NCM 105-Nutrition and Diet Therapy

_______________________________________________________________________
____

MODULE IN NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY

_______________________________________________________________________
____

ASST. PROF. NARHUDA H. UNGA

COLLEGE OF HOME ECONOMICS

 NUTRITION IN THE LIFE STAGES LESSON 6
Answer Key Sheet
Name: Molina, Christine Joy Score: ________
Course/Year: BSN-2B Date: ________

Try this!
Directions: Search then draw or you may encode the different tools of Nutrition in the
life stages.
[Link] Food Pyramid Guide:
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
1.c.1. 1-6 years old
1.c.2. 7-12 years old
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] a Reaction paper of all the topics by consolidating as one thought/ideas.

Our body is totally dependent on the nutrients we get from the foods we eat.
Bodily processes wouldn't occur if our body doesn't get the right and adequate nutrients
to carry these processes out. This is why eating a variety of nutritious foods from the
different food groups coming from the FNRI recommended Food Guide Pyramid is
highly significant. The categorization of the Food Guide Pyramids based on life stages
(i.e., pregnancy, lactation, children, adolescence, and adults) gives a specific and
detailed quantity of foods for each age group, which is a great factor that could assist
us with our daily food intake.
Utilizing and following these food guide pyramids are important to apply in our
lifestyle and make it a habit. These pyramids educate us Filipinos on how to become
healthier at our age. Additionally, these help us to be conscious of diseases such as
cardiovascular disease, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, osteoporosis, that we
might be able to develop in the long-run; thus, reducing our risk of acquiring them.
Furthermore, the food guide pyramid also provided recommended physical, personal,
and environmental activities that could contribute to our overall health.
Abiding with these food guide pyramids wouldn't cost so much, instead, it allows
us to be healthier and prolong our lives by instilling healthy eating habits within us.
These food guide pyramids might not be a way to cure any diseases but help prevent
them from developing and becoming worse. Without discipline and our willingness to
follow this food guide, we'll gain nothing and unhealthy eating habits may appear as we
go through.
 Answer Key Sheet
Name: Molina, Christine Joy Score: _________
Course/Year: BSN-2B Date: __________

Think Ahead!
Directions: Describe the beliefs of individual in terms of Food, Nutrition and Diet
therapy in the Life Stages following the Myth and Facts and with your remarks as one.
Life Stages MYTH FACTS
[Link] 1. A pregnant woman 1. Overeating is bad for both the mother
should be eating for two. and the baby. Eating a healthy, balanced
diet is more important than eating more.
Quality over quantity.
2. Eating peanuts and 2. It's perfectly safe to eat these foods
dairy can make your baby unless you yourself are allergic to them,
allergic to them or if your attending- physician advises
you not to.
3. Prenatal vitamins are 3. Multivitamins specially made for
only for women who have pregnant women provide minerals and
vitamin or mineral supplements that help keep mothers-to-
deficiencies. be well and promote healthy fetal
development. Prenatal vitamins can be
taken by all mothers unless advised by
doctors not to.

[Link] 1. Breastfeeding spoils 1. Babies are completely dependent on

babies if you do it too the mothers for all their needs.
long. Breastfeeding does not spoil a baby or
make him too dependent on mother. It
actually helps him form healthy bonds.
2. The mother should 2. A breastfeeding mother does not need
drink milk to make milk. to drink milk in order to make milk.
Whether a mother drinks milk, has
nothing to do with her breast milk
supply. It is, however, important for the
mother to remain hydrated with any
form of liquid and consume a well-
rounded, healthy diet.
3. Small breasts make it 3. All breasts are able to breastfeed well.
hard to breastfeed. Breasts of all sizes can make plenty of
milk, and babies can feed successfully
regardless of the size of the mother’s
breasts or nipples. A breastfeeding
 counselor can help the mother finds a
position that works best for her and your
baby.

[Link] 1. Infants need to be 1. The children should not be given

given rice water and daal anything but milk till the age of 6
water from 3-4 months of months. Watery rice cereal, daal water,
age. and other pureed foods may be
introduced slowly form the age of 6
months.
2. Infants who are 2. Infants that are breastfed don’t need
breastfed have to be additional water as breast milk contains
given water to drink. exactly the amount of water that an
infant need. In fact, according to WHO,
breast milk is over 80 percent water and
provides the fluids your baby needs.
3. Starting solids will help 3. Starting solids will not help the infant
the infant sleep through sleep through the night. Studies show
the night. that it may actually disrupt sleeping and
may actually have some negative
consequences including obesity and food
allergy.

