Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:CE 1-2S-2020-2021

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bayombong Campus

DEGREE PROGRAM BSCE COURSE NO. ENG U2

SPECIALIZATION COURSE TITLE ENGINEERING UTILITIES 2
YEAR LEVEL 2 TIME FRAME 3 hr WK NO. 3 IM NO. 1

I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE

Unit 3

II. LESSON TITLE

Building Water Supply System and Design

III. LESSON OVERVIEW

Components of building water systems. Sizing of waterline pipes

IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. Describe each component of the building water system.
2. Determine the size of waterline pipes.

V. LESSON CONTENT

MAIN PARTS OF A WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Plumbing codes require that a potable water supply be adequately furnished to all plumbing fixtures.
The water supply system in a building carries cold and hot water through distribution pipes and delivers
it to the plumbing fixtures. Schematic drawings of conventional residential and commercial systems
are shown in figures below. The water service line carries water from a district supply pipe to the
building. The main parts of a typical water supply system include the following.

Building Supply
The building supply or water service is a large water supply pipe that carries potable water from the
district or city water system or other water source to the building.

Water Meter
A water meter is required by most district water supply systems to measure and record the amount of
water used. It may be placed in a meter box located in the ground near the street or inside the building.

Building Main
The building main is a large pipe that serves as the principal artery of the water supply system. It
carries water through the building to the furthest riser. The building main is typically run (located) in a
basement, in a ceiling, in a crawl space, or below the concrete floor slab.

Riser
A riser is a water supply pipe that extends vertically in the building at least one story and carries water
to fixture branches. It is typically connected to the building main and runs vertically in the walls or pipe
chases.

Fixture Branch
A fixture branch is a water supply pipe that runs from the riser or main to the fixture being connected. In
a water supply system, it is any part of a piping system other than a riser or main pipe. Fixture branch
pipes supply the individual plumbing fixtures. A fixture branch is usually run in the floor or in the wall
behind the fixtures.

Fixture Connection
A fixture connection runs from the fixture branch to the fixture, the terminal point of use in a plumbing
system. A shut-off valve is typically located in the hot and cold water supply at the fixture connection.

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GENERAL WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM LAYOUT
Building water supply can either be supplied by a City/Municipal Water System or a Private Water
System such as a well.

Supplied by a District or City Water System

1. The water service pipe is an underground pipe that extends from the underground street main that
is part of a district or city water system, and delivers pressurized potable water to a building
plumbing system.
2. The water service lateral is connected to a water meter that measures consumption. The water
meter is typically located in an underground curb box located in the building’s front yard or is located
in the building interior. Building plumbing systems served by a well do not need a water meter
unless monitoring of consumption is required.
3. A water service shut off valve is typically located at the meter location.
4. As the building supply piping enters the building, pipes split off to supply water to hose bibbs, the
irrigation system, and any industrial process equipment using water that does not need to be
heated.
5. A building shut-off valve is typically located at this location. If pressure available from the water
service is too high, a pressure-reducing valve or pressure-reducing arrangement drops the water
pressure to an acceptable level.
6. If water softening or treatment is desired in the building, water is passed through a softening or
treatment device before the water is distributed to the building.
7. Once the water supply main passes through the softening or treatment device (if used), the main
pipe splits to provide water to a water heater or water heating system that generates hot water
before it is distributed.
8. A fixture connection links the hot or cold water branch to the fixture, the terminal point of use in
a plumbing system. A shut-off valve is typically located in the hot and cold water supply at the
fixture connection.
9. In multistory buildings, risers are pipes that carry water vertically through walls or through
enclosures called chases. A chase is a vertical opening through a floor or several floors that is
enclosed with walls between floors.

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TWO BASIC TYPES OF WATER SUPPLY DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS USED IN BUILDINGS
There are two basic types of water supply distribution systems are used in buildings: the upfeed (or
upflow) system and the downfeed (or downflow) systems.

Upfeed System
In a conventional upfeed system, water pressure from the water supply main is relied on to drive water
flow through the system. Water pressure in building water supply mains typically ranges from 40 to 80
psi (275 to 550 kPa), with 80 psi (550 kPa) considered the upper limit for most systems plumbed with
metal pipe and 40 psi the upper limit for plastic pipe.

