the following times.

i) t􏰃5 ii) t􏰃10 iii) t􏰃15 iv) t􏰃20

Compare these values, giving reasons for any similarities and differences.

3. c)  Sketch a graph to represent the volume, including one secant from part a) and two
tangents from part b).

As a snowball melts, its surface area and volume decrease. The surface area, in square centimetres, is modelled
by the equation S􏰃4πr2, where r is the radius, in centimetres. The volume, in cubic centimetres, is modelled
4
by the equation V 􏰃 πr3, where r is the 3

radius, in centimetres.

1. a)  Determine the average rate of change of the surface area and of the volume as the radius decreases
from 25 cm to 20 cm.
2. b)  Determine the instantaneous rate of change of the surface area and the volume when the radius is 10
cm.
3. c)  Interpret the meaning of your answers in parts a) and b).

17.

Reasoning and Proving Representing Selecting Tools

16.

Problem Solving

Reflecting

Connecting Communicating

A dead branch breaks off a tree located at the top of an 80-m-high cliff. After time t, in seconds, it has fallen a
distance d, in metres, where d(t)􏰃80􏰂5t2, 0􏰀t􏰀4.

1. a)  Determine the average rate of change o

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