[Link] 1. If a child takes a daily 1. Multivitamins aren't necessary for

multivitamin, he is getting most healthy children who are growing
all the nutrients he need. normally. However, a child could still
take these, but it is encouraged that
children should eat a variety of foods.
2. Sugar makes children 2. Sugary foods could cause dental
hyperactive carries and not specifically make children
hyperactive. What makes them
hyperactive is their will to enjoy
especially with peers and friends.
3. Toddlers should only be 3. Parents often stick to tried and
given bland food trusted bland foods for their toddlers
such as cereals and soups. Adding
seasoning and spices to a toddler’s food
isn’t unhealthy, there are spices that
may serve as herbs. These adds flavor
and the child might enjoy his/her food
and may be able to finish it.
[Link] 1. Skipping Meals Will 1. The truth is that skipping meals often
Help Lose Weight leads to eating more food later. This is
also an unhealthy way to diet since it
mimics the behavior of eating disorders
like anorexia nervosa.
2. Following a very low 2. It is not advisable for adolescents to
calorie diet is the best follow a very low-calorie diet in order to
way to lose weight.  lose weight since cutting calories too low
can lead to underdeveloped metabolic
processes and unhealthy lifestyle. These
adolescents may experience nutritional
deficiencies and may become obsessed
with controlling their caloric intake,
which might lead to eating disorder like
anorexia nervosa.
3. Certain food groups are 3. A healthy diet is consisting of a
bad and should be balanced mix of different food groups.
avoided. Avoiding and cutting out all of a certain
food group will lead to nutrient
deficiencies and even an eating disorder.

Remarks
Myths regarding nutrition have been part of some culture and past down
generation by generation. Some consider these myths as truths because they have
experienced it themselves. However, these myths are misconceptions which usually
have no basis or evidences to back up such claims. Most of these myths can sometimes
be very stereotypical. Educating each other of the truth about nutrition throughout the
different life stages could help in various ways such as preventing diseases from
becoming worse, and getting the right help. This is why validating the truthfulness of
an information is important before believing it and sharing it to other people. Our health
is what’s important, not some hearsays that don’t have enough evidences back them
up.

Answer Key Sheet

Name: Molina, Christine Joy Score: _________
Course/Year: BSN-2B Date: ________

See if you can do this!

Directions: Identify and write the correct answer of the questions on the space
provided below.

Allergy 1. This is due to allergens present in foods such as seafoods, eggs,

and other substances that leads to loss of appetite or diarrhea.
Prolactic Hormone 2. A hormone that initiated by the mammary glands in the
milk production process.
Food jugging or Eating too little 3. This is due to too much parental urging to eat
and tired of eating same food eaten every day that whose appetite is lost.
Infancy 4. The period from zero to two years of age.
Aging 5. It is called a total life stages process.
Pregnancy 6. The condition or state of conception having the union of an
ovum and spermatozoa.
Geriatrics 7. Is the branch of medicine concerned in the prolonging of full
growth and maturity delaying the onsets of aging and treating diseases.
Senile 8. Often connotes with an old man with mental and physical
weaknesses.
Adulthood 9. The longest period of the life stages and one attained full
growth and maturity.
School Child 10. The period characterized by a slow steady growth, enhanced
capabilities and more motor coordination.
 [Link] FOR HEALTH AND ILLNESS (FITNESS) Lesson 07
Answer Key Sheet
Name: Molina, Christine Joy Score: _________
Course/Year: BSN-2B Date: __________

Try this!

Directions: Define the following terms;

1. Weight management
Weight management refers to a set of techniques, practices, and behaviors of
adopting long-term lifestyle modification to maintain a healthy body weight on the basis
of a person's age, sex and height.

2. Eating Disorder.
Eating disorders are mental illnesses that cause serious disturbances in a
person’s everyday diet. The condition may begin as just eating too little or too much
but obsession with eating and food over takes over the life of a person leading to
severe changes.