• The available pressure at the water main places limits on how far water can be driven upward in
a plumbing system.
• Part of the available pressure is expended in friction losses as the water passes through the
meter and the various pipes and fittings; and part of the pressure is expended to overcome
gravity, which is the pressure required to push the weight of water upward vertically (up the
riser).
• Additionally, there must be sufficient pressure left at the remote fixture to drive flow of water
through the fixture.
• It takes 0.433 psi to push water up 1 ft vertically or, in the SI (metric) system, 9.8 kPa to push
water up 1 m vertically.
• Conversely, a 1.0 psi pressure can push water upward 2.31 ft vertically or, in the SI (metric)
system, 1 kPa to push water up 0.144 m vertically. Pushing water up 20 ft (6.1 m) vertically
requires a pressure at the base of the riser of at least 8.68 psi (42 kPa), because 20 x 0.433 psi
= 8.68 psi.

The upfeed system is used in low to medium rise building. For tall buildings, water must be supplied
through a pumped upfeed distribution system.
• A pumped upfeed system is one in which water entering the building flows through pumps that
maintain adequate water pressure throughout the structure sufficient to operate any plumbing
fixture.
• In a high rise building (e.g., 50 stories), water enters one or more pumps where its pressure is
boosted to pressures of 150 to 250 psi (1000 to 1700 kPa) or more.
• A vertical riser carries this high-pressure water to fixtures at the top of the building. Such a
pressure in the distribution system is too great to use in plumbing fixtures (e.g., lavatories and
water closets). For this reason, at several zones water is removed from the vertical riser,
reduced in pressure at pressure-reducing stations and distributed to the fixtures in that zone.
• The pressure-reducing stations, which are located about every 10 floors, monitor and adjust for
any variation in pressure. This ensures that water available to plumbing fixtures is always kept
under a constant pressure.

Downfeed System
In buildings that cannot be adequately serviced to the top floor by an upfeed system, water is pumped
to elevated storage tanks in, or on, the building, and the water is fed down into the building by gravity.
This gravity system, fed from the upper stories to the lower, is called a downfeed distribution system.
Water entering the building flows through pumps that develop sufficient water pressure to drive water to
storage tanks serving zones of about 10 floors each. To develop adequate pressure, the storage tanks
are placed above the zones that they serve.
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Cross-Connection
Any connection or arrangement, physical or otherwise, between a potable water supply system and any
plumbing fixture or any tank. receptacle, equipment or device, through which enables non-potable,
used, unclean, polluted, contaminated water or other substances to enter into any part of such potable
water system under any condition.
No person shall install any water-operated equipment or mechanism or use any water treating chemical
or substances, if it is found that such equipment, mechanism, chemical or substance may cause
pollution or contamination of the domestic water supply. Such equipment or mechanism may be
permitted only when equipped with an approved backflow prevention device assembly.

Backflow Prevention Devices, Assemblies, and Methods

1. Airgap. The minimum airgap to provide backflow protection shall be in accordance with Table 6- 1.

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2. Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker (AVB) - consists of a body, a checking member and an atmospheric
opening.
3. Double Check Valve Backflow Prevention Assembly (DC) consists of two independently acting
internally or externally loaded check valves, four properly located test cocks with connectors and
two isolation gate valves.
4. Pressure Vacuum Breaker Backflow Prevention Assembly (PVB)- consists of a loaded air inlet
valve, an internally loaded check valve, two properly located test cocks and two isolation gate
valves.
5. Reduced Pressure Principle Backflow Prevention Assembly (RP) - consists of two independently
acting internally loaded check valves, a differential pressure relief valve, four properly located test
cocks and two isolation gate valves.

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MATERIALS
Water pressure pipes shall be of copper, centrifugal cast iron (CCI), bell and spigot (B & S) and F & F
ends, ductile cast iron (DCI), galvanized wrought iron, galvanized steel, or other approved PE & PVC
water pressure pipe manufactured to recognized standards may be used for cold water distribution
systems. CPVC water pipe and tubing may be used for hot and cold water distribution systems within a
building. All materials used in the water supply system, except valves and similar devices, shall be of a
like material, except where otherwise approved by the Administrative Authority.

VALVES
A fullway gate valve controlling all outlets shall be installed on the discharge side of each water meter
and on each unmetered water supply. Water supply piping supplying more than one building in any
premise shall be equipped with a separate fullway gate valve to each building & so arranged that the
water supply can be turned on or off to any individual or separate building provided however, that
supply piping to a single family residence and building accessory thereto, may be controlled by one
gate valve. Such shutoff gate valves shall be accessible at all times. A fullway gate valve shall be
installed on the discharge piping from water supply tanks at. or near the tank. A fullway gate valve shall
be installed on the cold water supply pipe to each water heater near the water heater. A fullway gate
valve shall be installed for each apartment or dwelling occupied by more than one family. In addition to
the main supply shutoff valve for each apartment, individual shut off gate valves shall be provided for
each fixture.

