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John Errington's Tutorial On Power Supply Design

1. This document provides guidelines and examples for designing simple power supply circuits, including smoothed unregulated and regulated supplies. 2. For an unregulated supply, you need a transformer rated for the desired output voltage and current, a bridge rectifier rated for higher than the output voltage and current, and a smoothing capacitor sized based on the output current. 3. A regulated supply adds a voltage regulator IC, which requires increasing the transformer voltage rating by the regulator's dropout voltage typically 3V, to maintain the desired output voltage under varying loads.

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75 views2 pages

John Errington's Tutorial On Power Supply Design

1. This document provides guidelines and examples for designing simple power supply circuits, including smoothed unregulated and regulated supplies. 2. For an unregulated supply, you need a transformer rated for the desired output voltage and current, a bridge rectifier rated for higher than the output voltage and current, and a smoothing capacitor sized based on the output current. 3. A regulated supply adds a voltage regulator IC, which requires increasing the transformer voltage rating by the regulator's dropout voltage typically 3V, to maintain the desired output voltage under varying loads.

Uploaded by

Dai Ngo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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John Errington's tutorial on Power Supply Design

Rules of Thumb and example designs

1: Smoothed unregulated supply.

For an output of Vout volts DC at Iout


amps max you need the following
Introduction
(minimum values):
Transformer
Transformer: Mains : Vrms rated at
and rectifier
Vout volts, Vout*Iout*1.25 watts.
Smoothing
Bridge Rectifier: rated 3 * Vout at
Ripple Current around 2 * Iout

Load Capacitor: 5000uF * Iout at 1.5 * Vout


regulation

Design
Example: Design a simple capacitor smoothed DC supply to operate from 240V mains
Example 1
and provide 24V at 2A.

Transformer: 240:24V RMS rated 24*2*1.25 = 60VA


Voltage
Regulation Rectifier: 3 * 24 = 76V @ 2 * 2 = 4A (get 100V 5A)

Voltage Capacitor: 5000*2 = 10,000uF at 24*1.5 = 36V


References

Voltage 2: Simple regulated supply


Regulation
Simple cct We can add a
commercial regulator
Voltage IC to the circuit above
Regulation and but will need to
analysis increase some values,
to provide for the
Voltage
"drop out voltage"
Regulation
needed for the
precision
regulator to operate.
circuit
This is typically 3V.
Voltage
Transformer: Mains : Vrms rated at (Vout +3) volts, (Vout+3)*Iout*1.25 watts.
Regulation
Conclusion Bridge Rectifier: rated 3 * Vout at around 2 * Iout

Capacitor: 5000uF * Iout at 1.5 * Vout


Current
sources
The 78XX series regulators are inexpensive and can provide voltages of 5,6,8,9,10,12, 15,18 &
Constant 24 Volts at 1A.
current
For higher currents (or different voltages) the LM338 regulators can provide up to 5A when
mounted on a suitable heat sink.
Feedback
For more precision, or better flexibility, use one of the designs shown earler.
High voltages

Rules of Example: Design a simple regulated DC supply to operate from 240V mains and provide
18V at 4A.
thumb
Transformer: 240:21V RMS rated 21*4*1.25 = 105VA (24V 120VA)

Rectifier: 3 * 21 = 63V @ 4 * 2 = 8A (get 63V 8A )


Capacitor: 5000*4 =
20,000uF at 21*1.5 =
26V

Regulator: LM338
with heat sink

R1: 1k2 R2: 16k

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