3. Exercise.
Exercise is physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive for the
purpose of conditioning the body. Exercise consists of cardiovascular conditioning,
strength and resistance training, and flexibility.

4. Sport Nutrition.
Sports nutrition is a very highly regarded field of modern sports medicine, which
helps athletes to keep their bodies in good condition before, after and during exercise,
so as to achieve the optimal performance.

5. Bone Health.
Bone Health can be defined as a public health issue with an emphasis on
prevention and early intervention to promote strong bones and prevent fractures and
their consequences.

[Link] and Dental Health.

Oral and dental health is concerned with teeth, gums, and mouth. It is a key
indicator of overall health, well-being and quality of life. The goal is to prevent
complications such as cavities and gum disease and to maintain the overall health of
the mouth.

7. Fitness and nutrition.

 Fitness refers to the state of being physically fit and healthy resulting from
proper exercise and proper nutrition. Nutrition is the process of taking in food and using
it for growth, metabolism, and repair. It interprets the utilization of nutrients and other
substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health, and
disease of a living organism.

Answer Key Sheet

Name: Molina, Christine Joy Score: _________
Course/Year: BSN-2B Date: __________

Think Ahead!
Directions: Search on the beliefs of individual in terms of Nutrition, Illness and Fitness
following the Myth and Facts with your remarks. You may ask also your elders, parents,
friends, etc.
Life Stages MYTH FACTS
[Link] 1. Carbs Are All Bad 1. Not all carbs are unhealthy and
Management could allow you to gain weight
faster. Processed carbs that are
often high in sugar and white flour
are those that need to be avoided.
2. Skipping Meals Will 2. The truth is that skipping meals
Help Lose Weight often leads to eating more food
later. This is also an unhealthy way
to diet since it mimics the behavior
of eating disorders like anorexia
nervosa.
3. Snacking Is Always a 3. Having snacks in between meals
Bad Idea might actually help you eat less, and
shave off the urge to overeat or
binge later. Snacks like fresh fruits
contain lesser calories and help in
digestion.

[Link] Disorder 2. Eating disorders are 2. It starts as a reasonable plan to

a matter of choice, or “get healthy” through diet and
lifestyle. exercise can but transform into an
unhealthy and potentially life-
threatening illness. It begins as a
means of gaining a sense of control
in one’s life that can quickly escalate
into out-of-control behavior. Thus,
leading to an eating disorder.
2. Eating disorders are 2. Eating disorders are not just about
just about food. food but a mental health issue.
These illnesses are rooted in
biological, psychological, and
sociocultural aspects. And often
require some combination of
 medical, psychiatric, therapeutic, and
dietary intervention to achieve full
recovery.
3. People with eating [Link] with eating disorders
disorder are extremely can be underweight, normal weight
thin. or overweight. There are those who
have eating disorders that allow
them to gain much more weight and
this is called bulimia.

[Link] 1. Exercise turns fats 1. Exercise cannot turn fats into

into muscles. muscles since the process of burning
fat is completely different from the
process of building muscle.
Moreover, one type of cell cannot be
turned into another.
2. A large serving of 2. When it comes to protein, more
protein will improve isn’t better. Research shows that
muscle recovery after even a small amount of high-quality
training and protein (10-20 g) can stimulate
competition muscle protein synthesis.
3. Lifting weights will 3. Women don’t have as much
make women bulk up testosterone as men, so it is not
easier. easy to bulk up their muscles by
lifting weights unless they are trying
to do so.

[Link] Nutrition 1. Drinking fluids during 1. Excessive loss of fluid due to

exercise slows you sweating is the single largest
down contributor to fatigue during
exercise. Drinking fluids while
exercising is important so that you
won’t get dehydrated.
2. Athletes should not 2. During intense exercise, the body
eat carbohydrate, needs energy, and sugar is one of
specifically sugars, the most important sources. Without
shortly before exercise glucose in the body, physical
because it might cause activities would be difficult to
blood sugar to spike accomplish.
and crash, hurting
performance
3. A large serving of 3. When it comes to protein, more
 protein will improve isn’t better. Research shows that
muscle recovery after even a small amount of high-quality
training and protein (10-20 g) can stimulate
competition muscle protein synthesis.