GRAVITY SUPPLY TANKS

Elevated or gravity storage tank fur potable water supply shall be tightly covered to keep out
unauthorized persons, dirt and vermin. The covers of gravity tanks shall be vented with a return-bend
vent pipe having an area not less than the area of the down-feed riser pipe, and the vent shall be
screened with a fine corrosion-resistant screen with openings not less than 14 nor more than 18 mess
per 25 mm. Potable water inlets to gravity tanks shall be controlled by a float valve, float switch or
electrode-type water level control to prevent the tank from overflowing. Gravity tanks shall be provided
with a valved drain pipe and an overflow pipe screened as described in this paragraph.

WATER PRESSURE, PRESSURE REGULATORS, AND PRESSURE. RELIEF VALVES

Whenever the water pressure in the main or other source of supply wi II not provide a water pressure of
at least 103 kPa, after allowing friction and other pressure losses, a hydro-pneumatic pressure tank or
an elevated tank and booster pump will provide said 103 kPa pressure.

Where the local water pressure is in excess of 551 kPa, an approved-type pressure regulator preceded
by an adequately sized strainer shall be installed to reduce the pressure on the building side of the
regulator to the required supply pressure.

Each pressure relief valve shall be an approved automatic type with drain, and each such relief valve
shall be set at a pressure of not more than 1033 kPa

INSTALLATION, INSPECTION, AND TESTING

All water service yard piping shall be at least 0.3 m below the finish ground level.

Water pipes shall not be run or laid in the same trench as building sewer or storm drainage piping
constructed of clay or materials not approved for use within the building unless the following conditions
are met:
a. The bottom of the water pipe at all points, shall be at least 0.3 m above the top of the sewer or
drain line;
b. The water pipe shall be placed on a solid shelf excavated at one side of the common trench with
a minimum clear horizontal distance between the sides of at least 0.3-m from the side of sewer
or drain line and the water line, and
c. Water pipes crossing sewer or drainage piping constructed of clay or materials, not approved for
use within a building, shall be laid a minimum of 0.3 m above the sewer or drainpipe.

Unions - unions shall be installed in the water supply piping within 0.3 meter away from regulating
equipment, water heater, conditioning tank and similar equipment which require removal for servicing or
replacement.

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Inspection - no water supply system or portion thereof, shall be covered or concealed until it has been
first inspected, tested and approved.

Testing - water piping shall be tested and approved as provided in Section 501 as follows:

Upon completion of a section or of the entire hot and cold water supply systems, it shall be tested and
proved tight under a water pressure not less than the working pressure under which it is to be used plus
50%. The water used for test shall be obtained from a potable source of supply. A 344.5 kPa air
pressure may be substituted for the water test. ln either method of test, the piping shall withstand the
test without leaking for a period of not less than fifteen (15) minutes.

SERVICE PRESSURE, RESIDUAL PRESSURE AND PRESSURE LOSSES IN BUILDING WATER

SYSTEMS

Service Pressure (PAVE) is the average pressure at the building supply/water service pipe coming from
the Water District or Water Utility Company. If there are pumps in the system, they will add pressure
which will increase the value of PAVE at the point in the system where pumps are installed.

Residual Water Pressure (P) is the pressure available at the outlet, just before a fixture.

Pressure Losses (PHL) may be caused by the following: (a) change in elevation also called static head
(ΔPSTATIC); and (b) losses due to friction between water and the pipes or friction head (ΔPFRICTION).
Water pressure available at the water service is lost as water flows through the piping of a plumbing
system. This pressure loss or pressure drop in a plumbing system is from friction loss as the water
moves through the system and pressure loss as water is forced to a higher elevation (e.g., from the
basement to an upper story).

Static Head (ΔPSTATIC). Water has a maximum specific weight of 9.8 kN/m3 (62.4 lb/ft3). So at its
maximum weight, a 1 m by 1 m by 1 m cube of water exerts a maximum force of 9.8 kN at its base,
which equates to a pressure of 9.8 kN/m2 at the base of the cube. Therefore, a 1 m high column of
water creates a pressure of 9.8 kN/m2 at its base. In a plumbing supply system, pressure difference
from elevation change or simply static head (ΔPSTATIC) is found by multiplying the vertical height (Z), in
m, by the factor of 9.8 kPa/m. By convention, the vertical height (Z) is positive if elevation increases
from the station with the known pressure (the station is higher than the station with the known pressure)
and negative if elevation decreases.