[Link] Health 1. Osteoporosis is a 1. Peak bone mass is achieved

disease of older, less during a person’s late 20s or early
active people, so young 30s while bone mineral density
individuals do not have decreases naturally over time.
to worry about bone Hence, it’s very important then that
health. younger patients maximize this peak
bone strength early in life by not
smoking, avoiding alcohol,
maintaining an appropriate diet and
body weight, and exercising
regularly.
2. Calcium and vitamin 2. You need a total of at least 20
D are all you need to bone-building nutrients. Calcium and
have a healthy bone. vitamin D are not enough to have
healthy bones. For bone health,
vitamin K, magnesium, strontium,
copper and manganese are needed.
3. People with a family 3. People with a strong family history
history of fragile bones of osteoporosis has still a slightly
are destined to have increased risk of fragility fractures.
weak bones and However, this increased risk can be
fractures later in life. mitigated by lifestyle modifications
and, potentially, medications to
promote strong bones.

[Link] and Dental 1. Whitening damages 1. Modern teeth whitening

Health your teeth techniques are typically considered
safe – as long as you have your
teeth whitened professionally at a
dental clinic, or you follow your
dentist's instructions when using a
home whitening kit that’s
appropriate for you.
However, if you use a whitening
product when you shouldn’t, or you
don't follow instructions properly,
you can risk damaging the enamel
 surface of your teeth and causing
harm to your oral health.
2. Braces are just for 2. Although it’s common for children
kids and teens to receive orthodontic
treatment, more and more adults are
getting in on the orthodontic action.
The days of train-track braces are
long gone. Advances in clear braces
now offer a more discreet option for
adults who weren’t able to address
their orthodontic issues when they
were younger.
3. Dental health 3. Health starts from the mouth.
doesn't affect my What food you eat affects your
overall health. overall health.

Remarks
Following and abiding to myths and beliefs about lifestyle have been part of our
culture and it’s no surprise that most would believe on these. However, most of these
are just misconceptions that limit us from knowing what the truth is. One way to
prevent this is to educate ourselves with the right information that are backed up with
evidences.

Answer Key Sheet

Name: Molina, Christine Joy Score: _________
 Course/Year: BSN-2B Date: __________

See if you can do this!

Directions: How do take care of yourself in terms of the following: List down at least 5
Nutritional information of the following concept as to how do you keep yourself healthy
and fit.

FOOD INTAKE EXERCISE

1. Eating a variety of 1. Drinking plenty of water
foods before and after exercise.
2. Eating a fruit per day. 2. Starting exercise with
3. Making sure I include stretching and warm up.
vegetable in my food. 3. Making sure I have a rest
4. Avoiding too much day.
caffeine. 4. Skipping exercise when
5. Avoiding excessive I’m not feeling well.
sugar and salt. 5. Eating adequate
carbohydrate and protein
for my body to cope up
with energy loss.

ORAL & DENTAL HEALTH

1. Brushing teeth every
after meal. BONE HEALTH
2. Eating a well-balanced 1. Drinking milk every
diet. night.
3. Flossing regularly. 2. Exercising regularly.
4. Avoiding too much 3. Making sure I include
caffeine. vegetable in my food.
5. Visiting dentist 4. Avoiding too much
regularly.
caffeine.
5. Eating seafood twice
to thrice a week.

Bone
Health Answer Key Sheet
(1-5) Name: Molina, Christine Joy Score: _________
Course/Year: BSN-2B Date: __________
 See if you can do this!
Directions: Determine and modify the diet from Regular to the following diet listed
below.
Regular Diet: Soft diet Vegetarian Low Salt diet Low Fat/
Diet
Lunch Cholesterol diet

Corn and Crab Squash cream Curried Butternut Squash Curried Sweet Potato
Soup soup with Cauliflower Soup Soup with & Peanut Soup
thinly sliced Avocado &
shrimps Chickpeas

Fried Chicken Soft Scrambled Fried tofu Sauté unsalted Stir fried tofu
egg skinless Chicken
Breast

Chopsuey Sauté Spinach Fresh Salad with Baked sliced Sauté baby carrots
olive oil eggplant with
olive oil
(Carrots,
Lettuce,
Cabbage, radish,
tomato)

Rice (Cooked) Mashed Potato Barley Brown rice Brown rice

Pineapple Juice Mango lemonade Papaya smoothie Apple Juice

smoothie

Water Water Water Water Water

Remarks

A therapeutic diet is a meal plan that controls the intake of certain foods or
nutrients. It is part of the treatment of a medical condition and are normally prescribed
by a physician and planned by a dietician. Each type of therapeutic diet or modified diet
depends on the person eating. And with this, following the correct modification is
important since it could affect the person’s health and nutrition.

Filipino Culture, Values, Practices, and Beliefs Applicable in Nutrition

______________________Lesson 9___________________________
Answer Key Sheet
 Name: Molina, Christine Joy Score: _________
Course/Year: BSN-2B Date: __________

Try this!
Direction: List down and Discuss the following in terms of your own culture,
values, practices, beliefs, and habits RELATED TO NUTRITION.
You may ask your elders, parents, siblings, relatives, etc. about your own concept in
nutrition.
CULTURE VALUES PRACTICES BELIEF HABITS
1. A meal 1. Elders in our 1. It has 1. My mom and 1. My
can’t be called family do not allow us to become our Aunts believe that family and I
a true meal have leftover foods in our practice to eat certain foods like made eating
without rice. plates because we value meals on time. eggplant can’t be of any fruit
food. consumed by a after every
pregnant woman. meal a habit.
2. A day 2. My mom always 2. It has 2. Our family 2. Drinki
isn’t complete says that we shouldn’t become our believes that ng of water
without restrict ourselves from practice to eat drinking tuba before and
meryenda eating if we want to. as a family (coconut wine) after a meal.
(snacks) which Food must come first and especially helps in increasing
are usually should always be shared whenever we height.
sweet treats. to those who have none. are at home.
3. Part of 3. My mom have 3. It has 3. Our family 3. For
our culture is taught us to get only the become our believes that eating breakfast, I
saying “Kain right amount of food that family’s fruits and vegetable don’t eat
tayo” or “Kaon you think you could eat, practice to every after meal rice.
ta” to people because it’s better to pray before help in digestion.
near to us comeback at the table meals.
while we are than having left-over
having our foods. She always say,
meal. “Think of those who have
nothing to eat at this
time.”
Remarks
Culture, practices, values, beliefs, and even habits of each one us may affect our
views about our everyday lives including nutrition and food. Following what we believe
doesn’t harm us if we also know what the truth is. We should distinguish what is true
and what is not, because having the wrong perception may affect our health and
nutrition negatively.

Answer Key Sheet

Name: Molina, Christine Joy Score: _________
Course/Year: BSN-2B Date: __________

Think Ahead!
Direction: Discuss the following questions below.

1. Discuss the relationship in the study of Food, Nutrition and Diet therapy to
the Nursing Course Curriculum.

FOOD
Food provides nutrients that are essential for development and growth, and it gives the
energy to do physical activities. It also plays an important role in the promotion of
health and prevention of illnesses. However, if taken unhealthily, would cause different
health problems such as diabetes and heart disease. And for this not to happen,
medical and nutritional professionals come in to inform and educate the importance of a
healthy diet. Medical professionals such as nurses serve as the main point of contact
with patients. Furthermore, it is the responsibility of nurses to ensure that patients’ and
clients’ nutritional needs are met. And as a student taking up nursing, it is only
necessary for me to understand the importance of a healthy and balanced diet so that I
would be able to inform patients and be of a lead example. Studying the value of food
in achieving wellness prepares me for future responsibilities in health care facilities,
such as the monitoring and documentation of food intake of patients.

NUTRITION
With the right type and amount of food taken, proper nutrition would be
achievable which then results in a healthier body. A healthy lifestyle prevents illnesses
and promotes overall wellbeing since nutrients, vitamins, and minerals were consumed.
Studying nutrition as a nursing student is a responsibility. Nurses, more often than not,
fill the role of nutrition counselors by providing nutrition screening and nutrition advice
to patients. And because nurses are the primary contact between the patient and the
healthcare system, it is only significant that nursing students like me must study
nutrition. Studying nutrition is a very important aspect of becoming a competent nurse
because it prepares me for possible healthcare setting obligations such as monitoring
and documenting the nutritional status of patients.