ΔPSTATIC = – 9.8Z (kPa)

In English units, ΔPSTATIC = – 0.433Z (psi)

EXAMPLE:
A plumbing fixture outlet is 7.32 m (24 ft) above the water service line. Pressure available at the water
service is 310.3 kPa (45 psi). Determine the change in pressure from elevation and the pressure
available at fixture neglecting friction losses in the pipes.

Change in elevation is upward from the known pressure, so ΔPSTATIC is negative.

ΔPSTATIC = – 9.8Z = – 9.8(+7.32) = – 71.74 kPa

The pressure available at the fixture, P:

P = PAVE + ΔPSTATIC = 310.3 + (-71.74) = 238.56 kPa

Friction Head (ΔPFRICTION). Pressure losses from friction, friction head (ΔPFRICTION), are more
difficult to compute, as they are related to flow rate (gpm, L/min or L/s), fluid velocity (ft/s or m/s), pipe
diameter, pipe material and surface roughness, pipe length, and number of fittings and valves.
Experimentation has led to a variety of pressure drop charts for pipes of many different materials.
Pressure drop charts are provided in following figures. Meanwhile, the formula for the total pressure
loss and the residual pressure is given by the following:
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PHL = ΔPSTATIC + ΔPFRICTION + ΔPW METER

P = PAVE + PHL

In addition, we need also to consider pressure losses at the Water Meter which is marked on the
product by the manufacturer. We have seen that there are at least 3 sources of pressure losses in the
water supply system namely; Static head, Friction head, and the Water meter. This information
combined with the knowledge of the types of fixtures to be installed, we can determine the appropriate
sizes of pipes to be used.

RECOMMENDED RULES FOR SIZING FOR THE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Found on Appendix A of the Revised National Plumbing Code of the Philippines

The following is a suggested order of procedure for sizing the water supply system.

1. PRELIMINARY INFORMATION
a. Obtain the necessary information regarding the minimum daily service pressure in the area
where the building is to be located. (from Municipal or City Water Districts or Private
Concessionaires)
b. If the building supply is to be metered, obtain information regarding friction loss relative to the
rate of flow for meters in the range of sizes likely to be used. Friction-loss data can be obtained
from most manufacturers of water meters. Friction losses for disk type meters may be obtained
from Chart A-1.
a. Obtain all available local information regarding the use of different kinds of pipe with respect
both to durability and to decrease in capacity with length of service in the particular water
supply.

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2. DEMAND LOAD
a. Estimate the supply demand for the building main and the principal branches and riser; of the
system by totaling the fixture units on each, Table A-1, and then by reading the corresponding
ordinate from Chart A-2 or A-3, whichever is applicable.
b. Estimate continuous supply demand in liters per second for lawn sprinklers, air conditioners,
etc., and add the sum to the total demand for fixtures. The result is the estimated supply
demand of the building supply.

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Estimate Curve for Demand Loads in GPM and L/s

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3. PERMISSIBLE FRICTION LOSS
a. Decide what is the desirable minimum pressure that should be maintained at the highest fixture
in the supply system. lf the highest group of the fixtures contains flushometer valves, the
pressure for the group should not be less than 103.42 kPa. For flush tank supplies, the available
pressure may not be less than 55.16 kPa.
b. Determine the elevation in meter of the highest fixture or group of fixtures above the water
(street) main. Multiply the difference in elevation by 9.79. The result is in the loss in static
pressure in kPa.
c. Subtract the sum of loss in static pressure and the pressure to be maintained at the highest
fixture from the average minimum daily service pressure. The result will be the pressure
available for the friction loss in the supply pipes, if no water meter is used. If a meter is to be
installed, the friction loss in the meter for the estimated maximum demand should also be
subtracted from the service pressure to determine the pressure loss available for friction loss in
the supply pipes.

d. Determine the developed length of pipe from the water (street) main to the highest fixture. If
close estimates are desired, compute with the aid of Table A-2 the equivalent length of pipe for
all fittings in the line from the water (street) main to the highest fixture, times 100, will be the
average permissible friction loss per 100 m length of pipe.