DIET THERAPY
Diet therapy is the branch of dietetics concerned with the use of foods for therapeutic
purposes. It focuses on making sure patients are given a proper diet that would boost
their immune system and overall health. Without proper nutrition, the healing process
slows down and their health conditions do not improve as quickly as they should.
Nurses being the major contact of patients during hospitalization are responsible for
recognizing and providing diet combinations in the care setting. They should be familiar
with the diet prescription and its therapeutic purposes because mistakes can happen
even with the careful checking of the nutrition care department. Nurses also prepare
and create the environment pleasing for patients to have an appetite when it’s
mealtime and assisting them when they need to be. And being a nursing student,
knowing all these responsibilities as a nurse in diet therapy, and how I can execute
them, educate and prepare me for later.

2. Discuss the Challenging Role of Nurses during this Pandemic Crisis of

COVID-19 Virus.

Covid-19 has affected the lives and health of more than a million people
worldwide. With this, many healthcare facilities and professionals are overwhelmed.
They have to be efficient with their tasks to cope up with the pandemic, and one of
these health providers are nurses.
Nurses are those who mostly check up on patients and are the first contact of
patients. And their role in this pandemic has been vital to all patients and even other
healthcare providers. However, during the start of this pandemic and even up until
now, many nurses have experienced neglect and humiliation by people in the
community, probably because they work in hospitals where Covid-19 patients are
brought. nurses are also very much exposed to the risk of acquiring the virus. They
have direct contact with patients positive with Covid-19 and are responsible for many
tasks such as relaying their assessment findings to physicians, and determining if
respiratory therapy needs to be called. Their role in this pandemic has been surely
challenging in the eyes of their patients and even the public. They are able to assess
the patient’s response to medical treatments, and they educate the patients, along with
providing a listening ear or a calming touch. Without them, many Covid-19 patients
would be underserved and could have died.
Nurses aren't just health providers during this international crisis; many also
became patients because of this virus. Many have died serving people with healthcare
needs while risking their lives.
3. How Nutrition can protect the person during this Pandemic Crisis of
COVID-19 Virus; or Advise to protect oneself against COVID – 19 Virus
relating to nutrition.
Good nutrition is vital for health, particularly in times when the immune system
might need to fight back. A proper diet can ensure that our body is in the proper state
to defeat the virus. Eating the right type and adequate amount of food will keep us
healthy physically and mentally, especially during this quarantine. Keeping ourselves
hydrated is one way to achieve a healthy and free-from-toxins body.
A balanced diet containing fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meat, and
less fat ingredients will guarantee a strong immune system that can help withstand any
assault by the virus. Avoiding salty, fatty, sweet, and processed foods will keep us from
risking ourselves with diseases that may weaken our immune system. Alcohol and
caffeine should be limited or at least lessened. Lastly, eating out should be avoided so
that we wouldn't be able to have contact with the virus. Home-cooked meals ensure
that we are eating the right food.
Knowing that we are getting adequate nutrients from the food we eat, we are
also ensuring our brain that we are healthy, thus keeping us from stressing out from
this pandemic.

[Link] to have an alternative Source of Income to augment financial

needs for the Family and not just dependent on the Government and Non-
Government organizations aides, hence, during this Pandemic Crisis of
COVID-19 Virus.
Create a small scale business. Online businesses are trending nowadays, and this
might be because of our fear to go outside to buy our necessities. It would be nice if
this type of online business offers services such as grocery items. This would definitely
help people not to go out to buy foods and ingredients for their daily needs. And
through this the transmission and infections of the virus would lessen since most people
would choose to buy online rather than going out to go grocery shopping. This would
be a very ‘it’ business idea since it is timely and needed by all.
 Answer Key Sheet
Name: Molina, Christine Joy Score: _________
Course/Year: BSN-2B Date: __________

See if you can do this!