4. SIZE OF BUILDING SUPPLY

a. Knowing the permissible friction loss per 100 m of pipe and the total demand, the diameter of
the building supply pipe may be obtained from Charts A-4, A-5, A-6, or A-7, whichever is
applicable. The diameter of pipe on or next above the coordinate point corresponding to the
estimated total demand and the permissible friction loss will be the size needed up to the first
branch from the building supply pipe.
b. If copper tubing or brass pipe is to be used for the supply piping, and if the character of the
water is such that only light changes in the hydraulic characteristics may be expected, Chart A-4
may be used.
c. Chart A-5 should be used for ferrous pipe with only the most favorable water supply as regards
to corrosion and caking. If the water is hard and corrosive, Charts A-6 or A-7 will be applicable.
For extremely hard water it will be advisable to make additional allowance for the reduction of
capacity of hot water lines in service.
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d. USING THE PRESSURE LOSS CHARTS
Pressure drop charts have many lines and numbers; use them with care and review the
information on the chart before using it.

Along the left and right is the volumetric flow rate (gal/min or L/s), and along the bottom and top
is the friction loss in the pipe (kPa/100m or psi/100ft).

The heavy, solid lines sloping diagonally to the left represent the nominal diameters of pipe.

The lines running perpendicular (at a 90° angle) to the pipe diameter lines represent the velocity
of the water in a pipe of a specific nominal diameter.

Fixture Unit - is an arbitrary quantity in terms of which the load producing effects or water
requirements on the plumbing system of different kinds of plumbing fixtures are expresses in
some arbitrarily chosen scale. One fixture unit is equivalent to a rate of flow at 28.3 liters per
minute (l [Link]./minute) or 7.5 gpm.

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5. SIZE OF PRINCIPAL BRANCHES AND RISERS
a. The required sizes of branches and risers may be obtained in the same manner as the building
supply by obtaining the demand load on each branch or riser and using the permissible friction
loss computed in step 3.
b. Fixture branches to the building supply, if they are sized for the same permissible friction loss
per 30.4 m of pipe as the branches and risers to the highest level in the building, may lead to
inadequate water supply to the upper floor of a building. This may be controlled by:
(1) selecting the sizes of pipe for the different branches so that the total friction loss in each
lower branch is approximately equal to the total loss in the riser, including both friction loss and
loss in static pressure;
(2) throttling each such branch by means of a valve until the preceding balance is obtained;
(3) increasing the size of the building supply and risers above the minimum required to meet the
maximum permissible friction loss.
c. The size of branches and mains serving flushometer tanks shall be consistent with sizing
procedures for flush tank water closets.

6. GENERAL RULES
a. Velocities shall not exceed 3 m/sec of the maximum values given in the appropriate installation
Standard, except as otherwise approved by the Administrative Authority.
b. If a pressure reducing valve is used in the building supply, the developed length of a supply
piping and the permissible friction loss should be computed from the building side of the valve.
c. The allowances in Table A-2 for fittings are based on nonrecessed threaded fittings. For
recessed threaded fittings and streamlined soldered fittings, one-half (½) the allowances given
in the table will be ample.
d. No building water service pipe shall be less than 19 mm in diameter.

EXAMPLE: PIPE SIZE CALCULATION IN DIRECT PRESSURE SYSTEM FOR RESIDENTIAL

OCCUPANCIES. Note: Direct Pressure System relies on the available pressure at the water main for
distribution of water in the building. No booster pump is used.
Calculate the pipe sizes for the TWO STOREY RESIDENTIAL HOUSE project presented as follows.

A. Demand Load
Ground Floor Second Floor
Fixture Load: Fixture Load:
WC – 1 x 3 wsfu = 3 wsfu WC – 2 x 3 wsfu = 6 wsfu
Lav – 1 x 1 wsfu = 1 wsfu Lav – 2 x 1 wsfu = 2 wsfu
KF – 1 x 2 wsfu = 2 wsfu Sho. – 2 x 2 wsfu = 4 wsfu
HB – 3 x 3 wsfu = 9 wsfu -------------------------------------
---------------------------------- Total: 12 wsfu
Total: 15 wsfu Water Demand: 0.66 L/s
Fixture Demand: 0.825 L/s (From Chart A-3)
(From Chart A-3) Total Fixture Load = 15 + 12 = 27 wsfu