Directions: Assume you are about to open your food establishment. Plan and make
one recipe that is economical/budget friendly and nutritiously palatable not commonly
served from other food establishments.
CHEESY EGGPLANT BURGER with Spinach Salad
Ingredients:  4 eggplants
 5 cloves garlic
 1 teaspoon salt
 1 egg
 pinch of pepper
 ¼ grated cheese
 2 cups of spinach
 2 tomatoes
 ½ size cucumber
 2 stalks of spring onions
 1 ½ cup bread crumbs
 8 bread buns
 ¼ cup of mayo
 slices of cheese
Procedures: 1. Chop eggplants in halves.
2. In a casserole, boil about 750ml water.
3. When the water boils, add the eggplants.
While waiting for the eggplants to boil and soften.
4. Mince 5 cloves of garlic then set a side.
5. Chop 2 stalks of spring onions then set aside.
6. After the eggplants soften, strain the water.
7. In a bowl, mash the eggplants.
8. With the mashed eggplants in the bowl, add the minced
garlic, chopped spring onions, ¼ grated cheese, 1 egg,
half teaspoon of salt and a pinched of pepper, and the 1 ½
cup of bread crumbs.
9. Mix everything up.
10. Form a ball then press it down forming a patty.
11. In a pan, pour 500ml of vegetable oil.
12. Fry the patty until golden brown.
While waiting for the patties to cook, make a spinach salad.
13. In another pan, boil about 200ml of water then 2 cups of
spinach.
 14. When the spinach softens and cook add a pinch of salt.
15. Slice the bread buds in halves and set aside.
16. Slice thinly tomatoes and cucumbers.
17. Spread a generous amount of mayo onto the inner portion
of the bread buns.
For 1 eggplant burger.
18. Add the eggplant patty, then 2 slices of cheese, 2 slices of
cucumber, 2 slices of tomatoes, the spinach salad.
Utensils/Materia 1. Stove
l needed: 2. Casserole
3. 2 pans
4. 2 bowls
5. Knife
6. Fork
7. Spatula
8. Measuring cups
9. Teaspoons
10. Saucers
Total Cost: 110 PHP

Selling Price. 25 PHP/ 1 eggplant burger

25*8=200PHP
Picture of the
product.
 Dietary Modification and Diet Therapy Lesson 08
Answer Key Sheet
Name: Molina, Christine Joy Score: _________
Course/Year: BSN-2B Date: __________

Try this!
Directions: Search and Draw the Regular Model for Hospital Tray Service. Identify and
write each utensil’s according to the arrangement in the tray service hospital set -up.
Hospital Tray Service:

Answer Key Sheet

Name: Molina, Christine Joy Score: _________
 Course/Year: BSN-2B Date: __________
Think Ahead!
Directions: Draw the Different Tube Feeding Routes and discuss briefly each of the route.

Tube Feeding Route: Drawing of Mechanism of the Tube Description/Definition

Feeding Route
a. Nasogastric Route The Nasogastric tube is
inserted up through the
nostrils and down through
the esophagus and into
the stomach. The patient
is usually told to swallow
while the NG tube is
being placed. Once this
tube is in place, they can
use it to give you food
and medicine. They can
also use it to remove
things from your
stomach, such as toxic
substances or a sample of
your stomach contents.

b. Nasoduodenal Nasoduodenal (ND)

Route feeding tube placement is
a procedure in which an
x-ray monitor is used to
guide the placement of a
soft feeding tube through
the nose, then the
esophagus, down to the
stomach and into the
small bowel (duodenum).
ND feeding tubes may be
used for long-term enteral
nutrition.
c. Nasojejunal Route Thin soft tube passed
through a patient's nose,
down the back of the
throat, through the
oesophagus, stomach and
pyloric sphincter into the
jejunum.

d. Esophagostomy An esophagostomy tube

Route is a small rubber tube
that is surgically inserted
into the esophagus (the
muscular tube that
transports food from the
mouth to the stomach)
through the skin of the
neck. The esophagostomy
tube allows food to be
delivered to the stomach,
by-passing the mouth and
pharynx (back of the
throat).
e. Gastrostomy A gastrostomy is a
Route surgical procedure used
to insert a tube, often
referred to as a "G-tube",
through the abdomen and
into the stomach.
Gastrostomy is used to
provide a route for tube
feeding if needed for four
weeks or longer, and/or
to vent the stomach for
air or drainage.

f. Jejunostomy Route Jejunostomy is the

surgical creation of an
opening (stoma) through
the skin at the front of
the abdomen and the wall
of the jejunum (part of
the small intestine). It can
be performed either
endoscopically, or with
open surgery.