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INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
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B. Preliminary Information
Average pressure at water main ----------------------------------- 345.00 kPa (50 psi)
Total Fixture Load: ----------------------------------------------------- 27.00 wsfu
Estimated Water Demand -----------------------------------------------1.30 L/s
Type of topmost fixture -------------------------------------------------- Shower
Height of topmost fixture ------------------------------------------------ 5.50 meters
Length of Piping ----------------------------------------------------------21.50 meters
Fixture pressure requirement at topmost fixture (PFIXTURE) ------ 104 kPa

C. Static Head (ΔPSTATIC)

ΔPSTATIC = 9.79 kPa/m (height of uppermost fixture)

ΔPSTATIC = 9.79 kPa/m (5.50 m)
ΔPSTATIC = 53.85 kPa

D. Pressure Loss in Water Meter (ΔPWMETER)

Use Chart A-1
The Flow or the Estimated Water Demand = 1.30 L/s
Assume Size of Water Meter = 20 mm
ΔPWMETER = 55.10 kPa

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INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
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E. Pressure Available for Friction Loss in the Supply Pipes (PA)

PA = PAVE – (PFIXTURE + ΔPSTATIC + ΔPWMETER)

PA = 345 kPa – (104 kPa + 53.85 kPa + 55.10 kPa)
PA = 132.05 kPa

Where, PAVE - Pressure at water main/service pressure

PFIXTURE - Minimum Fixture Pressure Requirement
ΔPSTATIC - Static Head
ΔPWMETER - Pressure Loss at Water Meter

F. Determine the developed length (DL) of the supply pipe, including the equivalent length of fittings
(DL’) and the Total Equivalent Length of Pipe (TEL)

DL = 16.00 + 5.50 = 21.50 m

The red line on the diagram below is the path of the pipe to the topmost fixture. Count the fittings
and valves along the path. Assuming size of fittings equal to 25 mm, use Table A-2 to solve for DL’.

Fittings/Valves Quantity Equivalent Length Subtotal

Gate Valve 2 0.183 m 0.366 m
90o Standard Elbows 7 0.914 m 6.398 m
90o Straight run Tees 3 0.274 m 0.822 m
90o Standard Tees 3 1.524 m 4.572 m
Total = DL’ = 12.158 m

TEL = DL + DL’
TEL = 21.50 m + 12.158 m
TEL = 33.659 m

G. Average Permissible Friction Loss per 100 meter length of pipe (P100)

P100 = (PA / TEL) 100

P100 = (132.05 / 33.659) 100
P100 = 392.32 kPa

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INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
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H. Using The Demand Load and the Average Permissible Friction Loss (P100) determine an
approximate pipe size that is closest to the velocity of 3 meters per second. Use the Charts: A-5, A-
6 and A-7

Estimated Water Demand/ Flow = 1.30 L/s

P100 = 392.32 kPa
Assume that pipe materials and water supply are such that Chart A-5 applies.

The inside diameter of pipe to be used is 25mm. If PPR Pipes is used, PN10 with a diameter of 32
mm will satisfy the requirements. Therefore, use 32mmØ PN10 PPR Pipe for the building supply
or service pipes.

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I. The size for each branch and riser can be estimated by computing the water demand in L/s in each
branch, knowing that the P100 = 392.32 kPa, plot these data on Chart A-5 to obtain the sizes.

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SAMPLE PLUMBING LAYOUT FOR A COVID 19 ISOLATION FACILITY

Sewer and Drainage Layout of a Building (Partially shown)

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Cold Water Line Layout of a Building (Partially shown)

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Isometry of Water Line

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Isometry of Sewer Line

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VI. LEARNING ACTIVITIES

VII. EVALUATION (Note: Not to be included in the student’s copy of the IM)

VIII. ASSIGNMENT
1. Referring to the pipe sizing example presented in this module, determine the sizes of all risers and
branches of the water supply system.
2. Draw a two storey residential house with complete water layout plans and isometry. Using direct
pressure system, determine the sizes of the water service, branches, and riser pipes. Drawings shall
be on A4 size papers either drawn manually or drawn with the aid of a design software like AutoCAD.

IX. REFERENCES
1. Joseph B. Wujek, Frank Dagostino. MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in Architecture,
Engineering, and Construction, fifth ed. Prentice Hall. 2010
2. Revised National Plumbing Code of the Philippines 1999
3. DPWH Standard Plans

Numbering the IM No.: IM-CCCCCC-SSSSSS-NNNN-NNNN

School Year
Semester
Course Number
e.g.:
IM-COURSE NO-SEMESTER-SCHOOL YEAR
IM-MCB180-1STSEM-2020-2021
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